1MRS752306-MUM Inrush3

Issued: 10/1997
Version: F/27.3.2002
Three-Phase Transformer Inrush and
Data subject to change without notice Motor Start-Up Current Detector

Contents
1. Introduction .............................................................................................. 2

1.1 Features.............................................................................................. 2
1.2 Application........................................................................................... 2
1.3 Input description.................................................................................. 3
1.4 Output description ............................................................................... 3

2. Description of Operation.......................................................................... 4
2.1 Configuration....................................................................................... 4
2.2 Measuring mode ................................................................................. 4
2.2.1 Transformer inrush mode ........................................................... 4
2.2.2 Motor start-up mode................................................................... 5
2.3 Operation criteria................................................................................. 5
2.3.1 Transformer inrush mode ........................................................... 5
2.3.2 Motor start-up mode................................................................... 6
2.4 Setting groups ..................................................................................... 7
2.5 Test mode ........................................................................................... 7
2.6 START output ..................................................................................... 8
2.7 Resetting............................................................................................. 8
3. Parameters and Events ............................................................................ 9
3.1 General ............................................................................................... 9
3.2 Setting values.................................................................................... 10
3.2.1 Actual settings.......................................................................... 10
3.2.2 Setting group 1......................................................................... 10
3.2.3 Setting group 2......................................................................... 10
3.2.4 Control settings ........................................................................ 11
3.3 Measurement values ......................................................................... 11
3.3.1 Input data ................................................................................. 11
3.3.2 Output data .............................................................................. 12
3.3.3 Recorded data.......................................................................... 12
3.3.4 Events ...................................................................................... 14

4. Technical Data ........................................................................................ 15

 Inrush3 Substation Automation

1. Introduction

1.1 Features

• Fast output signal for stabilizing the protection stages in a transformer inrush or at
motor start-up
• Transformer inrush detection
• Motor start-up detection
• Current measurement with conventional current transformers or Rogowski coils
• Single-phase, two-phase or three-phase operation

1.2 Application

This document specifies the function of the three-phase transformer inrush and motor
start-up detection function block Inrush3 used in products based on the RED 500
Platform.

The function block Inrush3 can be used for doubling the set start current of
overcurrent protection in a transformer magnetizing inrush situation or at motor start-
up, or for blocking (stabilization) overcurrent protection in a transformer magnetizing
inrush situation.

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 Substation Automation Inrush3

1.3 Input description

Name Type Description

IL1 Analogue signal (SINT) Input for measuring phase current IL1
IL2 Analogue signal (SINT) Input for measuring phase current IL2
IL3 Analogue signal (SINT) Input for measuring phase current IL3
GROUP Digital signal (BOOL, Control input for switching between the
active high) setting groups 1and 2. When GROUP is
FALSE, group 1 is active. When GROUP is
TRUE, group 2 is active.
RESET Reset signal (BOOL, pos. Input signal for resetting the registers of
edge) Inrush3

1.4 Output description

Name Type Description

START Digital signal (BOOL, active Output signal for stabilization
high)
ERR Digital signal (BOOL, active Signal for indicating a configuration error
high)

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2. Description of Operation

2.1 Configuration

Phase currents can be measured using conventional current transformers or Rogowski

coils. A special dialogue box of the Relay Configuration Tool included in the Cap 505
Tool Box, is used for selecting and configuring the measuring devices and signal
types for analogue channels. Digital inputs are configured in the same programming
environment (the number of selectable analogue inputs, digital inputs and digital
outputs depends on the hardware variant).

When the analogue channels and digital inputs have been selected and configured in
the dialogue box, the inputs and outputs of the function block can be configured on a
graphic worksheet of the configuration tool. The phase currents IL1, IL2 and IL3 are
connected to the corresponding IL1, IL2 and IL3 inputs of the function block. Digital
inputs are connected to the boolean inputs of the function block and in the same way,
the outputs of the function block are connected to the output signals.

Note! When the function block Inrush3 is used, the 2nd harmonic restraint must be
selected for the channels connected to the IL_ inputs of the function block from the
special measurements dialogue box of the configuration tool, regardless of whether
the transformer inrush mode or the motor startup mode is used.

2.2 Measuring mode

There are two operation modes available. The measuring mode depends on the
operation mode selected.

2.2.1 Transformer inrush mode

In transformer inrush mode, the operation is based on the ratio between the digitally
filtered second harmonic phase current and the fundamental frequency phase current:

• operation is insensitive to the DC component

• the suppression of harmonics for the fundamental frequency calculation is at least -
50 dB at f = k x fn, where k = 2, 3, 4, 5,...
• the suppression of harmonics for the second harmonic calculation is at least -50 dB
at f = k x fn, where k = 1 or 3, 4, 5,...

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 Substation Automation Inrush3

2.2.2 Motor start-up mode

In motor start-up mode, the operation is based on momentary values and consecutive
peak-to-peak values of phase currents. Harmonics are not suppressed.

2.3 Operation criteria

The setting parameter “Operation mode” is used for selecting the operation mode.
There are two modes available: the transformer inrush mode and the motor start-up
mode.

2.3.1 Transformer inrush mode

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Transformer inrush detection is based on the traditional principle: the output signal
START is activated once the numerically derived ratio I2f/I1f between the amplitudes
of the second harmonic and the fundamental frequency current in one phase exceeds
the value set for the “Ratio I2f/I1f>“ parameter.

The signal START can be activated only if the amplitude of the fundamental
frequency current of the corresponding phase is above 3% In. A control parameter1 is
used for setting the minimum pulse width of the output signal START. However, the
signal START remains active until the ratio I2f/I1f drops below the value set for the
“Ratio I2f/I1f>“ parameter in all phases, i.e. until the inrush situation is over, even if
the start pulse timer has elapsed earlier.

1
“Start pulse”

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 Inrush3 Substation Automation

I1f

I2f

2% In

I2f/I1f
Ratio
I2f/I1f

1
0 START signal

Inrush1
Min. pulse width

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2.3.2 Motor start-up mode

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The motor start-up is defined as a situation in which the initial three phase currents
stay below 5.0% In for about 60 ms, i.e. the motor is at standstill, and in which the
value of at least one phase current rises from 5.0 % In above the set start current
within the set rising time. If a phase current exceeds the set current level within the
set time, the START signal is immediately set to TRUE, i.e. the START output can be
activated before the set rising time has elapsed.

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 Substation Automation Inrush3

A control parameter “Start pulse” is used for setting the minimum pulse width of the
output signal START. However, the START signal remains active until all the three
phase currents fall below 0.9 x Start current and remain below that level for about 150
ms, i.e. until the start-up situation is over, even if the START pulse timer has elapsed
earlier.

Rising time

Set 'Rising time'

Start current
0.9 x Start current
5% In

1
0 START signal

Inrush2
Min. pulse width

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2.4 Setting groups

Two different groups of setting values, group 1 and group 2, are available for the
function block. Switching between the two groups can be done in the following three
ways:

1 Locally via the control parameter “Group selection”1) of the MMI

2 Over the communication bus by writing the parameter V21)
3 By means of the input signal GROUP when allowed via the parameter “Group
selection” (i.e. when V2 = 21)).
1)
Group selection (V2): 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2; 2 = GROUP input

The control parameter “Active group” indicates the setting group valid at a given
time. The settings that are active can be read from the “Actual settings” view.

2.5 Test mode

The digital outputs of the function block can be activated with separate control
parameters for each output either locally via the MMI or externally via the serial

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 Inrush3 Substation Automation

communication. When an output is activated with the test parameter, an event

indicating the test is generated.

The protection functions operate normally while the outputs are tested.

2.6 START output

A separate parameter on the MMI or via the serial communication is used for setting
the minimum pulse width of the output signal START.

2.7 Resetting

The TRIP output signal and the registers can be reset either via the RESET input, or
over the serial bus or the local MMI.

The operation indicators, latched trip signal and recorded data can be reset as follows:

Operation Latched trip Recorded

indicators signal data
1)
RESET input of the function block X X
1)
Parameter F034V013 X X
2)
General parameter F001V011 X
2)
General parameter F001V012 X X
2)
General parameter F001V013 X X X
2)
Push-button C X
2)
Push-buttons C + E (2 s) X X
2)
Push-buttons C + E (5 s) X X X
1)
Resets the latched trip signal and recorded data of the particular function block.
2)
Affects all function blocks.

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3. Parameters and Events

3.1 General

• Each function block has a specific channel number for serial communication
parameters and events. The channel for Inrush3 is 34.
• The data direction of the parameters defines the use of each parameter as follows:
Data direction Description
R, R/M Read only
W Write only
R/W Read and write

• The different event mask parameters (see section “Control settings”) affect the
visibility of events on the MMI or on serial communication (LON or SPA) as
follows:
Event mask 1 (FxxxV101/102) SPA / MMI (LON)
Event mask 2 (FxxxV103/104) LON
Event mask 3 (FxxxV105/106) LON
Event mask 4 (FxxxV107/108) LON

For example, if only the events E3, E4 and E5 are to be seen on the MMI of the
relay terminal, the event mask value 56 (8 + 16 + 32) is written to the “Event mask
1” parameter (FxxxV101).
In case a function block includes more than 32 events, there are two parameters
instead of e.g. the “Event mask 1” parameter: the parameter “Event mask 1A”
(FxxxV101) covers the events 0...31 and “Event mask 1B”(FxxxV102) the events
32...63.

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 Inrush3 Substation Automation

3.2 Setting values

3.2.1 Actual settings

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Operation mode S1 0 ... 2 1) - 1 R/M Selection of operation mode
2)
Ratio I2f/I1f> S2 5 ... 50 % 15 R/M Blocking limit I2f/I1f

Start current S33) 0.10 ...5.00 x In 0.10 R/M Motor start current
1)
Operation mode 0 = Not in use; 1 = Inrush mode; 2 = Start-up mode
2)
Active only in transformer inrush mode
3)
Active only in motor start-up mode

3.2.2 Setting group 1

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Operation mode S41 0 ... 2 1) - 1 R/W Selection of operation mode

Ratio I2f/I1f> S422) 5 ... 50 % 15 R/W Blocking limit I2f/I1f

3)
Start current S43 0.10 ...5.00 x In 0.10 R/W Motor start current
1)
Operation mode 0 = Not in use; 1 = Inrush mode; 2 = Start-up mode
2)
Active only in transformer inrush mode
3)
Active only in motor start-up mode

3.2.3 Setting group 2

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Operation mode S71 0 ... 2 1) - 1 R/W Selection of operation mode

Ratio I2f/I1f> S722) 5 ... 50 % 15 R/W Blocking limit I2f/I1f

3)
Start current S73 0.10 ...5.00 x In 0.10 R/W Motor start current
1)
Operation mode 0 = Not in use; 1 = Inrush mode; 2 = Start-up mode
2)
Active only in transformer inrush mode
3)
Active only in motor start-up mode

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 Substation Automation Inrush3

3.2.4 Control settings

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Rising time V14) 20...60 ms 20 R/W Rising time for phase
currents

Group selection V2 0...2 1) - 0 R/W Selection of the active

setting group

Active group V3 0 or 1 2) - 0 R/M Active setting group

Start pulse V4 0...1000 ms 0 R/W Minimum pulse width of

signal START

Reset registers V13 1=Reset - 0 W Resetting of registers

Test START V31 0 or 1 3) - 0 R/W Testing of START

Event mask 1 V101 0...15 - 3 R/W Event mask 1 for event

transmission (E0 ... E3)

Event mask 2 V103 0...15 - 3 R/W Event mask 2 for event

transmission (E0 ... E3)

Event mask 3 V105 0...15 - 3 R/W Event mask 3 for event

transmission (E0 ... E3)

Event mask 4 V107 0...15 - 3 R/W Event mask 4 for event

transmission (E0 ... E3)
1)
Group selection 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2; 2 = GROUP input
2)
Active group 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2
3)
Test START 0 = Do not activate; 1 = Activate
4)
Active only in motor start-up mode

3.3 Measurement values

3.3.1 Input data

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Current IL1 I1 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Phase current IL1

Current IL2 I2 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Phase current IL2

Current IL3 I3 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Phase current IL3

Input GROUP I4 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Signal for switching between

the groups 1 and 2

Input RESET I5 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Signal for resetting the

registers
1)
Input 0 = Not active; 1 = Active

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 Inrush3 Substation Automation

3.3.2 Output data

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation

direction
Output START O1 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Status of start signal
1)
Output 0 = Not active; 1 = Active

3.3.3 Recorded data

The registers are triggered when an inrush or start-up situation is detected. The time
stamp indicates the moment of detection, i.e. the moment when the second harmonic
content of the current in one phase exceeds the value set for the “Ratio I2f/I1f>“
parameter or when a phase current exceeds the set start current when a motor start-up
situation is detected.

When the set “Ratio I2f/I1f>“ is exceeded in one phase or when the value of at least
one of the phase currents rises from 5.0 % In above the set start current in less time
than the set “Rising time”, the function block starts calculating the average of each
phase current IL1, I L2 and I L3, and the minimum value of the ratio I2f/I1f in each phase.
The average currents and the minimum values of I2f/I1f will be updated when the
START signal resets. The values of the phase currents IL1, I L2 and I L3 are recorded as
multiples of the rated current In. The recorded I2f/I1f ratios are percentage values.

The duration of the transformer inrush situation is defined as the time during which
the set I2f/I1f value is exceeded. The duration of a motor start-up situation is defined
as the time from the moment when the first phase current exceeds 5.0% In until all
three currents fall below 0.9 x Start current and remain below that value for about 50
ms. The duration is updated when the START signal resets.

The data of three last operations (operation 1...3) are recorded and the values of the
most recent operation always replace the data of the oldest operation.

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 Substation Automation Inrush3

3.3.3.1 Recorded data 1

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data direction Explanation

Date V201 YYYY-MM-DD - - R/M Recording date

Time V202 hh:mm:ss.mss - - R/M Recording time

Duration V203 0.0...60.0 s 0.0 R/M Duration of start situation

Average IL1 V204 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Average value of IL1

Average IL2 V205 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Average value of IL2

Average IL3 V206 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Average value of IL3

Min. I2f/I1f L1 V207 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Minimum I2f/I1f of IL1

Min. I2f/I1f L2 V208 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Minimum I2f/I1f of IL2

Min. I2f/I1f L3 V209 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Minimum I2f/I1f of IL3

Active group V210 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Active setting group

1)
Active group 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2

3.3.3.2 Recorded data 2

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data direction Explanation

Date V301 YYYY-MM-DD - - R/M Recording date

Time V302 hh:mm:ss.mss - - R/M Recording time

Duration V303 0.0...60.0 s 0.0 R/M Duration of start situation

Average IL1 V304 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Average value of IL1

Average IL2 V305 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Average value of IL2

Average IL3 V306 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Average value of IL3

Min. I2f/I1f L1 V307 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Minimum I2f/I1f of IL1

Min. I2f/I1f L2 V308 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Minimum I2f/I1f of IL2

Min. I2f/I1f L3 V309 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Minimum I2f/I1f of IL3

Active group V310 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Active setting group

1)
Active group 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2

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 Inrush3 Substation Automation

3.3.3.3 Recorded data 3

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data direction Explanation

Date V401 YYYY-MM-DD - - R/M Recording date

Time V402 hh:mm:ss.mss - - R/M Recording time

Duration V403 0.0...60.0 s 0.0 R/M Duration of start situation

Average IL1 V404 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Average value of IL1

Average IL2 V405 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Average value of IL2

Average IL3 V406 0.00...60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Average value of IL3

Min. I2f/I1f L1 V407 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Minimum I2f/I1f of IL1

Min. I2f/I1f L2 V408 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Minimum I2f/I1f of IL2

Min. I2f/I1f L3 V409 0.0...100.0 % 0.0 R/M Minimum I2f/I1f of IL3

Active group V410 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Active setting group

1)
Active group 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2

3.3.4 Events

Code Weighting Default Event reason Event state

coefficient mask
E0 1 1 START signal from Inrush3 stage Reset

E1 2 1 START signal from Inrush3 stage Activated

E2 4 0 Test mode of Inrush3 stage Off

E3 8 0 Test mode of Inrush3 stage On

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Substation Automation Inrush3

4. Technical Data

Operation accuracies At the frequency f/fn = 0.95...1.05:

current measurement:

±2.5% of set value or ±0.01 x In.

ratio I2f/I1f measurement:

±5.0% of set value

Start time f/fn = 0.95...1.05 internal time < 32 ms

total time1) < 40 ms

Configuration data Task execution interval (Relay Configuration Tool): 10 ms

at the rated frequency fn = 50 Hz
1)
Includes the delay of the signal relay

Technical revision history

Technical revision Change
B -

C - default value of V31 = 0

D - data type of events E0 and E1 changed to single indication

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