Music of Mindanao

1. MORO/ISLAMIC MUSIC
Vocal Music
a. CHANTS- lyrical rendition of improvised text
 Lugu- chants used in reading the Qur’an and other books used in Islam religion
 Kalangan- songs used for serenading loved ones
 Sa-il/ Lunsey- chants sung by the wife-to-be during the ceremony that talks about married life
 Dikker- sacred songs highlighted by quotations from Qur’an
b. LULLABY- a chant-style used in rocking a baby to sleep
 Ya-ya – song of the Yakans to put the baby to sleep, sung in a slow and relaxed mann`er
 Bayok- a Maranao term for lullaby
Instrumental Music
Kulintang Ensemble- gong based ensemble which comprises of the following:
 Kulitang- an instrument considered as a highly valued pricesless heirloom that can command a high price as
dowries.
 Agung- a large, deep-rimmed gong, vertically suspended, hanged in wooden frames.
Bamboo Ensemble- a combination of instrument made of bamboo used for entertainment and personal expression. The
instruments are as follows:
 Gabbang- a native xylophone in Sulu, shape like a coffin with keys struck using 2 mallets.
 Seronggagandi- a guitar-like made of bamboo, cut before one nod and after next.
Solo Instruments
 Kudyapi- a 2-string plucked lute instrument made of wood which resembles an elongated guitar
 Suling- made mainly of ‘tamiang’ bamboo with mouthpiece circled with a thin band made of rattan

Arts and Crafts of Mindanao

 Malong- is a traditional Filipino tube skirt that is made of hand-woven or machine-made multicolored cloth bearing a variety
of geometric and floral designs.
 Sarimanok- is a legendary bird of the Maranao depicted as a fowl with colorful wings and feathered tail, holding a dish on its
beak or talons.
 Okir- the traditional and unique carving of flowing flowers, vines, and geometric patterns and prominent to any design like
flow among the Moro entho-linguistic communities.
 Kulintang- is a musical instrument composed of eight different-sized brass gongs laid upon a wooden rack.
 Badjao Houses- boat houses or houses on stilts around the Sulu archipelago inhabited by the Bajau, also known as Sama-
Bajau or the Sea Gypsies
 Grand Mosque- the largest mosque in the Philippines founded by the Philippine government and the Sultan of Brunei
 Sto. Rosario Church of Camiguin- located at the town of Sagay, Camiguin Island built in 1882 using coral stones.
 Maitum Jar- an earthenware vessel for secondary burial from the Saragani province.
 Kendi- an heirloom teapot or kettle used for hot water, coffee, or tea.
 Vinta- boat traditionally made by the Badjaos consisting of several colors and geometric shapes, representing the colorful
culture and history of the Muslim people.

Folk Dances
o Cariñosa- a Philippine dance of colonial era origin from the Maria Clara suite of Philippine folk dances , where the fan or
handkerchief plays an important role as it places the couple in romance scenario.
o Sayaw sa Bangko-a famous Philippine folk dance in which the dancers must use good skill and balance as they dance on top
of a narrow bench
o Dugso-  is a ceremonial dance among the Manobo people performed during festivities connected to abundant harvest, birth of
a male heir, or victory in war. The all-female dancers is headed by a babaylan (shaman/priestess) who is responsible for
keeping the fire burning.
o Singkil- originated from the Maranao people who inhabit the shores of Lake Lanao. It is derived from a story in the
Darangen, the Maranao interpretation of the ancient Indian epic, the Ramayana. The name of the dance itself means "to
entangle the feet with disturbing objects such as vines or anything in your path"
o Ragragsakan- portrays the Kalinga tribal women as they balance baskets atop their head and walk carefully along the
mountainous rice terraces to not wander off the path through the morning fog. Their bright and colorful, handwoven fabrics
help to keep them warm.
o Tinikling- is a traditional Philippine folk dance which originated during the Spanish colonial era. The dance involves two
people beating, tapping, and sliding bamboo poles on the ground and against each other in coordination with one or more
dancers who step over and in between the poles in a dance.
o Binasuan- a Filipino folk dance in which the performer holds full wine glasses in each hand while performing balancing
tricks.
 o Sakuting- The sakuting dance, originally performed solely by boys, portrays a mock fight using sticks. A sakuting stick is
striped or bamboo and is about 1½ feet long and tapered at the end, like a candle
o Itik-itik- Philippines folk dance form created by imitating the “movements of a duck” such as wading, flying, and short steps
and splashing water on their backs like the ducks do.

Mental and Emotional Health

Stress- is defined as the physiological and emotional responses to a significant or unexpected change or disruption in one’s life.
Stressor- refers to the things that make a person stressed.
There are two kinds of stress:
 EUSTRESS- refers to POSITIVE and healthy response of the body from a stressor. It produces good effects to one’s well-
being.
Example: Getting an outstanding grade in an exam
Meeting an idol
 DISTRESS- refers to a NEGATIVE reaction of the body towards a given stressor. It may cause problems in health, and alter
the mood and emotion.
Example: Death of a close relative
Losing your money

Death- the end of the physical being of a person that is caused by an illness, ageing, or an accident.
Grieving- emotional suffering caused by a loss, disaster, or misfortune.
Mental Illness- disorders that disrupt thinking, feelings, moods, and behaviors and impair daily functioning.

o Major Depressive Disorder- when depression is on a daily basis characterized by persistent sadness, despair, and
hopelessness.
o Bipolar Disorder- a form of depression characterized by alternating or changing mania and depression. A person
who experiences this disorder may at times feel very happy, then at an instant may feel utmost sadness.
o Schizophrenia- mental illness characterized by irrational behavior, severe alteration of the sense. A person with this
illness may experience hallucinations or feeling of being detached and away from reality.
o Post-traumatic stress disorder- a person may have this disorder when he or she experienced a traumatic situation
such as being abused, raped, or involved in an accident.