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1. Who among the following formed the secret society called ‘Young Italy’? 1
(a) Otto von Bismarck
(b) Giuseppe Mazzini
(c) Metternich
(d) Johann Gottfried Herder

Ans : (b)

2. Elle, the measuring unit in Germany was used to measure: 1

(a) cloth (b) thread (c) land (d) height

Ans : (a)

3. Zollevrein started in 1834 in Prussia refers to a: 1

(a) Trade Union (b) Customs Union
(c) L abour Union (d) Farmer’s Union

Ans : (b)

4. What do the saints, angels and Christ symbolise in the Utopian vision? 1
(a) Equality among people
(b) Fraternity among nations
(c) Freedom of nations
(d) Resentment against nations

Ans : (b)

5. Who were the ‘Junkers’? 1

(a) Soldiers (b) L arge landowners
(c) Aristocracy (d) Weavers

Ans : (b)

6. Which treaty recognised Greece as an independent nation? 1

(a) Treaty of Constantinople, 1832
(b) Treaty of Vienna, 1815
(c) Treaty of Versailles, 1871
(d) None of these

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Ans : (a)

7. By which of the following treaties was the United Kingdom of Great Britain formed? 1
(a) Treaty of Versailles
(b) Act of Union
(c) Treaty of Paris
(d) Treaty of Vienna

Ans : (b)

8. Which of the following group of powers collectively defeated Napoleon? 1

(a) England, France, Italy, Russia
(b) England, Austria, Spain, Russia
(c) Austria, Prussia, Russia, Britain
(d) Britain, Prussia, Russia, Italy

Ans : (c)

9. Romanticism refers to a: 1
(a) cultural movement
(b) religious movement
(c) political movement
(d) literary movement

Ans : (a)

10. Austrian Chancellor _____________ hosted the Congress of Vienna. 1

Ans : Duke Metternich

11. The first clear expression of nationalism came with the_________________. 1

Ans : French revolution

12. The Civil Code of 1804 was known as the__________. 1

Ans : Napoleonic Code

13. _______________ became the allegory of the German nation. 1

Ans : Germania

14. Conservative regimes set up in 1815 were democratic in nature. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

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15. A direct vote by which all the people of a region are asked to accept or reject a proposal is known 1
as la patrie. (True/False)

Ans : False

16. In 1861, Friedrich Wilhelm IV was proclaimed the king of united Italy. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

17. The term ‘absolutist’ referred to monarchical government. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

18. Match the columns. 1

Column A Column B
(i) brought the
(a) French
conservative regimes
Revolution
back to power
(ii) ensured right to
(b) Liberalism property for the
privileged class
(iii) recognised Greece
(c) Napoleonic
as an independent
Code
nation
(iv) transfer of sovereignty
(d) The Treaty of
from monarch to the
Vienna
French citizens
(v) individual freedom
(e) Treaty of
and equality before
Constantinople
law

Ans : (a) (iv), (b) (v), (c) (ii), (d) (i), (e) (iii)

19. Which one of the following types of government was functioning in France before the revolution 1
of 1789?
(a) Dictatorship
(b) Military
(c) Body of French Citizen
(d) Monarchy

Ans : (d)

20. Which of the following countries is considered as the ‘cradle of European civilization’? 1
(a) England (b) France
(c) Greece (d) Russia
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Ans : (c)

21. Frederic Sorrieu was a _________________. 1

Ans : French artist

22. A large part of the Balkans was under the control of the_____________ Empire. 1

Ans : Ottoman

23. The Treaty of Constantinople of 1832 recognised Greece as an independent nation. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

24. Giuseppe Mazzini formed a secret society called Young Italy for the dissemination of his goals. 1
(True/False)

Ans : True

25. Who was Frederic Sorrieu? 1

Ans : Frederic Sorrieu was a French artist who visualised a world, made up of democratic and
social republics, and put his dream down in a series of four prints.

26. What is referred to as Absolutism? 1

Ans : Unrestricted, despotic and authoritarian monarchial system of rule or government is

referred to as absolutism.

27. Define Nation. 1

Ans : A body of people who are united by same past, culture, political system and common
interests can be defined as a Nation.

28. What was the concept of a nation-state? 1

Ans : The concept of a nation-state was one in which people and rulers of land came together
to develop a sense of common identity and shared history.

29. Define Plebiscite. 1

Ans : Plebiscite is a system of direct vote by which the people of a region, themselves decide
to accept or reject a proposal.

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30. What was the major change that occured in the political and constitutional scenario due to 1
French Revolution in Europe?

Ans : The French Revolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of
French citizens. It proclaimed that it was the people who would henceforth constitute the
nation and shape its destiny.

31. Name the provinces under the Habsburg Empire. 1

Ans : The Habsburg Empire ruled over Austria-Hungary. It included the Alpine region of Tyrol,
Austria, Sudetenland as well as Bohemia along with Italian speaking provinces of
Lombardy and Venetia.

32. What was the strong demand of the emerging middle class in Europe during the 19th century? 1

Ans : The emerging middle class of Europe demanded constitutionalism with national
unification.

33. What was elle? 1

Ans : Elle was the measure of cloth. It was different for each of the 39 states of German
confederation.

34. What was the basic philosophy of the conservatives? 1

Ans : The basic philosophy of the conservatives was to preserve the traditional institutions
such as church, monarchy, social hierarchies, property and family etc.

35. Who hosted the Congress of Vienna in 1815? 1

Ans : Duke Metternich hosted the Congress of Vienna in 1815.

36. What was main aim of the Treaty of Vienna of 1815? 1

Ans : The main aim of the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 was to undo the changes brought about in
Europe during the Napoleonic wars.

37. What was the major issue taken up by the liberal nationalists? 1

Ans : The liberal nationalists took up the issue of freedom of press.

38. What was the main aim of the revolutionaries of Europe? 1

Ans : The European revolutionaries aimed at opposing the monarchial order established after
the Vienna Congress and struggle for liberty and freedom.

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39. Who remarked “When France sneezes the rest of Europe catches cold”? 1

Ans : These words were said by Duke Metternich.

40. How did Lord Byron contribute to the Greek war of Independence? 1

Ans : Lord Byron, an English poet, organised funds for the Greek struggle against the Ottoman
Empire and also participated in the war.

41. What is Romanticism? 1

Ans : Romanticism refers to cultural movement that sought to develop a particular form of
nationalist sentiment through emotions, folk songs, poetry and dances.

What is meant by das volk? 1

Ans : Das volk is a German word meaning common people.

43. Where was the Frankfurt Parliament convened? 1

Ans : The Frankfurt Parliament was convened at the Church of St Paul.

44. Why did the middle class lose its support after the failure of the Frankfurt Parliament? 1

Ans : The middle class lost its support after the failure of the Frankfurt Parliament because
they resisted the demands of the workers and the artisans.

45. Who were referred as ‘Junkers’ in Prussia? 1

Ans : Junkers, in Prussia, the large land owning class.

46. Which state led the unification of Germany? 1

Ans : Prussia led the unification of Germany.

47. Who holds the credit of unifying Germany? 1

Ans : Otto von Bismarck holds the credit of unifying Germany.

48. Who was proclaimed the German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles in January 1871? 1

Ans : Kaiser William I was proclaimed as the emperor of Germany after its unification in 1871.

49. Who headed Sardinia-Piedmont? 1

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Ans : King Victor Emmanuel II headed Sardinia-Piedmont.

50. What was the result of the Act of Union (1707)? 1

Ans : The Act of Union 1707 resulted in the formation of United Kingdom of Great Britain with
the incorporation of Scotland.

51. Which Italian patriot organised a group of soldiers known as ‘Red Shirts’? 1

Ans : Giuseppe Garibaldi, an Italian patriot, organised a group of soldiers known as Red Shirts.

52. What was Germania? 1

Ans : It was an allegory of Germany.

53. Who were the Slavs? 1

Ans : The inhabitants of the regions under the Ottoman Empire like modern-day Romania,
Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia and
Montenegro were called the Slavs.

54. What made the Balkan area explosive? 1

Ans : The spread of romantic nationalism and disintegration of Ottoman Empire made the
Balkan area very explosive.

55. What do you mean by nationalism? 1

Ans : Devotion, love, and patriotic feelings for one’s own nation is called nationalism. It is a
feeling of political consciousness and unity among the people of a state.

56. Duke metternich was the Chancellor of which country? 1

Ans : Duke Metternich was the Chancellor of Austria.

57. What decisions were taken at the Congress of Vienna? 1

Ans : In France, the Bourbon dynasty was restored to power with a number of states set up on
its boundaries. Prussia was given important new territories, Austria got control of
northern Italy and Russia was given part of Poland.

58. Which treaty recognised Greece as an independent nation? 1

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Ans : The Treaty of Constantinople of 1832 recognised Greece as an independent nation.

59. Why 1830s were the years of great economic hardship in Europe? 1

Ans : 1830s were the years of great economic hardship in Europe because of increase in
population, unemployment, migration, price rise, stiff competition in the market and bad
condition of peasants.

60. What was the allegory of France called? 1

Ans : Allegory of France was called Marianne.

61. Why did Gandhiji organise Satyagraha in 1917 in Kheda district of Gujarat? 1
(a) To support the plantation workers
(b) To protest against high revenue demand
(c) To support the mill workers to fulfil their demand
(d) To demand loans for the farmers

Ans : (b)

62. Why was Satyagraha organised in Champaran in 1916? 1

(a) To oppose the British laws
(b) To oppose the plantation system
(c) To oppose high land revenue
(d) To protest against the oppression of the mill workers

Ans : (b)

63. Why was the Simon Commission sent to India? 1

(a) To look into the Indian constitutional matter and suggest reform
(b) To choose members of Indian Council
(c) To settle disputes between the government and the Congress leaders
(d) To set up a government organisation

Ans : (a)

64. Why was Alluri Sitarama Raju well known? 1

(a) He led the militant movement of tribal peasants in Andhra Pradesh.
(b) He led a peasant movement in Avadh.
(c) He led a satyagraha movement in Bardoli.
(d) He set up an organisation for the uplifment of the dalits.

Ans : (a)

65. Why did General Dyer open fire on peaceful crowd in Jallianwalla Bagh? Mark the most important 1
factor.
(a) To punish the Indians
(b) To take revenge for breaking martial laws
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(c) To create a feeling of terror and awe in the mind of Indians
(d) To disperse the crowd

Ans : (c)

66. What kind of movement was launched by the tribal peasants of Gudem Hills in Andhra Pradesh? 1
(a) Satyagraha Movement
(b) Militant Guerrilla Movement
(c) Non-Violent Movement
(d) None of the above

Ans : (b)

67. Who among the following two leaders led the Khilafat Movement? 1
(a) Shaukat Ali and Muhammad Ali
(b) Gandhiji and Sardar Patel
(c) Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Abul Kalam Azad
(d) Abul Kalam Azad and Jawaharlal Nehru

Ans : (a)

68. Why did Gandhiji withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement? 1

(a) Gandhiji realised that people were losing interest in the movement.
(b) Gandhiji felt that the movement was turning violent in many places.
(c) Some Congress leaders wanted to participate in elections to Provincial Councils.
(d) Some Congress leaders wanted more radical mass agitations.

Ans : (b)

69. Who were the ‘Sanatanis’? 1

(a) Saints (b) Dalits
(c) Labours (d) High-caste Hindus

Ans : (d)

70. The main problem with the Simon Commission was that: 1
(a) It was an all British commission.
(b) It was formed in Britain.
(c) It was set up in response to the nationalist movement.
(d) It supported the Muslim League.

Ans : (a)

71. ‘Hind Swaraj’ was written by: 1

(a) Abul Kalam Azad (b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Sardar Patel (d) Subhas Chandra Bose

Ans : (b)

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72. Why did the Indians oppose the Rowlatt Act? 1
(a) It introduced the Salt Law.
(b) It increased taxes on land.
(c) It gave the British the power to arrest and detain a person without a trial.
(d) It put a ban on the Congress party.

Ans : (c)

73. Gandhiji’s march from Sabarmati to Dandi is called the _______________. 1

Ans : Salt March

74. The Depressed Classes Association was formed by _______________ . 1

Ans : Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

75. The Muslim League was started by _______________. 1

Ans : Muhammad Ali Jinnah

76. The Statutory Commission that arrived in India in 1928 was led by _______________. 1

Ans : John Simon

77. The Swaraj Party was set up by _______________ and _______________. 1

Ans : Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das

78. During the First World War, the Indian Industrialists suffered huge loss. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

79. Gandhiji’s idea which emphasized truth and nonviolence is referred as Swaraj. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

80. Khilafat Movement was led by the Ali Brothers. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

81. Baba Ramchandra and JawaharLal Nehru headed Oudh Kisan Sabha. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

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82. The term ‘begar’ means homeless labour. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

83. Match the columns. 1

Column A Column B
(a) Bankim Chandra (i) Depressed Classes
Chattopadhyay Association
(ii) Famous image of
(b) B.R Ambedkar
Bharat Mata
(c) Sir Mohammad (iii) The Folklore of
Iqbal Southern India
(d) Abanindranath (iv) President of the
Tagore Muslim League
(e) Natesa Sastri (v) Vande Matram

Ans : (a) (v), (b) (i), (c) (iv), (d) (ii), (e) (iii)

84. Due to the effect of the Non-Cooperation movement on the plantation workers in Assam, they: 1
(a) left the plantations and headed home.
(b) went on strike.
(c) destroyed the plantations.
(d) None of these

Ans : (a)

85. The resolution of Purna Swaraj was adopted at which session? 1

(a) Karachi Congress (b) Haripur Congress
(c) Lahore Congress (d) Lucknow Congress

Ans : (c)

86. Which one of the following Viceroys announced a vague offer of dominion status for India in 1
October 1929?
(a) Lord Mount batten (b) Lord Dalhousie
(c) Lord Irwin (d) None of these

Ans : (c)

87. The Indian tricolor was first designed at the time of _______________. 1

Ans : Swadeshi Movement

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88. _____________ presided over the Lahore session of Congress in 1929. 1

Ans : Jawaharlal Nehru

89. Alluri Sitarama Raju could perform miracles. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

90. The four volume collection of Tamil folktales – “The folklore of Southern India” was published by 1
Natesa Sastri. (True/False)

Ans : True

91. Violation of Salt Tax by Gandhi led to the Civil Disobedience Movement. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

92. Match the columns. 1

Column A Column B
(i) Refused to deal with or
(a) Hartal associate with someone
or with something
(ii) To strike off work, a
(b) Boycott
form of demonstration
(c) Begar (iii) Form of salutation
(iv) Deprive some one of
(d) Salam the
service of washer man
(v) Forced or bonded
(e) Dhobi-
labour
bandh
without payment

Ans : (a) (ii), (b) (i), (c) (v), (d) (iii), (e) (iv)

93. People livelihood and local economy of which one of the following was badly affected by the 1
disease named Rinderpest.
(a) Asia (b) Europe
(c) Africa (d) South America

Ans : (c)

94. Which of the following places was an important destination for indentured migrants? 1
(a) Florida (b) Melbourne

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(c) Carribbean island (d) Mexico

Ans : (c)

95. The group of powers collectively known as the Axis power during the Second World War were: 1
(a) Germany, Italy, Japan
(b) Austria, Germany, Italy
(c) France, Japan, Italy
(d) Japan, Germany, Turkey

Ans : (a)

96. Who among the following is a Nobel Prize winner? 1

(a) V.S. Naipaul
(b) J.M. Keynes
(c) Shivnarine Chanderpaul
(d) Ramnaresh Sarwan

Ans : (a)

97. Which of the following statements correctly identifies the corn laws? 1
(a) Restricted the import of corn to England
(b) Allowed the import of corn to England
(c) Imposed tax on corn
(d) Abolished the sale of corn

Ans : (a)

98. Which of the following is the direct effect of Great Depression on Indian Trade? 1
(a) Peasants and farmers suffered.
(b) Indian exports and imports nearly halved between 1928–1934.
(c) Peasants’ indebtedness increased.
(d) Led to widespread unrest in rural India.

Ans : (b)

99. Which of the following enabled the Europeans to conquer and control the Africans? 1
(a) Victory in war
(b) Control over the scarce resource of cattle
(c) Death of Africans due to rinderpest
(d) Lack of weapons in Africa to fight against the Europeans

Ans : (b)

100.Who discovered the vast continent, later known as America? 1

(a) Vasco da Gama (b) Christopher Columbus
(c) V.S. Naipaul (d) None of these

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Ans : (b)

101.Until 18th century which two countries were considered the richest in the world? 1
(a) India and China
(b) China and Japan
(c) England and France
(d) England and Italy

Ans : (a)

102.Why were the Europeans attracted to Africa? 1

(a) By its natural beauty
(b) By the opportunities for investment
(c) For its vast land resources and mineral wealth
(d) For recruitment of labour

Ans : (c)

103.Transport of perishable goods over long distance was possible because of 1

(a) improved railways
(b) airline services
(c) refrigerated ships
(d) steam ships

Ans : (c)

104.The World Bank was set-up to 1

(a) finance rehabilitation of refugees.
(b) finance post war construction.
(c) finance industrial development.
(d) help third world countries.

Ans : (b)

105.The Chutney music was popular in ____________ and ______________. 1

Ans : Trinidad and Guyana

106.Before the war, _____________ was a major supplier of wheat in the world market. 1

Ans : eastern Europe

107.The method used by Henry Ford for faster and cheaper automobile production was known as 1
_________________.

Ans : assembly line

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108.Peru was called the city of gold. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

109.The silk route helped in cultural and commercial exchange. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

110.Second World War did not result in economic devastation and social disruption. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

111.Match the columns. 1

Column A Column B

(a) Great depression (i) IMF and World Bank

(b) Hosay (ii) Group of developing countries

(c) Bretton Wood Institution (iii) Punjab

(d) Canal colonies (iv) Riotous carnival

(e) G-77 (v) Agricultural overproduction

Ans : (a) (v), (b) (iv), (c) (i), (d) (iii), (e) (ii)

112.Most Indian indentured workers came from: 1

(a) Eastern Uttar Pradesh
(b) North-eastern states
(c) Jammu and Kashmir
(d) None of these

Ans : (a)

113.Who adopted the concept of an assembly line to produce automobiles? 1

(a) Henry Ford (b) Karl Benz
(c) V.S. Naipaul (d) Samuel Morse

Ans : (a)

114.______________ travelled west from China to be called “Spaghetti’. 1

Ans : Noodles

115.Tax imposed on a country’s imports from the rest of the world is called_______________. 1
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Ans : tariff

116.Britain was the world’s leading economy during the pre-First World War period. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

117.The IMF and the World Bank were designed to meet the financial needs of the industrial 1
countries. (True/False)

Ans : True

118.The person who got people from village, ensured them jobs, helped them settle in cities and 1
provided them money in times of need was known as:
(a) Stapler (b) Fuller
(c) Gomastha (d) Jobber

Ans : (d)

119.Why did Manchester export to India decline after the First World War? 1
(a) People were busy fighting the war.
(b) Factories closed down due to security problem.
(c) Factories and mills were busy producing goods to fulfill the need of army.
(d) Export trade was restricted by the government.

Ans : (c)

120.Why were workers in England hostile to machines and new technology? 1

(a) They did not know how to use these.
(b) They feared that they would lose their jobs and livelihood.
(c) The workers were too poor to buy new machines.
(d) They were scared of machines.

Ans : (b)

121.Why were there frequent clashes between the gomastha and the weavers? 1
(a) The weavers hated foreigners.
(b) The gomastha forced the weavers to sell goods at a dictated price.
(c) Gomasthas were outsiders without long term social link with the village.
(d) None of the above.

Ans : (c)

122.From which of the following trade did the early entrepreneurs make a fortune? 1
(a) Textile trade (b) China trade
(c) Trade in tea (d) Industries

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Ans : (b)

123.Which of the following was a European managing agency? 1

(a) Tata Iron and Steel Company
(b) Andrew Yule
(c) Elgin Mill
(d) Birla industries

Ans : (b)

124.Guilds were associations of ____________. 1

Ans : traders

125.______________ was a mechanical device used for weaving. 1

Ans : Fly shuttle

126.Manchester in England was well-known for ____________. 1

Ans : textile production

127.In Bengal, Dwarakanath Tagore made his fortune in China Trade. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

128.G.D. Birla was a Parsi entrepreneur who built huge industrial empire in India. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

129.Advertisements make the products appear desirable and necessary. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

130.Match the columns. 1

Column A Column B
(a) Gomasthas (i) Seth Hukumchand
(ii) Official who acted as
(b) Spinning Jenny
company’s agent
(c) Steam engine (iii) Richard Arkwright
(d) Cotton mill (iv) James Hargreaves
(e) First Indian jute mill (v) James Watt

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Ans : (a) (ii), (b) (iv), (c) (v), (d) (iii), (e) (i)

131.By late 19th century why did the British manufacturers print calendars for advertisements? 1
(a) Indian people were fond of using calendars in their houses.
(b) Unlike newspapers and magazines, calendars were used even by people who did not know how
to read or write.
(c) It was cheaper to advertise goods through calendars.
(d) It used to add beauty to the room.

Ans : (b)

132.Which of the following innovations helped the weavers in increasing productivity and compete 1
with mill sector?
(a) Spining jenny (b) Fly shuttle
(c) Cotton Gin (d) Roller

Ans : (b)

133.The yarn produced in Indian industries was exported to __________________. 1

Ans : China

134.The expansion of railways boosted the growth of __________ and __________ industries. 1

Ans : iron and steel

135.When there is plenty of labour, wages are low. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

136.In European society, members of the royal family are referred as ‘bourgeoisie’. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

137.Who was Marcopolo? 1

(a) German scientist
(b) English philosopher
(c) Spanish explorer
(d) Italian traveller/explorer

Ans : (d)

138.Who wrote about the injustices of the caste system in ‘Gulamgiri’? 1

(a) Raja Rammohan Roy

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(b) Jyotiba Phule
(c) Balgangadhar Tilak
(d) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

Ans : (b)

139.Which of the following refers to print revolution? 1

(a) Invention of printing press
(b) Shift from hand printing to mechanical printing
(c) Revolt of people against printed matters
(d) Handwritten manuscripts for printed books

Ans : (b)

140.Aim of Protestant Reformation was to: 1

(a) reform religion
(b) reform the Catholic church
(c) reform Jewish religion
(d) to protest against all reform

Ans : (b)

141.Why was James Augustus Hickey persecuted by Governor General Warren Hastings? 1
(a) For poor editing of Bengal Gazette
(b) For publishing a lot of gossip about company’s Senior Official
(c) For publishing substandard material
(d) None of these

Ans : (b)

142.By whom was ‘Sambad Kaumudi’ published in 1821? 1

(a) Iswer Chandra Vidyasagar
(b) C.R. Das
(c) Raja Rammohun Roy
(d) Swami Vivekanand

Ans : (c)

143.In ancient India which of the following material was used for writing manuscripts? 1
(a) Parchments (b) Vellum
(c) Palm leaves (d) Paper

Ans : (b)

144.Skilled hand writers were known as _________. 1

Ans : scribes

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145._____________ was the Latin scholar who expressed deep anxiety about printed book. 1

Ans : Erasmus

146.‘Amar Jiban’ is the autobiography of_____________. 1

Ans : Rashsundari Debi

147.Amar Jiban was the autobiography written by Rashsundari Debi. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

148.Vellum is the parchment made of animal skin. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

149.Monnocchio said “The printing press is the most powerful engine of progress”. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

150.Match the columns. 1

Column A Column B
(a) Chap book (i) Earlier name of Tokyo
(b) Gutenburg (ii) First printed book published in Europe
(c) Manuscript (iii) Pocket size cheap book
(d) Edo (iv) Handwritten original text
(e) Bible (v) Printing Press

Ans : (a) (iii), (b) (v), (c) (iv), (d) (i), (e) (ii)

151.Which one of the following is the oldest Japanese book? [CBSE 2014] 1
(a) Sutta Pitaka (b) Diamond Sutra
(c) Mahavamsa (d) Dipavamsa

Ans : (b)

152.The reformation movement was launched against the corrupt practices of which of the 1
following group?
(a) Feudal Lords (b) Protestant Church
(c) Catholic Church (d) Absolute rulers

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Ans : (c)

153.Who among the following was not a women novelist? 1

(a) Jane Austen (b) Bronte Sisters
(c) George Eliot (d) Maxim Gorky

Ans : (d)

154.The first printing press was developed by______. 1

Ans : Johann Gutenberg

155.____________ is an art of beautiful and stylised writing. 1

Ans : Calligraphy

156.American explorer Marco Polo brought back the knowledge of printing to Italy. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

157.‘Bengal Gazette’ the weekly magazine was brought out byGangadhar Bhattacharya. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

158.Which one of the following soils is ideal for growing cotton? 1

(a) Regur soil (b) Laterite soil
(c) Desert soil (d) Mountainous soil

Ans : (a)

159.Soil is formed by the process of 1

(a) Denudation (b) Gradation
(c) Weathering (d) Erosion

Ans : (c)

160.Land left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year is called 1
(a) Culturable waste land
(b) Current fallow land
(c) Waste land
(d) None of the above

Ans : (b)

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161.“There is enough for everybody’s need but not for anybody’s greed”. Who said this? 1
(a) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(b) Atal Bihari Vajpai
(c) M. K. Gandhi
(d) Sunder Lal Bahuguna

Ans : (c)

162.Resources which are surveyed and their quantity and quality have been determined for 1
utilisation are known as
(a) Potential resources
(b) Stock
(c) Developed resources
(d) Reserves

Ans : (c)

163.Which one of the following statements is correct as regard to international resources? 1

(a) Resources which are regulated by international institutions.
(b) Resources which lie beyond the territorial waters.
(c) Resources which are found along the international frontier.
(d) Resources which are not yet developed.

Ans : (a)

164.The first International Earth Summit was held in 1

(a) Geneva (b) New York
(c) Japan (d) Rio de Janeiro

Ans : (d)

165.The most widespread relief feature of India is 1

(a) Mountains (b) Forests
(c) Plains (d) Plateaus

Ans : (c)

166.Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilised 1
(a) Renewable (b) Developed
(c) National (d) Potential

Ans : (d)

167.Which one of the following statements is true about the term resources? [CBSE 2011] 1

(a) Resources are free gifts of nature.

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(b) They are the functions of human activities.

(c) All those things which are found in nature.

(d) Things which cannot be used to fulfill our needs.

Ans : (b)

168.____________ and ___________ are the methods of soil conservation in hilly areas. 1

Ans : Terrace farming and contour ploughing

169.Old alluvial soil is called____________. 1

Ans : bangar

170.__________ is a method of growing rows of trees in arid regions. 1

Ans : Shelter belts

171.Landuse pattern of India is lopsided. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

172.The Alluvial Soil is the most widespread soil of India. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

173.Red soils are found in Thar Desert. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

174.Fossil fuels are examples of non-recyclable resources. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

175.Matching the columns. 1

Column A Column B
(a) Uppermost layer of soil (i) Black soil
(b) New alluvial (ii) Topsoil
(c) Regur soil (iii) Over grazing
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(d) Land with many
(iv) Khadar
gullies and ravines
(e) Land degradation (v) Bad Land

Ans : (a)–(ii), (b)–(iv), (c)–(i), (d)–(v), (e)–(iii)

176.The red soil is red in colour because 1

(a) it is rich in humus.
(b) it is rich in iron compounds.
(c) it is derived from volcanic origin.
(d) it is rich in potash.

Ans : (b)

177.Soil formed by intense leaching is 1

(a) Alluvial soil (b) Red soil
(c) Laterite soil (d) Desert

Ans : (c)

178._____________ soil has high water retaining capacity. 1

Ans : Black

179.Land consisting of many gullies and ravines are called ______________. 1

Ans : bad lands

180.Protection of soil from erosion is called soil conservation. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

181.Solar energy is an example of non-recyclable resource. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

182.Which of the following crops are grown with the onset of monsoons and are harvested in the 1
months of September-October?
(a) Rabi (b) Kharif
(c) Zadi (d) None of the above

Ans : (b)

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183.‘Slash and burn’ agriculture is a 1
(a) Shifting agriculture
(b) Intensive agriculture
(c) Commercial agriculture
(d) None of these

Ans : (a)

184.Grapes are mainly produced in the state of ________. 1

(a) Meghalaya (b) Himachal Pradesh
(c) Mizoram (d) Andhra Pradesh

Ans : (d)

185.Bhoodan – Gramdan movement was initiated by 1

(a) Mahatma Gandhi (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Vinoba Bhave (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Ans : (c)

186.Grouping of small land holdings into a bigger one is called 1

(a) ceiling on land holdings.
(b) collectivisation.
(c) cooperative farming.
(d) consolidation of land holdings.

Ans : (d)

187.Oranges are mainly produced in the state of ________. 1

(a) Madhya Pradesh (b) Maharashtra
(c) Kerala (d) Tamil Nadu

Ans : (b)

188.Intensive subsistence farming is practised in area of _______. [CBSE 2012] 1

(a) high population (b) low population
(c) deserts (d) thick forests

Ans : (a)

189.Which one of the following statements is incorrect as regards to commercial farming? 1

(a) Use of heavy doses of modern inputs.
(b) Crops are grown for sale.
(c) Family members are involved in growing crops.
(d) Practised on large land holdings.

Ans : (c)

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190.Which one of the following is a rabi crop? 1
(a) Rice (b) Wheat
(c) Bajra (d) Jowar

Ans : (b)

191.The largest tea producing state of India is 1

(a) Karnataka (b) Assam
(c) Andhra Pradesh (d) Arunachal Pradesh

Ans : (b)

192.A type of millet rich in iron, calcium, other micro nutrients and roughage is __________ . 1
(a) Bajra (b) Rajma
(c) Jowar (d) Ragi

Ans : (d)

193.India is the second largest producer of sugarcane only after _____________. 1

Ans : Brazil

194.___________ is the Golden fibre of India. 1

Ans : Jute

195.______________ is a programme introduced by the Government that has resulted in increased 1

production of food grains.

Ans : Green Revolution

196.Kerala is the largest producer of ______________ in India. 1

Ans : rubber

197.The crop grown in black soil is Rice. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

198.Castor seed is grown both as Rabi and Kharif crop. 1

(True/False)

Ans : True

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199.The main characteristic feature of commercial farming is the use of high doses of modern 1
inputs. (True/False)

Ans : True

200.Watermelon is grown during Zaid season. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

201.Match the columns 1

Column A Column B
(a) Leading producer of
(i) Kerala
Maize
(b) Leading rice producing
(ii) Karnataka
state
(c) Leading sugarcane (iii) West
producing state Bengal
(d) Leading producer of (iv) Uttar
rubber Pradesh

Ans : (a) (ii), (b) (iii), (c) (iv), (d) (i)

202.Specialised cultivation of fruits and vegetables iscalled 1

(a) Agriculture (b) Horticulture
(c) Sericulture (d) Pisciculture

Ans : (b)

203.Punjab and Haryana grow rice mainly due to 1

(a) availability of cheap labour.
(b) development of canals irrigation and tubewells.
(c) fertile soil.
(d) development of transport network.

Ans : (b)

204.Rabi crops are sown in 1

(a) Winter (b) Summer
(c) Autumn (d) Spring

Ans : (a)

205.The slash and burn agriculture is known as ________________ in the north–eastern states of 1
India.

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Ans : Jhumming

206.India is the largest producer and consumer of ______________ in the world. 1

Ans : pulses

207.Terrace cultivation leads to increase in the level of soil erosion. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

208.Minerals need to be conserved because 1

(i) They are renewable.
(ii) They are depleting rapidly.
(iii) They are needed for country’s industrial development.
(iv) Their formation is very fast.
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv) (d) All of the above

Ans : (b)

209.Which of the following statements are incorrect with regard to placer deposits? 1
(i) They occur as alluvial deposits.
(ii) They are corroded by water.
(iii) They occur in ocean beds.
(iv) They are found in sands of the valley floors and the base of hills.
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iv)

Ans : (b)

210.The Hazira – Vijaipur – Jagdishpur pipeline does not pass through this state. 1
(a) Uttar Pradesh (b) Gujarat
(c) Madhya Pradesh (d) Maharashtra

Ans : (d)

211.Low grade brown coal is called 1

(a) Magnetite (b) Bauxite
(c) Lignite (d) Limonite

Ans : (c)

212.Which of the following states is the oldest producer of oil? 1

(a) Arunachal Pradesh (b) Assam
(c) Andhra Pradesh (d) Gujarat

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Ans : (b)

213.Metallurgical coal used in the smelting of iron ore is 1

(a) Anthracite (b) Bituminous
(c) Lignite (d) Peat

Ans : (b)

214.Which one of the following states is the leading producer of Iron ore? 1
(a) Chhattisgarh (b) Jharkhand
(c) Karnataka (d) Madhya Pradesh

Ans : (c)

215.Kakrapara nuclear power station is located in the state of 1

(a) Maharashtra (b) Andhra Pradesh
(c) Karnataka (d) Gujarat

Ans : (d)

216.Nearly 10 kg of ___________ is required to manufacture one tonne of steel. 1

Ans : manganese

217.___________ in India has ideal conditions for utilising tidal energy. 1

Ans : Gulf of Kuchchh

218.________________ is the most important lignite mine of Tamil Nadu. 1

Ans : Neyveli

219.Kalpakkam is the nuclear power plant located in Tamil Nadu. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

220.The plant using cow dung is known as Gobar Gas Plant. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

221.Parvati Valley is the leading producer of Solar energy. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

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222.Which one of the following is a non-metallic mineral? 1
(a) Lead (b) Copper
(c) Tin (d) Limestone

Ans : (d)

223.Kudremukh is an important Iron Ore mine of 1

(a) Kerala (b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Karnataka (d) Andhra Pradesh

Ans : (c)

224.Which of the following minerals is mined at Balaghat mines? 1

(a) Manganese (b) Aluminium
(c) Copper (d) Limestone

Ans : (a)

225.Which of the following is an offshore oil field? 1

(a) Ankaleshwar (b) Digboi
(c) Kalol (d) Mumbai High

Ans : (d)

226.Minerals are generally found in _____________. 1

Ans : ores

227.About 63% of India’s petroleum production comes from _______________. 1

Ans : Mumbai High

228.The Bailadila Hills look like the hump of a camel. 1

(True/False)

Ans : False

229.The full form of CNG Compressed Natural Gas. 1

(True/False)

Ans : True

230.Match the columns 1

Column A Column B
(a) Manganese (i) Electrical industries

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(b) Copper (ii) Karnataka
(c) Mica (iii) West Bengal
(d) Limestone (iv) Madhya Pradesh
(e) Coal (v) Cement

Ans : (a) (ii), (b) (iii), (c) (i), (d) (v), (e) (iv)

231.Which one of the following cities has emerged as the ‘electronic capital’ of India? [All India 1
2012]
(a) Delhi (b) Kolkata
(c) Bengaluru (d) Hyderabad

Ans : (c)

232.Which one of the following factors plays the most important role in the location of an industry in 1
a particular region?
(a) Raw material
(b) Market
(c) Least production cost
(d) Transport

Ans : (c)

233.Which of the following industries is not a heavy industriy. 1

(a) Cotton textile (b) Cement
(c) Iron and Steel (d) Ship building

Ans : (a)

234.Which one of the following industries manufactures telephones, computer, etc.? 1

(a) Cement
(b) Iron and Steel
(c) Electronic
(d) Chemical

Ans : (c)

235.Which one of the following public sector plants is located in Chhattisgarh? 1

(a) Bokaro Steel Plant
(b) Bhilai Steel Plant
(c) Durgapur Steel Plant
(d) Rourkela Steel Plant

Ans : (b)

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236.Which one of the following agencies, markets steel for the public sector plants? 1
(a) HAIL (b) SAIL
(c) TATA Steel (d) MNCC

Ans : (b)

237.Which one of the following is not a centre of Automobile industry ? 1

(a) Chennai (b) Bengaluru
(c) Jamshedpur (d) Coimbatore

Ans : (d)

238.SAIL is an example of _______________industry. 1

Ans : Public Sector

239.The first textile mill was set up at _____________. 1

Ans : Mumbai

240.India exports jute goods to ________________. 1

Ans : France

241.Silencers can be used to control______________. 1

Ans : Noise pollution

242.The sugar industry is well suited to the cooperative sector. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

243.Coir industry is an example of cooperative sector. 1

(True/False)

Ans : True

244.India is the largest producer of Sponge Iron. 1

(True/False)

Ans : True

245.Match the columns 1

Column A Column B

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(a) Leading centre of (i) Mumbai
Automobile industry
(b) A software technology park (ii) Gurgaon
(c) Software Technology
(iii) Chhattisgarh
Park in Kerala
(d) A leading centre of cotton textile
(iv) Bhubaneswar
industry
(v) 
(e) Bhilai Steel Plant
Thiruvananthapuram

Ans : (a) (ii), (b) (iv), (c) (v), (d) (i), (e) (iii)

246.Leading centre of woollen textile industry in Punjab 1

(a) Kanpur (b) Ludhiana
(c) Murshidabad (d) Panipat

Ans : (d)

247.TISCO is 1
(a) Joint Sector Industry
(b) Private Sector Industry
(c) Co-operative Sector Industry
(d) Public Sector Industry

Ans : (b)

248.Iron and Steel industry requires Iron ore, coking coal and limestone in which of the following 1
proportions?
(a) 2 : 3 : 1 (b) 4 : 2 : 1
(c) 1 : 2 : 3 (d) 2 : 3 : 4

Ans : (b)

249.The employees employed in the manufacturing of the car belongs to the _____________. 1

Ans : Secondary Sector

250._____________region has the maximum concentration of iron and steel industries. 1

Ans : Chhotanagpur region.

251.The Dabur industry is a public sector industry. 1

(True/False)

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Ans : False

252.Edible oil industry is an example of the agro based industry. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

253.What is the name given to the International Airport at Kolkata? 1

(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Meenambakkam
(c) Rajiv Gandhi
(d) Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose

Ans : (d)

254.Which one of the following means of transport is used for carrying solids in a slurry form? 1
(a) Trucks (b) Railways
(c) Pipelines (d) Ships

Ans : (c)

255.Which one of the following is an inland riverine port? 1

(a) Kandla (b) Kolkata
(c) Mumbai (d) Tuticorin

Ans : (b)

256.Which one of the following is not the means of mass communication? 1

(a) Cards and envelopes
(b) Radio
(c) Newspaper
(d) Films

Ans : (a)

257.The longest pipeline connects 1

(a) Hazira to Kanpur
(b) Salaya to Jalandhar
(c) Hazira to Jagdishpur
(d) Koyali to Haldia

Ans : (c)

258.Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? 1

 

Column I Column II
(a) First port (i) Kandla

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(b) Biggest port (ii) Mumbai
(c) A port located at the
(iii) Tuticorin
entrance of a lagoon
(d) An inland riverine port (iv) Kolkata
(e) Oldest artificial  port (v) Chennai

Ans : (c)

259.Difference between the total value of exports and imports is called ___________. 1
(a) Balance of Payment
(b) Balance of Trade
(c) Surplus Budget
(d) Deficit Balance

Ans : (b)

260.Which one of the following countries has the largest telecom network in Asia? 1
(a) China (b) Japan
(c) Pakistan (d) India

Ans : (d)

261.STD refers to 1
(a) Suburban Telephone Dialing
(b) Subscriber Trunk Dialing
(c) Social Telephone Distributor
(d) Speed Telephone Dialing

Ans : (b)

262.The first train was steamed off from 1

(a) Mumbai to Kalyan
(b) Mumbai to Delhi
(c) Mumbai to Thane
(d) Mumbai to Satara

Ans : (c)

263._______________is the largest producer of feature films in the world. 1

Ans : India

264._______________ has the lowest density of roads in India. 1

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Ans : Jammu and Kashmir

265.The two important navigable rivers of India are the ______________ and the ______________. 1

Ans : Ganga and Yamuna

266.The Raja Sansi is the southernmost International Airport. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

267.Marmagao is the premier iron ore exporting port of Goa. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

268.International Trade is considered as economic barometer for a country. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

269.Match the columns 1

Column A Column B
(a) Indira Gandhi International Airport (i) Odisha
(b) Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose (ii) Mumbai
(c) Chhatrapati Shivaji (iii) Kolkata
(d) Kandla (iv) Gujarat
(e) Paradwip (v) Delhi

Ans : (a) (v), (b) (iii), (c) (ii), (d) (iv), (e) (a)

270.Which one of the following is a subsidiary port of Kolkata? 1

(a) Tuticorin (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Haldia (d) Vishakhapatnam

Ans : (c)

271.The first class mail includes which one of the following? 1

(a) Book packets
(b) Registered newspapers
(c) Envelopes and cards
(d) Periodicals and journals

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Ans : (c)

272.The people who make the products come to the consumers by transportation are called _______. 1
(a) Businessman (b) Retailers
(c) Traders (d) Industrialists

Ans : (c)

273.Which one of the following commodities does not belong to items of export? 1
(a) Gems and jewellery
(b) Agriculture and allied products
(c) Fertilizers
(d) Engineering Goods

Ans : (c)

274.______________maintains the District Roads. 1

Ans : Zila Parishad

275.Maximum numbers of newspapers published in India are in ___________. 1

Ans : hindi

276.Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourism, medical tourism, adventure tourism and 1
business tourism. (True/False)

Ans : True

277.Andhra Pradesh has the maximum road density in India. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

278.Which of the following is an example of horizontal sharing of power? 1

(a) Power sharing between different states.
(b) Power sharing between different organs of the government.
(c) Power sharing between different levels of the government.
(d) Power sharing between different political parties.

Ans : (b)

279.Who elects the community government in Belgium? 1

(a) People belonging to one language community only.
(b) By the leader of Belgium.
(c) The citizens of the whole country.
(d) The community leaders of Belgium.

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Ans : (a)

280.The Community Government signifies: 1

(a) The powers of government regarding community development.
(b) The powers of the government regarding law making for the community.
(c) The powers of the government regarding cultural, educational and language related issues.
(d) The government enjoys privileges to safeguard the interest of a particular community.

Ans : (c)

281.The word ‘ethnic’ signifies: 1

(a) different religions.
(b) social division on shared culture.
(c) a violent conflict between opposite groups.
(d) a careful calculation of gains and losses.

Ans : (b)

282.Power sharing is: 1

(a) the very spirit of democracy
(b) separation of powers at different levels.
(c) system of checks and balances.
(d) a type of balancing powers.

Ans : (a)

283.Sinhala was recognised as the only official language by the _______________. 1

Ans : Act of 1956

284.A government for the entire country is usually called _______________. 1

Ans : Federal Government

285.A belief that the majority community should be able to rule country in whichever way they want, 1
by disregarding the wishes and needs of minority is known as ________________.

Ans : Majoritarianism

286.Power sharing is the distribution of powers at only one level of government. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

287.Power sharing arrangement among the different organs of the government is known as 1
horizontal sharing. (True/False)

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Ans : True

288.Belgium successfully solved its problem by Community Government. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

289.Match the columns 1

Column A Column B
(i) Each organ of the
(a) Coalition Government government checks
the other
(ii) Government of more
(b) Civil War than two political
parties
(iii) Power may also
(c) Check and Balance be shared among
different social groups
(iv) A violent conflict
(d) Community Government between opposing
groups

Ans : (a) (ii), (b) (iv), (c) (i), (d) (iii)

290.Choose the correct option: 1

Power sharing is desirable because it helps:
(a) To increase pressure on government.
(b) To reduce possibilities of conflicts.
(c) To generate awareness among people.
(d) To increase percentage of voters.

Ans : (b)

291.System of ‘checks and balances’ means: 1

(a) Horizontal distribution of powers.
(b) Separation of powers.
(c) Put a check on the exercise of unlimited powers of the organs of government by maintaining a
balance of power among various institutions.
(d) Federal division of powers

Ans : (c)

292.________________ is referred to as social division based on culture and language. 1

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Ans : Ethnic group

293.Community government is a very specific type of government in ________________. 1

Ans : Belgium

294.________________ was amended four times between 1970 and 1993. 1

Ans : Belgium Constitution

295.Two languages spoken in Sri Lanka are English and Sinhalese. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

296.The System of Panchayati Raj involves 1

(a) The village, block and district levels
(b) The village, and state levels
(c) The village district and state levels
(d) The village, state and Union levels

Ans : (a)

297.In case of a clash between the laws made by the centre and a state on a subject in the 1
concurrent list:
(a) the state law prevails.
(b) the central law prevails.
(c) both the laws prevail within their respective jurisdictions.
(d) the Supreme Court has to intervene to decide.

Ans : (b)

298.Match the following: 1

Column A Column B
(i) Decision-making body
(A) Union Territory
for the entire village
(ii) An alliance of more
(B) Local self than government two
parties
(iii) Representatives’
(C) Coalition government body at
the district level
(iv) Area which is run by
(D) Zila Parishad the Union / Central
government

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(a) A – (ii), B – (iii), C – (iv) and D – (i)
(b) A – (iv), B – (i), C – (iii) and D – (ii)
(c) A – (iv), B – (i), C – (ii) and D – (iii)
(d) A – (iv), B – (iii), C – (ii) and D – (i)

Ans : (c)

299.Which of the following subjects is not included in the state list? 1

(a) Law and order (b) National defence
(c) Education (d) Agriculture

Ans : (b)

300.In India’s federal system, the state governments have the power to legislate on all those 1
subjects which are included in the:
(a) Union list (b) State list
(c) Concurrent list (d) Residuary subjects

Ans : (b)

301.The Constitution of India 1

(a) divided powers between centre and states in three lists.
(b) divided powers between centre and states in two lists.
(c) listed the powers of the states and left the undefined powers to the state.
(d) Specified the powers of the states and left the residuary powers with the centre.

Ans : (a)

302.The system of government in which there is only one level of government is known as 1
___________.

Ans : Unitary Government

303.Banking and Defence are the subjects of ________________. 1

Ans : Union list

304.In 1947 the boundaries of several old states were changed on the basis of_______________. 1

Ans : language

305.Local self-government exists only in urban areas. 1

(True/False)

Ans : False

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306.The popular name of rural government is Panchayati Raj. 1

Ans : True

307.The chairperson of the municipal corporation is known as the Sarpanch. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

308.Match the columns 1

Column A Column B
(a) National Defence (i) rural areas
(b) Education (ii) District
(c) Local selfgovernment (iii) urban areas
(d) Municipal Corporation (iv) State list
(e) Zila Parishad (v) Union list

Ans : (a) (v), (b) (iv), (c) (i), (d) (iii), (e) (ii)

309.Which of the following government has two or more levels? 1

(a) Community Government
(b) Coalition Government
(c) Federal Government
(d) Unitary Government

Ans : (c)

310.Which of the following countries is an example of “coming together federation”? 1

(a) U.S.A (b) India
(c) Spain (d) Belgium

Ans : (a)

311.The highest institution of Panchayati Raj in rural areas is _______________. 1

Ans : Zila Parishad

312.The chairperson of the municipal corporation is known as the___________. 1

Ans : Mayor

313.Union Territories are the areas run by both the Union and the State Government. (True/False) 1

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Ans : False

314.‘Feminist movements’ are aimed at: 1

(a) Liberty (b) Equality
(c) Participation (d) Power

Ans : (b)

315.Which one of the following is not a cause of communalism? 1

(a) Religion is taken as the basis of the nation
(b) When one religion is discriminated against other
(c) State has no official religion
(d) Demands of one religious group are formed in opposition to another

Ans : (c)

316.Which of the following divisions is unique to India? 1

(a) Gender division (b) Caste division
(c) Economic division (d) Religious division

Ans : (b)

317.Select the laws enacted by the Parliament for the welfare of women. 1
(a) Special Marriage Act of 1955
(b) Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961
(c) Equal Remuneration Act of 1976
(d) All the above

Ans : (d)

318.Women in India are discriminated in; 1

(a) Political life (b) Social life
(c) Economic life (d) All of the above

Ans : (d)

319.“Sexual Division of labour signifies, that 1

(i) Gender division emphasises division on the basis of nature of work.
(ii) Division between men and women.
(iii) Caste is the basis of Gender Division.
(iv) Work decides the division between men and women.
(a) (i), (iii) and (iv) (b) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iii) (d) (iv) and (i)

Ans : (b)

320.In local self-government institutions, atleast one third of all positions are reserved for: 1
(a) men (b) women
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(c) children (d) scheduled tribes

Ans : (b)

321.Shift from ______________ areas to urban areas is known as occupational mobility. 1

Ans : rural

322._______________________ needs to be expressed in politics. 1

Ans : Gender Division

323.At present, caste continues to be closely linked to ______________________. 1

Ans : economic status

324.Communal politics is based on the idea that religion is the principal basis of social community. 1
(True/False)

Ans : True

325.People within the same caste or community have different interests depending on their 1
economic condition. (True/False)

Ans : True

326.Communalism signifies an ideology which stands for regional harmony and economic equality. 1
(True/False)

Ans : False

327.Inequality of women states equal treatment to women as compared to men. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

328.Match the columns 1

Column A Column B
(a) Number of girl children per
thousand (i) Secularist
boys in a given period
(b) Laws that deal with family
(ii)
related matters such as marriages,
Communalist
divorce, etc.
(c) A person who does not (iii) Family

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discriminate laws
others on the basis of religious
beliefs
(d) A person who says that religion
(iv) Child sex
is the
ratio
principal basis of community

Ans : (a) (iv), (b) (iii), (c) (i), (d) (ii)

329.“A woman or a man who believes in equal rights and opportunities for men and women.” Select 1
the correct option for the definition.
(a) Feminist (b) Patriarchy
(c) Caste hierarchy (d) Social change

Ans : (a)

330.‘Equal Wages Act’ signifies; 1

(a) Law that deals with family related matters.
(b) Law provides that equal wages should be paid for equal job for both men and women.
(c) An Act which signifies that all work inside the home is done by the women of the family.
(d) A radical law against the discriminatory attitude and sexual division of labour.

Ans : (b)

331.Which leaders worked for the elimination of caste system in India? 1

(a) Jotiba Phule, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Mahatma Gandhi and Periyar Ramaswami Naicker
(b) Raja Ram Mohun Roy, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Jotiba Phule, Periyar Ramaswami Naicker and Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Swami Vivekanand, Jotiba Phule and Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Ans : (a)

332.The concept of ______________ refers to a system that values men more and gives them power 1
over women.

Ans : patriarchy

333.Social division based on_______________________ is peculiar to India. 1

Ans : Caste

334.Shifting of population from rural areas to urban areas for better opportunity is called 1
____________.

Ans : urbanisation

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335.Indian Constitution advocates an official language for India. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

336.Gandhiji used to say that religion can never be separated from politics. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

337.Give the meaning of ‘Alliance’. 1

(a) Two parties together form the government.
(b) Leftist and Rightist together form the government.
(c) When state and national parties together form the government.
(d) When several parties in a multi-party system join for the purpose of contesting elections and
winning power.

Ans : (d)

338.The political party which believes in Marxism-Leninism is 1

(a) Nationalist Congress Party.
(b) Communist Party of India.
(c) Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)
(d) Bahujan Samaj Party

Ans : (b)

339.Which one of the following is considered the best form of government? 1

(a) Democracy (b) Dictatorship
(c) Monarchy (d) Military Rule

Ans : (a)

340.Select the statement related to the advantages of multi-party system 1

(a) Multi-party system provides limited choice to voters.
(b) There is a chance of conflict.
(c) Provides choice to the voters.
(d) In Multi-party system regional parties get the representation.

Ans : (c)

341.Political parties are allotted symbols by ________. 1

(a) The government of India
(b) The constitution of India
(c) The party leaders
(d) The Election Commission

Ans : (d)

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342.A recognised political party is one that 1
(a) is registered with the Election Commission of India.
(b) is given a unique Election symbol
(c) gets some other facilities recognised by the Election Commission
(d) All of these

Ans : (d)

343.A government is expected to base its policies on the line taken by the___________. 1

Ans : ruling party

344.The UK and USA have _______________ party system. 1

Ans : two party

345.The Constitution was amended to stop ____________. 1

Ans : defection

346.Communist Party of India is the oldest political party. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

347.Opposition parties are known as political minority. 1

(True/False)

Ans : True

348.Trinamool congress is a regional party of Odisha. 1

(True/False)

Ans : False

349.An Affidavit signifies (Legal); 1

(a) Signed document where a person makes a sworn statement regarding his or her antecedents.
(b) A law to check the menace.
(c) Legal document to declare the academic qualification.
(d) All of the above

Ans : (a)

350.What is an ideological one-party system? 1

(a) Party based on suppression of other parties.
(b) Party based on coercion.

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(c) Party based on ideological reasons; coercion and suppression of other parties.
(d) Party based on communist ideology.

Ans : (c)

351.Name the oldest political party of India. 1

(a) Bahujan Samaj Party
(b) Indian National Congress (Congress Party)
(c) The Communist Party
(d) Bharatiya Janata Party

Ans : (b)

352.Recognised political parties stand for: 1

(a) Parties recognised by the Election Commission with all the privileges and facilities.
(b) Parties that are present in only one of the federal units.
(c) Parties that are present in several and all units of the federation.
(d) Communal parties based on regional diversities.

Ans : (a)

353._______________ is the tendency to take a side and inability to take a balanced view on an issue. 1

Ans : Partisan

354.One of the demerits, of multiparty is that it often appears very messy and leads to political 1
______________.

Ans : instability

355.Bahujan Samaj Party was founded by Kanshi Ram in 1984. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

356.The UK and USA have a Two Party system. 1

(True/False)

Ans : True

357.Economic growth depends on which of the following? 1

(a) Size of the population of the country
(b) Territory or area of the country
(c) Global scenario
(d) Co-operation among various nations

Ans : (d)

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358.Social outcomes cover the areas like 1
(i) Dignity and freedom of citizens
(ii) Untouchability and discrimination
(iii) Gender equality
(iv) Ban on child labour
(a) (i), (iii) and (iv) (b) (ii), (i) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (i) only

Ans : (b)

359.The basic outcome of democracy is 1

(a) Political, social and economic outcome
(b) Military outcome
(c) Restricted and limited welfare policies.
(d) Elimination of poverty

Ans : (a)

360.If a government provides its citizens a right and means to examine the process of decision, it is 1
(a) An accountable government
(b) A responsible government
(c) A transparent government
(d) A stable government

Ans : (a)

361.What do democracies ensure regarding decision making? 1

(a) Process of transparency
(b) Decisions taken by the head of the country
(c) Decision by the Council of Ministers
(d) Restricted popular participation in decision making

Ans : (a)

362.Which of the following is not true about democracy? 1

(a) It always worries about majorities and public opinion.
(b) It improves the quality of decision making.
(c) Decision making is faster and quicker.
(d) It allows a room to correct mistakes.

Ans : (c)

363.Why is democracy considered as the better form of government than dictatorship? 1

(a) Promotes equality and enhances dignity of the individual.
(b) Never allows room to correct mistakes.
(c) Majority community rule
(d) Provides methods to resolve conflicts

Ans : (a)

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364.Growth and development of the country in the way of providing better facilities and services to 1
the individual signifies _______________.

Ans : economic development

365.Denial of opportunities to lead a long health, creative life and to enjoy a decent standard of 1
living is related to_____________.

Ans : poverty

366.Decisions taken through the correct procedure by involving the people is known 1
as_____________.

Ans : transparency

367.A democratic government is an accountable government. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

368.Democracies have successfully eliminated conflicts among people. (True/False) 1

Ans : False

369.The disadvantaged and discriminated castes have gained in strength due to democracy. 1
(True/False)

Ans : True

370.Match the columns 1

Column A Column B
(i) idea of
(a) A democratic
political
government is a
inequality
(ii) improves the
(b) A democracy is quality of
attentive to the needs of decision
making
(c) Democracies (iii) legitimate
have successfully eliminated government
(d) Democracy is considered a better
form of (iv) all citizens
government as it

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Ans : (a) (iii), (b) (iv), (c) (i), (d) (ii)

371.Political outcome signifies: 1

(i) Accountable and responsible government
(ii) Military rule
(iii) Legitimate government
(iv) Restricted popular participation
(a) (i), (iii) and (iv) (b) (iii), (i) and (ii)
(c) (i) and (ii) (d) (i) and (iii)

Ans : (d)

372.A government that takes decision by following norms and a proper procedure is: 1
(a) An accountable government
(b) A responsible government
(c) A transparent government
(d) A stable government

Ans : (c)

373.A democratic government is: 1

(a) An accountable government
(b) A responsive government
(c) A legitimate government
(d) All of the above

Ans : (d)

374.The government ruled by the monarch or king of the country is known as ____________. 1

Ans : monarchy

375.Privileges and rights to be valuable and important for the functioning of democratic society are 1
called ________________.

Ans : civil liberties

376.Political outcome signifies Military rule. 1

(True/False)

Ans : False

377.Development of a country can generally be determined by its: 1

(a) per capita income
(b) average literacy level
(c) health status of its people
(d) none of these

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Ans : (a)

378.Different persons could have different as well as conflicting notions of a country’s development. 1
A fair and just path for all should be achieved. Interpret the concept being discussed here.
(a) Social development
(b) Cultural development
(c) National development
(d) Economic development

Ans : (c)

379.Countries with higher income are ________ than others with less income. 1
(a) Less developed (b) More developed
(c) Less stronger (d) More organized

Ans : (b)

380.Total income of the country divided by its total population is known as: 1
(a) Capital Income (b) National Income
(c) Per capita income (d) GDP

Ans : (c)

381.Proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group is called as: 1
(a) Knowledge rate (b) Literacy rate
(c) Attendance rate (d) Excellence Rate

Ans : (b)

382.Which age group of children is included for calculating Net Attendance Ratio? 1
(a) 6 – 10 (b) 7 – 11
(c) 5 – 9 (d) 14 – 15

Ans : (d)

383.For calculating Body Mass Index (BMI), weight of the person is divided by the: 1
(a) Square of the weight
(b) Square of the height
(c) Square root of the height
(d) Square of the sum of height and weight

Ans : (b)

384.___________ is a comprehensive term which includes increase in real per capita income, 1
improvement in living standard of people, reduction in poverty, illiteracy, crime rate, etc.

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Ans : Development

385.___________ indicates the number of years a new born is expected to live. 1

Ans : Life expectancy at birth

386.The development that should take place without damaging the environment, and development 1
in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generations is known as
___________ .

Ans : Sustainable Economic Development

387.___________ means sustained increase in real per capita income that promotes economic 1
welfare by reducing poverty, unemployment and inequalities in distribution of income.

Ans : Economic development

388.Two important aspects of our lives other than income are ___________ and ___________ . 1

Ans : Equal treatment; freedom

389.___________ ensures availability of essential commodities like wheat, rice, sugar, edible oils and 1
kerosene, etc. to the consumers through a network of outlets or fair price shops.

Ans : Public Distribution System (PDS)

390.Economic development is a wider term as compared to human development. (True/False) 1

Ans : False, as economic development is a narrower term.

391.According to recent World Development Report, countries which had per capita income of US 1
dollar 12236 per annum are rich countries. (True/False)

Ans : True

392.Kerala has low infant mortality rate. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

393.A decent standard of living is a variable of Human Development Index. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

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394.If BMI is less than 18.5 then the person would be considered: 1
(a) over weight (b) long height
(c) under nourished (d) short height

Ans : (c)

395.What proportion of the country is over using their groundwater reserves? 1

(a) One-Fourth (b) One-Tenth
(c) One-Third (d) half

Ans : (c)

396.Resources which will get exhausted after years of use are: 1

(a) Renewable resources
(b) Non-durable resources
(c) Non-renewable resources
(d) Competing resources

Ans : (c)

397.The two developmental goals of landless rural labourers are ___________ and ___________ . 1

Ans : More days of work; better wages

398.The level of efficiency and productivity is low in a ___________ country. 1

Ans : Developing

399.Longevity implies how long a newborn is expected to live. (True/False) 1

Ans : True

400.The Human Development Index (HDI) rank of India in the world is 151 as per 2016. (True/False) 1

Ans : False, as the HDI rank of India in the world is 131 as per 2016.

401.The sectors are classified into public and private sector on the basis of: 1
(a) Employment conditions
(b) The nature of economic activities
(c) Number of workers employed
(d) Ownership of enterprises

Ans : (d)

402.When we produce a good by exploiting natural resources, it is an activity of the: 1

(a) Secondary sector (b) Tertiary sector

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(c) Primary sector (d) Organised sector

Ans : (c)

403.The service sector includes activities such as: 1

(a) agriculture, dairy, fishing and forestry
(b) making sugar, gur and bricks
(c) transport, communication and banking
(d) None of these

Ans : (c)

404.Choose the correct meaning of organised sector: 1

(a) It covers those enterprises where the terms of employment are regular.
(b) It is outside the control of the government.
(c) Jobs are not regular.
(d) It provides low salaries.

Ans : (a)

405.Which of the following is included in tertiary sector? 1

(a) ATM booths (b) Call centres
(c) Internet cafe (d) All of them

Ans : (d)

406.Government owns most of the assets and provides all the services: 1
(a) Private Sector (b) Public Sector
(c) Organised Sector (d) Tertiary Sector

Ans : (b)

407.The value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular year is 1
called as:
(a) Gross Domestic Product
(b) Net Domestic Product
(c) National Product
(d) Production of Tertiary Sector

Ans : (a)

408.___________ refers to the activities which are undertaken by people with the object of earning 1
money.

Ans : Economic activities

409.A housewife looking after the household is an example of ___________ . 1

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Ans : non-economic activities

410.All goods which are used as raw material for further production of other goods or for resale in 1
the same year are called ___________ .

Ans : intermediate goods

411.The Act guaranteed 100 days of employment in a year or unemployment allowances to the 1
people should be provided by the government is known as ___________ .

Ans : Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MGNREGA 2005)

412.___________ sector is governed by various laws such as Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act etc. 1

Ans : Organised

413.There is no provision for overtime, paid leave, holidays etc. in unorganized sector. (True/False) 1

Ans : True, as the jobs are not regular and lack in security.

414.The objective of public sector is to maximize profits. 1

(True/False)

Ans : False, as the objective of public sector is to promote public welfare and not to maximize
profits.

415.Railways comes under public sector. (True/False) 1

Ans : True, as the government owns them.

416.Capital is the only factor of production. (True/False) 1

Ans : False, as labour and land are also factors of production.

417.A situation in which more persons are employed on a job than are optimally required is: 1

(a) Structural unemployment

(b) Disguised unemployment

(c) Cyclical unemployment

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(d) Seasonal unemployment

Ans : (b)

418.Out of 200 million children in the school going age group, how many are attending schools? 1
(a) One-fourth (b) Half
(c) Two-thirds (d) One-fifth

Ans : (c)

419.Central government in India made a law, implementing the Right to Work in how many districts 1
of India?
(a) 150 districts (b) 200 districts
(c) 250 districts (d) 625 districts

Ans : (d)

420.___________ includes production by exploiting natural resources. 1

Ans : Primary sector

421.___________ and ___________ are the two factors of production. 1

Ans : Capital; labour

422.The goods which are meant either for consumption by consumers or for investment by firms are 1
called final goods. (True/False)

Ans : True, as they are produced either for consumption or investment.

423.Under NREGA 2005, the government guaranteed 120 days of work to rural household. 1
(True/False)

Ans : False, as under NREGA 2005, the government guaranteed 100 days of work to rural
household.

424.When more persons are employed in a job rather than optimally required is seasonal 1
unemployment. (True/False)

Ans : False, as when more persons are employed in a job rather than optimally required it is a
case of disguised unemployment.

425.Which one of the following statements is most appropriate regarding transaction made in 1
money?
(a) It is the easiest way.
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(b) It is the safest way.
(c) It is the cheapest way.
(d) It promotes trade.

Ans : (a)

426.Which one of the following is a modern form of currency? 1

(a) Gold (b) Silver
(c) Copper (d) Paper notes

Ans : (d)

427.Which among the following authorities issues currency notes on behalf of the government? 1
(a) Government of India
(b) The State Bank of India
(c) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
(d) Reserve Bank of India

Ans : (d)

428.In which of the following systems exchange of goods is done without use of money? 1
(a) Credit system (b) Barter system
(c) Banking system (d) Collateral system

Ans : (b)

429.Banks provide a higher rate of interest on which of the following accounts? 1

(a) Saving account
(b) Current account
(c) Fixed deposits for long period
(d) Fixed deposits for very short period

Ans : (c)

430.Banks use the major portion of the deposits to: 1

(a) Keep as reserve so that people may withdraw
(b) Meet their routine expenses
(c) Extend loans
(d) Meet renovation of bank

Ans : (c)

431.According to Crowther, “___________ can be defined as anything that is generally accepted as a 1

means of exchange and at the same time acts as a measure and as a store of value.”

Ans : Money

432.The modern forms of money include ___________ and ___________ . 1

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Ans : Paper notes; coins

433.A _____________ is the apex institution of monetary system of a country. 1

Ans : Central Bank (RBI in case of India)

434.Currency (coins and notes) is a ___________ which cannot be refused in payment for 1
transactions.

Ans : Legal tender money

435.The deposits in a bank which are payable on demand are called ___________ . 1

Ans : Demand deposits

436.___________ is an agreement whereby a financial institution agrees to lend a borrower a 1

maximum amount of money over a given period of time.

Ans : Credit

437.Money eliminates the need for double coincidence of wants. (True/False) 1

Ans : True, as money acts as the medium of exchange.

438.Credit card is a paper instructing the bank to pay a specific amount from the person’s account to 1
the person in whose name it has been made. (True/False)

Ans : False, as it is cheque which is a paper instructing the bank to pay a specific amount from
the person’s account to the person in whose name it has been made.

439.Informal sector credit includes loans from banks and cooperatives. (True/False) 1

Ans : False, as informal sector credit includes loans from friends, relatives, moneylenders,
traders etc.

440.Rich households largely depend on informal sources of credit. (True/False) 1

Ans : False, as rich households largely depend on formal sources of credit.

441.In formal sector, higher rate of interest is charged. (True/False) 1

Ans : False, as higher rate of interest is charged in informal sector and not in the formal sector.

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442.What percentage of their deposits is kept as cash by the banks in India? 1
(a) 25% (b) 20%
(c) 15% (d) 10%

Ans : (c)

443.The informal source of credit does not include which one of the following? 1
(a) Traders
(b) Friends
(c) Cooperative Societies
(d) Moneylenders

Ans : (c)

444.Which one of the following is the new way of providing loans to the rural poor? 1
(a) Co-operative societies
(b) Traders
(c) Relatives and friends
(d) SHGs

Ans : (d)

445.‘Low rate of interest’ is a feature of ___________ credit. 1

Ans : Formal

446.___________ includes details regarding interest rate, collateral and documentation requirement, 1
and the mode of payment.

Ans : Terms of Credit

447.The situation when it becomes impossible to repay the loan and the borrower adds on a new 1
debt to pay the existing one is known as ___________ .

Ans : Debt-trap

448.In rural areas, the main demand for credit is for building houses. (True/False) 1

Ans : False, as in rural areas, the main demand for credit is for crop production.

449.‘Inculcating saving habits in community’ is an objective of Self Help Groups. (True/False) 1

Ans : True, as the SHGs try to organise rural poor especially to promote the saving habit.

450.Removing barriers or restrictions set by the government is called: 1

(a) Liberalisation (b) Investment

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(c) Fovourable trade (d) Free trade

Ans : (a)

451.Rapid integration or interconnection between countries is known as: 1

(a) Privatisation (b) Globalisation
(c) Liberalisation (d) Socialisation

Ans : (b)

452.Globalisation has led to improvement in living conditions: 1

(a) of all the people
(b) of people in the developed countries
(c) of workers in the developing countries
(d) none of the above.

Ans : (c)

453.Which one of the following Indian industries has been hit hard by globalisation? 1
(a) Information Technology (IT)
(b) Toy making
(c) Jute
(d) Cement

Ans : (b)

454.World Trade Organisation (WTO) was started at the initiative of which one of the following 1
group of countries?
(a) Rich countries
(b) Poor countries
(c) Developed countries
(d) Developing countries

Ans : (c)

455.Which of the following organisations lays stress on liberalisation of foreign trade and foreign 1
investment?
(a) International Labour Organisation
(b) International Monetary Fund
(c) World Health Organisation
(d) World Trade Oraganisation

Ans : (d)

456.Investments made by MNCs are termed as: 1

(a) Indigenous investment
(b) Foreign investment
(c) Entrepreneur’s investment
(d) None of the above

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Ans : (b)

457.Which of the following is not a feature of a Multi-National Company? 1

(a) It owns/controls production in more than one nation.
(b) It sets up factories where it is close to the markets.
(c) It organises production in complex ways.
(d) It employs labour only from its own country.

Ans : (d)

458._____________ refers to all those different economic reforms or policy measures and changes 1
which aim at increasing the productivity and efficiency by creating an environment of competition
in the economy.

Ans : New Economic Policy

459.Indian government felt the need for removing barriers on foreign trade and foreign investment in 1
____________ .

Ans : 1991

460.A _____________ is a company that owns or controls production in more than one nation/country. 1

Ans : Multinational Corporation (MNC)

461._____________refers to exchange of goods, i.e., purchase and sale, across geographical 1

boundaries of the countries.

Ans : Foreign trade

462.Tax on imports is an example of: 1

(a) Terms of Trade
(b) Collateral
(c) Trade Barriers
(d) Foreign Trade

Ans : (c)

463.Which one of the following is not characteristic of ‘Special Economic Zone’? 1

(a) They do not have to pay taxes for long period.
(b) Government has allowed flexibility in labour laws.
(c) They have world class facilities.
(d) They do not have to pay taxes for an initial period of five years.

Ans : (a)

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464.Companies who set up production units in the Special Economic Zones (SEZs) do not have to 1
pay taxes for an initial period of:
(a) 2 years (b) 5 years
(c) 4 years (d) 10 years

Ans : (b)

465.It refers to the globalisation which creates opportunities for all and ensures that its benefits are 1
better shared.
(a) Privatisation
(b) Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
(c) World Trade Organisation (WTO)
(d) Fair globalisation

Ans : (d)

466.The main aim of World Trade Organisation is ____________ . 1

Ans : To liberalise international trade

467.‘Increased job opportunities’ is an impact of ____________ . 1

Ans : Globalisation

468.The industrial zones which are set up to attract the foreign investment are known as 1
____________ .

Ans : Special Economic Zones (SEZs)

469.‘Ensuring that rules are being followed’ is a function of World Trade Organisation. (True/False) 1

Ans : True, as it is an international body looking after the free-trade between the numbers.

470.As on July 2016, 175 countries are the members of World Trade Organisation. (True/False) 1

Ans : False, as on July 2016, nearly 165 countries are the members of World Trade
Organisation.

471.UNICEF is one such organisation whose aim is to liberalise international trade. (True/False) 1

Ans : False, as WTO is one such organisation whose aim is to liberalise international trade and
not UNICEF.

472.What was the most important feature of the satyagraha movement advocated by Gandhiji? 1

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Ans : Gandhiji's advocacy of truth and non-violence was the most important feature of
satyagraha.

473.Why was satyagraha organised in Champaran in 1916? 1

Ans : A satyagraha was organised in Champaran to oppose the oppressive plantation system.

474.Why did Gandhiji organise satyagraha in 1917 in Kheda district of Gujarat? 1

Ans : Gandhiji organised satyagraha in 1917 in Kheda district of Gujarat to protect against high
revenue demand from the peasants even after crop failure and crop epidemic.

475.With what object did General Dyer open fire on the peaceful gathering at Jallianwalla Bagh on 1
13th April, 1919?

Ans : General Dyer’s objective was to create a feeling of terror and awe in the minds of the
satyagrahis.

476.What does the term Khalifa refer to? 1

Ans : The term Khalifa refers to the spiritual leader of the Muslim community.

477.Who led the Khilafat movement in Bombay? 1

Ans : Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali led the Khilafat movement in Bombay.

478.In which Indian National Congress session, the idea of Khilafat–Non-Cooperation Movement 1
was accepted?

Ans : The idea of Khilafat–Non-Cooperation was accepted at the Indian National Congress
Session in Calcutta (Kolkata) in September 1920.

479.Who wrote Hind Swaraj? 1

Ans : Hind Swaraj was written by Mahatma Gandhi.

480.What was the outcome of Congress Session at Nagpur in 1920? 1

Ans : The adoption of Non-Cooperation programme was the outcome of Congress session at
Nagpur in 1920.

481.What is meant by begar? 1

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Ans : Forced labour without payment is called begar.

482.Which act did not permit plantation workers to leave the tea gardens without permission? 1

Ans : Inland Emigration Act of 1859 did not permit the plantation workers to leave the tea
gardens without permission.

483.What did ‘Swaraj’ mean to the plantation workers in Assam? 1

Ans : For the plantation workers in Assam, Swaraj meant retaining a link with their villages.

484.By whom was the Swaraj Party formed? 1

Ans : The Swaraj Party was formed by Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das.

485.Why was the Simon Commission sent to India? 1

Ans : The Simon Commission was sent to India to look into Indian constitutional matters and
suggest reforms.

486.Why was the Simon Commission boycotted? 1

Ans : Simon Commission was boycotted because there was no Indian member in the
Commission.

487.At which session of Congress was the resolution of ‘Purna Swaraj’ adopted? 1

Ans : The resolution of ‘Purna Swaraj’ was adopted at the Lahore Congress Session in
December 1929.

488.Why did Gandhiji oppose the Salt Law? 1

Ans : The British government acquired monopoly rights over manufacture and sale of salt. It
led to increase in the price of salt. Therefore, Gandhiji opposed the salt law.

489.Who led the Civil Disobedience Movement in Peshawar? 1

Ans : Abdul Gaffar Khan, also known as Frontier Gandhi, led the Civil Disobedience Movement
in Peshawar.

490.Name two industrial organisations which were established by Indian merchants and 1
industrialists to protect their business interests.

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Ans : The two industrial organisations which were established by the Indian merchants and
industrialists to protect their business interests were:
(a) The Indian Industrial and Commercial Congress in 1920.
(b) The Federation of Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) in 1927.

491.Which movement saw the active participation of women for the first time? 1

Ans : The active participation of women was first seen during the Civil Disobedience
Movement.

492.Who organised the dalits into Depressed Classes Association in 1930? 1

Ans : Dr. B.R. Ambedkar organised the dalits into Depressed Classes Association in 1930.

493.Why did Dr. Ambedkar and Gandhiji clash in the second Round Table Conference? 1

Ans : Dr. Ambedkar demanded separate electorate for dalits. He thought that a share in
political power would help in their upliftment. Gandhiji opposed separate electorates as it
would create disunity. So, their viewpoint clashed at the second Round Table Conference.

494.Why was Gandhiji against the demand for separate electorates? 1

Ans : Gandhiji was against the demand for separate electorates for dalits because he felt that
this would slow down the process of integration of dalits into the mainstream of the
society.

495.Which agreement gave seats to the depressed classes in provincial and central legislative 1
councils?

Ans : Poona Pact of September 1932 gave seats to the depressed classes in provincial and
central legislative councils.

496.What was the main point of difference between the Congress and Muslim League? 1

Ans : The main point of difference between the Congress and the Muslim League was over the
question of representation in the future assemblies that were to be elected.

497.By whom was the first image of Bharat Mata painted? 1

Ans : The first image of Bharat Mata was painted by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay.

498.Who wrote Vande Mataram? 1

Ans : Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay wrote Vande Mataram.

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499.Why did the nationalists in India tour villages? 1

Ans : Nationalists in India toured villages to gather folk songs and legends so as to produce a
true picture of traditional Indian culture to discover one's identity and restore a sense of
pride in one’s past.

500.Why is Alluri Sitaram Raju well-known? 1

Ans : Alluri Sitaram Raju is well-known for leading the militant movement of tribal peasants in
the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh.

501.Name the viceroy who announced a vague offer of dominion status for India in October 1929. 1

Ans : Lord Irwin announced the vague offer of dominion status for India in October 1929.

502.Why was the Congress reluctant to include workers’ demand as part of its programme of 1
struggle?

Ans : Congress was reluctant to include workers’ demand as part of its programme of struggle
because it thought that by doing so, they would lose the financial assistance and support
from the industrialists.

503.What was the significance of Poona Pact, 1932? 1

Ans : The Poona Pact, 1932 led to the compromise between Ambedkar and Gandhiji on the
issue of separate electorates.

504.Who wrote the famous novel Anandamath? 1

Ans : The famous novel Anandamath was written by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay.

505.What is 'El Dorado' in South America famous for? 1

Ans : 'El Dorado' was an imaginary land of great wealth, the fabled city of gold.

506.Through which route the Early Christian missionaries travelled to Asia? 1

Ans : Early Christian missionaries travelled through the Silk Route.

507.Which food travelled west from China to be called spaghetti? 1

Ans : Noodles

508.The introduction of which crop led the European poor to eat better and live longer? 1

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Ans : Potato

509.Name the crop that our ancestors did not know until about five centuries ago? 1

Ans : Potato was not known to our ancestors until about five centuries ago.

510.Who discovered the continent of America? 1

Ans : America was discovered by Christopher Columbus.

511.Which European country first conquered America? 1

Ans : The Spanish first conquered America.

512.Which powerful weapon was used by Spanish to conquer America? 1

Ans : Germs of smallpox were used by the Spanish to conquer America.

513.Name two countries which were world's richest countries till the 18th century. 1

Ans : India and China.

514.What were Corn Laws? 1

Ans : Under pressure from the landed groups, government restricted the import of corn. The
laws allowing the government to do this are known as Corn Laws.

515.How was the transport of perishable foods possible over long distances? 1

Ans : Refrigerated ships, enabled the transport of perishable food over long distances.

516.Why did the big European powers meet in Berlin in 1885? 1

Ans : In 1885 the big European powers met at Berlin to complete the division of Africa among
themselves.

517.What was rinderpest? When did it arrive in Africa? 1

Ans : Rinderpest was a kind of cattle plague. It arrived in Africa in 1890s.

518.What is indentured labour? 1

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Ans : It is a bonded labour who had agreed under contract to work for an employer for a
specific period and to pay his passage to a new country or home.

519.What were the main destinations of Indian indentured migrants? 1

Ans : Indentured Indian migrants were taken to Caribbean islands (mainly Trinidad, Guyana
and Surinam) Mauritius and Fiji.

520.What was 'Hosay'? 1

Ans : The Muharram procession in Trinidad turned into a riotous carnival called Hosay (for
Imam Hussain). It took place annually. Workers of all races and religions joined the
procession.

521.Who popularised Rastafarianism? 1

Ans : Rastafarianism was made famous by the Jamaican reggae star Bob Marley. It reflected
cultural links with India.

522.What was Chutney music? 1

Ans : Chutney music was popular in Trinidad and Guyana. It is an expression of post-indenture
experience.

523.Name a Nobel Prize winning writer who is a descendant of indentured labour from India? 1

Ans : V. S. Naipaul.

524.Which West-Indies cricketers trace their roots to indentured labour migrants from India? 1

Ans : Ramnaresh Sarwan and Shivnarine Chanderpaul.

525.Who were 'Coolies'? 1

Ans : Descendants of Indian indentured labourers were often referred to as coolies in Trinidad.

526.What is meant by trade surplus? 1

Ans : Trade surplus means higher value of exports than the value of imports.

527.Who were the ‘Allies’ during the First World War? 1

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Ans : During the First World War the Allies were Britain, France and Russia. They were, later
joined by the United States.

528.Which country was not a member of the Central Powers? 1

Ans : Japan.

529.Who adopted the concept of an assembly line to produce automobiles? 1

Ans : Henry Ford.

530.Who made the best-cost cutting decision? 1

Ans : Henry Ford.

531.What was the 'hire purchase' system? 1

Ans : Hire purchase system means purchase on credit, repaid in weekly or monthly
instalments.

532.Name the countries who were members of Axis Powers. 1

Ans : The Axis Powers consisted of Nazi Germany, Italy and Japan.

533.Who were the Allies during the Second World War? 1

Ans : The Allies consisted of Britain, France, the Soviet Union and the US during the Second
World War.

534.Which institution was established in the Bretton Woods Conference? 1

Ans : International Monetary Fund.

535.What was the Bretton Woods System? 1

Ans : It was post-war international economic system.

536.What is referred to as the ‘Bretton Woods twins’? 1

Ans : The IMF and the World Bank.

537.What is G-77? 1

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Ans : G-77 is a group of developing countries.

538.Define fixed exchange rates. 1

Ans : When exchange rates are fixed and the government intervenes to prevent movement.

539.How were cowries used in the ancient period? 1

Ans : Cowries or seashells were used as a form of currency.

540.What does Silk Route refer to? 1

Ans : It refers to network of routes connecting Asia with Europe and Northern Africa.

541.In the context of industrial production what is meant by assembly line production? 1

Ans : Assembly line was a method of faster and cheaper way of producing vehicles. The
method was introduced by Henry Ford.

542.Which country has an effective right of veto over IMF and World Bank? 1

Ans : USA

543.What was the aim of post-war international economic system? 1

Ans : The aim was to preserve economic stability and full employment in industrial world.

544.What are trade guilds? 1

Ans : Trade guilds are associations of traders and merchants that trained crafts people,
maintained control over production and regulated prices.

545.Who is a ‘stapler’? 1

Ans : A stapler is a person who sorts wool according to its fibre.

546.Which city was known as finishing centre? 1

Ans : London was famous as the finishing centre.

547.Who created the first cotton mill? 1

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Ans : The first cotton mill was created by Richard Arkwright.

548.What was the first symbol of the new era in England in the late 18th century? 1

Ans : Cotton became the first symbol of the new era in England in the late 18th century.

549.Who improved upon the steam engine produced by Newcomen? 1

Ans : James Watt.

550.Which industries were the dynamic industries of England during its earliest phase of 1
industrialisation?

Ans : Cotton and Iron and steel industries.

551.Name the areas that demanded seasonal labour in England. 1

Ans : The production areas that demanded seasonal labour in England were gas works,
breweries and dockyards.

552.Who invented the Spinning Jenny? 1

Ans : Spinning Jenny was devised by James Hargreaves.

553.Name an eminent pre-colonial port. 1

Ans : Surat was an eminent pre-colonial port.

554.To which ports did Surat on the Gujarat coast connect India? 1

Ans : Surat connected India to the Gulf and Red Sea Ports.

555.On which coast is Masulipatam situated? 1

Ans : Masulipatam is situated on the Coromandel coast.

556.Name two new ports which grew in importance after the decline of Surat and Hooghly. 1

Ans : Bombay and Calcutta.

557.Who was Henry Patullo? What did he say about the Indian textiles? 1

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Ans : Henry Patullo was an East India Company official. He said that demand for Indian textile
could never reduce, because no country produced goods of the same quality.

558.What were the paid servants of the East India Company to supervise the weavers called? 1

Ans : The paid servants of the East India Company to supervise the weavers were called the
gomasthas.

559.What was China trade? 1

Ans : The British in India began exporting opium to China and took tea from China to England.
Many Indians participated in this trade, provided finance, procuring supplies and shipping
consignments. It was called China trade.

560.Who set up six joint stock companies in Bengal? 1

Ans : In Bengal, Dwarkanath Tagore set up six joint companies in 1830s and 1840s.

561.Who established the first Jute mill in India? 1

Ans : Seth Hukum Chand.

562.Which was the first Asian country to be industrialized? 1

Ans : India.

563.Why did the Manchester imports into India decline when the First World War started? 1

Ans : When the First World War started, the British mills were busy in supplying goods to the
army. So Manchester imports into India declined.

564.Why did the handloom cloth production increase in the 20th century? 1

Ans : Handloom cloth production increased in the 20th century because new technology like
looms with flying shuttle were introduced.

565.What message did the Indian manufacturers try to give through advertisements? 1

Ans : The Indian manufacturers tried to convey the message through advertisements that if
you cared for the nation then buy Indian goods.

566.What were the first symbols of industrialisation? 1

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Ans : Cotton and metal (iron and steel) production was the first symbol of industrialisation.

567.What is the monopoly of trade? 1

Ans : Monopoly of trade is the practice, in which a country develops a system of management
and control, eliminating competition, control costs, ensure regulated supply of products.
For example, British colonisers used to monopolise products such as silk and cotton in
India.

568.Who are the bourgeoisie? 1

Ans : The upper middle class in Europe is called the bourgeoisie.

569.How did handloom cloth production increase in early 20th century? 1

Ans : Handloom cloth production increased in the early 20th century due to new technology
like looms with flying shuttle.

570.How did the early Indian entrepreneurs make their fortune? 1

Ans : The early entrepreneurs made their fortune through China trade.

571.Why did the weavers suffer from a problem of raw cotton? 1

(a) The cotton crop perished
(b) Raw cotton exports increased
(c) Local markets shrank
(d) Export market collapsed

Ans : (b)

572.In Victorian Britain the upper classes-aristocratic class and bourgeoisie preferred handmade 1
goods because:
(a) they were made from imported material.
(b) the handmade goods came to symbolize refinement and class.
(c) they were better finished.
(d) only upper class could afford the expensive items.

Ans : (b)

573.Where did the earliest kind of print technology i.e., the system of hand printing develop? 1

Ans : The earliest kind of print technology was developed in China.

574.Name the Chinese traditional book which was folded and stitched at the side. 1

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Ans : Accordion Book.

575.What is calligraphy? 1

Ans : Calligraphy is the art of beautiful and stylised writing.

576.Name the city in China, which became the hub of new print culture in the late nineteenth 1
century.

Ans : Shanghai.

577.Name the oldest Japanese book. 1

Ans : The oldest Japanese book is the Buddhist Diamond Sutra.

578.What was the earlier name of Tokyo? 1

Ans : Edo

579.In early times how did silk and spices from China reach Europe? 1

Ans : Silk and spices from China reached Europe through the ‘Silk Route’

580.What is vellum? 1

Ans : Vellum is a parchment made from the skin of animals.

581.How were woodblocks used in Europe in the early fifteenth century? 1

Ans : By the early 15th century, woodblocks were being widely used in Europe to print textiles,
playing cards and religious scriptures.

582.What are taverns? 1

Ans : Taverns are places where people gather to drink alcohol, to eat food and to meet friends
and exchange news.

583.Why did the Roman Catholic Church begin to maintain an Index of Prohibited Books from 1558? 1

Ans : The Roman Catholic Church maintained an Index of Prohibited Books from 1558 to
impose severe control over publishers and booksellers.

584.What are almanacs? 1

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Ans : An almanac was an annual publication giving astronomical data, information about the
movement of the sun and moon, timing of full tides and eclipse etc.

585.What are chapbooks? 1

Ans : In England, penny chapbooks were carried by pedlars and sold for a penny, so that even
the poor could buy them.

586.What were Biliotheque Blue in France? 1

Ans : ‘Biliotheque Blue’ were low priced books, printed on cheap paper and bound in blue cover
in France.

587.Who said the following words: ‘Tremble, therefore, tyrants of the world! Tremble before the 1
virtual writer!’

Ans : Louise-Sebastien Mercier.

588.What was the contribution of Richard M. Hoe to the art of printing? 1

Ans : Richard M. Hoe of New York perfected the power driven cylindrical press. It could print
8000 sheets per hour. It was useful for printing newspapers.

589.What were Shilling Series? 1

Ans : In the early 20th century, popular works in England were sold in cheap series called the
Shilling Series.

590.Mention any one characteristic feature of an offset press. 1

Ans : The offset press could print up to six colours at a time.

591.Who brought the printing press first to Goa? 1

Ans : The first printing press was brought to Goa by the Portuguese missionaries in the mid-
sixteenth century.

592.Who brought out the Bengal Gazette? 1

Ans : Gangadhar Bhattacharya

593.Who published Sambad Kaumudi? 1

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Ans : Raja Rammohun Roy.

594.Name two Persian newspapers which were published from 1822 onwards. 1

Ans : The Persian newspapers were

(a) Jam-l-Jahan Nama                   (b) Shamsul Akhbar

595.Name the first edition of Indian religious text published in vernacular. 1

Ans : The first edition of the Indian religious text published in vernacular was the
Ramcharitmanas of Tulsidas.

596.Who wrote the autobiography Amar Jiban? 1

Ans : Rashsundari Debi.

597.What was the subject matter of the writings of Tarabai Shinde and Pandita Ramabai? 1

Ans : Tarabai Shinde and Pandita Ramabai wrote about the miserable lives of uppercaste
Hindu women especially widows.

598.Name the book published by Rama Chadha in Punjab. What was the main theme of the book? 1

Ans : Rama Chadha published the fast selling book Istri Dharam Vichar to teach women how
to be obedient wives.

599.What was Battala? 1

Ans : It was an area, in central Calcutta which was used to print popular books.

600.What was the main topic of Jyotiba Phule’s book Gulamgiri? 1

Ans : In his book Gulamgiri, Jyotiba Phule wrote about the injustices of the caste system.

601.Why was the Vernacular Press Act passed? 1

Ans : Vernacular Press Act was passed to give extensive powers to the government to censor
reports and editorials in Vernacular languages.

602.Who was the editor of the newspaper Kesari? 1

Ans : Balgangadhar Tilak.

603.What is lithography? 1
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Ans : It is the process of printing from a surface i.e., from a stone or a metal plate, on which
the image to be printed is ink receptive and blank area ink-repellent.

604.Who proclaimed printing as the ultimate and the greatest gift of God? 1

Ans : Martin Luther.

605.What was Penny Magazine? 1

Ans : Penny Magazines were the weekly periodicals with illustrated publication priced at one
penny.

606.Name two presses which published numerous religious texts in vernacular languages. 1

Ans : (a) Naval Kishore Press at Lucknow.

(b) Shri Venkateshwara Press in Bombay.

607.What is a resource? 1

Ans : Everything available in our environment, which can be used to satisfy our needs,
provided, is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable,
can be called a resource.

608.What are international resources? 1

Ans : International resources are the resources which belong to all human race and cannot be
used by any country without an agreement with international institutions.

609.To what distance do the territorial waters of India extend? 1

Ans : The territorial waters of India extend upto 12 nautical miles (22.2 km) from the coast.

610.Where was the first International Earth Summit held? 1

Ans : The first International Earth Summit was held at Rio de Janeiro, in Brazil.

611.When was Rio de Janeiro Summit held? 1

Ans : Rio de Janeiro was held in 1992.

612.What is the full form of UNCED? 1

Ans : United Nations Conference on Environment and Development.

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613.What is resource planning? 1

Ans : Judicious use of resources is known as resource planning.

614.What is the area brought under cultivation in a year called? 1

Ans : Net sown area.

615.Name the most widespread relief feature of India. 1

Ans : Plains are the most widespread relief feature of India. They form 43 per cent of the land
area.

616.What factor is responsible for maximum land degradation? 1

Ans : Human activities.

617.According to the National Forest Policy, what should be the percentage of forest area in a 1
country?

Ans : 33%

618.What is bangar? 1

Ans : Old alluvial soil is called bangar.

619.What term is used to identify the old and new alluvial respectively? 1

Ans : Old alluvial is called bangar and new alluvial is called khadar.

620.What soil is the best for cotton cultivation? 1

Ans : Black soil

621.What gives red and yellow colour to red and yellow soil? 1

Ans : Red and yellow soil develops a reddish colour due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and
metamorphic rocks. It looks yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form.

622.What is the name of the soil formed by intense leaching? 1

Ans : Laterite soil

623.What type of soil is suitable for crops like cashewnuts? 1

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Ans : Laterite soil with adequate doses of manures and fertilizers is suitable for crops like
cashewnuts.

624.Where does the laterite soil develop? 1

Ans : Laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall.

625.What type of soil develops due to high temperature and evaporation? 1

Ans : Arid Soil

626.Name the natural forces which lead to soil erosion. 1

Ans : The natural forces which lead to soil erosion are wind, glacier and water.

627.What are gullies? 1

Ans : The running water cuts through clayey soils and makes deep channels, called gullies.

628.What are badlands? 1

Ans : Due to the formation of gullies, the land becomes unfit for cultivation and is known as
badland.

629.What is a ravine? 1

Ans : A ravine is a deep narrow valley on earth's surface formed by running water.

630.What is sheet erosion? 1

Ans : Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large area down the slope. In such cases the top
soil washes away. It is called sheet erosion.

631.What is responsible for sheet erosion? 1

Ans : Water

632.What method is used to break up the force of wind? 1

Ans : Strip Cropping

633.Which is the main cause of land degradation in Madhya Pradesh? 1

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Ans : Deforestation

634.Which is a special feature of the sustainable development? 1

Ans : Development should take place without damaging the environment.

635.What resources can be acquired by a nation? 1

Ans : National resources can be acquired by a nation.

636.Explain the term wasteland. 1

Ans : Wasteland includes rocky, arid and desert areas and land put to non-agricultural use like
settlements, roads and railways.

637.What is culturable wasteland? 1

Ans : It is the land left uncultivated for more than five agricultural years.

638.Name the type of farming in which crops are grown using primitive tools. 1

Ans : Primitive Subsistence farming.

639.Jhumming refers to what type of cultivation? 1

Ans : It refers to slash and burn agriculture.

640.Intensive subsistence farming is practised in which area? 1

Ans : Intensive subsistence farming is practised in areas of high population pressure on land.
It is also called labour intensive farming.

641.Which term is used for grouping of small landholdings with bigger ones? 1

Ans : The term used for grouping of small landholdings with bigger ones is consolidation of
landholdings.

642.Which crop is commercial crop in one state while subsistence crop in another state? 1

Ans : Rice

643.In which season are rabi crops sown in India? 1

                                    Or
Mention the sowing period of rabi crops.
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Ans : Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December.

644.Name any one kharif crop. 1

Ans : Rice

645.In states like Assam, three crops of paddy are grown in a year. Name any two such crops. 1

Ans : Three crops of paddy are grown in a year in Assam. They are Aus, Aman and Boro.

646.Name the second most important cereal crop grown in India. 1

Ans : Wheat is the second most important cereal crop grown in India.

647.Name the two important wheat growing zones in India. 1

Ans : The two wheat growing zones in India are

(a) Ganga-Satluj plains in the north-west.
(b) Black soil region of the Deccan.

648.Write the names of any two millets grown in India. 1

Ans : Jowar and bajra are the important millets grown in India.

649.Name the state which is the largest producer of ragi. 1

Ans : Karnataka is the largest producer of ragi.

650.Name the crop which is used both as food and fodder. 1

Ans : Maize is used both as food and fodder.

651.In which type of soil does maize grow well? 1

Ans : Maize grows well in old alluvial soil.

652.Sugar is the main source of which products? 1

Ans : Sugar is main source of gur, khandsari and molasses.

653.Name the crop in which India is the largest producer and consumer. 1

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Ans : India is the largest producer and consumer of the pulses in the world.

654.Name the crop which is grown as a kharif crop in north and rabi crop in south. 1

Ans : Sesamum

655.Mention two beverage crops grown in India. 1

Ans : Tea and coffee are two important beverage crops grown in India.

656.Which variety of coffee is grown in India? Where was it initially introduced? 1

Ans : The Arabica variety brought from Yemen is produced in the country. Its cultivation was
introduced on the Baba Budan Hills.

657.What is the rearing of silkworms called? 1

Ans : Rearing of silkworms is called sericulture.

658.Which fibre is called a golden fibre? 1

Ans : Jute

659.What is White Revolution related to? 1

Ans : White Revolution is related to the production of milk. It is also called Operation Flood.

660.Name any two schemes introduced by the government to benefit farmers. 1

Ans : Kissan Credit Cards (KCC) and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS).

661.What do you mean by White Revolution? 1

Ans : Maximum production of milk.

662.To which type of crops is wheat related? 1

Ans : Rabi crops.

663.Name two crops grown during the zaid seasons. 1

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Ans : The crops grown during the zaid season are watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber,
vegetables and fodder crops.

664.Name two fibre crops. 1

Ans : Cotton and Jute.

665.On the leaves of which plant are the silkworm fed? 1

Ans : The silkworms are fed on the leaves of the mulberry tree.

666.What are minerals? 1

Ans : Minerals are homogeneous naturally occurring substances normally found in solid, liquid
and gaseous state.

667.How do minerals occur in Igneous and Metamorphic rocks? 1

Ans : In Igneous and Metamorphic rocks, minerals may occur in the cracks, crevices, faults
and joints.

668.Which rock consists of a single mineral? 1

Ans : Limestone consists of a single mineral.

669.Study about which of the characteristics of minerals is not a concern of geographers? 1

Ans : Formation, age and physical and chemical composition of minerals is not the concern of
the geographers.

670.In the horizontal strata of which rocks are the minerals deposited and accumulated? 1

Ans : Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the horizontal strata of Sedimentary rocks.

671.State the types of minerals. 1

Ans : Minerals are either metallic or non-metallic.

672.Name the types of metallic minerals. 1

Ans : Metallic minerals are of two types

(a) Ferrous minerals
(b) Non-ferrous minerals

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673.Which mineral is largely derived from the ocean water? 1

Ans : Magnesium is largely derived from the ocean water.

674.What are ores? 1

Ans : The term ore is used to describe an accumulation of any mineral mixed with other
elements. Minerals are usually found in ores.

675.Which region of India is almost devoid of economic minerals? 1

Ans : The alluvial plains of north India are devoid of economic minerals.

676.What are placer deposits? 1

Ans : Certain minerals may occur as alluvial deposits in the sands of the valley floors and the
base of hills. These deposits are called ‘placer deposits’.

677.What is a mine? 1

Ans : When the extraction of a mineral from its deposit or reserve becomes economically
viable, that deposit is termed as a mine.

678.Name the finest quality of iron ore with magnetic qualities. 1

Ans : Magnetite is the finest quality of iron ore with magnetic qualities.

679.Name the iron ore belt where Kudremukh mines are located. 1

Ans : Kudremukh mines are located in Bellary-Chitradurga-Chikamaglur-Tumkur iron-ore belt.

680.Mention any two uses of Manganese Ore. 1

Ans : Two uses of Manganese ore are:

(a) For the making of iron and steel and preparing alloys.
(b) To manufacture bleaching powder, insecticides, paints and batteries.

681.Name the largest manganese producing state of India. 1

Ans : Odisha is the largest manganese producing state of India.

682.In which state are the Bailadila mines located? 1

Ans : The Bailadila mines are located in the state of Chhattisgarh.

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683.Which type of iron ore is mostly used by industries? 1

Ans : Though lower in iron content, the Haematite variety is commonly used in industries.

684.Besides steel, name two other industries which use large amounts of manganese. 1

Ans : Besides steel, manganese is also used in the manufacture of bleaching powder and
paints.

685.In which minerals is India’s reserves and production not very satisfactory? 1

Ans : India’s reserves and production in Non-Ferrous Minerals is very unsatisfactory.

686.In which mineral reserve is India critically deficient? 1

Ans : India is critically deficient in copper.

687.In which state of India are the Balaghat copper mines situated? 1

Ans : Balaghat copper mines are situated in Madhya Pradesh.

688.In which state of India are the Khetri Copper mines situated? 1

Ans : The Khetri Copper mines are situated in Rajasthan.

689.Why does aluminium metal have great importance? 1

Ans : Aluminium is an important metal because of its quality of extreme lightness, good
conductivity and great malleability.

690.What are the main features of Mica which makes it indispensable? 1

Ans : The essential features of mica that make it indispensable are its electric strength,
insulating properties and resistance to high voltage.

691.For which mineral is Koderma in Jharkhand, a leading producer? 1

Ans : Koderma in Jharkhand is the leading producer of Mica.

692.Name the belt which is a leading producer of Mica? 1

Ans : Koderma-Gaya-Hazaribagh belt is the leading producer of Mica.

693.Which type of coal is most popular for commercial use? 1

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Ans : Bituminous coal is most popular for commercial use.

694.Coal of which geological age is found in north-eastern India? 1

Ans : Coal of the Tertiary age is found in the north-eastern part of India.

695.Name the highest quality of hard coal. 1

Ans : Anthracite is the highest quality of hard coal.

696.Which is the oldest oil producing state of India? 1

Ans : Assam is the oldest oil producing state in India.

697.Name any two important oilfields in Assam. 1

Ans : Two important oilfields in Assam are:

(a) Digboi (b) Naharkatiya
(c) Moran (d) Hygrijan (any two)

698.Where was petroleum first drilled in India? 1

Ans : Petroleum was first drilled in Digboi (Assam).

699.Name one environment friendly fuel. 1

Ans : Natural gas is an environment friendly fuel.

700.Which industries are the key users of natural gas? 1

Ans : The Power and Fertilizer industries are the key users of natural gas.

701.Per capita consumption of which energy is considered as an index of development? 1

Ans : Per capita consumption of electricity is considered as an index of development.

702.Name the type of electricity generated by burning fossil fuels. 1

Ans : The electricity generated by burning fossil fuels is called thermal electricity.

703.Which mineral is found in the Monazite sands? 1

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Ans : Thorium is found in Monazite sands.

704.In which state is the largest wind farm cluster located? 1

Ans : The largest wind farm cluster is located in Tamil Nadu.

705.What do you mean by Geothermal Energy? 1

Ans : It is the heat and electricity produced by using the heat from the interior of the earth.

706.Which non-conventional source of energy is harnessed in the Parvati valley near Manikarn in 1
Himachal Pradesh?

Ans : Geothermal Energy is harnessed in the Parvati valley near Manikarn in Himachal
Pradesh.

707.Give two examples of non-metallic minerals. 1

Ans : Two examples of non-metallic minerals are limestone, nitrate, potash, mica, gypsum,
coal, petroleum. (any two)

708.Which mineral is indispensable for electric and electronic industries? 1

Ans : Mica is indispensable for electric and electronic industries.

709.Name the type of coal mining carried on in Meghalaya. 1

Ans : Coal mining in Meghalaya (Cherapunjee) is done by family members in the form of a long
narrow tunnel known as ‘Rat hole’ mining.

710.Where is an experimental geothermal energy project located in India? 1

Ans : An experimental geo-thermal energy project is located in the Puga valley, Ladakh.

711.In which sector are the manufacturing industries placed? 1

Ans : Manufacturing industries are placed in the secondary sector.

712.Name two industries belonging to the category of heavy industries. 1

Ans : Shipbuilding and iron and steel industries.

713.Which factor is considered as the most prominent one in the industrial location in a region? 1

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Ans : Availability of raw materials is considered the most prominent factor in the industrial
location in a region.

714.Name the main advantages provided by cities to industries. 1

Ans : Market and services are the main advantages provided by cities to industries.

715.When will India be in a position to compete in the international market? 1

Ans : India will be in a position to compete in the international market when our industry
become more efficient and competitive and will improve quality of goods.

716.Which advantage is provided by agglomeration cities to industries? 1

Ans : The advantage provided by agglomeration cities to industries is that of a market and
services.

717.What are agglomeration economies? 1

Ans : Many industries tend to come together to make use of the advantages offered by the
urban centres. This is known as agglomeration economies.

718.Which factors influence the location of an industry? 1

Ans : Cost, government policies and specialized labour influence the location of industry.

719.On what basis are the small scale and large scale industries classified? 1

Ans : Small scale and large scale industries are classified on the basis of capital investment.

720.Give an example of a small scale industry. 1

Ans : Soap making or manufacturing sewing machines are examples of small scale industries.

721.Oil India Limited (OIL) belongs to which type of industry? 1

Ans : Oil India Limited belongs to the Joint sector industries.

722.To which sector does the textile industry belong to? 1

Ans : The textile industry is an example of the agro-based industry.

723.Which techniques of cotton textile production came into use after the 18th century? 1

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Ans : The powerloom technique of cotton textile production came into use after the 18th
century.

724.Where was the first successful textile mill established in India? 1

Ans : The first successful textile mill was established in Mumbai in India.

725.Which groups of states have the largest number of cotton textile centres? 1

Ans : Gujarat and Maharashtra have the largest number of cotton textile centres.

726.Which country has the largest installed capacity of spindles in the world? 1

Ans : China has the largest installed capacity of spindles in the world.

727.In which states are the majority of sugar mills concentrated? 1

Ans : The majority of sugar mills are concentrated in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

728.Which industry, due to its seasonal nature, is ideally suited to the cooperative sector? 1

Ans : The sugar industry, due to its seasonal nature, is ideally suited to the cooperative sector.

729.Which steel plant is located in Chhattisgarh? 1

Ans : The Bhilai Steel plant is located in Chhattisgarh.

730.What is the effect of liberalization and foreign direct investment on the iron and steel industry of 1
India?

Ans : Liberalization and foreign direct investment has led to a boost in the iron and steel
industry in India.

731.From which mineral is aluminium obtained? 1

Ans : Aluminium is obtained from Bauxite.

732.What are the two prime factors for the location of the aluminium smelting plant? 1

Ans : Raw material and electricity are the two prime factors for the location of the aluminium
smelting plant.

733.Name one inorganic chemical. 1

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Ans : Sulphuric acid is an inorganic chemical.

734.Which inorganic chemical is used for the making of glass, soaps, detergents and paper? 1

Ans : Soda ash is used for the making of glass, soaps, detergents and paper.

735.Name the industry which is the largest consumer of chemicals. 1

Ans : The chemical industry is its own largest consumer.

736.What led to the expansion of the fertilizer industry in India? 1

Ans : The introduction of the Green Revolution led to the expansion of the fertilizer industry in
India.

737.Which city has become the centre of the automobile industry? 1

Ans : Gurgaon is the city around which the automobile industry is located.

738.Which city is known as the electronic capital of India? 1

Ans : Bengaluru is known as the electronic capital of India.

739.Which industry has been a major foreign exchange earner in the last few years? 1

Ans : Information Technology has been the major foreign exchange earner in the last few
years.

740.State one negative effect of industrialization. 1

Ans : Pollution is one of the negative effects of industrialization.

741.What benefits do we get from exporting manufactured goods? 1

Ans : Benefits we get from exporting manufactured goods are expansion of trade and
commerce and earning foreign exchange.

742.Which public sector plant in India is located near a port? 1

Ans : The Vishakhapatnam steel plant is located near a port.

743.What is the criteria used to measure the strength of a country? 1

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Ans : The economic strength of a country is measured by the development of manufacturing
industries.

744.How can industrialization assist in bringing in foreign exchange? 1

Ans : Industrialization assists in bringing foreign exchange through the export of

manufactured goods.

745.Why is the Steel Authority of India said to be a public sector undertaking? 1

Ans : The Steel Authority of India is a public sector industry because it is owned and operated
by government agencies.

746.Where was the first cement plant set up in India? 1

Ans : The first cement plant was set up in Chennai in 1904.

747.In which continent is Belgium? 1

Ans : Belgium is in Europe.

748.Name the countries with which Belgium shares its boundaries. 1

Ans : Belgium shares its boundaries with France, Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.

749.What does the word ‘ethnic’ signify? 1

Ans : The word ethnic signifies a social division based on shared culture.

750.Where does the majority of population of Belgium live? 1

Ans : The majority of population of Belgium lives in the Flemish region.

751.Which language is spoken by the majority of population in Brussels, the capital city of Belgium? 1

Ans : The majority of population in Brussels (80%), the capital city of Belgium, speaks French
language.

752.In Sri Lanka, the policies of the government sought to ensure the dominance of which language 1
speaking people?

Ans : In Sri Lanka, the policies of the government under the Act of 1956 sought to ensure the
dominance of Sinhala speaking.

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753.What does the term majoritarianism signify? 1

Ans : The term majoritarianism signifies a belief that the majority community should rule a
country.

754.What is the religion of Sri Lanka? 1

Ans : Buddhism is the religion of Sri Lanka.

755.Which major social groups of Sri Lanka constituted the largest share in population? 1
                                                          Or
After independence, Sri Lanka witnessed the supremacy of which community?

Ans :  Sinhalas constituted the largest share in population in Sri Lanka.

756.How many times did Belgium amend its constitution regarding power sharing? 1

Ans : Belgium amended its constitution four times between 1970 and 1993.

757.Name the third level government of Belgium. 1

Ans : The third level government of Belgium is known as the Community Government.

758.Which city was chosen as the headquarters of the European Union? 1

Ans : Brussels was chosen as the headquarters of the European Union.

759.What does the horizontal power sharing signify? 1

Ans : Horizontal power sharing signifies power shared among various organs of the
government like legislature, executive and judiciary.

760.Give the meaning of coalition government. 1

Ans : A government formed by the coming together of two or more political parties is called
coalition government.

761.In which form of power sharing, power is shared at different levels of government? 1

Ans : Power is shared at different levels of government in vertical form of power sharing.

762.What is separation of power? 1

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Ans : The separation of power is the power sharing among the different organs of government
with their specific jurisdiction.

763.What does the federal division of power imply? 1

Ans : The term federal division implies power sharing at different levels of government.

764.What is the proportion of Tamils in Sri Lanka’s total population? 1

Ans : The proportion of Tamils in Sri Lanka is 18 per cent out of which Sri Lankan Tamils
constitute 13 per cent of the population and Indian Tamils constitute 5 per cent of the
population.

765.What do you mean by checks and balances? 1

Ans : Checks and Balances is a system in which each organ of the government keeps a check
on the others which results in a balance of power among various institutions. It ensures
that none of the organs can exercise unlimited power.

766.Define coalition government. 1

Ans : The Coalition Government implies a government of two or more parties. When the
alliance of two or more parties gets elected and forms a government it is known as the
coalition government. This is another form of power sharing.

767.Name the government having two or more levels of government. 1

Ans : Federal government has two or more levels of government.

768.What does the ‘coming together’ involve? 1

Ans : The ‘coming together’ involves independent states come together on their own to form
bigger unit where the constituent states have equal powers.

769.Name the countries having ‘coming together’ federation and ‘holding together’ federation. 1

Ans : Countries having ‘coming together’ federation are – USA, Switzerland, Australia.
Countries having ‘holding together’ federation are – India, Spain, Belgium.

770.How can the fundamental provisions of the Indian constitution be changed? 1

Ans : The fundamental provisions of the Indian constitution can be changed in a bilateral way
wherein the consent of both the levels of government is required.

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771.Why have the subjects like defence, foreign affairs, banking, etc. been included in the Union 1
List?

Ans : Defence, foreign affairs, banking are included in the Union List because these subjects
are of national importance and require a uniform policy for execution.

772.In India’s federal system, which level of government has the power to legislate on residuary 1
subjects?
                                                Or
Which level of government in India legislates on the residuary subjects?

Ans : In India’s federal system’ Union government has the power to legislate on residuary
subjects.

773.In case of a clash between the laws made by the centre and a state on a subject in the 1
concurrent list, whose law will prevail?

Ans : In case of a clash between the laws made by the centre and state on a subject in the
concurrent list, the Union Law will prevail.

774.Which two Indian states have been given special status? 1

Ans : Jammu and Kashmir and Arunachal Pradesh have been given special status in Indian
federation.

775.Which judgement of the Supreme Court made Indian federal power sharing more effective? 1

Ans : The historic judgement in which Supreme Court declared that Central government
cannot dismiss the state government in an arbitary manner, made the Indian federal
power sharing more effective.

776.What are the two main basis on which new states of India have been created? 1

Ans : Language and regional ethnicity are the main basis on which new states have been
created.

777.How many languages are spoken in India and what is the ratio of Hindi speaking people in 1
India?

Ans : There are 114 languages spoken in India out of which 22 languages (including Hindi) are
recognised as scheduled languages. About 40 per cent people in India speak Hindi
language.

778.What does the concept of decentralisation signify? 1

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Ans : The concept of decentralisation signifies – power taken away from central and state
government and given to local government at both the urban and rural levels.

779.Which two constitutional amendments of 1992 deal with the local self-government? 1

Ans : 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments of 1992 deal with the local self-government at
local level in rural and urban areas.

780.Which is the highest institution of Panchayati Raj in rural areas? 1

Ans : Zila parishad is the highest institution of Panchayati Raj in rural areas.

781.Who is the political head of the municipality and gram panchayat? 1

Ans : Mayor and Sarpanch are the political heads of the municipality and gram panchayat
respectively.

782.Which government is responsible for the entire country? 1

Ans : The Central Government is responsible for the entire country. It is also called Union
Government.

783.Name the lowest level of government in rural area. 1

Ans : Gram Panchayat is the lowest level of Government in rural area.

784.What is gender division? 1

Ans : Gender division is defined as the difference between female and male members of
society. It is a form of hierarchical social division based on social expectations and
stereotypes.

785.Define the term ‘feminist’. 1

Ans : Feminist is a man or woman who believes in equal rights and opportunities for men and
women.

786.What does the term patriarchy refer to? 1

Ans : The term patriarchy refers to a system that values men more and gives them power over
women. The society based on this ideology is known as the patriarchal society.

787.What is sexual division of labour. 1

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Ans : Sexual division of labour is a system in which all work inside the home is either done by
the women of the family, or organised by them through the domestic helpers.

788.At which level of the government seats are reserved for women? 1

Ans : At the local level of Municipality and Panchayats, one-third seats are reserved for
women.

789.List any two laws enacted by the Parliament for the welfare of women. 1

Ans : Laws enacted by the Parliament for the welfare of women are:

(a) Special Marriage Act of 1955

(b) Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961

(c) Equal Renumeration Act of 1976. (any two)

790.What does the Equal Wages Act signify? 1

Ans : Equal Wages Act signifies the law that provides equal wages to be paid for equal work to
both men and women.

791.In which country participation of women is very low? 1

Ans : In Bangladesh, the participation of women is very low.

792.What were Gandhiji’s views on religion and politics? 1

Ans : Mahatma Gandhi said that religion cannot be separated from politics and that politics
must be guided by ethics drawn from religion.

793.What does the term communalism denote? 1

Ans : Communalism denotes a belief which is based on the idea that the religion is the basis
of social community.

794.What is caste hierarchy? 1

Ans : Caste hierarchy is a ladder like formation in which all the caste groups are placed from
the highest to the lowest.

795.Process to shift from one occupation to another is usually being practised by the new 1
generation. What does it signify?

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Ans : This process signifies occupational mobility.

796.Which leaders worked for the elimination of caste system in India? 1

Ans : Jotiba Phule, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Mahatma Gandhi and Periyar Ramaswami Naicker
worked for the elimination of caste system in India.

797.In what way are religious differences beneficial? 1

Ans : Religious differences are beneficial only when all religions are treated equally, and people
are able to express their needs, interests and demands without any fear.

798.What does the term Feminist Movement imply? 1

Ans : Feminist movement means a radical women’s movement against the discriminatory
attitude and sexual division of labour.

799.List any one provisions of the Equal Wages Act. 1

Ans : The Equal Wages Act was passed to facilitate equal status to women. It provides that
equal wages should be paid for equal work to all women.

800.Give the meaning of religious differences. 1

Ans : The term religious differences means a social division based on religious grounds.

801.What do you mean by Communal Politics? 1

Ans : Communal politics is the use of religion in politics. In communal politics, one religion is
presented as superior to other religions.

802.What is casteism? 1

Ans : Casteism is the exploitation of caste consciousness for narrow political and electoral
gains.

803.State any two situations in which problem of communalism becomes acute. 1

Ans : Problems of communalism become acute when

(a) Religion is used in politics.
(b) There is a feeling of distrust among the people of different religions.

804.Can we have a party-less democracy? Why/Why not? 1

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Ans : No, it is not possible to have a party-less democracy because parties are necessary to
conduct elections and to make parliamentary system more systematic.

805.List the elements of political parties. 1

Ans : The elements of a political party are:

(a) The leaders

(b) The active members

(c) The followers

806.In what way do political parties play the role of opposition? 1

Ans : Political parties play the role of opposition by voicing different views and criticising the
government in power for its failures or wrong policies.

807.Which institution allots symbols to political parties? 1

Ans : The Election Commission of India allots symbols to political parties.

808.How many parties are registered with the Election Commission of India? 1

Ans : More than 750 parties are registered with the Election Commission of India.

809.Which party is given a unique symbol by the Election Commission of India? 1

Ans : A recognised party is given a unique symbol by the Election Commission of India.

810.On what basis does a country choose its party system? 1

Ans : A country chooses its party system on the basis of the:

(a) nature of society. (b) history of elections. (c) social differences.

811.What do you mean by two-party or bi-party system? 1

Ans : The two-party or bi-party system is a political system where there are two major parties.
Power usually changes between two main parties, for instances, the United Kingdom and
the United States.

812.Define multiparty system. 1

Ans : The multiparty is a political system where more than two parties exist and contest
elections to come to power, for example, India.

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813.What does the term coalition government imply? 1

Ans : The term coalition government implies a government which is formed by various parties
coming together in the situation when no single party wins the majority of seats.

814.What is a national party? 1

Ans : A party that is present in several or all units of a federation is known as a national party.

815.Give the meaning of state or regional party. 1

Ans : State or regional party is the party which is present in only one of the federal units and is
identified with that region only.

816.How many recognised national parties are there in India? 1

Ans : There are six recognised national parties in India.

817.Name the oldest political party of India. 1

Ans : The Indian National Congress (INC) is the oldest political party of India, formed in 1885.

818.Under whose leadership was the Bahujan Samaj Party formed? 1

Ans : The Bahujan Samaj Party was formed under the leadership of Kanshi Ram.

819.Which political party seeks to represent and secure power for dalits, OBCs and adivasis? 1

Ans : The Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) seeks to represent and secure power for dalits, OBCs
and adivasis.

820.Which political party believes in Marxism-Leninism? 1

Ans : The Communist Party of India (CPI) and Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPI-M)
believe in Marxism-Leninism. (any one)

821.In which state does Biju Janata Dal exist as a regional political party? 1

Ans : The Biju Janata Dal exists as a regional political party in Odisha.

822.Which two parties were formed after their split with parent party? 1

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Ans : The two parties formed after their split with parent party are as follows.
(a) Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPI-M) from Communist Party of India (CPI) in
1964.
(b) Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) from Indian National Congress (INC) in 1999.

823.Which state has maximum number of recognised regional or state parties? 1

Ans : Tamil Nadu has maximum number of recognised regional or state parties.

824.What is an alliance? 1

Ans : Several parties in a multiparty system join for the purpose of contesting elections and
winning power. This is known as an alliance. In India, UPA, NDA and Left Front are the
examples of alliances.

825.If all the decisions of a political party are made by a single family and all other members are 1
neglected, then what challenge is being faced by that party?

Ans : In this situation the party faces the challenge of dynastic succession.

826.Define defection. 1

Ans : Defection is a new concept which advocates the changing of allegiance from the party in
which a person got elected to a different party. It means leaving a political party to join
another for some personal gains.

827.How does the new system of affidavit reduce the money and muscle power in politics? 1

Ans : An affidavit is a signed document submitted to an officer, where a person makes a sworn
statement regarding his assets and criminal records. This system makes a lot of
information available to the public, thereby reducing money and muscle power in politics.

828.Which constitutional bodies suggest reforms in political parties? 1

Ans : The Constitution of India and the Election Commission of India suggest reforms in
political parties.

829.What are partisan and partisanship? 1

Ans : (a) The term partisan relates to a person who is strongly committed to a party group or
faction.
(b) Partisanship is marked by a tendency to take side of a political party and inability to
take a balanced view on an issue.

830.Do political parties educate people? 1

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Ans : Yes, political parties educate people through various means like debates, discussions,
etc.

831.How do political parties shape public opinion? 1

Ans : Political parties shape public opinion by raising and highlighting public issues with the
help of their activists and members spread all over the country.

832.Which party can be referred to as a recognised party? 1

Ans : A party which gets registered with the Election Commission with a unique election
symbol and other facilities can be referred to as a recognised party.

833.Define mono-party system. 1

Ans : The one-party or mono-party system is such a political system in which only one party is
allowed to control and run the government, for example, Communist Party in China.

834.Why is democracy preferred as the better form of government than dictatorship? 1

Or
Why is a democratic government better than other alternatives?

Ans : Democracy is preferred as the better form of government because it ensures people’s
rule based on popular consensus and enhances the dignity of the individual.

835.What are the basic elements of democracy in practical sense? 1

Ans : The basic elements of democracy are formal constitutions, regular, fair and free
elections, political parties and fundamental rights to citizens.

836.What thoughts should be put in to assess the outcome of democracy? 1

Ans : The first step towards thinking carefully about the outcome of democracy is to recognise
that democracy is a just form of government.

837.What should be the basic outcome of democracy? 1

Ans : The most basic outcome of democracy should be that it produces an accountable,
responsive and legitimate government.

838.Why are decisions delayed in democracy? 1

Ans : Decisions are delayed in democracy because democratic governments are based on the
idea of deliberation and negotiation.

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839.What do democracies ensure regarding decision-making? 1

Ans : Democracies ensure that decision-making is based on norms and procedures.

840.What is meant by transparency? 1

Ans : In democracy, the term transparency signifies that decisions are taken through the
correct procedure by involving the people and that people have the right to examine the
process of decision-making.

841.Is a democratic government efficient and effective? How? 1

Ans : Yes, a democratic government, to some extent, is efficient and effective as it produces
an accountable government and develops a mechanism for citizens to take part in
decision-making.

842.Democracy is not free from corruption. Is it true? 1

Ans : There is no denying the fact the democracy is not free from corruption but, it is only in a
democracy that people can openly expose this evil and ask for its elimination.

843.List any two factors on which economic development depends. 1

Ans : Economic development depends on several factors like

(a) country's population size
(b) global situation
(c) cooperation from other countries
(d) economic priorities (any two)

844.Do democracies appear to be successful in reducing economic inequalities? 1

Ans : In actual life, democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic
inequalities.

845.In what ways are democracies different from each other? 1

Ans : In spite of common basic elements, democracies are different from each other in terms
of social situation, economic achievements and cultures.

846.How can you say that democracies are based on political equality? 1

Ans : Democracies are based on political equality as they ensure and promote universal adult
franchise. All citizens have weight in electing representatives.

847.‘Democracy cannot solve all economic and social problems but still it is percieved.’ Why? 1

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Ans : Not only democracy but no other form of government can fully solve all economic and
social problems, however, it is democracy which creates situations that help citizens to
solve their social and economic problems.

848.Which country is suffering from adverse form of economic inequality? 1

Ans : Bangladesh is suffering from the adverse effect of economic inequality, i.e. poverty, as
more than half of its population lives in poverty.

849.Trace any two provisions of Indian government to eradicate caste inequalities. 1

Ans : The following are the two provisions of Indian government to eradicate caste
inequalities.
(a) Legal and moral rights have been granted to fight for equal status.
(b) The practice of untouchability has been banned.

850.Which two sections of society get special emphasis in Indian Constitution regarding equal 1
status and equal opportunities?

Ans : Two sections of society getting special emphasis in Indian Constitution regarding equal
status and equal opportunities are women, and disadvantaged and discriminated castes
and tribes.

851.List two valid points which promote dignity of women in a democratic government. 1

Ans : Two valid points which promote dignity of women in a democratic government are as
follows.
(a) Women empowerment through reservation and freedom
(b) Freedom to launch movements against ill practices

852.List the countries which have the most stable democracies in the world. 1

Ans : The United States, Canada and Switzerland have the most stable democracies because
there is 100 per cent literacy and they have very successful welfare schemes for all
citizens.

853.Name any two basic constituents of democracy. 1

Ans : The basic constituents or aspects of democracy are:

(a) Political: government by consent.
(b) Social: social and economic equality.
(c) Economic: equal opportunity, equal status and equal distribution of income. (any two)

854.What is the dilemma regarding the practical aspect of democracy? 1

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Ans : The main dilemma regarding the practical aspect of democracy is that democracy is
seen to be good in principle but felt to be not so good in practice.

855.List the countries which strongly believe in democracy and people’s rule. Which country has 1
least belief in the strength of people’s vote?

Ans : India and USA strongly believe in democracy and Pakistan has least belief in democracy.

856.What do people need to get more income? 1

Ans : People need regular work, better wages and decent price for crops to get more income.

857.What does national development refer to? 1

Ans : National development refers to the ability of a county to improve the social welfare of the
people. For example, by providing social amenities such as quality education, potable
water, transportation, infrastructure and medical care.

858.Define average income. 1

Ans : Per capita income or average income is calculated by dividing the total income of a
country with its population.

859.What does HDI stand for? 1

Ans : HDI stands for Human Development Index. It is a tool developed by the United Nations to
measure a country’s overall achievement in its social and economic dimensions.

860.Define sustainable development. 1

Ans : Sustainable development refers to the development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the needs of the future generation.

861.What does national income refer to? 1

Ans : National income refers to the value of the total goods and services produced within a
country in a year.

862.Why does Kerala have low infant mortality rate? 1

Ans : Kerala has low infant mortality rate because it has adequate provisions of basic health
and educational facilities.

863.Besides more income, what other things do the people seek? 1

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Ans : Besides more income, people seek to have equal treatment, freedom, security and
health.

864.Which state in India has the least per capita income? 1

Ans : Bihar has recorded the least per capita income in the year 2013-14.

865.Define sex ratio. 1

Ans : The total number of females per thousand males in a country is termed as sex ratio.

866.Define economic growth. 1

Ans : Economic growth refers to the increase in per capita GDP of an economy over a long
period of time.

867.Define infant mortality rate. 1

Ans : The number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live
children born in that particular year is known as infant mortality rate.

868.What is Life Expectancy at Birth? 1

Ans : Life Expectancy at Birth is the average expected length of life of a person at the time of
birth.

869.Why do different people have different developmental goals? 1

Ans : Different people have different developmental goals because people have diverse
wishes, likes and dislikes, and aspirations.

870.What is net attendance ratio? 1

Ans : Net attendance ratio is the total number of children of age group 14 and 15 years
attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.

871.Why is the total income of countries not used to make comparisons between them? 1

Ans : The total income of the countries is not used to make comparisons between them
because the population of different countries is different.

872.Besides the size of per capita income, which other property of income is important in 1
comparing two or more countries?

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Ans : Per capita income is an important but not the only criterion for development. Along with
average income, equitable distribution of income in a country should also be considered.

873.Among Maharashtra, Kerala and Bihar, which one has the lowest infant mortality rate? 1

Ans : Kerala has the lowest infant mortality rate.

874.Suppose there are 4 families in a country with per capita income of $15,000. The income of 3 1
families is $10,000, $20,000 and $12,000 respectively. What is the income of the 4th family?

Ans : Let the income of the 4th family be x.

Per capita income =

$15,000 =

$15,000 × 4 = x + $42,000
x = $60,000 – $42,000
x = $18,000
The income of the 4th family is $18,000.

875.Give any two common developmental goals of the people. 1

Ans : The two common developmental goals of the people are as follows.

(a) Peace and security

(b) Better living conditions

876.Mention any one limitation of per capita income as an indicator of development. 1

Ans : One limitation of per capita income as an indicator of development is that:

(a) Per capita income does not tell us anything about the distribution of income. A poor
country with a more equal distribution of income would be better than a richer country
with unequal distribution of income.
(b) Per capita income does not measure various facilities and services that influence
quality of life, for example, health facilities, education facilities, equal treatment, etc.
(c) It is affected by size of population. Even with a large national income, per capita
income will be low if a country has a large population. (any one)

877.What are non-material things? 1

Ans : Things like love, care, equal treatment, freedom, security and respect for others are non-
material things.

878.What condition may allow women to take up a variety of jobs or run business? 1

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Ans : A safe and secure environment may allow women to take up a variety of jobs or run
business.

879.According to the World Bank, what are low-income countries? 1

Ans : Countries that have per capita income of USD 1035 or less are termed low-income
countries by the World Bank.

880.What does BMI stand for? 1

Ans : BMI stands for Body Mass Index. It is calculated by dividing the weight with the heights
in meters.

881.State one cause of high infant mortality rate. 1

Ans : Inadequate health facilities are the main cause for the high infant mortality rate.

882.Which neighbouring country of India has better performance in terms of human development 1
than India?

Ans : Sri Lanka has better performance in terms of human development than India.

883.What is economic development? 1

Ans : Economic development means that the rate of production must be faster than the rate of
increase in population. In other words, we can say that it makes people better off by
increasing their command over goods and services and the choices open to them.

884.What does the tertiary sector include? 1

Ans : Tertiary sector includes distribution of services, training and support.

885.Biscuits for the consumer in the market are an example of which type of goods? 1

Ans : Biscuits for the consumer in the market are an example of final goods.

886.Which sector has grown considerably in the recent years? 1

Ans : In the recent years, the tertiary sector has shown a considerable growth.

887.Which sector has contributed the most to the employment? 1

Ans : Primary sector has contributed the most to the employment.

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888.Where are most of the underemployed people found? 1

Ans : Most of the underemployed people are found in agriculture.

889.What is per capita income? 1

Ans : Per capita income of a nation is national income divided by the total population.

890.What is an economic activity? 1

Ans : An activity which gives an income in return is called an economic activity. For example, a
teacher teaching in a school is performing an economic.

891.What is a non-economic activity? 1

Ans : An activity which does not give any income in return is called a non-economic activity.
For example, a father teaching his son is performing a non-economic activity.

892.State any two factors of production. 1

Ans : Capital and labour are the two factors of production.

893.Define the term enterprise. 1

Ans : When a person or a group of persons are engaged in the production or distribution of
goods or services meant mainly for the purpose of sale, it is called an enterprise.

894.Mention any one feature of unorganized sector. 1

Ans : One feature of unorganized sector is that:

(a) the working conditions are very harsh.

(b) there are no benefits for the workers.

(c) there is no job security. (any one)

895.Where is the disguised unemployment found mostly? 1

Ans : Disguised unemployment is mostly found in the agriculture sector.

896.In which sector are a large number of workers losing their jobs since 1990? 1

Ans : Workers in the organized sector are losing their jobs since 1990.

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897.What was the most important sector of economic activities at the earliest stages of 1
development?

Ans : Primary sector was the most important sector of economic activities at the earliest
stages of development.

898.Through which act is Right to Work implemented? 1

Ans : Right to Work is implemented through National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
(NREGA) 2005.

899.Suggest any one way to solve underemployment situation in rural areas. 1

Ans : Underemployment in the rural areas can be solved by providing an easy access to the
financial institutions like banks and cooperatives to the rural population so that easy
loans can be availed by them.

900.What is double counting? 1

Ans : When the value of a product is counted more than once, it is called double counting. This
leads to the overestimation of the value of goods and services produced.

901.Which sector generates services rather than goods? 1

Ans : Tertiary or Service sector generates services rather than goods.

902.Name two vulnerable groups in urban areas. 1

Ans : Two vulnerable groups in urban areas are rag pickers and street vendors.

903.What are intermediate goods? 1

Ans : Intermediate goods are those goods which are used up in the production process to
make final goods and services.

904.What are final goods and services? 1

Ans : Final goods and services are those which reach the consumers for final consumption or
capital formation.

905.Define money. 1

Ans : Money is anything which has common acceptability as a means of exchange, a measure
and a store of value.

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906.Why is money called ‘a medium of exchange’? 1
Or
How does money acts as a medium of exchange.

Ans : Money acts as an intermediary in the exchange process, thus it is called a medium of
exchange.

907.Why one cannot refuse a payment made in rupees in India? 1

Ans : One cannot refuse a payment made in rupees in India because it is authorised by the
Indian government.

908.What is meant by double coincidence of wants? 1

Ans : Double coincidence of wants means owner of good X, say shoes, to find someone else
with good Y, say a bag of wheat, and both being in need of each other’s good.

909.What is the meaning of barter system? 1

Ans : A system where goods are directly exchanged, without the use of money, is called barter
system.

910.What objects were used as money in India, before the introduction of coins? 1

Ans : Foodgrains and cattle were used as money before the introduction of coins in India.

911.Which metals were used for making coins in India in later stages? 1

Ans : Gold, silver and copper coins were used for making coins in later stages in India.

912.Give the modern forms of money. 1

Ans : The modern forms of money include currency–paper notes and coins and plastic money.

913.The modern currency is accepted as a medium of exchange. Why? 1

Ans : It is accepted as a medium of exchange because it is authorised by the Government of

India.

914.Define a bank. 1

Ans : A bank is a financial institution whose demand deposits are widely accepted as money
for making payments and has the power to create money.

915.What are demand deposits? 1

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Ans : Deposits in the bank accounts, which can be withdrawn on demand are called demand
deposits.

916.What is a cheque? 1

Ans : A cheque is an instrument instructing the bank to pay a specific amount from the
person's account to the person in whose name the cheque has been issued.

917.What determines the main source of income for the banks? 1

Ans : It is the difference between what is charged from the borrowers and what is paid to the
depositors or savers, which determines the income of the banks.

918.Define credit. 1
Or
What do you understand by the term ‘credit’?

Ans : Credit or loan refers to an agreement in which the lender supplies the borrower with
money, goods or services in return for the promise of future repayment.

919.For what purpose credit is mainly demanded in rural areas? 1

Ans : Credit is mainly demanded for the purpose of crop production in rural areas.

920.What is a debt-trap? 1

Ans : A debt-trap is a situation when it becomes impossible to repay the loan and the borrower
adds on a new debt to pay the existing debt.

921.What is collateral? 1

Ans : Collateral is an asset, such as land, vehicle, building, livestock and deposits with banks,
that the borrower owns and uses this as a guarantee to a lender until the loan is repaid.

922.What are the main ‘terms of credit’? 1

Ans : Interest rate, collateral, documentation requirements and the mode of repayment
together comprise ‘terms of credit’.

923.Why are banks unwilling to lend loans to small farmers? 1

Ans : Banks provide loans after collateral and documentation securities, which generally the
small farmers fail to comply with. Therefore, banks are unwilling to give loans to small
farmers.

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924.What kind of credit is crucial for a country’s development? 1

Ans : Cheap and affordable credit plays a crucial role in a country’s development.

925.Besides banks, what are the other sources of credit from which the small farmers borrow? 1

Ans : Besides banks, the small farmers borrow from landlords, moneylenders, traders, relatives
and friends etc.

926.What are SHGs? 1

Ans : They are Self-Help Groups formed by the poor rural women.

927.How does the use of money make it easier to exchange things? 1

Ans : The use of money makes it easier to exchange things because it is accepted as a
medium of exchange, serves as a unit of value and solves the problem of double
coincidence of wants.

928.Who issues the currency notes in India? 1

Ans : In India, the currency notes are issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on behalf of the
central government.

929.For which purpose are a major portion of the deposits with the banks used? 1

Ans : Banks use the major portion of their deposits to extend loans.

930.Whose signature is found on a 10-rupee note? 1

Ans : The signature of the Governor of Reserve Bank of India is found on a 10-rupee note.

931.Give an example of how credit pushes a person into debt-trap. 1

Ans : In a situation of crop failure, loan repayment becomes impossible, so it pushes a person
into debt-trap.

932.How many members does a typical SHG comprise of? 1

Ans : A typical SHG usually comprises 15-20 members.

933.Define a Multinational Corporation (MNC). 1

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Ans : A Multinational Corporation (MNC) is a company that owns or controls production in
more than one nation.

934.Which regions are available for a MNC to set up its production? 1

Ans : A MNC sets up its production where it is close to the markets, where there is skilled and
unskilled labour available at low costs and where the availability of other factors of
production is assured.

935.Define investment. 1

Ans : Money that is spent to buy assets such as land, building, machines and other
equipments is called investment.

936.What is foreign investment? 1

Ans : Investment made by MNCs is called foreign investment.

937.Why do MNCs set up their offices and factories in those regions where they get cheap labour 1
and other resources?

Ans : To reduce their cost of production and increase their profits.

938.Mention two benefits that local companies get when they set up production units in association 1
with the MNCs.

Ans : The benefits that local companies can get are:

(a) MNCs can provide money for additional investment like buying latest and new
machines for faster production.
(b) MNCs might bring the latest technology of production with them.

939.Why had the Indian Government put barriers to foreign trade and foreign investment after 1
independence? State any one reason.

Ans : To save domestic producers from international competition so that they may develop.

940.Why did the Indian Government remove barriers to a large extent on foreign trade and foreign 1
investment?

Ans : Indian Government felt that time has come for Indian producers to compete in
international markets.

941.How are the MNCs spreading their production across the globe? 1

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Ans : MNCs are spreading their production across the globe by setting up partnerships with
local companies, by using the local companies for supplies and by closely competing
with local companies or buying them up.

942.What happens to the sales of the Indian toys when Chinese toys invade the domestic market? 1

Ans : As a result of the invasion of Chinese toys in the domestic market, the sale of Indian toys
fall.

943.Define globalisation. 1

Ans : Globalisation is the process of rapid integration or interconnection between countries.

944.Due to which reason the latest models of different items are available within our reach? 1

Ans : Due to Globalisation, the latest variety of different items is available within our reach.

945.Give one major factor that has stimulated the globalisation process. 1

Ans : Rapid improvement in technology has stimulated the globalisation process.

946.What is meant by trade barrier? 1

Ans : Tax on imports by the government is called trade barrier. It is called a barrier because
some restrictions have been set up.

947.How government can use trade barriers? 1

Ans : Government can use trade barriers to increase or decrease foreign trade and to decide
what kind of goods and how much of each good should come into the country.

948.What do you think can be done so that trade between countries is more fair? 1

Ans : All countries should remove trade barriers to make for a fair international trade.
Developed countries should desist from forcing the developing countries in agreements
which they themselves may not obey.

949.Why did government of India put barriers to foreign trade and investment after independence? 1

Ans : Indian government put barriers to foreign trade and investment because it was
considered necessary to protect the producers within the country from foreign
competition.

950.What is liberalisation? 1

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Ans : Removing barriers or restrictions set by the government is known as liberalisation.

951.What is the aim of World Trade Organisation? 1

Ans : The aim of World Trade Organisation is to liberalise international trade.

952.How many countries of the world were members of the World Trade Organisation till 2014? 1

Ans : Till 2014, 160 countries were the members of the World Trade Organisation.

953.Who forced the developing countries to remove the trade barriers? 1

Ans : World Trade Organisation (WTO) forced the developing countries to remove the trade
barriers.

954.Give two examples of Indian Companies which have emerged as Multinational Companies. 1

Ans : Infosys (IT) and Tata Motors (automobiles)

955.How has globalisation benefited the well-off consumers? 1

Ans : Globalisation benefited the well-off consumers as there is greater choice before these
consumers who now enjoy improved quality and lower prices for several products. As a
result, these consumers, today, enjoy much higher standards of living than was possible
earlier.

956.What are the benefits of goods or products produced by the MNCs? 1

Ans : The goods or products produced by the MNCs have a larger number of well-off buyers. In
MNCs, new jobs have been created. Also, local companies supplying raw materials etc.
to these industries have prospered.

957.Which industries have been hit hard by the competition? 1

Ans : Industries which have been hit hard by the competition are small-scale industries.

959.Give reasons why India has been able to develop her trade and extend her boundaries. 1

Ans : Due to better port facilities and the construction of modern ships, India has been able to
extend her trade internationally.

960.Which people are responsible for making the products come to the consumers? 1

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Ans : The traders.

961.What is the pre-requiste for the fast development of a country? 1

Ans : Efficient means of transport.

962.Which type of transport is most important in India. 1

Ans : Road Transport.

963.What is the Golden Quadrilateral Highway? 1

Ans : It is major road development project linking Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai and Mumbai.

964.Name the state in which Silcher is located. 1

Ans : Assam.

965.Which organisation implements the highway projects. 1

Ans : National Highway Authority of India.

966.Name the extreme locations connected by the east-west corridor. 1

Ans : Silcher and Porbandar are the extreme locations connected by the east-west corridor.

967.Name the primary road systems of our country. 1

Ans : National Highways.

968.What are National Highways? 1

Ans : National highways link all major cities of extreme parts of the country. These are the
primary road systems. They are maintained by the Central Public Works Department
(CPWD).

969.What are State Highways? 1

Ans : Roads linking a state capital with different district headquarters are known as State
Highways. These roads are constructed and maintained by the Public Works Department
(PWD) in the State and the Union Territories.

970.What are district roads? 1

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Ans : Roads which connect the district headquarters with other places of the district are called
district roads. These roads are maintained by the Zila Parishad.

971.Which state has the highest number of roads in India? 1

Ans : Kerala has the highest density of roads in India.

972.What is the average density of roads in India? 1

Ans : The average density of roads in India is 75 km.

973.Which type of roads received special impetus under Pradhan Mantri Grameen Sadak Yojana? 1

Ans : Rural Roads received special impetus under the Pradhan Mantri Grameen Sadak Yojana.

974.Name the busiest railway junction in Northern India? 1

Ans : New Delhi is the busiest railway junction in Northern India.

975.Where are the headquarters for the South-Eastern Railway and Eastern Railway Zones? 1

Ans : The headquarters for the South-Eastern Railway and Eastern Railway are at Kolkata.

976.Which mode of transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays? 1

Ans : Pipeline transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays.

977.Which network of pipelines bring mineral oil to the refinery of Barauni and the petrochemical 1
complex of Haldia?

Ans : The Pipeline from the Upper Assam oilfields to Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh brings mineral oil
to the refinery of Barauni and the petrochemical complex of Haldia.

978.Which is the deepest land-locked and well-protected port along the east coast? 1

Ans : Vishakhapatnam is the deepest land-locked and well-protected port along the east coast.

979.Which port was the first to be developed soon after Independence? 1

Ans : Kandla port was the first port to be developed soon after independence.

980.Name the oldest artificial port of India. 1

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Ans : Chennai port is the oldest artificial port of India.

981.Which airline is the nationalized airline of India? 1

Ans : Air India

982.Give two reasons why the modern generation still prefers to travel by air, in spite of it being more 1
expensive than the other means of transport.

Ans : In spite of being more expensive, air transport is still preferred because it is faster and
more convenient.

983.Which term is used to describe trade between two or more countries? 1

Ans : International Trade.

984.Give two examples of personal communication. 1

Ans : The two examples of personal communication are letters and phone.

985.Today people all over the world enjoy the Olympic Games and cricket matches sitting at home. 1
How has this been possible?

Ans : This has been made possible by integrating the development in space technology with
communication technology.

986.Which two factors were responsible for the expansion of trade and transport? 1

Ans : Science and technology

987.Give the full form of CPWD. 1

Ans : Central Public Works Department

988.Which two end cities does the National Highway No 7 join? 1

Ans : Varanasi and Kanyakumari

989.Who maintains the State Highways? 1

Ans : The State Public Works Department (P.W.D)

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990. Name the process which helps in rapid integration or interconnection between countries? 1

Ans : Globalisation

991. Name the agency that forces the developing countries to liberalize the trade? 1

Ans : World Trade Organisations

992. What can be used to reduce foreign trade? 1

Ans : Trade barriers

993. What is the per day capacity of the Cargill Foods to make Oil Pouches? 1

Ans : Five million pouches

994. Name the institution that put pressure on the developing countries to liberalize trade and 1
investment?

Ans : World Trade Organization

995. Give a most common route for investments by MNCs in developing countries around the world? 1

Ans : The common route is by forming partnership with local companies

996. How many times the Constitution of Belgium was amended between 1970 and 1993 ? 1

Ans : 4 times

997. Who elects the community government in Belgium ?

1
Ans : People belonging to one language community only

998. In which one of the following countries principle of majoritiatianism led to civil war ? 1

(A) Pakistan (B) Sri Lanka (C) Belgium (D) India

Ans : Sri lanka

999. Division of powers between higher and lower levels of government is called 1

(A) Horizontal distribution (B) Parallel distribution (C) Vertical division (D) Diagonal division

Ans : Vertical division

1000. How much population of Belgium speaks German language? 1

(A) 1% (B) 40% (C) 59% (D) 100%

Ans : 1%

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