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Conclusion

For the next 15-20 years, most ammonia will continue to be produced via the classic process of combining nitrogen and hydrogen over an iron-based catalyst at high temperature and pressure. The proposed process design can produce over 1,000 metric tons per day of ammonia using a conventional plant as a model. Further optimization may be possible through a more efficient reactor design and lower-cost ruthenium-based catalyst.

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Dhruv Rana
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74 views2 pages

Conclusion

For the next 15-20 years, most ammonia will continue to be produced via the classic process of combining nitrogen and hydrogen over an iron-based catalyst at high temperature and pressure. The proposed process design can produce over 1,000 metric tons per day of ammonia using a conventional plant as a model. Further optimization may be possible through a more efficient reactor design and lower-cost ruthenium-based catalyst.

Uploaded by

Dhruv Rana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conclusion

For the major part, ammonia production in the next 15 to 20


years will rely on the classic ammonia synthesis reaction
combining nitrogen and hydrogen using a catalyst at elevated
temperature and pressure in a recycle process.
The proposed ammonia synthesis design produces 1,016
metric tons/day of ammonia at a feed of 5,500 kmol/hr. Although
the lack of kinetic data deterred the completion of the plug flow
simulation, a Gibbs reactor successfully emulated the desired
results.
The Haldor-Topsoe plant in Clear Lake, Texas, was chosen
as the model for the conventional ammonia plant due to its
comparable operation to the proposed simulation and its use of
iron-based catalyst. This process could be further optimized by
lowering compression costs and utilizing a more efficient reactor.
Replacing the conventional catalyst with the new ruthenium-
based catalyst in a multi-bed reactor can achieve these goals. The
industrial process may be safely and productively operated at
lower temperatures, thus reducing costs and increasing profit.
M.W. Kellogg takes full advantage of this superior catalyst in
its breakthrough technology known as the Kellogg Advanced
Ammonia Process, or KAAP. KAAP, implemented as either a
retrofit, expansion, or grassroots design, has proven to have
significant benefits, such as reduced capital costs and energy
savings. Kellogg's new ammonia synthesis configuration leads to
a economically advantageous and flexible ammonia plant
Reference

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