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IB 2 HL - Nuclear Physics - 2

The document contains questions about nuclear physics processes and concepts such as: 1) The decay of radium-91 to radon via alpha particle emission, including calculating the proton number, nucleon number, and half-life of radium-91. 2) Why an alpha particle and radon nucleus move in opposite directions after radium decay. 3) Why a beta particle has a longer range than an alpha particle of the same energy in air. 4) The concept of mass defect and binding energy, including calculating the energy change in a nuclear reaction and sketching how binding energy per nucleon varies with nucleon number.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
133 views5 pages

IB 2 HL - Nuclear Physics - 2

The document contains questions about nuclear physics processes and concepts such as: 1) The decay of radium-91 to radon via alpha particle emission, including calculating the proton number, nucleon number, and half-life of radium-91. 2) Why an alpha particle and radon nucleus move in opposite directions after radium decay. 3) Why a beta particle has a longer range than an alpha particle of the same energy in air. 4) The concept of mass defect and binding energy, including calculating the energy change in a nuclear reaction and sketching how binding energy per nucleon varies with nucleon number.

Uploaded by

Jessica Guy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

– 15 – M10/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ1/XX+

(Question B2 continued)
Part 2 Nuclear processes

(a) A nucleus of radium-91 ( 226


91 Ra ) undergoes alpha particle decay to form a nucleus of
radon (Rn).

(i) Identify the proton number and nucleon number of the nucleus of Rn. [2]

Proton number: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nucleon number: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) The half-life of radium-91 is 1600 years. Determine the length of time taken for
87.5 % of the radium to disintegrate. [2]

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(b) Immediately after the decay of a stationary radium nucleus, the alpha particle and the
radon nucleus move off in opposite directions and at different speeds.

α radon

Outline the reasons for these observations. [3]

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(c) Outline why a beta particle has a longer range in air than an alpha particle of the same
energy. [3]

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–6– M14/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX

3. This question is about binding energy and mass defect.

(a) State what is meant by mass defect. [1]

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(b) (i) Data for this question is given below.

Binding energy per nucleon for deuterium ( 21 H ) is 1.1 MeV.


Binding energy per nucleon for helium-3 ( 23 He ) is 2.6 MeV.

Using the data, calculate the energy change in the following reaction. [2]
2
1 H + 11 H → 23 He + γ

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(This question continues on the following page)

28EP06
–7– M14/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX

(Question 3 continued)

(ii) The cross on the grid shows the binding energy per nucleon and nucleon number A
of the nuclide nickel-62.

10

binding energy
per nucleon 5
/ MeV

0
0 50 100 150 200 250
nucleon number A

On the grid, sketch a graph to show how the average binding energy per nucleon
varies with nucleon number A. [2]

(iii) State and explain, with reference to your sketch graph, whether energy is released
or absorbed in the reaction in (b)(i). [2]

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28EP07

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