Math 415. Exam 1.

September 28, 2017

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Discussion Section:

• There are 18 problems worth 5 points each.

• You must not communicate with other students.
• No books, notes, calculators, or electronic devices allowed.

• This is a 70 minute exam.

• Do not turn this page until instructed to.
• Fill in the answers on the scantron form provided. Also circle your answers on the exam itself.
• Hand in both the exam and the scantron.

• On the scantron make sure you bubble in your name, your UIN and your NetID.
• There are several different versions of this exam.
• Please double check that you correctly bubbled in your answer on the scantron. It is the answer
on the scantron that counts!

• Good luck!

Fill in the following information on the scantron form:

On the first page of the scantron bubble in your name, your UIN and your NetID!
On the back of the scantron bubble in the following:
95. D
96. C

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1. (5 points) Consider the following multiplication of two 3 × 3-matrices, where the
question marks represent unknown coefficients:
    
9 8 6 8 1 4 c11 c12 c13
? 9 ? 2 ? ? = c21 c22 c23  .
? 3 1 3 3 ? c31 c32 c33
With the information given, only one coefficient in the matrix on the right hand side
can be calculated. Which one is it?
(A) c11
(B) c31
(C) c21
(D) c12
(E) None of the other answers.

2. (5 points) Let a, b be non-zero vectors in R3 , where a is not a scalar multiple of b.

Which of the following is a description of the set span(a, b)?

(A) It is R2 .
(B) It is a line in R3 through the origin.
(C) It is the union of two lines in R3 .
(D) It is a plane in R3 through the origin.
(E) None of the other answers.

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3. (5 points) Let a1 , a2 and b be three vectors in R3 and suppose b is in span(a1 , a2 ).
Consider the matrix A = a1 a2 b , that is the matrix whose first column is a1 ,
whose second column is a2 and whose third column is b. Which of the following
statements is true?
 
1 0 0
(A) A is row equivalent to 0 1 0.
0 0 1
(B) None of the other answers.
(C) A has at most 2 pivots.
(D) A is invertible.

 
1 b
4. (5 points) For which values of b is the matrix invertible?
2 2b

(A) For any number b different from 1.

(B) For no number b.
(C) None of the other answers.
(D) For any number b.
(E) For any number b different from 0.

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5. (5 points) Let A be a 3 × 3 matrix and b ∈ R3 . Consider the following statements:
 
1 0 0
I. The row reduced echelon form of A is 0 1 0.
0 0 1
II. If the linear system Ax = b has a solution, then it has a unique solution.
Which one of these statements is always true?
(A) Statement I only.
(B) Statement II only.
(C) Statement I and Statement II.
(D) Neither of Statements I or II.

6. (5 points) Let      
1 1 1
w =  h , v1 =  1  , v2 =  2  .
h 1 3
For which values of h is w a linear combination of v 1 and v 2 ?
(A) Only when h = −1.
(B) Only when h = 1.
(C) For no value of h.
(D) None of the other answers.

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  
∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
7. (5 points) The matrix A =  ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ is reduced to the identity matrix

∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
 
1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0
  using the following row operations (in the given order):
0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1
(1) R2 ↔ R4.
(2) R2 → R2 + 2R1 ,
What is A−1 ?
 
1 0 0 0
0 0 0 1
(A) 
0 0 1 0

2 1 0 0
 
1 0 0 0
 0 0 0 1
(B) 
 0 0 1 0

−2 1 0 0
 
1 0 0 0
2 0 0 1
(C) 
0 0 1 0

0 1 0 0
(D) None of the other answers.
 
1 0 0 0
−2 0 0 1
(E) 
0

0 1 0
0 1 0 0

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  
1 −1 3 4
0 2 −2 1
8. (5 points) Let A = 
0 0
. Which one of the following statements is true?
0 4
0 0 0 5

(A) There is b ∈ R4 such that Ax = b is inconsistent.

(B) A is invertible.
(C) None of the other answers.
(D) Ax = 0 has exactly one solution.
(E) A does not have an LU decomposition.

9. (5 points) Let A be an m × n matrix. Which one of the following statements is true?

(A) AT A is an n × n matrix.
(B) AT A is an m × n matrix.
(C) AT A is an m × m matrix.
(D) AT A is an n × m matrix.
(E) None of the other answers.

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10. (5 points) Which of the following vectors does NOT belong to the set
     
1 2 4
2 4  8 
span 
3 , 6 , 12?
     
0 0 0
 
3
6
(A) 9

0
 
0
0
(B) 0

0
 
11
22
(C) 33

0
 
2
4
(D) 6

0
 
5
10
(E) 20

0

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11. (5 points) Which one of the following statements is FALSE?
(A) If a system of linear equations has two different solutions, it must have infinitely
many solutions.
(B) If A is invertible, the equation Ax = b has exactly one solution.
(C) Every matrix is row equivalent to a unique matrix in reduced row echelon form.
(D) Every system of n linear equations in n variables has exactly one solution.

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12. (5 points) Let A = a1 a2 be a 3 × 2 matrix and suppose that
   
1   1  
1 1
Ax = 0 , for x = , and Ay = 1 , for y =
1 2
1 1

Then the following holds:

(A)    
1 1
= 1a1 + 1a2 , = 1a1 + 2a2
1 2

(B) None of the other answers.

(C)    
1 1
0 = a1 + a2 , 1 = a1 + 2a2
1 1

(D)    
1 1
0 = a1 + 2a2 , 1 = a1 + a2
1 1

(E)    
1 1
= a1 + 0a2 + 3a3 , = 1a1 + 1a2 + 1a3
1 2

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13. (5 points) Let P be the 4 × 4-permutation matrix that permutes the second row
and the third row. Which of the following statements is true?
   
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0
 and (P −1 )9 = 0 0 1 0.
 
(A) P 7 = 
0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
   
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 −1 9
0 1 0 0
(B) P 7 = 
0 0 1 0 and (P ) = 0 0 1 0.
  
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
   
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 1 0
 and (P −1 )9 = 0 1 0 0.
 
(C) P 7 = 
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
(D) None of the other answers.
   
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
(E) P 7 = 
0 1 and (P −1 )9 =  .
0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

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14. (5 points) Find an explicit description of the null space of
 
1 0 −1 −2
A = 0 1 2 1 .
0 0 0 1

that is, find a minimal set of vectors v1 , . . . , vp such that Nul(A) = span (v1 , . . . , vp ) .
(A) None of the other answers.
 
1
−2
(B) 
1

0
     
1 0 2
(C) 0 , 1 , 0
    
0 0 1
   
1 0
−2 0
(D) 
 1  , 0
  
0 1
 
−1
(E)  2 .
0

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15. (5 points) Consider the following subsets of R2 :
   
a a
W1 = { : a ∈ R}, W2 = { : ab = 1}.
a b
Then:
(A) Only W1 is a subspace of R2 .
(B) Only W2 is a subspace of R2 .
(C) Neither W1 nor W2 is a subspace of R2 .
(D) Both W1 and W2 are subspaces of R2 .

16. (5 points) Consider the following matrix

 
1 1 −1 0
 −2 −2 2 0 .
2 2 −2 0

What is the number of pivot positions of this matrix?

(A) 3
(B) 0
(C) None of the other answers.
(D) 1
(E) 2

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17. (5 points) Let  
1 2 3
A = 0 4 1 .
3 2 1
Which of the following is the matrix L in an LU factorization of A?
 
1 0 0
(A) L = 0 1 0 .
3 −1 1
 
1 0 0
(B) L =  0 1 0 .
−3 1 1
 
1 0 0
(C) L = 0 1 0 .
3 1 1
 
1 0 0
(D) L =  0 1 0 .
−3 −1 1
(E) None of the other answers.

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x
18. (5 points) Let D = { : x2 + y 2 ≤ 1} denote the set of vectors in the unit disk
y
of R2 . It can be shown that D is NOT a subspace of R2 . Which of the following tests
does D fail to satisfy? (Select all that apply.)
I. contains the zero vector
II. closed under vector addition
III. closed under scalar multiplication
(A) III. only
(B) I., II., and III.
(C) II. only
(D) II. and III. only

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