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Experiment 1 (Equilibrium of Turning Forces)

The document is a lab report for an experiment on the equilibrium of turning forces. The objective was to determine the mass of an object and the mass of a ruler by applying the principle that the sum of clockwise torques equals the sum of counter-clockwise torques. An apparatus was set up with weights hung from a ruler balanced on a pivot point. Measurements were recorded and used to create a graph of mass versus distance. The slope and y-intercept of the graph allowed calculating the mass of the object as 126.42g and the mass of the ruler as 6g. The conclusion states these values and the small difference compared to weighed measurements.

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1K views5 pages

Experiment 1 (Equilibrium of Turning Forces)

The document is a lab report for an experiment on the equilibrium of turning forces. The objective was to determine the mass of an object and the mass of a ruler by applying the principle that the sum of clockwise torques equals the sum of counter-clockwise torques. An apparatus was set up with weights hung from a ruler balanced on a pivot point. Measurements were recorded and used to create a graph of mass versus distance. The slope and y-intercept of the graph allowed calculating the mass of the object as 126.42g and the mass of the ruler as 6g. The conclusion states these values and the small difference compared to weighed measurements.

Uploaded by

shark eye
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHY210

LAB REPORT 1

NAME: EDZAM SYAKIR BIN ERWAN


ID: 2018268588
EXPERIMENT: EQUILIBRIUM OF TURNING FORCES
LECTURER: MDM. LIEW YIT LIAN
EXPERIMENT 1: EQUILIBRIUM OF TURNING FORCES
Objective:
 To determine the mass of an object and the mass of a ruler by applying
the second condition of rigid body equilibrium.

Theory
When a system is in equilibrium, the net force acting on it is zero. The first
condition of equilibrium must be met. Mathematically, we can write

  Fx  0; Fy  0; Fz  0
For a rigid body, a 2 nd condition needed to gain equilibrium state. The 2 nd
condition as follows,

   0 or  clockwise =  counter clockwise


Where  is torque acting on the body, equal to the product of force and the
perpendicular distance r  from the axis of rotation.

Mg
L=Length of ruler

1/2 L
Mrulerg

Mog

 For this system,  clockwise =  counter clockwise

L
MgL  M o gx  M ruler g  
2
Dividing the equation by gL,
Apparatus
 Object mo
 1/2 metre rule
 Strings
 Weights (range 10g - 100g)
 Retort stand
 Pulley

Set up

Figure 1
Procedure
1. The apparatus was set up as shown in Figure 1. Make sure that the ruler
is free to rotate at point B. A steel rod has been use as a pivot to rotate.

2. AB or L has been noted the distance.


3. The object Mo has been hung at point C and the weights M starting with
M= 20g. The position of Mo was adjusted until the ruler is horizontal and
stable. The distance x has been measured.
4. Step 3 was repeated by using different weights.(30g, 40g, 50g, 60g, 70g,
and 80g). in each case, the ruler has been assured to be horizontal and
the string at point A is perpendicular to the ruler.
5. All of the data was recorded into the following table.
Mass, M, 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
(g)
Distance, x 1.50 4.50 7.50 12.5 16.5 20.0 25.5
(cm)

6. The object Mo and the ruler has been weigh by using a balance. These
values has been use as the standard values.

Analysis
1. Graph M versus the distance x was plotted.
2. The mass Mo has been calculated by using the slope of the graph.
Slope=Mo/L
y1  y2 M 0

x1  x2 L
70  30 M 0

20  4.5 49
M 0  126.42g
3. The y-intercept of the graph has been identified and the mass of the ruler
was calculated.
y-intercept=Mruler/2
y  int ercept
M ruler 
2
18
  6g
2
4. The difference between my calculated of M o and Mruler has been calculated
with weighed values.
 The difference between calculated of Mo and Mruler,
m  M 0  M ruler
 126.42  6
 120.42g

Conclusion
 The mass of object Mo is 126.42g.
 The mass of the ruler is Mruler is 6g.

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