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IoT Lecture Unit II RFID

The document discusses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. It describes RFID as using radio waves to transfer data between a reader and a tagged item to identify and track it. The key components of an RFID system are the transceiver (reader), transponder (tag), and antenna. RFID tags can be attached to items and assets. They contain a microchip and antenna that broadcasts a unique identifier. RFID readers can remotely power tags and communicate with backend servers to inventory tags.

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Rajeshree Jadhav
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114 views

IoT Lecture Unit II RFID

The document discusses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. It describes RFID as using radio waves to transfer data between a reader and a tagged item to identify and track it. The key components of an RFID system are the transceiver (reader), transponder (tag), and antenna. RFID tags can be attached to items and assets. They contain a microchip and antenna that broadcasts a unique identifier. RFID readers can remotely power tags and communicate with backend servers to inventory tags.

Uploaded by

Rajeshree Jadhav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT-2:IoTArchitecture (6Hrs)

• IoT Layered Architecture


• Architectural and building block of IoT
• Networking and Communication
- Wired & Wirelessconnectivity and technology
- IoTand Wireless Sensor Network
• NFC
• RFID
• ZigBee.

19/9/2016 1
What is RFID?
• RFID= Radio Frequency IDentification.
• An ADC(Automated Data Collection) technology
that:
- uses radio-frequency waves to transfer data between a
reader and a movable item to identify, categorize, track..
- Is fast and does not require physical sight or contact
between reader/ scanner and the tagged item.
- Performs the operation using low cost components.
- Attempts to provide unique identification and backend
integration that allows for wide range of applications.
• Other ADCtechnologies: Bar codes, OCR.

2
RFID?
• A technology that employs a microchip with
an antenna that broadcasts its unique
identifier and location to receivers.
• Employs a microchip called a smart tag,
broadcasts unique 96-bit identifier to receiver.
• Receiver relays the data to a computer.
RFIDvs. Bar Codes
• Does not require human to manually pass
item over scanner.
• More accurate inventory count.
• Can be incorporated into product, person,
animal.
• Can track each individual item.
RFID system components

6
RFIDComponents
• 3 Components
- Transceiver –Tag Reader
- Transponder –RFID tag
- Antenna
RFIDHardware

Magnetic / Inductive Coupling ICor microprocessor

Transceiver
RFID
Tag Reader
Tag
antenna

antenna
RFIDHardware

Propagation Coupling ICor microprocessor

Transceiver
RFID
Tag Reader
Tag
antenna

antenna
RFID systems: logical view
11
12
Product
et ONS Information
e rn Internet
Int Server (PML Format)

A ntenna
RF
Write data Items w ith Reader Read Trans act ion A pplication
to RF tags RF Tags Manag er Data Store Systems
A ntenna
Trading
Partner
EDI / Systems
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 XML

Tag/Item 10
Relationship
Database 9

Tag Interfaces RFIDMiddleware Other Systems


RFID2005 IIT Bombay 10
RFID t ags: Smart labels
A paper label
with RFID inside

an antenna,
printed, etched
or stamped ...

…and a chip …on a substrate


attached to it e.g. a plastic
foil ...

RFID2005 IIT Bombay 11


Source: www.rfidprivacy.org
Some RFID tags

RFID2005 IIT Bombay 12


Source: www.rfidprivacy.org
RFID tags
•Tags can be attached to almost anything:
- Items, cases or palletsof products, high value goods
- vehicles, assets, livestock or personnel
•Passive Tags
- Do not require power –Draws from Interrogator Field
- Lower storage capacities (few bitsto 1 KB)
- Shorter read ranges(4 inches to 15 feet)
- Usually Write-Once-Read-Many/Read-Only tags
- Cost around 25 centsto few dollars
•Active Tags
- Battery powered
- Higher storage capacities (512 KB)
- Longer read range (300 feet)
- Typically can be re-written by RFInterrogators
- Cost around 50 to 250 dollars

RFID2005 IIT Bombay 13


Tag block diagram
Antenna

Power Supply
Mem ory
Control Logic Cells
Tx Modula tor (Finite Sta te
m a chine)
Rx
Dem odula tor

Ta g Integra ted Circuit (IC)

RFID2005 IIT Bombay 14


RFID tag memory
• Read-only tags
- Tag IDisassigned at the factory during manufacturing
•Can never be changed
•No additional data can be assigned to the tag
• Write once, read many (WORM) tags
- Data written once, e.g., during packing or manufacturing
•Tag is locked once data iswritten
•Similar to a compact disc or DVD
• Read/Write
- Tag data can be changed over time
•Part or all of the data section can be locked

RFID2005 IIT Bombay 15


RFID readers
• Reader functions:
- Remotely power tags
- Establish a bidirectional data link
- Inventory tags, filter results
- Communicate with networked server(s)
- Can read 100-300 tagsper second
• Readers (interrogators) can be at a fixed point such as
- Entrance/exit
- Point of sale
• Readers can also be mobile/hand-held

RFID2005 IIT Bombay 16

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