PROG-1 DAILY PRACTICE ASSIGNMENT DAY-2

SUBJECT: ZOOLOGY
CHAPTER: ORGANISMS AND POPULATIONS
1. Ecology at organismic level is essentially
1)physical ecology 2) psychological ecology
3)physiological ecology 4) biochemical ecology
Key : 3
Hint : Ecology at the organismic level is essentially physiological ecology as it helps us to understand how
the organism is adapted to the environment for its survival and also reproduction.
2. Desert lizards bask in the sun during early hours of the day to absorb heat and warm up their
bodies when their ambient (surrounding) temperatures drop/fall below comfort zone.This is a
1)behavioural adaptation 2)physiological adaptation
3)biochemical adaptation 4)biophysical adaptation
Key : 1
Hint : Desert lizards bask in the sun during early hours to absorb heat and warm up their bodies , this is an
example for behavioural adaptation.
3. S1:Population ecology is an important area of ecology.
S2: Population ecology links ecology to population genetics & evolution
1) S1 & S2 are false 2) S1 is true. S2 is false
3) S1 & S2 are true 4) S1 is false. S2 is true
Key : 1
Hint : As it links ecology to population genetics & evolution because when ever environment changes , the
organisms brings changes in its genes which can be inherited (genetics) leading to evolution of new
species in due course
4. A population of a country is found to be expanding. Which of the following observation
confirms this idea ?
1) Post – reproductive aged members dominate the reproductive & pre reproductive aged members
2) The number of individuals are almost same/equal between pre reproductive, reproductive &post
reproductive age groups
3)Pre-reproductive & reproductive age group members dominate the post – reproductive age group
members
4)Pre-reproductive & reproductive age group members are far less than the no.of post – reproductive
age group members.
Key : 3
Hint : A population of a country is found to be expanding when , the pre reproductive & reproductive age
group members are more than post rep. age group. i.e birth rate is more than death rate.
5. Most important ecologically relevant factor of environment is
1)light 2) soil 3) water 4) temperature
Key : 4
Hint : Temperature is the most ecologically relevant factor as it influences metabolism , behaviour ,
geographical distribution
6. In the aquatic environment, the sediment – characteristics often determine the type of these
animals that thrive there.
1)Planktonic animals 2) Neustonic animals
3) Benthic [Pedonic] animals 4) All of these
Key : 3
Hint : Benthic organisms i.e which live in the soil below water.

7. Non – migratory marine & fresh water fishes are

1)stenothermal & stenohaline 2) eurythermal& euryhaline
3)stenothermal & euryhaline 4)eurythermal & stenohaline
Key : 1
Hint : They are stenothermal as fishes cannot tolerate changes in temperature and stenohaline as they
cannot tolerate changes in salinity as they are non - migratory
8. Aquatic migratory fishes which show either catadramous
(fresh water  sea) or anadromous (sea  fresh water) migrations, are
1)stenothermal & stenohaline 2) stenothermal & euryhaline
3)eurythermal & stenohaline 4) eurythermal & euryhaline
Key : 2
Hint : They are stenothermal as they are fishes , they are euryhaline as they are migratory
9. ‘Regulators’ include
1)all birds 2) all mammals
3) a very few lower vertebrate and invertebrate species
4)all of these
Key : 4
Hint : All birds, mammals a very few lower vertebrate & invertebrate species can maintain homeostasis (
through thermoregulation and osmoregulation) so they act as regulators.
10. Natality means
1) number of individuals of same species that enter a habitat from elsewhere
2)number of individuals of same species that leave a habitat & go elsewhere
3)number of deaths in the population during a given period of time
4)number of births in the population during a given period of time
Key : 4
Hint : Natality : Number of births in the population during a given period of time
11. An old habitat colonized by a well settled population, under normal conditions, which of the
following set of factors influence the population size (density)?
1)Natality & mortality 2) Natality &immigration
3) Mortality & emigration 4)Immigration & emigration
Key : 1
Hint : Under normal conditions for an old habitat , natality & Mortality influence the population size.
12. If a new habitat is just being colonized, then under such special conditions, the population
density in that habitat is immediately influenced by
1) emigration & mortality 2) immigration & emigration
3) immigration 4) natatity & mortality
Key : 3
Hint : For a new habitat , under special conditions , the population density is influenced by immigration.
13. dN / dt  rN which ‘r’ represents
1) B- D 2) B + D 3) b + d 4) b – d
Key : 4
Hint : “r” represents intrinsic rate of natural increase i.e, birth rate – death rate
14. In Opuntia, all leaves are reduced to spines & the photosynthetic function is taken over by the
flattend stems. What kind of adaptations these are in Opuntia ?
1) Physiological 2) Behavioural 3) Morphological 4)Biochemical
Key : 3
Hint : Desert plants like optuntia show morphological adaptations like leaves reduced to spines

15. In the absence of external water source, the kangaroo rat [Dipodomys spectabilis] that is capable
of meeting its all water requirement through internal oxidation of its fats, lives in
1)South American desert 2) North Australian desert
3)South African desert 4) North American desert
Key : 4
Hint : Kangaroo rat belongs to North American desert
16. Population density (size) [N] can be measured in
1) number (of) individuals 2) percentage of area covered
3) biomass 4) all of these
Key : 1
Hint : Population density can be measured by counting the number of individual
17. The integral form of the exponential ( J – shaped) growth of a population is
1) N 0  Nt e rt 2) dN / dt  rN 3) Nt  N 0et 4) Nt  N 0e rt
Key : 4
Hint : The integral form of exponential growth curve is
Nt  N 0e rt
18. A population growing logistically never grows beyond the carrying capacity of the habitat due
to
1)limited resources 2)severe environmental resistance
3) unlimited resources 4) both 1 & 2
Key : 4
Hint : Population growing logistically never grows beyond carrying capacity due to limited resources and
severe environmental resistance
19. In logistic growth of a population, the population remains stable temporarily at the carrying
capacity limit of habitat, when
1)N>K 2) K>N 3)K = N 4) K = 0 & N = 1
Key : 3
Hint : The population remains stable in a logistic growth when population density equals carrying capacity
20. Verhulst – Pearl growth model & Malthusian growth model are respectively these growth
models of populations.
1) Sigmoid & geometric 2) Logistic & exponential
3) S – shaped & J – shaped 4) all of these
Key : 4
Hint : Verhulst – pearl growth model is sigmoid / logistic / S – shaped
Malthusian growth model is geometric / Exponential / J – shaped
21. Statement – S1: Logistic growth model is considered a more realistic one.
Statement - S2 : Since resources for growth of most animal populations are finite and become
limiting sooner or later.
1)Both S1 & S2 are true 2) Both S1 & S2 are false
3)S1 is true, S2 is false 4) S1 is false, S2 is true
Key : 1
Hint : Logistic growth model is more realistic as it shows that resources for most animal populations are
limited
22. Ecologists suggest that life history traits of organisms have evolved in relation to the constraits
( limits) imposed (kept) by these components of the habitat in which they live.
1) abiotic components 2) biotic components
3)both 1 & 2 4) unknown components
Key : 3
Hint : Life history traits of organisms have evolved in relation to the constraints imposed by both biotic
and abiotic components
23. The interspecific interactions in which the interaction is ‘detrimental’ to one or both partners
are
1)competition, commensalism, parasitism & predation
2) competition, amensalism, parasitism & predation
3) competition, protocooperation, parasitism & predation
4) Amensalism, commensalism, competition & predation
Key : 2
Hint : In Competition , amnesalism , parasitism and predation one or both partners are at loss.
24. The star fish Pisaster is an important predator in the rocky intertidal communities of the
1) African pacific coast 2) Australian pacific coast
3) American pacific coast 4) None of these
Key : 3
Hint : Pisaster is an important predator in rocky intertidal communities of America pacific coast.
25. S1 : Predators become extinct if they overexploit their prey.
S2 ; If predators overexploit their prey, prey species become extinct leading to extinction of
predators due to lack of food.
1)Both S1 & S2 are false 2) Both S1 & S2 are true
3) S1 is true but S2 is false 4) S1 is false but S2 is true
Key : 2
Hint : As prey is the food for predators , predators become extinct if they over exploit the prey (due to
lack of food)
26. The most common morphological means of defence exhibited by Acacia, Cactus&Opuntia is the
presence of
1) thorns / spines 2) scaly leaves 3) flattened stems 4) all these
Key : 4
Hint : Thorns / spines , scaly leaves , flattened stems are all means of morphological defence exhibited by
Acacia , Cactus & opuntia
27. Which of the following can be considered as predators for plants?
1) herbivores 2) omnivores 3) carnivores 4) Both 1 & 2
Key : 4
Hint : Herbivores and omnivores are considered as predators for plants.
28. Abingdon tortoise in Galapagos islands become extinct within a decade after goats were
introduced on these islands. This example best explains
1) coexistence due to resource partitioning 2) coextinction due to intimate interdependency
3) competitive release 4) competitive exclusion
Key : 4
Hint : Extinction of Abingdon tortoise is an example for competitive exclusion
29. An orchid growing on a mango tree is a/an
1) parasite 2) commensal 3) mutualistic symbiont 4) amensal
Key : 2
Hint : An orchid growing on a mango tree is an example for commensal
30. A classic and most commonly visible example for /of commensalism is
1) barnacles growing on back of whales 2) cattle egret & grazing cattle
3) sea anemone & clown fish 4) sucker fish & shark
Key : 2
Hint : Cattle egret & grazing cattle is a classic & most visible example for commensalism
31. Copepods are the ectoparasites on
1)dogs 2) many fresh water fishes 3) many marine fishes 4) frogs
Key : 3
Hint : Copepods are the ectoparasites on many marine fishes.
32. The female mosquito though sucks our blood is not considered as a parasite because it uses our
blood
1) for its nutritional purpose 2) for feeding its larvae
3) for its reproduction 4) as a defence against its predators
Key : 3
Hint : Female mosquito is not considered as a parasite because it uses our blood for reproduction but not
for survival.
33. Which of the following employs ‘sexual deceit’ to get pollinated by its pollinator ?
1) Actinophrys 2) Ephyra 3) Ophrys 4) Opalina
Key : 3
Hint : Ophrys employs sexual deceit to get pollinated.
34. Statement – S1: The life cycles of endoparasites are more complex.
Statement – S2: Endoparasites show extreme specialization like greatly simplified
morphological & anatomical features while emphasizing their reproductive potential.
1)Both S1 & S2 are true 2) Both S1 & S2 are false
3)S1 is true, S2 is false 4) S1 is false, S2 is true
Key : 1
Hint : So as to survive in the host , endoparasites show extreme specializations.
35. Graph A and B indicates

1) A  Logistic growth; B  Exponential growth

2) A  Exponential growth; B  Logistic growth
3) A  Stabilised growth; B  Logistic growth
4) Either (2) or (3)
Key : 2
Hint : A – exponential growth , B – logistic growth
36. Carrying capacity is the capacity of
1) habitat that has resources to sustain certain number of individuals
2) population to reproduce and competitiveness
3) population to reproduce
4) individuals to fit among the natural environment
Key : 1
Hint : Carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals that the habitat can support.
37. Interspecific interactions arise from the interaction of
1) population of two different species
2) population of same species
3) two individuals of same species
4) two individuals of different areas only
Key : 1
Hint : Inter specific interaction is the interaction of population of two different species
38. Match the following columns
Column I Column II
A. Ectoparasite 1. Cuckoo
B. Endoparasite 2. Lice
C. Brood parasite 3. Ascaris
Codes
A B C A B C
1) 3 1 2 2) 2 1 3
3) 3 2 1 4) 2 3 1
Key : 4
Hint : Lice is an ectoparasite , Ascaris is an endoparasitic and cuckoo is a brood parasite
39. The removal of Pisaster from americal pacific coast led to

1. Control of the rapid growth of prickly pear cactus

2. Extinction of 10 invertebrate species
3. Extinction of Abingdon tortoise
4. Increase in the number of Chathamalus
Key : 2
Hint : Removal of pisiaster from American pacific coast led to extinction of 10 invertebrate species.
40. The poisonous substance produced by calotropis plant is
1. Strychnine 2. Cardiac glycoside 3.Quinine 4. Opium
Key : 2
Hint : The poisonous substance produced by calotropis is cardiac glycoside.