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Role of MoEF

The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) was established in 1985 as the apex body in India for regulating environmental protection. It lays down legal and regulatory frameworks for various environmental protection acts dealing with air, water, hazardous waste and more. The MoEF works with pollution control boards to enforce these acts. Its objectives are conservation of flora/fauna, prevention of pollution, afforestation, and overall environmental protection. The MoEF aims to fulfill these objectives through environmental assessments, assisting programs, research, education, information dissemination, and awareness campaigns.

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175 views2 pages

Role of MoEF

The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) was established in 1985 as the apex body in India for regulating environmental protection. It lays down legal and regulatory frameworks for various environmental protection acts dealing with air, water, hazardous waste and more. The MoEF works with pollution control boards to enforce these acts. Its objectives are conservation of flora/fauna, prevention of pollution, afforestation, and overall environmental protection. The MoEF aims to fulfill these objectives through environmental assessments, assisting programs, research, education, information dissemination, and awareness campaigns.

Uploaded by

Karan Vyas
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Role of MoEF in Environmental Protection and Management

-Karan Vyas (BA0150021)

The need for protection and conservation of environment and sustainable use of natural
resources is reflected in the constitutional framework of India and also in the international
commitments of India. The Constitution under Part IVA (Art 51A-Fundamental Duties) casts a
duty on every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests,
lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures. Further, the Constitution
of India under Part IV (Art 48A-Directive Principles of State Policies) stipulates that the State
shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and
wildlife of the country. Several environment protection legislations existed even before
Independence of India. However, the true thrust for putting in force a well-developed
framework came only after the UN Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm, 1972).
After the Stockholm Conference, the National Council for Environmental Policy and Planning
was set up in 1972 within the Department of Science and Technology to establish a regulatory
body to look after the environment-related issues. This Council later evolved into a full-fledged
Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF).

MoEF was established in 1985, which today is the apex administrative body in the country for
regulating and ensuring environmental protection and lays down the legal and regulatory
framework for the same. Since the 1970s, a number of environment legislations have been put
in place. The MoEF and the pollution control boards ("CPCB", ie, Central Pollution Control Board
and "SPCBs", ie, State Pollution Control Boards) together form the regulatory and
administrative core of the sector. Some of the important legislations for environment
protection are as follows:

● The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010


● The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
● The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1u974
● The Environment Protection Act, 1986
● The Hazardous Waste Management Regulations, etc.

The Ministry of Environment & Forests is primarily concerned with planning, promotion,
coordination and overseeing the implementation of the various environmental and forestry
policies and programmes. The Ministry also serves as the nodal agency in the country for the
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), South Asia Co-operative Environment
Programme (SACEP), International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) and
for the follow-up of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
(UNCED). The Ministry is also entrusted with the issues relating to multilateral bodies such as
the Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD), Global Environment Facility (GEF) and of
regional bodies like Economic and Social Council for Asia and Pacific (ESCAP) and South Asian
Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC) on matters pertaining to Environment. The
broad objectives of the Ministry are:

● Conservation and Survey of flora, fauna, forests and wildlife,


● Prevention and control of pollution, and Afforestation and regeneration of degraded
areas, and
● Protection of environment.

These objectives are sought to be fulfilled by the Ministry through:

● environmental impact assessment and eco-regeneration,


● assistance to organisations implementing environmental and forestry programmes,
● promotion of environmental and forestry research, extension, education and training,
● dissemination of environmental information and international cooperation, and
● creation of environmental awareness among all sectors of the countrys population.

These objectives are well supported by a set of legislative and regulatory measures,
aiming at the preservation, conservation and protection of the environment. Some of them are
the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, the Air (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1981, the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, the Public Liability Insurance Act,
1991, the National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995, the National Environment Appellate
Authority Act, 1997, Wildlife Protection act, 1972 and Forests (Conservation) Act, 1980. Besides
the legislative measures, a National Conservation Strategy and Policy Statement on
Environment and Development, 1992, National Forest Policy, 1988 and a Policy Statement on
Abatement of Pollution, 1992 have also been evolved.

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