Sample Report

PowerCET Corporation
3350 Scott Blvd., Bldg. 55. Unit 1
Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA
Voice: 408/988-1346 | Fax: 408/988-4869
URL: http://www.powercet.com
E-mail: consulting@powercet.com

EN50160 Power Analysis Report

PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Introduction
This is a report of testing to the EN50160 standard that was performed on data recorded at the
PowerCET Main 0 04/15/05 16:55 location of the PowerCET Corp. site. This report covers the interval
from: Friday, April 15, 2005 16:55:41 to Friday, April 22, 2005 16:55:41

This report is composed of:

• Summary of tests: This section is a brief summary of the results of these tests.

• Site and Location Information: This section lists the monitor settings while the data was recorded.

• Compliance limits: This section contains the compliance limits over which this report was run.

• Results: This section contains the results of testing to the EN50160 standard. This includes the
following charts and compliance tests:
• Compliance test results
• Power frequency
• Supply voltage variations
• Rapid voltage changes
• Flicker severity
• Supply voltage dips and interruptions
• Temporary power frequency overvoltages between live conductors and earth
• Transient overvoltages between live conductors and earth
• Supply voltage unbalance
• Harmonic voltage

The following tests are not included in this report:

• Interharmonic voltage
• Mains signaling voltage on the supply voltage

Summary of Test Results

Based on the tests that were run, this site is not in compliance with the EN50160 standard in the
following area(s):

● Rapid voltage changes

● Supply voltage dips and interruptions

Preparation Date: January 26, 2006 Page 1 of 17

Sample Report EN50160 Power Analysis Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Site and Location Information

Site Information

Name PowerCET Corp.

Account Number N/A
Date and Time Friday, February 11, 2005 11:13:30
Phone Number (408) 988-1346
Contact Bruce Lonie
Memo PQ Monitoring & Load Study
Problem Description N/A
Date First Noticed Thursday, February 10, 2005
Problem Frequency Unknown
How Problem Exhibits Itself Unknown
Problem Cost N/A

Location Information

Name PowerCET Main 0 04/15/05 16:55

Power Type Three phase wye
Feed Phase Unknown
Phone (408) 988-1346
Date and Time Wednesday, April 27, 2005 15:57:24
Nominal Voltage (Un) 120 Volts
Nominal Frequency 60 Hz

Page 2 of 17 Preparation Date: January 26, 2006

EN50160 Power Analysis Report

Sample Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Compliance Limits
This is a low voltage (lv) system (nominal rms value ≤ 1kV) with a synchronous connection to an
interconnected system. The table below indicates the limits or ranges of values required for each
parameter to be in compliance with the EN50160 standard.

Parameter Limit for Compliance to pass

Power frequency Mean value over 10 seconds
• ±1% during 99.5% of a year
• +4% / −6% during 100% of the time
Supply voltage variations (under Mean rms over 10 minutes
normal operating conditions, • Un ±10% during 95% of one week
excluding situations arising from faults • Un +10% / −15% during 100% of the time
or voltage interruptions)
Rapid voltage changes Un ±5%, Un ±10% with a short duration
Flicker severity Plt ≤ 1 for 95% of the time
Supply voltage dips and interruptions Dips
Duration < 1 second
• Concern: 60% to 90% Un
• Severe concern: below 60% Un
Duration ≥ 1 second
• Concern: 60% to 90% Un
• Severe concern: below 60% Un
Interruptions
Duration ≤ 180 seconds
• Severe concern: below 1% Un
Duration >180 seconds
• Severe concern: below 1% Un
Overvoltages between live conductors Temporary overvoltages
and earth • Fail: > 110% Un (normally ≤ 1.5kV)
Transient overvoltages
• Fail: > 1.5kV (normally < 6kV)
Supply voltage unbalance (under 10 minute mean rms value of negative phase sequence
normal operating conditions) component
• ≤ 2% during 95% of one week
Harmonic voltage (under normal 10 minute mean rms
operating conditions) • Individual harmonics up to the 25th shall be less
than or equal to the value in the following
Harmonic Compliance Limits Table during
95% of one week
• THD ≤ 8% during 95% of one week

Preparation Date: January 26, 2006 Page 3 of 17

Sample Report EN50160 Power Analysis Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Harmonic Compliance Limits Table

(Values of individual harmonic voltages in percent of Un)

Odd harmonics Even Harmonics

Not multiples of 3 Multiples of 3
Order Relative Order Relative Order Relative
h voltage h voltage h voltage
5 6% 3 5% 2 2%
7 5% 9 1.5 % 4 1%
11 3.5 % 15 0.5 % 6…24 0.5 %
13 3% 21 0.5 %
17 2%
19 1.5 %
23 1.5 %
25 1.5 %

Results
Compliance tests overview

This chart displays a summary of the measured parameters for compliance to EN50160. A green bar
indicates that the measurement is in compliance. An orange, magenta or red bar indicates that the
measurement is not in compliance with the limits established for this report.

Page 4 of 17 Preparation Date: January 26, 2006

EN50160 Power Analysis Report

Sample Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

EN50160 Results for this location

Power frequency Pass
Supply voltage variations Pass
Flicker Pass
Supply voltage unbalance Pass
Harmonics Pass
Rapid voltage changes Concern
Voltage dips and interruptions Concern
Temporary overvoltages – conductor to earth Pass
Transient overvoltages – conductor to earth Pass

Power frequency

This chart displays the mean value of the fundamental frequency measured over 10 seconds under
normal operating conditions. This system has a synchronous connection to an interconnected system.

Limit Parameter for Compliance to Pass Actual Result

%
±1 % 99.5% of measurements 100.0 Pass
+4% / −6% 100% of measurements 100.0 Pass

Preparation Date: January 26, 2006 Page 5 of 17

Sample Report EN50160 Power Analysis Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Supply voltage variations

This chart displays the 10 minute mean rms value of the supply voltage under normal operating
conditions, excluding situations arising from faults or voltage interruptions. Supply voltage variations are
an increase or decrease of voltage normally due to variation of the total load of a distribution system or a
part of it. This is a low voltage (lv) system (nominal rms value ≤ 1kV).

Limit Parameter for Compliance to U1 U2 U3 Result

Pass % % %
±10 % Un 95% of measurements 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
+10% / −15% 100% of measurements 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
Un

Page 6 of 17 Preparation Date: January 26, 2006

EN50160 Power Analysis Report

Sample Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Rapid voltage changes

This chart displays the rapid voltage changes of the supply voltage. Rapid voltage changes are single
rapid variations of the rms value of a voltage between two consecutive levels which are sustained for
definite but unspecified durations. Rapid voltage changes are mainly caused either by load changes in
customers’ installations or by switching in the system.

Limit Parameter for U1 U2 U3 Result

Compliance to Pass counts counts counts
Voltage changes 0 counts 0 1 0 Concern
> ±5% Un,
≤ ±10% Un

Preparation Date: January 26, 2006 Page 7 of 17

Sample Report EN50160 Power Analysis Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Flicker severity (Plt)

This chart displays the long term flicker severity caused by voltage fluctuations under normal operating
conditions. Flicker is the impression of unsteadiness of visual sensation induced by a light stimulus
whose luminance or spectral distribution fluctuates with time.

Limit Parameter for Compliance to U1 U2 U3 Result

Pass % % %
Plt ≤ 1 95% of measurements 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass

Page 8 of 17 Preparation Date: January 26, 2006

EN50160 Power Analysis Report

Sample Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Supply voltage dips and interruptions

This chart displays the dips and interruptions of the supply voltage. Dips are a sudden reduction of the
supply voltage to a value between 90% and 1% of the nominal voltage Un, followed by a voltage recovery
after a short period of time. Interruptions are a condition in which the voltage at the supply terminals is
lower than 1% of the nominal voltage Un. The results from all of the phases are consolidated for this
presentation.

% Un Duration in seconds
0.01<0.1 0.1<0.5 0.5<1 1<3 3<20 20<60 60<180 >180
Dips
85 < 90 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
70 < 85 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
60 < 70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
50 < 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
40 < 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 < 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 < 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 < 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 < 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Interruptions
< 1% Un 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Preparation Date: January 26, 2006 Page 9 of 17

Sample Report EN50160 Power Analysis Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Supply voltage dips and interruptions (cont’d)

For compliance testing to EN50160, the above results are presented in a different fashion to yield the
following results:

Dips (%Un) Parameter for U1 U2 U3 Result

≤ 1 second Compliance to Pass counts counts counts
60% < 90% Not specified 0 0 1 Concern
1% < 60% 0 counts 0 0 0 Pass

Dips(%Un) Parameter for U1 U2 U3 Result

> 1 second Compliance to Pass counts counts counts
60% < 90% Not specified 0 0 0 Pass
1% < 60% 0 counts 0 0 0 Pass

Interruptions Parameter for U1 U2 U3 Result

(< 1% Un) Compliance to Pass counts counts counts
Short 0 counts 0 0 0 Pass
(≤ 180 seconds)
Long 0 counts 0 0 0 Pass
(> 180 seconds)

Page 10 of 17 Preparation Date: January 26, 2006

EN50160 Power Analysis Report

Sample Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Temporary power frequency overvoltages

This chart displays the temporary power frequency overvoltages. Temporary overvoltages generally
appear during a fault in the public distribution system or in a customer’s installation and disappear when
the fault is cleared. The results from all of the phases are consolidated for this presentation.

Voltage Temporary overvoltages

Un (seconds)
(%) 0.01<0.1 0.1<0.5 0.5<1 1<3 3<20 20<60 60<180 >180
110 < 130 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
130 < 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
150 < 170 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
170 < 190 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
190 < 210 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
210 < 1.5kV 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
≥ 1.5kV 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Preparation Date: January 26, 2006 Page 11 of 17

Sample Report EN50160 Power Analysis Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Temporary power frequency overvoltages (cont’d)

For compliance testing to EN50160, the above results are presented in a different fashion to yield the
following results:

Limit Parameter for U1 U2 U3 Result

Compliance to Pass counts counts counts
> 1.1Un 0 counts 0 0 0 Pass

Page 12 of 17 Preparation Date: January 26, 2006

EN50160 Power Analysis Report

Sample Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Transient overvoltages between live conductors and earth

This chart shows the transient overvoltages of the supply voltage. A transient overvoltage is a short
duration oscillatory or non-oscillatory overvoltage usually highly damped and with a duration of a few
milliseconds or less. Transient overvoltages are usually caused by lightning, switching or operation of
fuses.

Overvoltage Duration (μSec)

<1 <5 < 10 < 50 < 100 < 500 < 1000 > 1000
100 < 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
200 < 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
500 < 1kV 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1kV < 2kV 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2kV < 6kV 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
≥ 6kV 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Preparation Date: January 26, 2006 Page 13 of 17

Sample Report EN50160 Power Analysis Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Transient overvoltages between live conductors and earth (cont’d)

For compliance testing to EN50160, the above results are presented in a different fashion to yield the
following results:

Limit Parameter for U1 U2 U3 Result

Compliance to Pass counts counts counts
< 1.5kV No limit 0 0 0 Pass
≥ 1.5kV 0 counts 0 0 0 Pass

Page 14 of 17 Preparation Date: January 26, 2006

EN50160 Power Analysis Report

Sample Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Supply voltage unbalance

This chart shows the unbalance of the 10 minute mean rms values of the supply voltage under normal
operating conditions. Unbalance is the condition in which the rms values of the phase voltages or the
phase angles between consecutive phases are not equal.

For this report, the negative sequence component is calculated according to EN61000-4-30/FDIS using
the equation:

1 − 3 − 6β U 124 fund + U 234 fund + U 314 fund

u2 = * 100 % with β =
1 + 3 − 6β (U 2
12 fund + U 232 fund + U 312 fund )
2

(Uij fund = phase i to phase j fundamental voltage)

Limit Parameter for Compliance to Pass Actual % Result

≤2% 95% of measurements 100.0 Pass

Preparation Date: January 26, 2006 Page 15 of 17

Sample Report EN50160 Power Analysis Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Harmonic voltage

These charts show a summary of the results of the 10 minute mean rms values of the supply voltage THD
and harmonics under normal operating conditions. Harmonics are caused mainly by customers’ non-
linear loads connected to all voltage levels of the supply system.

Page 16 of 17 Preparation Date: January 26, 2006

EN50160 Power Analysis Report

Sample Report
PowerCET Corporation
Santa Clara, CA

Harmonic voltage (cont’d)

Harmonic Parameter for Compliance to U1 U2 U3 Result

number Pass: 95% of measurements % % %
THD ≤ 8.0 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
2 ≤ 2.0 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
3 ≤ 5.0 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
4 ≤ 1.0 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
5 ≤ 6.0 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
6 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
7 ≤ 5.0 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
8 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
9 ≤ 1.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
10 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
11 ≤ 3.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
12 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
13 ≤ 3.0 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
14 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
15 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
16 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
17 ≤ 2.0 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
18 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
19 ≤ 1.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
20 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
21 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
22 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
23 ≤ 1.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
24 ≤ 0.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass
25 ≤ 1.5 % 100.0 100.0 100.0 Pass

Preparation Date: January 26, 2006 Page 17 of 17