Question Bank Operations Research

PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Question Bank

Subject: Operations research (171901) Semester: VIIth Sem.

Sr. Chapter –1 Basics of Operation Research Appr. Year of
No. Mark Exam
1 Explain definition & scope of operation research. 7 June 15
2 In brief, explain characteristics of operation research. 3 Dec 14
3 Write the definition of operation research given by author Churchman, Ackoff and 1 Dec 14
Arnoff.
4 State the phases of Operation Research. Discuss in brief the areas of application of 7 June 14
Operation Research.
5 What are phases of OR Project, explain in detail. 7 Dec 13
6 Write note on scope of Operation research in the various sector. 4 Dec 12
7 Discuss the Various phases in solving an Operation Research model. 7 Dec 11

Sr. Chapter –2 Linear Programming Appr. Year of

No. Mark Exam
1 State the general rules for formulating a dual LP problem from its Primal 3 June 15
2 Nachiketa corporation manufactures two products A1 & A2. The profit per units of two 4 June 15
products is Rs. 50 & Rs.60 respectively. Both the products require processing in three
machines. Below table indicates the available machine hours per week and time required
in each machine for one unit of machine A1 and A2. Formulate linear programming
problem.
3 Explain significance of any two assumption of LPP. 7 June 15
4. Use graphical method to solve the following LPP. 7 June 15
Maximize Z=17X1+15X2
Subject to 15X1+25X2≤375
24X1+11X2≤265
All X1,X2≥0
5 Write the dual of the following linear programming problem. 7 Dec 14
Minimize, Z = 20 X1+ 23 X2
Subjected to,
- 4X1 - X2 ≤ -8
5X1 - 3X2 = - 4
X1, X2 ≥ 0
Solve the Dual problem using simplex method and predict the value of variables X1, X2
from the solution of dual linear programming problem.
6 Optimum simplex table of the following linear programming problem has been given in 7 Dec 14
the table:-1.
Maximize, Z = 60 X1+ 20 X2 +80 X3
Subjected to,
6X1+3X2+5X3 ≤ 750
3X1+4X2+5X3 ≤ 600
X1, X2, X3 ≥ 0
Basic Variables X1 X2 X3 W1 W2
60 X1 1 -1/3 0 1/3 -1/3 50
80 X3 0 1 1 -1/5 2/5 90
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(i) If the RHS of the constraints changes to [750, 900]T, does it affect the optimum
solution? If yes, then find the optimum solution using sensitivity analysis approach.
(ii) If coefficient of X2 in the constraints change to [1, 1]T, does it affect the optimum
solution? If yes, obtain the optimum solution using sensitivity analysis approach.
(iii) If new constraint X1+X2+X3 ≤ 90 is added to the LP Problem, does it affect the
optimum solution? If yes, obtain the optimum solution using sensitivity analysis
approach.
7 Solve the following LPP by simple method : 7 June 14
Maximize Z = 3x1 + 2x2 subject to 2x1 + x2 < 5, x1 + x2 < 3 and x1and x2≥0
8 A coffee company mixes Brazilian, Columbian and African coffee to make two brands of 7 Dec 13
coffee plains A and B. The characteristics used in blending the coffee include strength,
acidity and caffine. The test result of the available supply of Brazilian, Columbian and
African coffee.
Price/kg Strength Acidity % coffine Supply
Available
Brazilian 60 6 4 2 50000
Columbia 70 8 3 2.5 30000
n
African 65 5 3.5 1.5 25000
The requirement for A and B coffee are given as below.
Plain Price/kg Min. Max. Max. Quantity
Coffee Strength Acidity %Coffine Demanded
A 75 6.5 3.8 2.2 65000
B 85 6.0 3.5 2 55000
Assume that 35000 kg of plains A and 25000 kg of plain B are to be sold formulate LPP.
9 Minimize z = -3x1 + x2 – 2x3 7 Dec 13
Subject to
x1 + 3x2 + x3 ≤ 5
2x1 – x2 + x3 ≥2
4x1 + 3x2 – 2x3 = 5
x1, x2, x3 ≥ 0
10 What do you mean by linear programming? 7 Dec 13
Define following terms: linear function, objective function, decision variable, constraints,
feasible solution, optimal solution.
11 Do as directed: 4 Dec 12
(i) What is the degeneracy in simplex method? How it can be resolved?
(ii) Illustrate graphically;
(a) No-feasible solution (b) Unbounded solution.
12 Find the maximum value of following LPP using graphical approach. 4 Dec 12
Z= -x1+2x2
Subject to Constraint.
-x1+3x2 ≤ 10
x1+x2 ≤ 6
x1-x2 ≤ 2
x1,x2 ≥ 0
13 Write down the dual of above LPP 2 Dec 12
14 Solve the following LPP using Penalty Method. 10 Dec 12
Maximize Z = 3x1-x2
Subject to Constraint
2x1+x2 ≤ 2
x1+3x2 ≥ 3
x2 ≤ 4
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x1,x2 ≥ 0
15 A firm manufactures two product A & B on which the profit earned per unit are Rs. 3 and 10 Dec 12
Rs.4, respectively. Each product is processed on two machines M1 and M2. Product A
requires one minute of processing time on M1 and two minutes on M2, while product B
requires one minute of processing time on M1 and one minute on M2. Machine M1 is
available for not more than 7 hrs and 30 minutes, while machine M2 is available for 10hrs
during any working day. Find
(i) Formulate the problem as LPP
(ii) Solve the above LPP using Simplex method
16 Explain significance of any two assumptions of Linear Programming 7 June 12
Problem (LPP).
A small fabrication industry is faced with a problem of scheduling production and
subcontracting for three products A, B and C. Each product requires casting, machining
and assembly operations. Casting operation for product A and B can be subcontracted but
product C requires special tooling hence it can not be subcontracted. Each unit of product
A, B and C requires 6, 10 and 8 minutes of casting time in the foundry shop of a
company. Machining times per unit of products A, B and C are 6, 3 and 8 minutes while
assembly times are 3, 2 and 2 minutes respectively. The time available per week in
foundry, machining and assembly shop are 8000, 12000 and 10000 minutes respectively.
If product A, B and C are produced completely in the company, the overall profits per unit
of product are Rs. 700, Rs. 1000 and Rs. 1100 respectively. When castings are obtained
from subcontractors, the profit per unit of product A and B are Rs. 500 and 900
respectively. Formulate above problem as LPP so as to maximize the profit for company
by scheduling its production and subcontracting.
17 Solve the following LPP using Simplex Method; 7 June 12
Maximize Z=6x1+4x2
Subject to
2x1+3x2≤30
3x1+2x2≤24
x1+x2≥3
x1,x2≥0
18 What do you mean by Infeasibility and Unboundness in LPP? How are the following 3 June 12
issues identified from the simplex tableau?
19 Construct the dual of following Primal Problem; 4 June 12
Minimize Z=5x1-6x2+4x3
Subject to
3x1+4x2+6x3 ≥ 9;
x1+3x2+2x3 ≥ 5;
7x1-2x2-x3 ≤ 10;
x1-2x2+4x3 ≥ 4;
2x1+5x2-3x3 = 9;
x1,x2,x3 ≥ 0
20 The following tableau for a maximization type LPP is produced after few iterations of 7 June 12
simplex method;
8.5 10.5 0 0 0
Mix Qty(bi) X1 X2 S1 S2 S3
X2 300 0 1 3/5 -2/5 0
X1 300 1 0 -2/5 3/5 0
S3 400 0 0 -1/5 -1/5 1
Answer the following questions with brief reasons from above table;
i. Does the tableau represent an optimal solution? If not, carry out
necessary iterations and obtain an optimal solution.
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Question Bank Operations Research

ii. Is this solution degenerate?

iii. Are there more than single optimal solution to above problem?
iv. What are the shadow prices or dual values of resources?
v. What is optimum objective function value for the problem?
vi. If S1 represent the slack for production capacity constraint, how
much should company be willing to pay for each additional unit of
production capacity?
21 Use graphical method to solve the following LP problems 7 Dec 11
Maximize Z=2X1+X2
Subject to the constraints
X1+2X2 ≤ 10
X1+X2 ≤ 6
X1-X2 ≤ 2
X1-2X2 ≤ 1
X1,X2 ≥ 0
22 An advertising company wishes to plan an advertising campaign in three different media: 7 Dec 11
television, radio and a magazine. The purpose of the advertising is to reach as many
potential customers as possible. Following are the result of a market study:
Television
Radio Magazine
Prime Prime
(Rs.) (Rs.)
Day (Rs.) Time (Rs.)
Cost of an
40,000 75,000 30,000 15,000
advertising unit
Number of
potential
4,00,000 9,00,000 5,00,000 2,00,000
customer
reached/unit
Number of
women customer 3,00,000 4,00,000 2,00,000 1,00,000
reached/unit
The company does not want to spend more than Rs.8,00,000 on
advertising. It is further required that
(i) at least 20,00,000 exposures take place among women
(ii) advertising on television be limited to Rs. 5,00,000
(iii) at least 3 advertising units be bought on prime day and two units during prime time;
(iv) the number of advertising units on radio and magazine should each be between 5 and
10. Formulate this problem as an L.P. model to maximize potential customer reach
23 State the general rules for formulating a dual LP problem from its primal. 7 Dec 11
Write the dual to the following LP problem.
Maximize Z = X1-X2+3X3
Subject to Constraints
X1 + X2 + X3 <= 10
2X1 - 0X2 - X3 <= 2
2X1 -2X2 -3 X3 <= 6
and X1 , X2 , X3 >= 0
24 Use the simplex method to solve the following L.P. problem 7 Dec 11
Max (Total Profit) Z= 4X1+ 3X2
Subject to Constraints
2X1 + X2 <= 1000
X1 + X2 <= 800
X1 <= 400
X2 <= 700 and X1 , X2 >= 0
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Sr. Chapter –3 Transportation Model Appr. Year of

No. Mark Exam
1 Distinguish between transportation & transshipment problems in detail. 7 June 15
2 Company has factories A1, A2 & A3 which supply to warehouses at W1, W2 & 7 June 15
W3.Weekly factory capacities are 240,200&130 units respectively. Weekly warehouses
requirements are 190,150&110 units respectively. Unit transportation in costs Rs. As
follows:- Find I.B.S. BY VAM method & Optimum solution BY MODI method.
W1 W2 W3 Supply
A1 16 20 12 240
A2 14 8 18 200
A3 26 24 16 130
Demand 190 150 110 450
3 Give different practical applications of transportation problem. 7 June 15
4 Obtain an I.B.F.S. to the following transportation problem using N-W Corner method.& 7 June 15
Optimum solution BY STEPPING STONE method.
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Supply
P1 1 3 2 4 8
P2 5 4 2 0 10
P3 0 3 3 1 12
Demand 4 5 8 5
5 A Manufacturer wants to ship 8 loads of his product as shown in following matrix. The 7 Dec 14
matrix gives the mileage from origins, O to the destinations, D. The shipping cost is Rs.
10 per load per mile. What will be the optimal schedule and optimal cost? Use Vogel’s
approximation method to find initial basis feasible solution and MODI method to obtain
optimal solution.
D1 D2 D3 Supply
O1 50 30 220 1
O2 90 45 170 3
O3 250 200 50 4
Demand 4 2 2
6 A school wants to pick up students from five different areas. Cost in rupees of going from 7 June 14
one area to another is shown in table. Find the optimal route to the bus drive such that no
repetition of the area comes before picking up students from all areas.
I II III IV V
I 0 30 60 80 20
II 70 0 40 90 30
III 90 80 0 50 80
IV 130 50 70 0 60
V 20 40 30 90 0
7 Solve the cargo loading problem with following data and maximum weight capacity is 7 June 14
five.
Item (n) Weight (Wn) Return (Rn)
1 1 3
2 2 7
3 3 10
8 Consider the transportation problem shown in table below. Find the initial basic feasible 7 Dec 13
solution using Northwest corner method.
1 2 3 4 5 Supply
Plant 1 20 4 32 28 20 3000
2 12 36 24 26 31 5000
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Sr. Chapter –3 Transportation Model Appr. Year of

No. Mark Exam
3 16 8 28 24 20 8250
4 28 44 40 16 36 3750
Demand 3500 4000 2500 1500 4000
9 Solve the above problem by Least cost cell method. 7 Dec 13
10 Find the optimal solution of the following transportation problem using MODI method. 9 Dec 12
Use VAM to find IBFS.
M1 M2 M3 M4 Supply
F1 3 2 4 1 20
F2 2 4 5 3 15
F3 3 5 2 6 25
F4 4 3 1 4 40
Demand 30 20 25 25
11` A transport company has 5, 10, 7 and 3 trucks available at four different sites A, B, C and 7 June 12
D. Its customers have requirement of 5, 8 and 10 trucks at three different destinations X,
Y and Z respectively. The distance (in kms.) from an origin to destination is summarized
in following table.
Customers
Sites
X Y Z
A 70 30 60
B 40 60 80
C 50 80 40
D 80 40 30
Formulate above problem as a transportation problem and determine strategy for a
company using VAM. Test the optimality of VAM solution and determine optimum
strategy for the transport company.
12 What is degeneracy in transportation problems? Explain how to resolve degeneracy in a 7 Dec 11
transportation problem.
13 A company has factories at F1, F2 and F3 which supply to warehouses at W1, W2, W3. 7 Dec 11
Weekly factory capacities are 200 ,160 and 90 units, respectively. Weekly warehouses
requirement are 180,120 and 150 units, respectively. Unit shipping costs(in Rs.) are as
follows. Determine the optimal distribution to minimize total transportation cost.
Warehouse
Factory
W1 W2 W3 Supply
F1 16 20 12 200
F2 14 8 18 160
F3 26 24 16 90
Demand 180 120 150 450

Sr. Chapter –4 Assignment Model Appr. Year of

No. Mark Exam
1 Solve the following assignment problem by minimization method. 7 June 15
I II III IV V
M1 12 5 9 18 11
M2 13 7 6 12 14
M3 3 2 3 4 5
M4 18 9 12 16 15
M5 12 6 14 19 10
2 A student of engineering wants to appear in the three competitive exam and he has three 6 Dec 14
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Question Bank Operations Research

days left before examination. He wants to revise the whole syllabus of the subjects before
examination by devoting a single day, two days or not a single day to any subject based
on given estimate of expected grade points as shown in matrix. How he should plan his
study?
Subjects
Days I II III
0 0 1 0
1 1 1 1
2 1 3 4
3 3 4 3
3 The owner of a small machine shop has four machinists available. To assign jobs for the 7 Dec 14
days. Five jobs are offered with the expected profit in rupees for each machinist on each
job has been shown in matrix below. Find the assignment of machinists to jobs that will
result in a maximum profit. Which job should be declined?
Jobs
A B C D E
1 6.20 7.80 5.00 10.10 8.20
Machinis

2 7.10 8.40 6.10 7.30 5.90

t

3 8.70 9.20 11.10 7.10 8.10

4 4.80 6.40 8.70 7.70 8.00
4 A company is facing the problem of assigning six different machines to five different 7 Dec 14
jobs. The estimated costs are given in matrix as below.
Jobs
1 2 3 4 5
1 2.5 5 1 6 1
2 2 5 1.5 7 3
Machine

3 3 6.5 2 8 3
4 3.5 7 2 9 4.5
5 4 7 3 9 6
6 6 9 5 10 6

Solve the problem assuming that the objective function is to minimize total cost. Is there
any alternate optimal solution exist? If yes, then find the possible alternate solution.
5 Company wants to find out the minimum time require to complete four tasks by available 7 June 14
four workers with him so that he can take another from the order party. Following table
gives the time in hours for each workers for each job.
A B C D
1 24 10 21 11
2 14 22 10 15
3 15 17 20 19
4 11 19 14 13
6 Consider the assignment problem shown in table below. In the problem 5 different jobs 7 Dec 13
are to be assigned to 5 different operators such that the total processing time is minimized.
The matrix entries represent processing times in
Hours. Develop a zero-one programming model.
1 2 3 4 5
1 20 24 30 24 16
2 14 32 28 28 22
3 26 28 14 18 18
4 24 20 22 26 20
5 16 26 30 22 30
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7 Solve above problem with Hungerian method 7 Dec 13

8 Classify the Assignment problems in detail. 2 Dec 12
9 The captain of cricket team has to allot five middle batting positions to five batsmen. The 8 Dec 12
average runs scored by each batsman at these positions are as follows:
Batsmen Batting Position
I II III IV V
P 40 40 35 25 50
Q 42 30 16 25 27
R 50 48 40 60 50
S 20 19 20 18 25
T 58 60 59 55 53
Find the assignment of batsmen to positions which would give the maximum number of
run.
10 The captain of a cricket team has to allot five middle order batting 7 June 12
positions to six batsmen available for selection. The average runs scored by each batsmen
at these positions are summarized in a table below
Batting Position
Batsman
III IV V VI VII
A 40 40 35 25 50
B 42 30 16 25 27
C 50 48 40 60 50
D 20 19 20 18 25
E 58 60 59 55 53
F 45 52 38 50 49
Using Assignment model, determine the assignment of batsmen to positions which would
give maximum runs in favor of team. Which batsmen will not qualify for selection based
on the solution obtained?
11 A solicitors’ firm employs typists on hourly piece-rate basis for daily work. There are five 7 June 12
typists available with hourly charges and speed mentioned in table below.
Typist A B C D E
Rate per hour 5 6 3 4 4
No. of Pages 12 14 8 10 11
There are five jobs available to the firm and it wishes to allocate one job to one typist
only. The typist is paid for full hour even if he works for fraction of an hour. The details
of job are given in table below.
Job P Q R S T
No. of Pages 199 175 145 298 178
Find least cost allocation for the firm using Assignment model.
12 A computer centre has three expert programmers. The centre wants three application 7 Dec 11
programs to be developed. The head of the computer centre, after studying carefully the
programs to be developed, estimates the computer time in minutes required by the experts
for the application programs as follows.
Programmers
Programs
A B C
1 120 100 80
2 80 90 110
3 110 140 120
Assign the programmers to the programs in such a way that the total computer time is
minimum.

Sr. Chapter –5 Games Theory Appr. Year of

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 Question Bank Operations Research

No. Mark Exam

1 Solve the following game whose payoff matrix is given below 7 June 15
Player B
Player A I II
I 1 8
II 6 2
2 Determine the approximate solution of following game problem (do minimum 10 7 Dec 14
iteration)
B
1 2 3 4
1 3 2 4 0
2 3 4 2 4
A
3 4 2 4 0
4 0 4 0 8
3 For a game shown below, if X1 : X2 = (1/2) : (2/3) and Y1 : Y 2 = (3/4) : (1/4). Find 7 Dec 14
expected pay off. Are these strategies optimal for player I and II? Why?
II
1 4
I
3 2
4. Reduce following matrix by rule of dominance 7 June 14
Player
B1 B2 B3 B4
A1 6 4 8 0
Player

A2 6 8 4 8
A3 8 4 8 0
A4 0 8 0 16
5. Two companies are thinking on selecting the advertising media. There are three medias 7 June 14
available along with the pay of as shown in the pay of matrix.
TV Radio Internet
TV 150 200 -400
Player A Radio 0 75 -100
Internet 450 100 250
Value is in gain sales in (1000 rupees) suggest optimal strategy for the marketing and find
out the value of the game.
6. Solve the below game theory problem with the concept of dominance method. 7 Dec 13
PLAYER B
PLAYER A I II III IV
I 3 5 4 2
II 5 6 2 4
III 2 1 4 0
IV 3 3 5 2
7 Determine the solution of game for the pay-off matrix given below. 7 Dec 13
PLAYER B
PLAYER A I II III
I -3 -1 7
II 4 1 -2
8 Explain the following term in the context of game theory 2 Dec 12
(a) Saddle Point (b) Two person Zero-sum game
9 Solve the following game by using Dominance method. 7 Dec 12
Player B

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 Question Bank Operations Research

B1 B2 B3
A1 4 5 8
Player A A2 6 4 6
A3 4 2 4
10 What do you understand by ‘zero-sum’ in the context of game theory? 7 June 12
Explain the meaning following terms used in game theory;
i. Saddle Point
ii. Pure Strategy
iii. Mixed Strategy
11 What is ‘dominance rule’ in game theory? How can a ‘two person-zero sum game’ 7 June 12
problem be converted into LP problem? Illustrate with example.
12 A company management and the labour union are negotiating a new three year settlement. 7 Dec 11
Each of these has 4 strategies:
I: Hard and aggressive bargaining
II: Reasoning and logical approach
III: Legalistic strategy
IV: Conciliatory approach
The cost to the company is given in the following table for every pair of strategy choice.
What strategy will the two sides adopt? Also determine the value of the game.
Union Company Strategies
Strategies I II III IV
I 20 15 12 35
II 25 14 8 10
III 40 2 10 5
IV -5 4 11 0

Sr. Chapter- 6 Replacement Models Appr. Year of

No. Mark Exam
1 A firm is considering replacement of a machine whose cost price is Rs.12200& the scrap 7 June 15
value Rs.200.The running costs are found from experience to be as follows. When should
the machine be replaced?
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Running Cost 200 600 700 100 120 180 250 400
0 0 0 0 0
2 Explain importance of replacement in brief. 2 Dec 14
3 The value of the money is 10 % per year. Machine-1 is to be replaced every 3 years and 5 Dec 14
Machine -2 is to be replaced for every 6 years with yearly expenditure as given below.
Which machine costs less?
Expenditure (in rupees)
Year Machine-1 Machine-2
1 2000 3400
2 400 200
3 800 400
4 -- 600
5 -- 800
6 -- 1000
4 Explain in brief the reason for replacement. 3 Dec 14
5 As new automobile vehicle costs of Rs. 10000 and it can be sold at the end of any year 4 Dec 14
with the selling price as shown below. The operating and maintenance cost are given year
wise in following table. Find when the automobile vehicle needs to be replaced because of
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wear and tear.

Expenditure (in rupees)
Operating and
Selling Price
Year maintenance
(Rs.)
cost (Rs.)
1 7000 1000
2 5000 1600
3 3000 1800
4 2000 2500
5 1000 3000
6 500 3500
6 A person is planning to purchase a car. A new car is costing rupees 3 lacs. The resale 7 June 14
value of the car at the end of the year is 85 % of the previous year. Maintenance and repair
cost during the first year are rupees 10000 and they increase by 15 % every year. The
minimum resale value of the car can be rupees 75000. (a) When should the car be replaced
to minimize average annual cost? (b) If interest rate of 12 % is assumed, calculate the
average cost at the end of 10 years
7 The initial cost of a machine is Rs 71000 and scrape value is Rs 1000. The maintenance 7 Dec 13
costs found from experience are as below.
Find when should the machine be replaced?
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Maintenance 200 350 500 700 100 130 170 210
0 0 0 0 00 00 00 00
8 A machine cost Rs 500. Operation and maintenance cost are zero for the first year and 7 Dec 12
increases by Rs. 100 every year. If money is worth 5% every year, determine the best age
at which the machine should be replaced. The resale value of the machine is negligibly
small. What is the weighted average cost of owning and operating the machine?
9 Following Failure rates have been observed for certain type of light bulbs. 7 June 12
Month 1 2 3 4 5
% of items failing by end of 10 25 50 80 100
month
There are total 1000 bulbs in use and it costs Rs. 10 to replace an
individual bulb which has fused out. If all bulbs are replaced
simultaneously, it would cost Rs. 4 per bulb. Two policies are being
considered for replacement of bulbs; First, replace all bulbs
simultaneously at fixed interval whether failed or not and do individual replacement in
intermediate periods. Secondly, individual replacement of bulbs as and when it fails.
Determine the optimum policy for replacement of bulbs based on above failure data and
costs.
10 An electronic item contains 10000 resistors. When any resistor fails, it is replaced. The 7 June 12
cost of replacing a resistor individually is Rs. 1 only. If all resistors are replaced at the
same time, the cost per resistor reduces to 35 paisa. The probability of failure of a resistor
by the end of month is given in table below.
Month 1 2 3 4 5 6
Probability of items failing by 0.03 0.07 0.2 0.4 0.15 0.15
end of month
Two policies are being considered for replacement of resistors; First, replace all items
simultaneously at fixed interval whether failed or not and do individual replacement in
intermediate periods. Secondly, individual replacement of items as and when it fails.
Determine optimum policy for replacement of bulbs based on above failure data and costs.
11 A firm is considering replacement of a machine, whose cost price is Rs. 12,200 and the 7 Dec 11
scrap value Rs. 200. The running costs are found from experience to be as follows.
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Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Running Cost
200 500 800 1200 1800 2500 3200 4000
(Rs.)
When should the machine be replaced?

Sr. Chapter – 7 Queuing Models Appr. Year of

No. Mark Exam
1 On an average 95 patients per 24 hrs. day require the service of an emergency clinic. Also 7 June 15
on the average, a patient requires 12 minutes of an active attention. Assume that the
facility can handle only one emergency at a time. Suppose that it cost the clinic Rs.100
per patient treated to obtain an average servicing of 10 minutes & that minute of
decreasing in this average time would cost Rs. 10 per patient treated. How much would
have to be budgeted by the clinic to decrease the average size of the queue from one to
one third patients to half a patient.
2 Automobile arrives at a petrol pump having one petrol unit in poisson fashion with an 4 Dec 14
average of 10 units per hour. The service time is distributed exponentially with a mean of
3 min. Find following:-
a. Average number of unit in system
b. Average waiting time for customer in queue.
c. Probability that number of units in system is 2.
d. Probability that waiting time exceeds 30 min.
3 Explain Kendall’s notation for representing Queuing model. 3 Dec 14
4 A copy maker has one copy making machine and he operates as the order comes. The 7 June 14
order arrival is poison distribution having interval time of 0.5 min. The average time to
serve a copy is distributed with mean of 0.3 min. Determine the following: (1) Utilization
factor of the machine (2) Idle time for machine in a day having working hours of 10 hours
(3) No of persons waiting in the system (4) No of persons waiting in the queue (5)
Average waiting time in the queue.
5 Customers arrive at a one window drive according to the poisons distribution with the 7 Dec 13
mean of 10 minutes and service time per customer is exponential with mean of 6 minutes.
The space in front of the window can accommodate only three vehicles including the
serviced one. Other vehicles have to wait outside the space. Calculate
- Probability that an arriving customer can drive directly to the space in
front of the window
- Probability that an arriving customer will have to wait outside the directed space
- How long an arriving customer is expected to wait before getting the
service?
6 A chemical company distributes its products by trucks loaded at its only loading station 6 Dec 12
and loading station is working 24 hours, continuously. Both company’s trucks and
contractor’s trucks are used for this purpose. It was find out that on an average 10 minutes
one truck arrived and average loading time was 6 minute. If 50% trucks are contractor’s
trucks find (i) Traffic intensity factor, (ii) Weighting time of trucks in system, (iii) The
expected weighting time of contractor’s trucks per day.
7 Explain the various elements of queuing system. 7 Dec 12
8 Arrival rate of telephone calls at a telephone booth follows Poisson 7 June 12
distribution with an average time of 9 minutes between two consecutive calls. The length
of telephone call is assumed to be exponentially distributed with mean of 3 minutes.
i. Determine the probability that a person arriving at the telephone
booth have to wait.
ii. Find the average queue length that is formed from time to time.
iii. The telephone company will install a second booth when convinced that an arrival
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 Question Bank Operations Research

would expect to have to wait at least four minutes for the phone. Find increase in rate of
arrival which will justify a second booth.
9 Explain in brief the main characteristics of the queuing system. 7 Dec 11
10 A self service store employs one cashier at its counter ,Nine customers arrive on an 7 Dec 11
average every 5 minutes while the cashier can serve 10 customers in 5 minutes. Assuming
Poisson distribution for arrival rate and exponential distribution for service rate, find
1. Average number of customers in the system
2. Average number of customers in queue
3. Average time a customer spends in the system
4. Average time a customer waits before being served.

Sr. Chapter – 8 Inventory Models Appr. Year of

No. Mark Exam
1 The production department for a company requires 3500kg.of row material for 7 June 15
manufacturing a particular item per year. It has been estimated that the cost of placing an
order is Rs.35& the cost of carrying inventory is 25 percentage of the investment in the
inventories. The price is Rs.10 per kg.The purchase manager wishes to determine an
ordering policy for raw material. Calculate (1)The optimal lot size(2)The minimum yearly
variable inventory cost(3)The optimal order cycle time(4)The minimum yearly total
inventory cost.
2 Derive the expression of optimal production lot size and optimum level of shortage for the 7 Dec 14
inventory model with gradual supply and shortage is allowed.
3 Explain ABC analysis. 7 Dec 14
4 From the following given data find out shortage cost for the item. C1 = Rs.900/- and 7 June 14
critical probability = 0.70
Units Stocked 50 58 65 70 75
Probability 0.2 0.25 0.14 0.34 0.07
5 Explain the following terms in connection with inventory management. (1) Re-order point 7 June 14
(2) Safety stock (3) Lead time (4) Economic lot size (5) Carrying cost.
6 The annual demand of a product is 15,000 units. Each unit cost Rs.50/- if the orders are 7 June 14
placed in quantity below 150 units. For order of 200 and above the unit prize is Rs.44/-.
Assume inventory holding cost is 12% of the value of item and ordering cost is Rs.2/- per
order find the economic lot size.
7 A company is presently buying an item of worth Rs.90,000/- from a supplier at an optimal 7 June 14
purchasing policy at a discount of 1%. Presently the ordering cost is Rs.100/- per order
and 20% as inventory handling cost of the average inventory level. The company receives
another two offers from the other suppliers. First supplier offers 5% discount if the order
is placed twice a year and second supplier offers 3% discount if the order is placed
quarterly a year. Which offer the company should accept?
8 Inventory control manager of a firm has collected the following data on one item 7 Dec13
- Minimum total cost per annum = Rs. 16000
- Inventory holding cost per unit per year = Rs. 4
- No of order per year = 10
- Price per unit = Rs. 25
Calculate annual demand of the item, procurement cost per order, inventory carrying cost
as a percentage of average inventory investment and economic order quantity (EOQ)
9 In a firm, the demand for a certain item is random. It has been established that the 7 Dec 13
monthly demand of an item has a normal distribution with a mean of 1000 and a standard
deviation of 150 units. The unit price of an item is Rs 20/-. The ordering cost is Rs 40/-,
the inventory carrying cost is estimated to be 15% per annum respectively. The
procurement lead time is constant and is two months. Find the most economic ordering
policy and the expected cost of controlling inventory given that the service level is 95%.
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 Question Bank Operations Research

10 State the name of method which divides inventories in to three classes and describe it in 5 Dec 12
detail.
11 The following information is provided for an item: 7 Dec 12
Annual usage = 1200, Ordering cost = Rs 60 per order, Carrying costs 10%, Unit cost of
item = Rs 10, and lead time 10 days.
Find (i) EOQ (ii) Number of order per years (iii) Average usage if there are 300 working
days per year (iv) Safety stock if highest usage rate is 70 units per day (v) R. O. L (vi)
Average inventory (vii) Inventory carrying cost per year.
12 Explain the meaning of following items in inventory management; 3 June 12
a. Re-order Level
b. Buffer Stock
13 A purchase manager has decided to place an order for a minimum 4 June 12
quantity of 500 units of a particular item of inventory in order to get
discount of 10%. Past records reveal that 8 orders (each of 200 units) were placed last
year. Given ordering cost = Rs. 500 per year,
Inventory carrying cost = 40% of inventory value and price of item =Rs. 400 per unit.
What is the effect of this decision on company?
14 Explain clearly with suitable examples the different costs that are involved in the 7 Dec 11
inventory problems.
15 The production department for a company requires 3,600 Kg of raw 7 Dec 11
material for manufacturing a particular item per year. It has been estimated that the cost of
placing an order is Rs. 36 and the cost of carrying inventory is 25 per cent of the
investment in the inventories .The price is Rs. 10 per Kg. The purchase manager wishes to
determine an ordering policy for raw material. Calculate (1) The optimal lot size (2) The
optimal order cycle time (3) The minimum yearly variable inventory cost (4) The
minimum yearly total inventory cost

Sr. Chapter – 9 Network Analysis Appr. Year of

No. Mark Exam
1 A Project is represented by the Network shown below & has the following data. 7 June 15
Determine(1)Expected Time &Variance(2)Earliest & Latest times to reach each
event.(3)The critical path
Task A B C D E F G H I
Optimistic 5 18 26 16 15 6 7 7 3
Time
Pessimistic 10 22 40 20 25 12 12 9 5
Time
Most Likely 8 20 33 18 20 9 10 8 4
Time
2 The activities A to H of a new project having relationships and timings shown in table 7 Dec 14
below.
Duration in Days Relationship
between
Activities
Activity t0 tm tp A<C, D
A 2 2 8 B<E
B 2 5 8 C<F
C 3 6 15 D<F
D 2 5 14 E,F<H
E 1 1 7
F 2 2 8

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Question Bank Operations Research

G 2 2 8
H 2 5 14
1. Draw the network
2. Find the critical path and expected time of completion of the project.
3. What will be the standard deviation of the project completion duration?
4. What will be the probability of completing the project in expected time of
completion?
3 Following table shows jobs, normal and crash time, normal and crash cost of a project. 7 Dec 14
Indirect cost for the project is 300 Rs./day.
Normal Normal Crash Crash
Jobs
Time Cost Time Cost
i-j
(Days) (Rs.) (Days) (Rs.)
1-2 6 1400 4 1900
1-3 8 2000 5 2800
2-3 4 1100 2 1500
2-4 3 800 2 1400
3-4 -- -- -- --
2-5 6 900 3 1600
4-6 10 2500 6 3500
5-6 3 500 2 800
(i) Draw the network and find the critical path.
(ii) What is normal duration and cost of project.
(iii) Find optimal cost and duration.
4 Consider the following given data and based on that find out critical path for the given 7 June 14
project.
Activity 1-2 1-3 2-4 3-4 3-5 3-6 4-6 5-6
Time in 6 9 3 4 8 12 7 1
day
5 Explain the term crashing of network. Why it is required? 7 June 14
6 A small project is composed of 7 activities whose time estimates are listed in the table 7 Dec 13
below. Activities are identified by their beginning (i) and ending (j) node numbers
Activity Estimated Duration (weeks)
(i-j) Optimistic Most Likely Pessimistic
1-2 1 1 7
1-3 1 4 7
1-4 2 2 8
2-5 1 1 1
3-5 2 5 14
4-6 2 5 8
5-6 3 6 15
- Draw the network diagram of activities in the project
- Find the expected duration and variance of each activity. What is the expected project
length?
- Calculate the variance and standard deviation of the project length.
7 What is CPM and PERT.? Discuss significance of using CPM and PERT. 7 Dec 13
8 Define following terms with respect to CPM/PERT : event, merge event, burst event, 7 Dec 13
activity, processor activity, successor activity, dummy activity
9 The details of activity in project management are given below. 8 Dec 12
Normal Crash
Activity
Time(days) Cost (Rs.) Time(days) Cost (Rs.)
1-2 3 300 2 400
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Question Bank Operations Research

2-3 6 480 4 520

2-4 7 2100 5 2500
2-5 8 400 6 600
3-4 4 320 3 360
4-5 5 500 4 520
Find (i) Critical path & Project duration
(ii) Optimum project cost with considering indirect cost is 100 Rs/day
10 The details of activity and duration are shown below. 5 Dec 12
Activity Immediate predecessor activity Duration (Days)
A - 10
B A 5
C A 4
D A 7
E B,C 6
F C,D 4
G E,F 7
Find (i) Draw a network
(ii) Find the critical path
(iii) Project Duration
11 What is the meaning float in project management? State the various types float. 2 Dec 12
12 A small project is composed of 7 activities whose time estimates are listed in the table 7 June 12
below. Activities are identified by their beginning and ending node numbers.
Activity 1-2 1-3 1-4 2-5 3-5 4-6 5-6
Time Optimistic 1 1 2 1 2 2 3
Estimates Most Likely 1 4 2 1 5 5 6
(weeks) Pessimistic 7 7 8 1 14 8 15
i. Draw the project network.
ii. Find the expected duration and variance for each activity.
iii. What is the expected project length and standard deviation?
iv. What is the probability that the project will be completed 3 weeks later than the
expected time?
13 The time estimates and precedence relationships of different activities constituting a small 7 June 12
construction project is given in following table;
Activity A B C D E F G H I
Predecessor - - B B A A F C,E,G F
Duration (Days) 3 8 6 5 13 4 2 6 2
i. Draw the project network.
ii. Determine project completion time.
iii. What is critical path?
14 Listed in the table are the activities and sequencing necessary for a maintenance job on the 7 Dec 11
heat exchangers in a refinery. Draw a network diagram for the project.
Predecessor
Activity Description
Activity
A Dismantle pipe connections -
Dismantle heater, closure and
B A
floating front
C Remove tube bundle B
D Clean bolts B
Clean heater and floating head
E B
front
F Clean tube bundle C
G Clean shell C
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 Question Bank Operations Research

H Replace tube bundle F,G

I Prepare shell pressure test D,E,H
Prepare tube pressure test and
J I
reassemble

Sr. Chapter – 10 Simulation Appr. Year of

No. Mark Exam
1 Explain steps in Monte Carlo simulation process. 7 June 15
2 Explain in brief Monte Carlo simulation 3 Dec 14
3 Generate random numbers using (1) Mixed congruence method and (2) Additive 4 Dec 14
congruence method for the data: r0 = 2, a = 14, b = 12 and m = 32.
4 Explain Monte Carlo simulation Procedure. Also discuss its application with Suitable 7 June 14
example.
5 A utensil manufacturing company manufactures around 140 units of utensils. Depending 7 June 14
upon the availability of raw material and other conditions the daily production has been
varying from 136 units of utensils to 144 units of utensils whose probability is as given
below.
Production 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144
per day
Probability 0.03 0.06 0.14 0.13 0.22 0.16 0.12 0.08 0.06
Random Numbers:84,72,28,52,38,65,13,79,27,54,01
6 What is the simulation? Classify the simulation model? Explain the general Simulation 6 Dec 12
methodology.
7 What is simulation? What are different phases of simulation process? Differentiate 7 June 12
between deterministic and stochastic simulation models. What are the advantages and
limitations of simulation?
8 What are the advantages and limitation of simulation models. 7 Dec 11

Sr. Chapter – 11 Dynamic Programming Appr. Year of

No. Mark Exam
1 What is dynamic programming? Discuss the similarities between dynamic & linear 7 June 15
programming. How it differs from linear programming?
2 Using dynamic programming solve the following L.P.P., 4 Dec 14
Maximize, Z = X1+ 9 X2
Subjected to,
X2 ≤ 11
2X1+X2 ≤ 25
X1, X2 ≥ 0
3 Do as directed with reference to dynamic programming 7 Dec 12
(i) Explain the terms: State, Stage and Policy
(ii) Explain Bellman’s Principle of Optimality
(iii) Explain: Transformation function and Return function
4 How is dynamic programming problem different from LPP? Explain the meaning of 7 June 12
following terms used in dynamic programming;
i. Stages
ii. States
iii. Principle of optimality
5 Define the following dynamic programming terms: 7 Dec 11
(i) Stage (ii) State Variable (iii) Decision Variable (iv) Immediate Return (v) Optimal
Return (vi) State transformation fuction

17 Jalpa Zalawadia