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Circuit Breaker

The document discusses circuit breakers, including their specifications, construction, operating principles, types, and applications. It covers low voltage, medium voltage, and high voltage circuit breakers. For low voltage circuit breakers, it describes miniature, moulded case, and air circuit breakers, and how to select the suitable type based on the location in the electrical network. Earth leakage circuit breakers and fuses are also summarized.

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177 views

Circuit Breaker

The document discusses circuit breakers, including their specifications, construction, operating principles, types, and applications. It covers low voltage, medium voltage, and high voltage circuit breakers. For low voltage circuit breakers, it describes miniature, moulded case, and air circuit breakers, and how to select the suitable type based on the location in the electrical network. Earth leakage circuit breakers and fuses are also summarized.

Uploaded by

vehocurri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Circuit Breaker

Prepared By :

Eng : Ayman Soliman Selmy


Circuit Breaker
Specification of circuit Breaker:-
[1] Operating voltage of C.B
[2] Rated current of C.B (Ir or In) Amp.
[3] Instantaneous short circuit current (Ics) KA
[4] Rated breaking capacity (Icu) KA
[5] Types of C.B
[6] Types of poles.
[7] Earth leakage C.B
Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy
Construction of low voltage C.B

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


Operating Principle of low voltage C.B

Ir: rated current of C.B


Ic.s: short circuit current of C.B
Ic.u: max short circuit current or
(Rated Breaking capacity)

Note:
Ir: depend on KVA of load
Icu & Ics: depend on the
impedance of (Cables, Bus Bars
and Transformers)
Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy
Operating voltage of C.B

Low voltage Medium voltage High voltage


(1V – 1KV) (1KV – 66KV) (66KV – 500KV)

1 f– 220 11 KV, 22KV 132KV, 220KV


3 f– 380 V 6.6KV,3.3 KV 500KV

MCB – MCCB - ACB SF6 - Vacuum Oil - SF6

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


Low Voltage C.B

1 f C.B 3 f C.B
220 Volt 380 Volt
S < 5 KVA S > 5 KVA

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy
Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy
Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy
Types of low voltage Circuit Breakers

(1) Miniature C.B ( 10 ~ 125A )

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


(2) Moulded Case C.B (16~ 1600A)

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


(3) Air C.B (630 ~ 6300A)

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy
So, How to select the suitable type?!
The answer is where the location of C.B in the network is.

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


 M.C.B operates in 3 msec.
 M.C.C.B operates in 9 msec.
 A.C.B operates in 30 msec.

If C.B Incoming  Select MCCB


If C.B Outgoing  Select MCB
If C.B After Transformer must be A.C.B except only one case, If the
transformer locates in any area contain dust such as outdoor & factories
must be selected MCCB.
Because the MCCB can be maintained, but the ACB is very hard to be
maintained.
Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy
Types of Poles of CB
(1) Single Phase - Single pole C.B

Line is protected

Neutral is non-protected

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


(2) Single Phase - Two Pole C.B

Neutral and line are protected

High cost than single pole

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


(3) 3 Phase - 3 Pole C.B (4) 3 Phase - 4 Pole C.B

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


Earth leakage C.B (ELCB or RCCB)

There are two types: 1f ELCB and 3f ELCB

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


Operating Principle:-
For single phase system the ELCB compare the difference
between the life and neutral phases with the adjusted
setting value.

Iin = Iout Normal Operation


Iin ≠ Iout Earth Leakage
So,

Iin = Io + ILeakage
ILeakage = Iin - Iout
Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy
In case of three phase system the ELCB compare the
difference between the three line phase and the neutral
with the adjusted setting value.

IR + Is + IT = IN = Zero Normal Operation


IR + Is + IT = IN = Value But IR + Is + IT + IN = Zero Unbalance
IR + Is + IT = IN + ILeakage Or IR + Is + IT + IN = ILeakage Earth Leakage

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


Main function of ELCB
(1) To protect Human, we select I setting = Iin - Iout = 30 mA

(2) To protect machines, we select I setting = 300 mA

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


Medium Voltage C.B

Rated Voltages are

22 KV 11KV 6.6 KV 3.3 KV

Rated currents are I rated = 630 ~ 4000A

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


Rated Breaking Capacity
(A) 11KV MVAS.C = 500 MVA
(B) 22KV MVAS.C = 750 MVA
(C) 6.6KV MVAS.C = 250 MVA

Types of MV C.B are: oil , Vacuum and SF6

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy
FUSES
Types of Fuses
(1) Semi-enclosed Fuse

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


(2) Cartridge Fuse

Mainly used in Siemens boxes

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


(3) High Rupture Capacity Fuse (HRCF)

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


(4) aM-Type Fuse

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy


Where:
- Semi enclosed and cartridge used in low voltage.
- High Rupture Capacity used in medium voltage
- H.R.C.F used to protect transformer from short circuit.
- aM fuse used to protect short circuit protection in
motors, transformer and other load with high inrush
currents due to the good current limiting capability
and low I2t values.

- Rating of fuses start from 10A, 16A, 20A, 25, 32, 40,
50, 63, 80, 100, 125,160, 200, 250, 320, 400, 630, 800,
1000, 1250A.
Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy
Thanks

Prepared By Eng / Ayman Soliman Selmy

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