© 2016 IJEDR | Volume 4, Issue 3 | ISSN: 2321-9939

seismic analysis of multistoried rcc building due to

mass irregularity
1
Mr. Pathan Irfan Khan, 2Dr.Mrs. N.R.Dhamge
1
PG student, 2Assosiate Professor
Dept. Of Civil Engg.
KDK College of Engineering, Nagpur, India

Abstract –Multistoried buildings are designed as per Earthquake code IS: 1893-1984. Earthquake causes different shaking
intensities at different locations and the damage induced in buildings at these locations is also different. There is necessary to
construct a structure which is earthquake resistance at a particular level of intensity of shaking a structure. But during Bhuj
earthquake, in Ahmedabad two buildings which were designed as per IS:1893-1984 and were found to be seriously damaged due
to mass irregularity as a swimming pool was located at the 10th floor. Here excess mass leads to increase in lateral inertia forces,
reduced ductility of vertical load resisting elements and increased propensity towards collapse. Excess mass on higher floors
produce more unfavourable effects than those at lower floors. Vertical Mass irregularity is an important factor which is to be
considered while designing multi-storeyed building. This paper highlights the effect of mass irregularity on different floor in RCC
buildings with as Response Spectrum analysis using STAAD-Pro V8i software. In this project work seismic analysis of RCC
buildings with mass irregularity at different floor level are carried out. The Model Considered was of G+10 having swimming
pool on 3rd, 6th and 9th Floor. Maximum Base Shear along X and Z directions is also calculated. Lateral Displacements and Storey
Drift is also evaluated for X and Z directions. Axial Forces, Torsion and Bending Moment are calculated for six different
columns.

Keywords - Vertical Irregularity, Storey drift, Storey Shear, Seismic Analysis ,Base Shear, Torsion, Axial Forces, Mass
Irregularity, Bending Moment.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

INTRODUCTION
The structures having this discontinuity are termed as Irregular structures. These structures contain a large portion of urban
infrastructure. Vertical irregularities are one of the major reasons of failures of structures during earthquakes. Height-wise
changes in stiffness and mass render the dynamic characteristics of these buildings different from the ‘regular’ building.
Analyzing the structure for various Indian seismic zones and checking for multiple criteria at each level has become an essential.
This paper shows the effect of different seismic zone on the performance of G+10 residential multi-storeyed RCC building.
Maximum Base Shear along X and Z directions is also calculated. Lateral Displacements and Storey Drift is also evaluated for X
and Z directions. Axial Forces, Torsion and Bending Moment are calculated for six different columns.

OBJECTIVE
‒ To analyze the multi storied building with mass irregularity during seismic forces for safety of structure.
‒ Modeling and analyzing effect of mass irregularity for different stories location of multistoried R.C.C. building.
‒ To analyze multistoried R.C.C. building by using STAAD PRO software as per IS 1893(Part 1):2002 and IS 456-2000
codes.
‒ Comparative study of structural parameters like base shear, storey drift, displacement of R.C.C. building.

MASS IRREGULARITY IN STRUCTURES

The irregularity in the structures is due to uneven distribution of mass, strength or stiffness or due to their structural form. The
Analysis and design becomes complicated when these structures are constructed in high seismic zones. Hence seismic
performance of irregular structures becomes very much important. Mass irregularity shall be considered to exist where the
seismic weight of any storey is more than 200 % of that of its adjacent storey’s. This article is having vertical irregularity in
structures i.e. Mass irregularity should be considered. If the mass irregularity should be present at the top or bottom of the storey,
there is increase in the average peak drift demand compared to regular structures. If the mass irregularity should be present at the
middle of the structures there is lesser demand of drift corresponding to regular structures.

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figure 1: mass irregularity in structure

With increase in the mass in one storey, there is increase in the inertia forces generated in that storey. If the percentage difference
is small of changes in mass in comparison to the total mass of the building, the effect of mass irregularity is small on the mode
shapes in regular buildings.

BUILDING DESCRIPTION
The main intention of modelling the following structures is to study the compare mass irregularity in R.C.C. structures at different
floor levels. The structures considered here is a commercial complex building having G+10 storey model located in different
seismic zone II, III, IV and V. The plan dimension of the building is 15m X 12m. Height of the storey is kept as 3.5m. Depth of
foundation is kept as 3.5 m including 1 m plinth height. The study is carried out on R.C.C structure with one of the important
consideration of Mass irregularity in the form of swimming pool at 3 th, 6rd and 9th floor. The 3-D elevation of the building is
shown in the fig. no. 02.

figure 2: 3d view of model

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figure 3: overall top view of structure with swimming pool area

table 1: building data

PROPERTY DIMENSION
SIZE OF COLUMN 800 X 600 MM
SIZE OF BEAM 450 X 300 MM
LIVE LOAD 4 KN/M2
SLAB 125 MM
BAY ALONG X-DIR. 5
BAY ALONG Z - DIR 4
FLOOR FINISH LOAD 1.5 KN/M2
PLINTH HT. 1M
STOREY HT. 3.5 M
SPACING OF COL. 3M
DEPTH OF FOUNDATION 3.5 M
DENSITHY OF CONCRETE 25 KN/M2
DENSITY OF BRICK 20 KN/M2
THICKNESS OF INTERNAL WALL 115MM
THICKNESS OF EX. WALL 230 MM
PARAPET WALL HT. 1M
SWIMMING POOL LOAD 15 KN/M2
ZONE ALL SEISMIC ZONES
SOIL TYPE MEDIUM SOIL
IMPORTANCE FACTOR 1.5
LOAD COMBINATION 1.5 (DL+LL)
1.2(DL+LL+_ EQ)
1.5(DL+_EQ)
0.9DL+_1.5EQ
SUPPORT TYPE FIXED TYPE
SIZE OF SWIMMING POOL 6X9M
SIZE OF BUILDING 15 X 12 M

RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS

A. BASE SHEAR

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4000
3500
3000
2500
2000 BASE SHEAR IN X DIR
1500 BASE SHEAR IN Z DIR
1000
500
0
9F 9F 9F 9F 6F 6F 6F 6F 3F 3F 3F 3F
Z5 Z4 Z3 Z2 Z5 Z4 Z3 Z2 Z5 Z4 Z3 Z2
figure 4: base shear in x and z directions.

table 2: base shear in x and z directions.

MODEL BASE SHEAR BASE SHEAR
IN X DIRECTION IN Z DIRECTION
(kn) (kn)
9F Z5 3404 3404
9F Z4 2269 2269
9F Z3 1513 1513
9F Z2 946 946
6F Z5 3404 3404
6F Z4 2269 2269
6F Z3 1513 1513
6F Z2 946 946
3F Z5 3404 3404
3F Z4 2269 2269
3F Z3 1513 1513
3F Z2 946 946
Table 2 and Figure 4 shows Design base shear Values in X-direction & Z-direction. Design base shear obtained for Rcc structures
having mass irregularity at 3th, 6rd and 9th floor is same as per their seismic zones.

B. STOREY DRIFT

table 3: storey drift in x direction

FOOTING 9F Z5 6F Z5 3F Z5
GF 6.85 6.85 6.851
1F 11.123 11.121 11.123
2F 13.633 13.631 13.632
3F 14.283 14.468 14.455
4F 14.726 14.532 14.489
5F 14.13 14.119 14.061
6F 13.348 13.289 13.264
7F 12.208 12.077 12.102
8F 10.7 10.523 10.576
9F 8.793 8.664 8.705
10F 6.588 6.565 6.594
TER 4.67 4.682 4.698

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STOREY DRIFT IN X DIRECTION

16
14

Displacement (mm)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
GF 1F 2F 3F 4F 5F 6F 7F 8F 9F 10F TER
9F Z5 6.85 11.12 13.63 14.28 14.73 14.13 13.35 12.21 10.7 8.793 6.588 4.67
6F Z5 6.85 11.12 13.63 14.47 14.53 14.12 13.29 12.08 10.52 8.664 6.565 4.682
3F Z5 6.851 11.12 13.63 14.46 14.49 14.06 13.26 12.1 10.58 8.705 6.594 4.698
figure 5: storey drift in x direction

table 4: storey drift in z direction

FOOTING 9F Z5 6F Z5 3F Z5
GF 8.53 8.53 8.531
1F 13.239 13.237 13.239
2F 15.909 15.907 15.909
3F 16.617 16.613 16.597
4F 16.572 16.565 16.519
5F 16.087 16.074 16.008
6F 15.224 15.162 15.129
7F 13.972 13.82 13.853
8F 12.293 12.092 12.152
9F 10.122 9.969 10.015
10F 7.498 7.476 7.509
TER 5.079 5.092 5.109

STOREY DRIFT IN Z DIRECTION

18
Displacement (mm)

16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
GF 1F 2F 3F 4F 5F 6F 7F 8F 9F 10F TER
9F Z5 8.53 13.24 15.91 16.62 16.57 16.09 15.22 13.97 12.29 10.12 7.498 5.079
6F Z5 8.53 13.24 15.91 16.61 16.57 16.07 15.16 13.82 12.09 9.969 7.476 5.092
3F Z5 8.531 13.24 15.91 16.6 16.52 16.01 15.13 13.85 12.15 10.02 7.509 5.109
figure 6: storey drift in z direction

In the above Tables and Figures drift values are presented storey wise in X-direction and in Z-direction. Storey drift
which is defines as displacement of any storey relative adjacent storey. Permissible limit of storey drift 14 mm as per IS1893
(Part1)-2002. By analysis of G+10 storey structure it is found that maximum storey drift of RCC structure is 14.726 mm and
16.617mm in X and Z direction respectively.Storey Drift is mainly critical in 3,4 and 5 floor.

C. LATERAL DISPLACEMENTS –

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LATERAL DISPLACEMET IN X DIRECTION

140

Displacemnts (mm)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
GF 1F 2F 3F 4F 5F 6F 7F 8F 9F 10F TER
9F Z5 6.85 17.97 31.61 45.89 60.62 74.75 88.09 100.3 111 119.8 126.4 131.1
6F Z5 6.85 17.97 31.6 46.07 60.6 74.72 88.01 100.1 110.6 119.3 125.8 130.5
3F Z5 6.851 17.97 31.61 46.06 60.55 74.61 87.88 99.98 110.6 119.3 125.9 130.6
figure 7: lateral displacements in x direction

table 5: lateral displacements in x direction

FOOTING 9F Z5 6F Z5 3F Z5
GF 6.85 6.85 6.851
1F 17.973 17.971 17.974
2F 31.606 31.602 31.606
3F 45.889 46.07 46.061
4F 60.615 60.602 60.55
5F 74.745 74.721 74.611
6F 88.093 88.01 87.875
7F 100.301 100.087 99.977
8F 111.001 110.61 110.553
9F 119.794 119.274 119.258
10F 126.382 125.839 125.852
TER 131.052 130.521 130.55

LATERAL DISPLACEMET IN Z DIRECTION

160
Displacemnts (mm)

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
GF 1F 2F 3F 4F 5F 6F 7F 8F 9F 10F TER
9F Z5 8.53 21.77 37.68 54.3 70.87 86.95 102.2 116.2 128.4 138.6 146.1 151.1
6F Z5 8.53 21.77 37.67 54.29 70.85 86.93 102.1 115.9 128 138 145.4 150.5
3F Z5 8.531 21.77 37.68 54.28 70.8 86.8 101.9 115.8 127.9 138 145.5 150.6
figure 8: lateral displacements in z direction

table 6: lateral displacements in z direction

FOOTING 9F Z5 6F Z5 3F Z5
GF 8.53 8.53 8.531
1F 21.769 21.767 21.77
2F 37.678 37.674 37.679
3F 54.295 54.287 54.276
4F 70.867 70.852 70.795

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5F 86.954 86.926 86.803

6F 102.178 102.088 101.932
7F 116.15 115.908 115.785
8F 128.443 128 127.937
9F 138.565 137.969 137.952
10F 146.063 145.445 145.461
TER 151.142 150.537 150.57

The above Tables and Figures show values of joint displacements for structures having mass irregularity at 3 th, 6rd and 9th
floor. Lateral Displacements increases as per the floor level increases. It is maximum at terrace.

CONCLUSION
In this study Mass irregularity is an important factor to be considered along with other relevant. Joint displacement, base shear
and storey drift will help to decide which structure is efficient. Based on analysis and study on previous chapters will draw some
conclusions which are presented below.
‒ The graph of models is compared with each other and behaviour is studied, but not much change is seen, except
magnitude is increase in different zones.
‒ According to RSA results, the storey shear force was found to be maximum for the first storey and it decreased to a
minimum in the top storey in all cases.
‒ Permissible limit of storey drift 14 mm as per IS1893 (Part1)-2002. By analysis of G+10 storey structure it is found that
maximum storey drift of RCC structure is 14.726 mm and 16.617mm in X and Z direction respectively. Storey Drift is
mainly critical in 3,4 and 5 floor.

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