Part 3 Programming CNC Turning Centers

Part 3 Study Questions

1. In NC (tape) controlled machines, the M02 command rewinds the tape to its start.
How is a CNC machine commanded to return the program to its start?

a. M03

b. M08

c. M30

d. M05

2. The term modal commands means that once the command is initiated, it stays in
effect until cancelled or replaced by another command from the same group.

T or F

3. In programming, tool function is commanded by the four digits that follow the
letter address T (example T0404). What do these two sets of numbers refer to?

The first two digits refer to the geometry offset and the second two are to the wear offset

4. Of the following choices, which is the best method for compensating for
dimensional inaccuracies caused by tool defl ection or wear?

a. Geometry Offsets

b. Wear Offsets

c. Tool Length Offsets

d. Absolute Position Register

5. When the rough turning cycle G71 is used, which letters identify the amount of
stock to leave for the fi nish pass, X-axis, and Z-axis respectively?

a. U and V

b. X and Z

c. P and Q

d. U and W

6. Sequence (N) numbers in programs may be omitted entirely and the program will
execute without any problem.

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T or F

7. The default (at machine start-up) feed rate on lathes is typically measured in

a. Cutting speed

b. Inches per revolution in/rev

c. Inches per minute in/min

d. Constant surface speed

8. The advantage of using G96 Constant Cutting Speed in turning is that as the
diameter changes (position of the tool changes in relation to the centerline), the r/min increases or
decreases to accomplish the programmed cutting speed.

T or F

9. The preparatory function G50 relates to two things in programming:

a. Absolute positioning setting and maximum spindle r/min setting

b. Absolute position setting and constant spindle r/min

c. Work offset and tool offsets

d. Absolute position setting and constant surface speed

10. When incremental programming is required in turning diameters and facing, which
letters identify the axis movements respectively?

a. I and J

b. U and W

c. I and K

d. U and V

11. Which M Codes are used to activate and deactivate a subprogram respectively?

a. M03 and M04

b. M2 and M30

c. M98 and M99

d. M41 and 42

12. What M-Code is listed in the last line of a subprogram?

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a. M30

b. M99

c. M98

d. M02

13. What two letters identify the incremental distance from the starting point to the arcs
center in G02/G03 programming?

a. I and J

b. I and K

c. J and K

d. X and R

14. When programming arcs with modern CNC controllers I, J and K can be omitted
and replaced by R. If the arc is greater than 180°, what must be added to the R command?

A negative sign

15. Fixed cutting cycle G90 is limited to orthogonal tool movements (no contouring or
chamfers are allowed).

T or F

16. When using the Multiple Repetitive Cycle, Rough Cutting Cycle, G71, U and W
represent the stock allowance for fi nishing. What cycle is required to remove the stock allowance?

a. G90

b. G73

c. G76

d. G70

17. What is the major reason for selection of the Pattern Repeating Cycle, G73, as
opposed to the Rough Cutting Cycle, G71?

a. It is required to make the fi nish allowance cut on X and Z.

b. This cycle is well suited where an equal amount of material is to be removed

from all surfaces.

c. G73 is limited to orthogonal cuts while G71 can cut radius and chamfers.

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d. G71 is limited to rough cutting only while G73 is required to remove stock
allowances.

18. When programming arc and angular cuts using tool nose radius compensation G41
and G42, which is used for facing and turning when the tool is mounted above the part centerline?

a. G41 facing, G42 turning

b. G42 facing, G41 turning

c. Neither. The tool nose radius amount must be calculated and pro-grammed to
compensate.

d. G41 for facing if contours or angles are involved, G42 for turning if contours
or angles are involved.

19. Tool tip orientation needs to be identifi ed in the controller when TNRC is used to
program functions G41 or G42. How is this information input?

a. The number is input by R into the program

b. The number is input by T into the offset page

c. The number is input by R into the offset page

d. The number is input by T into the program

20. Using the tool fi gures 89, 91, 95, and 96, identify the tool tip identifi cation
numbers.

3;6;8;6

21. When programming the G76 multiple thread cutting cycle, the letter address I
allows for programming:

a. Tapered thread cutting

b. Elimination of taper in thread cutting

c. Both a and b

d. only a

22. Name one reason that writing programs using Tool Nose Radius Compensation
(TNRC) are advantageous.

Contour profile points may be used

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Part 4 Study Questions

1. What other program word is necessary when programming G01 linear

interpolation?

a. S

b. F

c. T

d. H

2. Which code activates the positive tool length offset?

a. G54

b. G40

c. G41

d. G43

3. When programming an arc, which letters identify the arc center location?a. X, Y,

and Z

b. A, B, and C

c. I, J, and K

d. Q and P

4. Which of the following are modal commands?

a. G01

b. G00

c. F

d. All of the above

5. Cutter diameter compensation G41 and G42 offset the cutter to the left or the right.
Which command is used for climb (down) milling?

a. G40

b. G41

c. G42

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d. G43

6. When programming an arc, an additional method exists that does not use I, J, and
K. Which program word is used?

a. A

b. B

c. C

d. R

7. A block of codes at the beginning of the program are used to cancel modal
commands and are called the “Safety Block”. They are:

a. G90 G54 G00

b. G20 G90 G00

c. G40 G80 G49

d. G91 G28 G00

8. When programming an arc using the R address, a negative sign must be used with
the radius value in order to create a full circle.

T or F

9. When using the canned drilling cycle G83, which letter identifi es the peck
amount?

a. Z

b. P

c. K

d. Q

10. When a subprogram is used, which miscellaneous code is used to call it?

a. M06

b. M99

c. M98

d. M19

11. What character is used in the program to instate an optional block skip?a. (

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b. )

c. ;

d. /

12. What character is inserted at the End of a Block when the program is loaded into
the controller?

a. ;

b. /

c. (

d. )

13. The letter address, O, is used to identify the program number and has no other use
in programming.

T or F

14. Sequence or line numbers are identifi ed by the letter address N. The program will
not execute if they are omitted.

T or F

15. The letter address H is used to indicate a tool length offset register number. Which
preparatory function is it used in conjunction with?

a. G54

b. G43

c. G42

d. G41

16. When using canned drilling cycles, which of the following codes are used to return
the drill to the initial plane?

a. G99

b. G98

c. G90

d. G92

17. When using canned drilling cycles, which of the following codes are used to return
the drill to the reference plane?

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a. G99

b. G98

c. G90

d. G92

18. When using canned drilling cycles, what other letter address is necessary to
identify the reference plane position?

a. P

b. Q

c. R

d. S

19. When using cutter diameter compensation in a program, what letter address is used
to identify the location of the value of the offset?

a. A

b. R

c. H

d. D

20. Which G-Code is used to cancel Cutter Diameter Compensation?

a. G40

b. G41

c. G42

d. G43

21. Match the following defi nitions with the proper M-Code.
Program Stop M30 ___
Optional Stop M06 ___
End of Program M03 ___
Spindle on Clockwise M00 ___
Spindle on Counterclockwise M01 ___
Spindle Off M19 ___
Flood Coolant On M05 ___
Flood Coolant Off M98 ___

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Spindle Orientation M08 ___

Subprogram Call M04 ___
Subprogram End M09 ___
Tool Change M99 ___
22. Match the following defi nitions with the proper G-Code.

Linear Interpolation G90 ___

Circular Interpolation Clockwise G00 ___
Rapid Traverse G81 ___
Dwell G40 ___
Absolute Programming G28 ___
Incremental Programming G41 ___
Canned Cycle Cancellation G91 ___ Peck Drilling Cycle G42
___
Drilling Cycle G43 ___
Cutter Diameter Compensation Left G01 ___
Cutter Diameter Compensation Right G83 ___
Cutter Diameter Compensation Cancellation G84 ___
Zero Return Command G04 ___
Inch Programming G54 ___
Metric Programming G92 ___
Tapping Cycle G21 ___
Absolute Program Zero Setting G02 ___ Fixture Offset
Command G80 ___
Positive Tool Length Compensation G20 ___

23. Match the following defi nitions with the proper letter address.
Program Number A ___
Sequence Number B ___
Preparatory Function C ___
Miscellaneous Function D ___
X Coordinate F ___
Y Coordinate G ___
Z Coordinate H ___
Reference Plane Designation I ___
Feed rate J ___
Spindle Function K ___
Subprogram Repeats L ___

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Tool Function M ___

Tool Length Compensation Register N ___
Diameter Compensation Register O ___
Rotational Axis about the X P ___
Rotational Axis about the Y Q ___
Rotational Axis about the Z R ___
Dwell in Seconds S ___
Peck Amount in Canned Drilling T ___
Arc Center X-axis X ___
Arc Center Y-axis Y ___
Arc Center Z-axis Z ___
24. If a linear move is programmed G01 X1.5 Y1.5, what is the angle of the resulting
cut?

a. 30°

b. 180°

c. 45°

d. 90°

25. If a rapid traverse positioning move is programmed along the X and Y axes and the
distances are unequal, the shortest distance will be achieved fi rst.

T or F

26. When using fi xture offset programming G54−G59, it is possible to have multiple
offsets in one program.

T or F

27. In the Tool Sheet Chart for Program 421, the Feeds and Speeds are missing.
Identify the SFM and FPT for each tool.

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