Index

A Analyzing personal email networks, 115 Asymmetric connections, 151

ABC-D email list clean data for, 115 Asynchronous communication, 14
data preparation for analysis of, 137 compute graph metrics/add new Asynchronous threaded conversation, 17.
finding new administrator for, 136–138 columns, 116 See also Thread networks
graph with administrator removed, 138, 138f creating expertise email graph, 117f, BBS, 17–18
reply network graph in, 137, 137f 118–119, 118f discussion forums, 17–18, 20
Acquiring Twitter data creating overview visualization, 115–118 email, 17, 107
options for, 152–154, 152f filter data, 115–116 email lists, 17
REST API/whitelisting and, 152–153 import data, 115 technologies of collaboration and, 17, 18t
Administrator, finding new. See ABC-D email scenario for, 115 Usenet newsgroups, 17
list understand visualizations/metrics data, @ replies/mentions
Affiliation network, 36–37 116–118 ego network graph representing, 157–158,
as threaded network, 130–131 visualize social network, 116, 117f 158f
transforming multimodal into unimodal, Analyzing technical support email list symmetric connections and, 151
80–81 benefits of, 133 Twitter and, 146–147, 147f, 147t
Aggregate graph metrics, 69 data preparation for, 132–133, 132f Audio conferencing, 21
Aggregate networks metrics, 40 important people and, 133–135, 134f Auto-filling data columns, 81–82, 83f
Algorithms overview of, 132–135
clustering and, 41, 99 social role measures, 134–135, 135t B
detection, 41 social roles identification in, 133–135, 134f Barriers to entry, 15–16
Amber Alert, 6 subgraph images, 133, 134f Basic elements
Analysis, social network viewing reply network in, 135, 136f control of, 15–16, 16t
applications of, 5 Analyzing Youtube, 234–245. See also genre of, 15
business applications of, 43–44 Healthcare reform video networks; types of connections and, 16–17
early, 38–39 Makeup video network BBS. See Bulletin board systems
era of abundant computation and, 44–45 Harvey and, 235–236, 236f, 237f “Beau Nelson’s essential makeup tips” video,
Gartner Group on, 4 practitioners summary on, 245 242, 242f
graph theory and, 35 researcher’s agenda, 245 Betweenness centrality
history regarding, 4, 5 Rihanna and, 234, 234f, 235f altered manually, 175
individuals/groups who study, 5–6 user networks, 234–238 computing, 71f, 72
introduction, 31–32 video networks, 238–245 ego network graph using, 157, 157f
meets the web, 45 Annotation, 27–28 top three sites, 196
metrics, 39–42 API. See Application programming Twitter and, 150–151, 150f
network perspective in, 32–35 interface as vertex-specific networks metrics, 40
node-link diagrams and, 47, 48f Application programming interface (API), visualizing ordered Facebook data via,
obstacles to development of, 39 152–153 174–176
practitioner’s summary regarding, 48–49 Art, as social sharing, 24 Black Friday. See Trending topics, in Twitter
questions applied to social media, 47–48 Article history page, Project Chanology, 254, Blogs, 22–23
renaissance of, 42–44 255f hyperlink networks and, 196–197
researcher’s agenda and, 8–9, 49 Article talk pages micro, 23
research/practitioner landscape, 37–39 coding scheme and, 261 multimedia, 23
tools for, 47 collaboration issues and, 261 social media history and, 4
Analyzing Flickr networks, 212–220 conclusions regarding, 263–264 Twitter compared with, 144, 146t
data preparation advise for, 221 data collection techniques for, 269 Bookmarks/books, 24
graph layouts and, 221–222 deliberation and, 262 Bulletin board, Youtube, 229
graph types for, 212, 212f edge weights/vertices size and, 262 Bulletin board systems (BBS)
identifying tag clusters, 215–216 identifying high-quality contributors in, as asynchronous threaded conversation,
manual/multiple visualization layouts, 261–264 17–18
221–222 Lostpedia and, 265 history surrounding, 129
merging duplicate edges for, 212, 212f sampling frame and, 261 Bush, Vannevar, 12
overview of, 212 signatures of confrontation/deliberation
researcher’s agenda and, 222–223 in, 262–264, 264f C
revealing landmarks/tourist attractions, vertices colors and, 262, 263f Cascading style sheets discussion email
213–215 visualization tasks for, 262 list (CSS-D). See Analyzing technical
user networks, 212f visualizing contributor types in, 262 support email list

277
278 Index

Categories researcher’s agenda and, 78 producer/consumer population size and,

manually attached to vertex attributes, revealing landmarks/tourist attractions 13–14, 13t
172–173, 173f by, 214 retention of content and, 17
visualizing, 172, 172f sorting edge weight column, 74–75, 75f types of connections and, 16–17
Category Network, 254t vertex-specific, 71–72, 71f Digital objects, 15
Celebrity, 151 visualizing edge weights, 75, 75f Directed/undirected
Channel page layout, Youtube, 228f, 229 Comte, Auguste, 38 connections, 17
Chanologists, 259–260, 260f Connections edges, 34
Chanology. See Project Chanology directed/undirected, 17 Disaster response, 6
Chat, as synchronous conversation, 18 explicit, 16 Discussion feature, Wikipedia, 249–251, 251f
Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7–8 implicit, 16–17 Discussion forums, 17–18, 20
Church of Scientology. See Project Chanology location and, 17 Dunbar, Robin, 43
Circle layout, 177–178 types of, 16–17 Dynamic filtering, 84–87, 85f, 86f, 87f
Closeness centrality weighted, 17
computing, 71f, 72 Consumer applications, rise of, 4 E
as vertex-specific networks metrics, 40–41 Content page layout, Youtube, 227, 227f Edges, 34
Clustering Control of basic elements, 15–16 article talk pages and, 262
additional algorithms for, 99 barriers to entry and, 15–16 computing graph metrics regarding, 74–75,
automatically identifying, 95–96, 97f governance structures and, 16 75f
detection algorithms and, 41 granularity of control and, 16, 16t directed/undirected, 34
ego network graph using, 156, 157f Conway, Drew, 47 filtering, 94–95, 95f
FCC lobbying coalition and, 100–101, 100f Coordinate mapping, X/Y, 77–78, 77f, 78f hyperlink networks analysis issues and,
filtering edges and, 94–95, 95f Country code TLD, 190 184
Friend Wheel and, 177 Create VOSDON database, 187–194 list, 35, 35t
healthcare reform video networks and, adding seed sites, 189, 189f merging duplicate, 80f, 81, 114–115, 114f,
244, 244f comment option, 188 212, 212f, 238
hyperlink networks analysis issues and, crawling seeds, 189 NodeXL and, 54–57, 56f, 65, 66f
184 database name and, 187, 187f Project Chanology and, 254–255
introduction, 93–94, 93f dialog, 187, 187f weighted/unweighted, 34
in Les Misérables example, 98–100, 99f parameters for inbound crawl, 188 Wiki networks and, 252–253
makeup video network and, 240, 240f select network dialog, 188, 188f worksheet, 190–191, 217–218
manually creating, 97–98, 98f Creating living organization-chart Editors, identifying, 253–256
practitioner’s summary regarding, 101 creating overview of communication Ego network, 154–158
raw data/visualization and, 94–98, 94f patterns, 120–121, 121f aligning vertices and, 158
researcher’s agenda and, 101 examining research division, 121–122, 122f analyzing, 155
visualizing nonordered Facebook data introduction, 119–122 closed triads in, 154
and, 171, 171f normalizing/filtering data for, 119–120 data collection, 155, 155f
Clustering coefficient TechABCs email network, 119 graph before filtering, 156, 156f
computing, 72–73 CSS-D. See Analyzing technical support graph displaying @replies/mentions,
as vertex-specific networks metric, 41 email list 157–158, 158f
Collaboration. See also Collaborative Customizing layout options, 82, 83f graph with cluster detection, 156, 157f
authoring; Technologies of collaboration graph with eigenvector/betweenness
article talk pages and, 261 D centrality, 157, 157f
Collaborative authoring, 22 Data preparation graph without strangers, 156, 156f
shared documents, 22 ABC-D email list, 137 reciprocal ties in, 154
wikis, 22 Facebook, 168–170 terms used in, 154
Communication patterns, 120–121, 121f. See Flickr, 217–218, 221 Egocentric network, 36
also Asynchronous communication; technical support email list, 132–133, 132f Facebook and, 167–168, 168f
Synchronous communications thread networks, 131 Ego/egoless visualization, Facebook and,
Community detection algorithms, 41 Data representations, network, 34–35 170, 170f
Computation, era of abundant, 44–45 attribute data vs., 34 Egyptian Goddess Taweret, 264, 265f
Computing graph metrics, 70–74 edge list, 35, 35t Eigenvector centrality
betweenness centrality, 71f, 72 graph, 35, 35f computing, 71f, 72
calculating/importing additional metrics, matrix, 34–35, 35t ego network graph using, 157, 157f
74 Dating social networking services, 25 Twitter and, 150
closeness centrality, 71f, 72 Degree centrality as vertex-specific networks metric, 41
clustering coefficient, 72–73 computing, 72 Email. See also Analyzing personal email
degree, 72 as vertex-specific networks metrics, networks; Creating living organization-
dialog box for, 70–74, 71f 40–41 chart; Email list; Enron email; Expertise
Eigenvector centrality, 71f, 72 visualizing ordered Facebook data via, 174 network email graph, creating
expertise network email and, 118 Design framework, 12–17 as asynchronous threaded conversation,
Les Misérables co-appearance network, basic elements, control of, and, 15–16 17, 107
74–78 basic elements, genre of, and, 15 broadcast and, 107
Overall Metrics worksheet and, 73–74, 73f blogs and, 11–12 calculate total messages sent/received, 116
personal email networks and, 116 key dimensions influencing, 13 cleaning email data in NodeXL, 113–115
practitioner’s summary, 78 pace of interaction affecting, 14–15 collections, 108–109, 109t
 Index 279
data, preparing, 110, 111f F content management in, 202
data, working with, 110–113 Facebook. See also Friend Wheel; Visualizing data preparation advise, 221
demographics regarding, 105–106 nonordered Facebook data; Visualizing exploration/validation regarding, 222
duplicate addresses, managing, 113–114, ordered Facebook data Explore page of, 202–204, 203f
113f creating basic visualization for, 170–171 favorites, 206–207
duplicate edges, merging, 114–115, 114f data preparation, 168–170 graph layouts and, 221–222
ethical challenges of, 106 data sharing issues, 167 group management in, 209
filtering and, 111–112, 112f, 118 egocentric network examples for, 167–168, groups, 204–206, 207f, 209
flexible form and, 107 168f groups, public vs. private, 206
history/definition of, 106–107 ego/egoless visualization and, 170, 170f innovations of, 201–202
importing and, 111–113, 112f, 118 exclusive origins of, 166 integration and, 222–223
importing networks into NodeXL, 111–113, FQL query for, 169–170 introduction, 201–202
112f friendship network as egocentric, 167–168 manual/multiple visualization layouts,
introduction, 105–106 history of, 166–167 221–222
lists as asynchronous threaded introduction to, 165–166 members search, 202, 204f
conversation, 17 network types regarding, 168 photo stream, 202, 204f
networks, 107–108, 107t, 108f networky look and, 170–171, 171f practitioner’s summary regarding,
organizational network questions, 109 news feed, 165–166, 166f 220–221
permeation of, 105 ordered/nonordered data/attributes and, public access to, 202–204
personal network questions, 109 171–176 reports, 207
practitioner’s summary regarding, 124 practitioner’s summary, 179 researcher’s agenda and, 222–223
as push technology, 107 privacy issues surrounding, 166–167 sets/collections, 202–204
questions answered by analyzing, 108–109 questions answered by analyzing, 166 sharing/social interaction on, 206–207
researcher’s agenda and, 124 researcher’s agenda regarding, 179 social media and, 202–207
self-loops, identifying, 115 REST query for, 169, 169f tag convergence, 207
technical characteristics of, 107 roll-your-own queries for, 169–170 tagging mechanism in, 202
working with large collections, 111 team players/brokers and, 167 tags, 202–204, 205f
Email list. See also ABC-D email list; why map, 167 upload, 202
Analyzing technical support email list; Facebook Query Language (FQL), 169–170 vertices and, 218
Ravelry FCC. See Federal Communications what you can do with, 202, 204t
as asynchronous threaded conversation, 17 Commission lobbying coalition working with data from, 212
Encyclopedia Dramatica. See also Project Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Flickr networks, 207–209. See also Analyzing
Chanology lobbying coalition, 100–101, 100f Flickr networks; Importing Flickr data;
data collection techniques for, 269 Filtering User networks, Flickr
identifying editors within, 253–256 analyzing personal email networks by, application sphere and, 209–210
introduction to, 248–249 115–116 community sphere and, 209
what it is, 253–254 categorical, 84 data preparation advise, 221
Engelbart, Douglas, 12 by controlling visibility, 87–88, 87f, 88f e-commerce and, 209–210
Enron email creating living organization-chart and, geo-tagged applications and, 210
data collection, 122 119–120 graph layouts and, 221–222
historical/legal analysis of, 122–124 dynamic, 84–87, 85f, 86f, 87f implicit, 207–208
identifying key individuals, 122–124, 123f edges, 94–95, 95f manual/multiple visualization layouts,
Era of abundant email and, 111–112, 112f, 118 221–222
computation, 44–45 for expertise network email graph, 118 personal sphere and, 209
social networks, 46 Flickr user networks and, 218f, 219 practitioner’s summary regarding,
Ethical considerations introduction, 79, 82–90 220–221
email, 106 makeup video network and, 239, 239f questions answered by analyzing, 209–210
Youtube data importation, 233 ordinal, 84 related tags, 210–211, 210f
Euler, Leonhard, 35 practitioner’s summary regarding, 90–91 researcher’s agenda and, 222–223
European Society of Socially Embedded putting it all together, 90, 90f service/infrastructure and, 210
Technologies, 7 researcher’s agenda and, 91 tag, 208–209, 208f
European-based Institute for Prospective revealing landmarks/tourist attractions, types of, 207, 208f
Technological Studies, 7 214 user comments and, 208f, 209
Everything is a page feature, Wikipedia, 251, SeriousEats example and, 79–82 user contacts and, 208f, 209
252f subgraph images and, 88–90, 89f working with data from, 212
Expertise network email graph, creating, 117f, value-based, 82–83 Follow Friday, 148
118–119, 118f visibility column options and, 88 FQL. See Facebook Query Language
clean data for, 118 who links to organization’s web site and, Friend Wheel, 176–178
compute graph metrics/add new columns 192, 193f clustering/vertices and, 177
for, 118 Financial transactions, 25–26 creating, 176
filter data for, 118 Fireball, 177–178, 178f program, 176
import social data for, 118 Flickr. See also Analyzing Flickr networks; radial layout used to create, 176, 176f
understand visualization/data and, 119 Importing Flickr data; User networks, turned into fireball, 177–178, 178f
visualize network for, 118–119 Flickr Fruchterman-Reingold layout, 96
Explicit connections, 16 comments/notes, 206–207 Facebook and, 170–171, 171f
Explore page, Flickr, 202–204, 203f contacts page, 206 Full network, 36
280 Index

G purposes of, 183 formulas to create, 65

Games questions addressed in analyzing, 182 as shape, 64–65, 64f
hashtag, 147–148 researcher’s agenda, 198 vertex, 63
MMO, 27 static web presence and, 181–182 Landmarks. See Revealing landmarks/
social, 27–28 temporal changes and, 196–197 tourist attractions
Gartner Group, 4 theory of, 182–183 “Leona Lewis ‘Bleeding Love’ inspired
Generic TLD, 190 tools for analyzing, 185–186 makeup look” video, 242f
Geo-tagged applications, 210 trust and, 183 Les Misérables co-appearance network
Governance structures, 16 vertices analysis issues, 183–184 clustering of characters in, 98–100, 99f
Granovetter, Mark, 43 finding important individuals in, 75–77,
Granularity of control, 16, 16t I 76f
Graph. See Computing graph metrics; Idea generation, 26 introduction, 74–78
Expertise network email graph, creating; Identifying self vs. others’ comments sorting edge weight column, 74–75, 75f
Subgraph images; specific graph in Flickr user networks, 217–218, 217f viewing/hiding elements, 78, 78f
Graph theory, 35 new columns in edges worksheet for, visualizing edge weights, 75, 75f
GraphML, 253 217–218 X/Y coordinate mapping, 77–78, 77f, 78f
new columns in vertices worksheet for, 218 Lewis, Leona. See “Leona Lewis ‘Bleeding
H Identifying tag clusters Love’ inspired makeup look” video
Harvey, Leesha, 235–236, 236f, 237f cluster vertices for, 215, 216f Linker attributes, 183
Hashtags to disambiguate meaning of tag, 215–216 Location, 31–32
games, 147–148 import data for, 215 connections and, 17
information diffusion and, 151–152 interpreting visualizations and, 215–216, sharing, 27–28
origin of, 147 216f tag, Flickr, 213–215
sign associated with, 147 purpose of, 215 Lostpedia, 264–268
Twitter, 147–148 raw visualization of, 215, 216f article pages and, 265
Healthcare reform video networks, 243–245 IGraphDataProvider interface, 252–253 basic community facts, 265
central video in, 244 Implicit connections, 16–17 creating overview content map of, 264–266,
clustering and, 244, 244f Importing 266f
comments/ratings correlation, 244, 244f computing graph metrics and, 74 creating users overview map of, 266–267,
conclusions regarding, 245 custom graph data, 248–251 267f
number of comments/views visualization, edge list, 55–57, 56f data collection techniques for, 269
243, 243f email and, 111–113, 112f, 118 Egyptian Goddess Taweret and, 264, 265f
preliminary visualization of, 243, 243f identifying tag clusters and, 215 navigation of, 264
questions addressed in analyzing, 243 personal email networks and, 115 normalization of data and, 268, 268f
Historical perspective, social networks, 3–4 revealing landmarks/tourist attractions scope of, 264
History and, 213 theory pages and, 265
BBS, 129 Twitter trending topics and, 159, 160f user talk pages and, 265
email, 106–107 Importing Flickr data, 210–211
Facebook, 166–167 egocentric network depth levels and, 210, M
network science, 3–4 211f Makeup video network, 238–242
Project Chanology article history page, import menu for, 210, 210f “Beau Nelson’s essential makeup tips”
254, 255f raw data and, 211, 212f videos in, 242, 242f
social network analysis and, 4, 5 related tags network and, 210-211, 210f boundary objects and, 241
thread networks, 128–129 user networks and, 211, 211f, 212f, 217 clustering and, 240, 240f
Twitter, 143 user networks options and, 211 clustering conclusions, 240
Wikipedia history feature, 249, 250f working with data after, 212 complex attributes visualized in, 242, 242f
wikis, 248 Importing Youtube data, 231–233 filtering and, 239, 239f
Youtube, 226 ethical considerations, 233 importation of, 238
Hyperlink networks. See also Virtual makeup video network and, 238 influential user identification in, 241, 241f,
Observatory for the Study of Online preparation after, 233–234 242
Networks Data Provider; What is pre-prepared data importation, 233 initial visualization of, 238, 239f
network of this field/industry/sector?; problems with, 233 “Leona Lewis ‘Bleeding Love’ inspired
Who links to my organization’s web user importation, 232, 232f makeup look” video in, 242f
site? video importation, 231–232, 232f merging duplicate edges in, 238
blogs and, 196–197 Individual person-level graph metrics, 69 metrics and, 238–239
boundaries analysis issues, 185 Instant messaging, 18–19 “Natural makeup” video in, 241, 241f
challenges of analysis of, 182–185 “Queen of Hearts” video in, 242, 242f
clustering and, 184 K tag sources within, 238
constructing your own, 187–194 Kite network example, 70, 70f Massively multiplayer online games
context/meaning regarding, 185 Kleinberg, Jon, 45 (MMOs), 27
edges analysis issues, 184 Kutcher, Ashton, 144 Matrix, network represented as, 34–35, 35t
introduction to, 181–182 Merging duplicate edges, 80f, 81, 114–115,
linker attributes, 183 L 114f, 212, 212f, 238
methodological issues, 183–185 Labels, 63 Metrics. See also Computing graph metrics;
network flow and, 196–197 alongside shape, 65 Network metrics; Vertex-specific
practitioner’s summary regarding, 197–198 edge, 65, 66f networks metrics; specific metrics
 Index 281
makeup video network and, 238–239 import menu, 210, 210f Population
personal email networks and, 116–118 importing edge list in, 55–57, 56f large, 11t, 14
visualizing ordered Facebook data via, importing email networks into, 111–113, media intention and, 13
174–176 112f medium, 11t, 14
Microblogs, 23 importing Flickr data into, 210–211 producer/consumer, 13–14, 13t
Milgram, Stanley, 42 introduction, 53–54 small, 11t, 13–14
MMOs. See Massively multiplayer online labeling in, 63 Practitioner landscape, 37–39
games labels alongside shape, adding, in, 65 Practitioner’s summary
Mobile Short Messaging Service (SMS), 19 labels as shape, adding, in, 64–65, 64f of clustering, 101
Mobile-based services, 27–28 layout: arranging vertices in graph pane, of computing graph metrics, 78
location sharing/annotation/games, 27–28 57–59 on email, 124
Moreno, Jacob, 38, 38f layout, automatic, in, 57, 57f of Facebook, 179
Multimedia blogs, 23 legend in, 63–66 of filtering, 90–91
Multimodal network, 36–37 manual layout in, 58f, 59 Flickr, 220–221
naming vertices in, 84 opening, 54, 55f hyperlink networks, 197–198
transformed into unimodal, 80–81 practitioner summary for, 66–67 NodeXL, 66–67
working with data from, 80–81 researcher’s agenda, 67 of social media network emergence, 8
Multiplex network, 37 resizing/moving graph pane, 57 social network analysis, 48–49
Music, 24 saving file in, 66 of technologies of collaboration, 28
schemes tool in, 63 of thread networks, 140
N showing graph in, 54, 56f Twitter, 163
Namespaces feature, Wikipedia, 249–251 tooltips, adding, in, 65, 66f wiki networks, 269–270
Nation of Neighbors project, 6 updating graph pane in, 59 Youtube, 245
National priorities VBA, use of, 153–154 Preparing data
applying social media to, 6–7 vertex colors in, 59, 60f auto-filling data columns, 81–82, 83f
communities and, 6 vertex labels, adding, in, 63 customizing layout options, 82, 83f
disaster response, 6 vertex placement, fixing, in, 59 introduction, 79
nongovernmental groups and, 7 vertex size, changing, in, 61, 61f merging duplicate edges, 80f, 81
public information dissemination and, 7 vertex size advanced options in, 62f, 63 practitioner’s summary regarding, 90–91
volunteerism and, 6–7 visual design in, 59–63 putting it all together, 90, 90f
“Natural makeup” video zoom/scale sliders in, 59 researcher’s agenda and, 91
as bridge, 241, 241f Network perspective, 32–35 SeriousEats example and, 79–82
popularity of, 241, 241f Twitter example, 33–34, 33f shapes/colors identifying vertices, 81, 84
Nelson, Beau. See “Beau Nelson’s essential Network science, history of, 3–4 sorting vertices, 81, 82f
makeup tips” video News, 24 working with multimodal data, 80–81
Netviz nirvana, 47 Niche social networking services, 25 Privacy issues, Facebook, 166–167
Network flow, hyperlink networks and, NodeXL. See Network Overview Professional social networking services, 25
196–197 Discovery and Exploration add-in Programmers, NodeXL for
Network metrics. See also Computing graph for Exel 2007 controlling appearance of graph, 256–261
metrics; Vertex-specific networks Nongovernmental groups, 7 controlling layout, 256–257
metrics Normalization custom graphing applications, 254–255
aggregate graph, 69 creating living organization-chart and, GraphML, 253
individual person-level, 69 119–120 IGraphDataProvider interface, 252–253
introduction, 69–70 Lostpedia and, 268, 268f importing custom graph data, 248–251
Kite example, 70, 70f Noveck, B., 6 more features, 257–259
Network motifs, 41–42 overview of, 247
Network Overview Discovery and O populating graph, 255–256
Exploration add-in for Exel 2007 O’Neal, Shaquille, 144 sample code, 253–256, 259–261
(NodeXL). See also Computing graph Online markets and production, 25–26 TryGetGraphData (), 247
metrics; Filtering; Preparing data; financial transactions, 25–26 Project Chanology
Programmers, NodeXL for; specific Part review sites, 26 article history page of, 254, 255f
III Case Study user-generated products, 26 data collection for, 254–256
cleaning email data in, 113–115 Open source software, 4 defining edges/attributes in, 254–255
columns, autofilling, in, 61–62, 62f Ordinal filtering, 84 identifying editors within, 253–261
columns, viewing hidden, in, 64, 64f Overall Metrics worksheet, 73–74, 73f inactive/active Chanologists in, 259–260,
data entry in, 54, 55f 260f
descriptive data, adding, in, 60–61, 60f P interpreting graphs of, 257–259, 258f, 259f
directed graph type in, 57, 58f Pace of interaction, 14–15 sampling frame for, 254
downloading/installing, 54 Page Co-editor Network, 254t seeing trees/forest in, 261
edge labels, adding, in, 65, 66f Page Link Network, 254t subgraph images clarifying, 259–261, 260f
file opening in, 70 Partial network, 36 type 1/type 2 sysops in, 259, 260f
formulas to create labels in, 65 Pattern discovery with Twitter, 154–163 vertex color gradients clarifying, 256–257,
getting started with, 54–57 ego network, 154–158 258f
graph appearance changes in, 63–64, 64f Photography, 24 visualization strategies for, 256–261, 257f
highlighting edge in, 54, 56f Podcasts, 23 what it is, 254
images as vertices, adding, in, 65 Polar layout, 177–178 Project Network, 254t
282 Index

Public information dissemination, 7 Sampson, S., 42 clarifying, 259–261, 260f

Push technology, email as, 107 Schemes tool, 63 creating, 88–90, 89f
Science of sociotechnical systems (STSs), 8 Symmetric connections, 151
Q Scientology. See Project Chanology Synchronous communications, 14
“Queen of Hearts” video, 242, 242f Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence audio conferencing, 21
(SETI), 7 videoconferencing, 21
R Self-loops, identifying, 115 Synchronous conversations, 18
Ravelry Senate voting analysis chat, 18
background on, 138–139 automatically identifying clusters in, instant messaging, 18–19
benefits of analysis of, 140 95–96, 97f texting, 19
graph, 139–140, 139f filtering edges in, 94–95, 95f Sysops, 259, 260f
understanding groups at, 138–140 manually creating clusters in, 97–98, 98f
Relational data, 32 raw data/visualization of, 94–98, 94f T
Reply networks, 130, 130f SeriousEats. See Filtering; Preparing data Tags. See also Hashtags; Identifying tag
ABC-D email list graph, 137, 137f SETI. See Search for Extraterrestrial clusters
technical support email list and, 135, 136f Intelligence makeup video network, 238
top-level, 130, 131f Shared documents, as collaborative Tags, Flickr, 202–204, 205f, 208–209, 208f.
Representational state transfer (REST) authoring, 22 See also Identifying tag clusters
query for Facebook, 169, 169f ShopNPartyGirl. See Trending topics, in Twitter conceptual relationship and, 208
Twitter and, 152–153 Simmel, Georg, 38 convergence, 207
Research landscape, 37–39 Smart phone, 46 geo-tagged applications and, 210
Researcher’s agenda SMS. See Mobile Short Messaging Service identifying clusters of, 215–216
clustering, 101 Social media mechanism, 202
computing graph metrics, 78 analysis questions applied to, 47–48 networks, 208–209, 208f
email, 124 defined, 12 related, 210–211, 210f
Facebook and, 179 examples, 15–26, 18t tag cloud graph interpretation, 214–215,
filtering, 91 Flickr and, 202–207 214f, 215f
Flickr and, 222–223 history regarding, 4 tag cloud graph visualization, 214, 214f
hyperlink networks, 198 individual contributions in, 5 using location, 213–215
NodeXL, 67 individuals/groups who study, 5–6, 8 Talk pages. See Article talk pages
social media network emergence, 8–9 introduction, 3 Taweret, 264, 265f
social network analysis, 49 national priorities and, 6–7 TechABC. See Creating living organization-
technologies of collaboration, 28 practitioner’s summary, 8 chart
thread networks, 140 researcher’s agenda, 8–9 Technologies of collaboration
Twitter and, 164 rise of, as consumer applications, 4 asynchronous threaded conversation, 17,
wiki networks, 270 worldwide efforts concerning, 7–8 18t
on Youtube, 245 Social networking services, 24–25 basic elements, control of, and, 15–16
REST. See Representational state transfer niche, 25 basic elements, genre of, and, 15
Retention of content, 17 professional, 25 design framework and, 12–17
Retrievability, web site, 183 social/dating, 25 examples, 15, 18t
Retweeting, 148–149 Social networks introduction, 11–12
attributions in, 149 analysis, 4 mobile, 46
example, 148, 148f era of abundant, 46 pace of interaction affecting, 14–15
information diffusion and, 151–152 historical perspective, 3–4 practitioner’s summary of, 28
tracking, 149 individual contributions in, 5 producer/consumer population size and,
trending topics, in Twitter, and, 161, 162f individuals/groups who study, 5–6, 8 13–14, 13t
Revealing landmarks/tourist attractions, introduction, 3 researcher’s agenda regarding, 28
213–215 types of, 36–37 retention of content and, 17
compute graph metrics/filter data for, 214 Social roles, 41–42 sociotechnical infrastructure and, 11–12
importing data for, 213 Social sharing, 23–24 synchronous conversations, 20
preparing data for, 213 bookmarks/news/books, 24 types of connections and, 16–17
raw visualization of, 213, 213f music, 24 Television (TV), 24
semantic connections and, 213 photo/art, 24 Temporal changes, hyperlink networks and,
tag cloud graph interpretation for, 214–215, video/TV, 24 196–197
214f, 215f Social (users’ channels) sublayer, Texting, 19
tag cloud graph visualization for, 214, 214f Youtube, 229 Theory pages, Lostpedia, 265
using location tag, 213–215 Social virtual worlds, 26–27 Thread networks, 130–132. See also ABC-D
Review sites, 26 Sociotechnical infrastructure, design email list; Analyzing technical support
Rihanna, 234, 234f, 235f influence of, 11–12 email list; Ravelry
Rogers, Everett, 43–44 Static web presence, 181–182 affiliation, 130–131
Roll-your-own queries, 169–170 Strogatz, Steven, 45 analysis questions applied to, 129–130
Structures, 41–42 data preparation for analysis of, 131
S STSs. See Science of sociotechnical systems differences in, 128
Sampling frame Subgraph images history surrounding, 128–129
article talk pages and, 261 analyzing technical support email list, introduction, 127–128
for project Chanology, 254 133, 134f key properties of, 128, 128f
 Index 283
practitioner’s summary regarding, 140 interpreting visualizations of, 220 overview of, 185–186
reply, 130, 130f options, 211 practical application of, 194
research on, 129 raw visualization of comments network preliminaries for using, 186–187, 186f, 187f
researcher’s agenda and, 140 in, 217f select network dialog and, 186–187, 187f
top-level reply, 130, 131f visualize scatter graph for, 219–220, 220f steps for using, 187
TLD. See Top-level domain visualize user comments graph for, 218f, Virtual worlds, 26–27
Tomlinson, Ray, 106–107 219 MMOs, 27
Topic drift, 192 User networks, Wiki, 254t social, 26–27
Top-level domain (TLD), 190 User networks, Youtube Visibility
Top-level reply networks, 130, 131f analyzing, 234–238 column options, 88
Tourist attractions. See Revealing landmarks/ attributes, 230, 230f web site, 183
tourist attractions data importation, 232, 232f Visual Basic macro (VBA), 153–154
Trending topics, in Twitter, 158–163 Harvey and, 235–236, 236f, 237f Visualizing nonordered Facebook data,
import dialog and, 159, 160f questions for analysis, 231 171–173
information diffusion via, 159 Rihanna and, 234, 234f, 235f categories and, 172, 172f
mentions network and, 160, 161f, 162f, 163f social sublayer of, 229 categories manually attached to vertex
overview of, 158–159 value of, 234 attributes, 172–173, 173f
retweeting and, 161, 162f User talk pages, Lostpedia, 265 clusters and, 171, 171f
search phrase criteria, 159 User-generated products, 26 data/attributes and, 171–176
TryGetGraphData (), 247 Visualizing ordered Facebook data
TV. See Television (TV) V betweenness altered manually, 175
TweetDeck, 144, 145f Value-based filtering, 82–83 betweenness for, 174–176
Twhirl, 144, 146f VBA. See Visual Basic macro data/attributes and, 171–176
Twitter. See also Acquiring Twitter data; Vertex-specific networks metrics, 40–41. degree for, 174
Pattern discovery with Twitter; See also Les Misérables co-appearance metrics for, 174–176
Retweeting; Trending topics, in Twitter network; specific metric techniques combined, 175–176, 175f
@ replies/mentions, 146–147, 147f, 147t betweenness centrality, 40 VLOOKUP function, 113–114, 114f
attention/importance/eigenvector closeness centrality, 40–41 Volunteerism, 6–7
centrality and, 150 clustering coefficient, 41 VOSON. See Virtual Observatory for the
betweenness centrality and, 150–151, 150f computing, 71–72, 71f Study of Online Networks Data Provider
blogs compared with, 144, 146t degree centrality, 40–41
follow Friday, 148 Eigenvector centrality, 41 W
friends/followers and, 149–150, 149f Vertices, 34 Watts, Duncan, 45
growth of, 144, 144f aligning, 158 Web 1.0. See Hyperlink networks
hashtags, 147–148 article talk pages and, 262, 263f Web Science Trust, 8
history of, 143 categories manually attached to attributes Weighted/unweighted
information diffusion in, 151–152 of, 172–173, 173f connections, 17
interfaces for, 144, 145f, 146f color gradients menu, 256–257, 258f edges, 34
introduction, 143–144 color matching visualization, 190, 191f Wellman, Barry, 40
Kutcher and, 144 Flickr comments and, 218 What is network of this field/industry/
message size, 144 Friend Wheel and, 177 sector?
network example, 33–34, 33f Fruchterman-Reingold layout and, 96 betweenness centrality top three sites, 196
networks in, 149–152 hyperlink networks analysis issues and, conclusions regarding, 196
nuts/bolts of, 144–149 183–184 data collection parameters for, 194, 194f
O’Neal and, 144 shapes/colors identifying, 59, 60f, 81, 84 filtered visualization of, 194–195, 195f
practitioner’s summary, 163 sorting, 81, 82f final visualization of, 195, 195f
researcher’s agenda and, 164 Wiki networks and, 252–253 in-degree top five sites, 195
symmetric connections and, 151 Video. See also Healthcare reform video out-degree top five sites, 195–196
third-party programs, 144 networks; Makeup video network practicality of answering, 194
conferencing, 21 Whitelisting, 152–153, 153
U data importation, 231–232, 232f Who links to my organization’s web site?,
Unimodal network, 36–37, 80–81 network analysis, 238–245 186–194
Usenet newsgroups network attributes, 229–230, 230f basic visualization of, 189–190, 190f
as asynchronous threaded conversation, 17 network questions for analysis, 230–231 conclusions, 194
history surrounding, 129 as social sharing, 24 constructing network to answer, 187–194
User accounts feature, Wikipedia, 251, 252f sublayer of Youtube, 227–229 edges worksheet and, 190–191
User networks, Flickr, 209, 216–220 Viral videos, 226 filtering and, 192, 193f
analyzing, 212f Virtual Observatory for the Study of Online information rich visualization of, 192–193,
combining data from another network, 220 Networks (VOSON) Data Provider. See 193f
data preparation for, 217–218 also Create VOSDON database; What is introduction, 186
filter data/set visual properties for, 218f, network of this field/industry/sector?; preliminaries, 186–187, 186f, 187f
219 Who links to my organization’s web seed site promotion visualization and,
get user comments information in, 219 site? 191–192, 192f
identifying self vs. others’ comments, constructing network using, 187–194 topic drift and, 192
217–218, 217f example 1, 186–194 vertex color matching visualization of, 190,
importing, 211, 211f, 212f, 217 example 2, 194–196 191f
284 Index

Wiki networks. See also Article talk pages; Wikis channel page layout, 228f, 229
Encyclopedia Dramatica; Lostpedia; as collaborative authoring, 22 content networks and, 226
Project Chanology data challenges of, 248 content page layout of, 227, 227f
analysis issues surrounding, 248, 252–253 data collection techniques for, 269 ease of use of, 226
attributes in, 253 flexibility of, 248 friends and, 229
data challenges of, 248 history surrounding, 248 history of, 226
data collection techniques for, 269 introduction to, 248–249 introduction, 225–226
derived from edit records, 253, 254t key features of, 249–251 networks in, 229–230, 230f
edges in, 252–253 practitioner’s summary regarding, 269–270 popularity of, 226
from edit activity, 252–253 researcher’s agenda for, 270 practitioners summary on, 245
of general interest, 253 social media history and, 4 purpose of, 227
introduction to, 248–249 what are, 248 questions for analysis of, 230–231
practitioner’s summary regarding, Windows Search utility, 110, 111f researcher’s agenda, 245
269–270 World Wide Web, 21–22 social affinity networks and, 226–227
researcher’s agenda for, 270 social (users’ channels) sublayer of, 229
vertices in, 252 X structure of, 227–229
Wikipedia. See also Lostpedia X/Y coordinate mapping, 77–78, 77f, 78f subscribers and, 229
discussion feature of, 249–251, 251f users’ networks attributes, 230, 230f
everything is a page feature of, 251, 252f Y video networks attributes, 229–230,
history feature of, 249, 250f Youtube. See also Analyzing Youtube; 230f
key features of, 249–251 Healthcare reform video networks; video (content) sublayer of, 227–229
namespaces feature of, 249–251 Importing Youtube data; Makeup video what is, 226–227
popularity of, 248 network; User networks, Youtube; Video
typical page on, 249, 250f bulletin board, 229 Z
user accounts feature of, 251, 252f changing landscape of, 227 Zoom/scale sliders, 59