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ALV Reports in SAP Tutorial - ABAP List Viewer: Simple Report

This document provides an overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) reports in SAP, including simple reports, block reports, hierarchical reports, and display variants. ALV reports allow column alignment, sorting, filtering, subtotals, and totals to be implemented with less coding effort compared to building reports from scratch. The document describes the important function modules used to create each type of ALV report and customize display variants.

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448 views7 pages

ALV Reports in SAP Tutorial - ABAP List Viewer: Simple Report

This document provides an overview of ABAP List Viewer (ALV) reports in SAP, including simple reports, block reports, hierarchical reports, and display variants. ALV reports allow column alignment, sorting, filtering, subtotals, and totals to be implemented with less coding effort compared to building reports from scratch. The document describes the important function modules used to create each type of ALV report and customize display variants.

Uploaded by

venu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ALV Reports in SAP Tutorial -

ABAP List Viewer


The common desired  features of any  report are "column
alignment", sorting, filtering, subtotals, totals etc. To implement
these from scratch , a lot of coding effort  is to be put. To avoid that
we can use a concept called ABAP List Viewer (ALV).

In this tutorial you will learn:

 Simple Report
 Block Report
 Hierarchical Reports
 Display Variants

Each of these reports provide function modules which help in


producing desired output without much effort. Lets look at them in
detail -

Simple Report
Important function modules in these report are -

 Reuse_alv_fieldcatalog_merge
 Reuse_alv_list_display
 Reuse_alv_events_get
 Reuse_alv_grid_display
 Reuse_alv_commentary_write

REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE

This function module is used to populate a field catalog which is


essential to display the data in ALV.

If the output data is from a single dictionary table and all the
columns are selected, then we need not exclusively create the field
catalog. Its enough to mention the table name as a parameter
(I_structure_name) in the REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY. But in other
cases we need to create it.

Note : Fieldcatalog can be filled manually also by filling up all the


required details into the internal table

Important parameters in are:

1. Export:

 I_program_name : report id
 I_internal_tabname : the internal output table
 I_inclname : include or the report name where all the dynamic
forms are handled.

2. Changing

 ct_fieldcat : an internal table with the type


SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV which is declared in the type pool SLIS.

REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY

This is the function module which prints the data.

The important parameters are:

1. Export:

 I_callback_program : report id
 I_bypassing_buffer : 'X'
 I_buffer_active : ' '
 I_callback_pf_status_set : routine where a user can set his own
pf status or change the functionality of the existing pf status.
 I_callback_user_command : routine where the function codes
are handled.

 I_structure name : name of the dictionary table


 Is_Layout : structure to set the layout of the report
 It_fieldcat : internal table with the list of all fields and their
attributes which are to be printed (this table can be populated
automatically by the function)
 It_events : internal table with a list of all possible events of ALV
and their corresponding form names.

2. Tables:

 a. t_outtab : internal table with the data to be output

REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET:

Returns table of possible events for a a list type

1. Import:

Et_Events :The event table is returned with all possible CALLBACK


events for the specified list type (column 'NAME'). For events to be
processed by the Callback, their 'FORM' field must be filled. If the
field is initialized, the event is ignored. The entry can be read from
the event table, the field 'FORM' filled and the entry modified using
constants from the type pool SLIS.

2. Export:

I_list_type: 0 = simple list REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY

1 = hierarchical-sequential list  REUSE_ALV_HIERSEQ_LIST_DISPLAY

2 = simple block list REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_APPEND

3 = hierarchical-sequential block list  


REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_HS_APPEND

REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY

A new function from ABAP4.6 version, to display the results in grid


rather than a preview.

Parameters : same as reuse_alv_list_display

Note:Grid cannot handle high volumes. Functions like sort, scrolling


down consumes a lot of resources / time if the volume of data to be
displayed is high. There is no clear cut definition such that if the
amount of data is X go for list or grid  but the developer has to take
a call based on his experience. If not sure, then list is the better
option

REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE

This is used in the Top-of-page event to print the headings and other
comments for the list.

Important Parameters

 It_list_commentary : Internal table with the headings of the


type slis_t_listheader.

This internal table has three fields:

1. Typ : 'H' - header, 'S' - selection, 'A' - action


2. Key : only when typ is 'S'.
3. Info : the text to be printed

Block Report
This looks like a simple report but this report has the features of
sorting and filtering only.This report is used if you have to display
more than one report on the output. Technically speaking if you
have multiple internal table with data to be displayed as separate
blocks then we go for block report of ALV.

The important functions used for creating this report are:

 REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_INIT
 REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_APPEND
 REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_DISPLAY

REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_INIT

This function module is used to set the default gui status etc. The
parameters are similar to the one used in reuse_alv_list_display or
reuse_alv_grid_display

REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_APPEND
This function module adds the data to the block.

Important Parameters

1.Export :

 is_layout : layout settings for block


 it_fieldcat : field catalog
 I_tabname : internal table name with all all possible events

2.Tables :

 t_outtab : internal table with output data.

REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_DISPLAY

This function module display the list with data appended by the
above function.

Parameters : All the parameters are optional.

Hierarchical Reports
Hierarchical display is used for displaying data that are related. Like
sales order and item details. Here sales order details can be the
header data whereas them items in the sales order can be the item
data

The function module used for this is

REUSE_ALV_HIERSEQ_LIST_DISPLAY

Export:

 I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM
 I_CALLBACK_PF_STATUS_SET
 I_CALLBACK_USER_COMMAND
 IS_LAYOUT
 It_fieldcat
 It_events
 I_tabname_header : Name of the internal table in the program
containing the output data of the highest hierarchy level.
 I_tabname_item : Name of the internal table in the program
containing the output data of the lowest hierarchy level.
 Is_keyinfo : This structure contains the header and item table
field names which link the two tables (shared key).

Tables

 t_outtab_header : Header table with data to be output


 t_outtab_item : Name of the internal table in the program
containing the output data of the lowest hierarchy level.

All the definitions of internal tables, structures and constants are


declared in a type-pool called SLIS. This internal table can be
populated automatically by using
REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE'.

Display Variants
 Display variants are used to set the default properties of an alv
output like sort criteria, filtering criteria, totaling and
subtotaling etc
 Display variants can be user specific and standard (standard
variants can be used by any user )
 Kind of display variants that can be saved is controlled by the
parameter i_save that is passed in function modules 
reuse_alv_list_display / reuse_alv_grid_display
 You can provide an option on the selection screen to select
what display variant to be used

The common function modules related to selecting / validating


display variants are

1. Reuse_alv_variant_default_get
2. Reuse_alv_variant_f4
3. Reuse_alv_variant_existence

Thats all to ABAP- ALV programming!

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