Electrical SE
Electrical SE
75
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
Revised Syllabus
Program- Bachelor of Engineering
Course‐ Electrical Engineering
(Second Year – Sem. III & IV)
Under
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
(As per Credit Based Semester and Grading System from 2013-14)
From Dean’s Desk:
To meet the challenge of ensuring excellence in engineering education, the issue of quality needs to
be addressed, debated and taken forward in a systematic manner. Accreditation is the principal means
of quality assurance in higher education.The major emphasis of accreditation process is to measure
the outcomes of the program that is being accredited. In line with this Faculty of Technology of
University of Mumbai has taken a lead in incorporating philosophy of outcome based education in the
process of curriculum development.
Faculty of Technology, University of Mumbai, in one of its meeting unanimously resolved that, each
Board of Studies shall prepare some Program Educational Objectives (PEO’s) and give freedom to
affiliated Institutes to add few (PEO’s) and course objectives and course outcomes to be clearly
defined for each course, so that all faculty members in affiliated institutes understand the depth and
approach of course to be taught, which will enhance learner’s learning process. It was also resolved
that, maximum senior faculty from colleges and experts from industry to be involved while revising
the curriculum. I am happy to state that, each Board of studies has adhered to the resolutions passed
by Faculty of Technology, and developed curriculum accordingly. In addition to outcome based
education, semester based credit and grading system is also introduced to ensure quality of
engineering education.
Semester based Credit and Grading system enables a much-required shift in focus from teacher-
centric to learner-centric education since the workload estimated is based on the investment of time in
learning and not in teaching. It also focuses on continuous evaluation which will enhance the quality
of education. University of Mumbai has taken a lead in implementing the system through its affiliated
Institutes and Faculty of Technology has devised a transparent credit assignment policy and adopted
ten points scale to grade learner’s performance.Credit assignment for courses is based on 15 weeks
teaching learning process, however content of courses is to be taught in 12-13 weeks and remaining 3-
2 weeks to be utilized for revision, guest lectures, coverage of content beyond syllabus etc.
Credit and grading based system was implemented for First Year of Engineering from the academic
year 2012-2013. Subsequently this system will be carried forward for Second Year Engineering in the
academic year 2013-2014, for Third Year and Final Year Engineering in the academic years 2014-
2015 and 2015-2016 respectively.
Dr. S. K. Ukarande
Dean,
Faculty of Technology,
Member ‐ Management Council, Senate, Academic Council
University of Mumbai, Mumbai
Preamble:
The overall technical education in our country is changing rapidly in manifolds. Now it is
very much challenging to maintain the quality of education with its rate of expansion. To
meet present requirement a systematic approach is necessary to build the strong technical
base with the quality. Accreditation will provide the quality assurance in higher education
and also to achieve recognition of the institution or program meeting certain specified
standards. The main focus of an accreditation process is to measure the program outcomes,
essentially a range of skills and knowledge that a student will have at the time of graduation
from the program that is being accredited. Faculty of Technology of University of Mumbai
has taken a lead in incorporating philosophy of outcome based education in the process of
curriculum development.
I, as Chairman, Board of Studies in Electrical Engineering of University of Mumbai, happy to
state here that, Program Educational Objectives (PEOs) were finalized for undergraduate
program in Electrical Engineering, more than twenty senior faculty members from the
different institutes affiliated to University of Mumbai were actively participated in this
process. Few PEOs were finalized for undergraduate program in Electrical Engineering are
listed below;
• To provide the overall strong technical foundation to formulate, solve and analyse
engineering problems during undergraduate program.
• To prepare students to demonstrate an ability to identify, formulate and solve electrical based
issues.
• To prepare students to demonstrate an ability in the area of design, control, analyse and
interpret the electrical and electronics systems.
• To prepare students for successful career in industry, research and development.
• To develop the ability among students for supervisory control and data acquisition for power
system application.
• To provide opportunity for students to handle the multidisciplinary projects.
• To create the awareness of the life-long learning and to introduce them to professional ethics
and codes of professional practice.
The affiliated institutes may include their own PEOs in addition to the above list
To support the philosophy of outcome based education, in addition to stated PEOs, objectives
and expected outcomes are also included in the curriculum. I know, this is a small step taken
to enhance and provide the quality education to the stake holders.
Dr.M.V.Bhatlkar
Chairman,
Board of Studies in Electrical Engineering,
University of Mumbai
Syllabus Scheme for Second Year Electrical Engineering
( Semester III & IV)
Revised course (Rev 2012) from Academic Year 2012 ‐13
(Electrical Engineering)
# Out of four hours, 2 hours theory shall be taught to entire class followed by 2 hrs. practical in
batches.
Signal Processing --
EEC404 4 2 -- 4 1 5
22 10 1 22 5 1 28
.
Electrical Machines –I
EEC403 20 20 20 80 25 25 -- 150
Examination Scheme
Theory
Ter
Prac
End Exam. m
Subject Internal t. / Total
Subject Name Sem. Duration Wo
Code Assessment oral
Exam. (in Hrs) rk
Test Test
Avg
1 2
EEC 301 Applied Mathematics III
20 20 20 80 03 25 - 125
1. 0 Laplace Transform 12
1.3 Inverse Laplace Transform: Partial fraction method, long division method,
residue method
4.1 Scalar and Vector Product: Scalar and vector product of three and four
vectors and their properties
Total 52
Text books:
1. P. N. Wartikar and J. N. Wartikar, “A Text Book of Applied Mathematic”, Vol. I & II,
Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan
2. A. Datta, “Mathematical Methods in Science and Engineering”, 2012
3. B.S. Grewal, “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, Khanna Publication
Reference Books:
Two tests must be conducted which should cover at least 80% of syllabus. The average marks of
both the tests will be considered for final Internal Assessment.
4. Remaining question (Q.2 to Q.6) will be selected from all the modules.
At least 08 assignments covering entire syllabus must be given during the ‘class wise tutorial’.
The assignments should be students’ centric and an attempt should be made to make assignments
more meaningful, interesting and innovative.
Term work assessment must be based on the overall performance of the student with every
assignment graded from time to time. The grades will be converted to marks as per ‘credit and
grading system’ manual and should be added and averaged. Based on above scheme grading and
term work assessment should be done.
Teaching Scheme
Subject Credits Assigned
Subject Name (Contact Hours)
Code
Theory Pract./Tut. Theory Pract./Tut. Total
Electronic Devices and Circuits
EEC302 4 2 4 1 5
(abbreviated as EDC)
Examination Scheme
Theory
Ter
Prac
End Exam. m
Subject Internal t. / Total
Subject Name Sem. Duration Wo
Code Assessment oral
Exam. (in Hrs) rk
Test Test
Avg
1 2
EEC302 Electronic Devices and Circuits 20 20 20 80 03 25 25* 150
Assessment:
Internal Assessment consists of two tests out of which; one should be compulsory class test
(on minimum 02 Modules) and the other is either a class test or assignment on live problems
or course project.
Books Recommended:
Text Books:
1. Robert Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Electronic Devices and Circuits,
Prentice-Hall of India.
2. Millman and Halkias, ‘Electronic Devices and Circuits’, Tata McGraw-Hill.
3. David Bell, Electronic Devices and Circuits, Oxford University Press
Reference Books:
1. Thomas Floyd, ‘Electronic Devices’, Prentice-Hall of India
2. Ramakant A. Gayakwad, Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits
3. Neamen D.A., Electronic Circuit Analysis and Design, McGraw Hill
International.
1. S. Salivahanan, N. Suresh Kumar, “Electronic Devices and Circuits” TMH
Term work:
Term work shall consist of minimum eight experiments, assignments (min two)
The distribution of marks for term work shall be as follows:
The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory
performance of laboratory work and minimum passing in the term work.
Theory Examination:
Examination Scheme
Theory
Ter
Prac
End Exam. m
Subject Internal t. / Total
Subject Name Sem. Duration Wo
Code Assessment oral
Exam. (in Hrs) rk
Test Test
Avg
1 2
Conventional and Non-conventional
EEC303 20 20 20 80 03 25 -- 125
Power Generation
Assessment:
Internal Assessment consists of two tests out of which; one should be compulsory class test
(on minimum 02 Modules) and the other is either a class test or assignment on live problems
or course project.
Books Recommended:
Text Books:
1. MV Deshpande, Elements of Power station design, Tata McGraw Hill
2. DH Bacon, Engineering Thermodynamics, London Butterworth
3. PK Nag, Power Plant Engineering-Steam & Nuclear, Tata McGraw Hill
Reference Books:
1. Fredrick T Morse, Power Plant Engineering, East-West Press Pvt Ltd
2. Mahesh Verma, Power Plant Engineering, Metrolitan Book Co Pvt Ltd
3. RK Rajput, A Text Book of Power System engineering, Laxmi Publication
4. George W Sutton-(Editor), Direct Energy Conversion, Lathur University, Electronic
Series Vol 3, McGraw Hill
Term work:
Term work shall consist of minimum two group assignments based on the syllabus
followed by the seminar on the same and three tutorials based on the syllabus
The distribution of marks for term work shall be as follows:
The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory
performance of laboratory work and minimum passing in the term work.
Theory Examination:
Examination Scheme
Theory
Ter
Prac
End Exam. m
Subject Internal t. / Total
Subject Name Sem. Duration Wo
Code Assessment oral
Exam. (in Hrs) rk
Test Test
Avg
1 2
EEC304 Electrical Networks 20 20 20 80 03 25 -- 125
6 Network Synthesis
Concept of stability, Hurwitz polynomials, Properties and testing
06
of positive real functions, Driving point synthesis of LC, RC, RL
network.
Assessment:
Internal Assessment consists of two tests out of which; one should be compulsory class test
(on minimum 02 Modules) and the other is either a class test or assignment on live problems
or course project.
Books Recommended:
Text Books:
1. W H Hayt, S M Durbin, J E Kemmerly, ‘Engineering Circuit Analysis’, 7th Edition
Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
2. M. E. Van Valkenburg, ‘Network Analysis’, 3rd Edition, PHI Learning.
3. D. Roy Choudhury, ‘Networks and Systems’, 2nd Edition, New Age International.
4. M. E. Van Valkenburg, ‘Linear Circuits’, Prentice Hall.
Reference Books:
1. F. F. Kuo,’ Network Analysis and synthesis’, John Wiley and sons.
2. N Balabanian and T.A. Bickart, ‘Linear Network Theory: Analysis, Properties,
Design and Synthesis’, Matrix Publishers, Inc.
3. C. L.Wadhwa, ‘Network Analysis and synthesis’, New Age international.
4. B. Somanathan Nair, “Network Analysis and Synthesis”, Elsevier Publications
Term work:
Term work shall consist of minimum four tutorials and three simulations (minimum),
assignments (min two)
The distribution of marks for term work shall be as follows:
The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory
performance of laboratory work and minimum passing in the term work.
Theory Examination:
Examination Scheme
Theory
Ter
Prac
End Exam. m
Subject Internal t. / Total
Subject Name Sem. Duration Wo
Code Assessment oral
Exam. (in Hrs) rk
Test Test
Avg
1 2
Electrical and Electronic
EEC305 20 20 20 80 03 25 -- 125
Measurements
Measurement of Resistance
3 05
Wheatstone’s Bridge, Kelvin’s Double Bridge and Megger
Potentiometer
Transducers
Assessment:
Internal Assessment consists of two tests out of which; one should be compulsory class test
(on minimum 02 Modules) and the other is either a class test or assignment on live problems
or course project.
End Semester Examination: Some guidelines for setting the question papers are as, six
questions to be set each of 20 marks, out of these any four questions to be attempted by
students. Minimum 80% syllabus should be covered in question papers of end semester
examination.
Books Recommended:
Text Books:
4. Electrical & Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation by AK Sawhney,
Dhanpat Rai & Sons
5. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques by Helfric and
Cooper, Prentice Hall of India
6. Electronic Instrumentation By H.S.Kalsi, Third Edition, Tata McGraw Hill
Reference Books:
1. Principle of Measurement & Instrumentation by Alan.S.Moris, Prentice Hall of
India
2. Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation by RS Sirohi & Radhakrisnan, New Age
International
List of Experiments Recommended:
Term work:
Term work shall consist of minimum six experiments, assignments (min two)
The distribution of marks for term work shall be as follows:
Laboratory work (Experiments): 10 marks
Assignments: 10 marks
Attendance (Theory and Practical): 05 marks
The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory
performance of laboratory work and minimum passing in the term work.
Theory Examination:
1. Question paper will comprise of 6 questions, each carrying 20 marks.
2. Total four questions need to be solved.
3: Q.1 will be compulsory, based on entire syllabus wherein sub questions of 2 to 5 marks will
be asked.
4: Remaining question will be randomly selected from all the modules.
Subject Subject Name Teaching Scheme (Hrs.) Credits Assigned
Code
3.8 Types of array : One dimensional arrays ,Two Dimensional array, string
4.3 Interface
4.4 Packages
5 Multithreading 4
5.2 Methods
6 Applet 2
Total 26
Text Books:
Reference Books:
EEC Applied 04 -- 01 04 -- 01 05
401 Mathematics IV
Course Objectives This course will present the method of calculus of variations (CoV), basic concepts
of vector spaces, matrix theory, concept of ROC and residue theory with
applications.
1. 0 Calculus of variation 10
1.1 Euler Langrange equation, solution of Euler’s Langrange equation (only results for
different cases for function) independent of a variable, independent of another
variable, independent of differentiation of a variable and independent of both
variables
1.2 Isoperimetric problems, several dependent variables
2.1 Vectors in n-dimensional vector space: Properties, dot product, cross product,
norm and distance properties in n-dimensional vector space.
2.2 Metric spaces, vector spaces over real field, properties of vector spaces over real
field, subspaces.
3.5 Quadratic forms over real field, reduction of quadratic form to a diagonal
canonical form, rank, index, signature of quadratic form, Sylvester’s law of
inertia, value-class of a quadratic form of definite, semi- definite and indefinite
4.1 Complex Integration: Line Integral, Cauchy’s Integral theorem for simply
connected regions, Cauchy’s Integral formula
Total 52
Text books:
1) A Text Book of Applied Mathematics Vol. I & II by P.N.Wartilar & J.N.Wartikar, Pune,
Reference Books:
1) Todd K.Moon and Wynn C. Stirling, Mathematical Methods and algorithms for Signal
Processing, Pearson Education.
2) Kreyszig E., Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th edition, John Wiley, 2006.
3) Linear Algebra- Hoffman & Kunze (Indian editions) 2002
4) Linear Algebra- Anton & Torres (2012) 9th Indian Edition.
5) Complex Analysis – Schaum Series.
Internal Assessment (IA):
Two tests must be conducted which should cover at least 80% of syllabus. The average marks of
both the tests will be considered for final Internal Assessment.
4: Remaining question (Q.2 to Q.6) will be selected from all the modules.
Term Work/Tutorial:
At least 08 assignments covering entire syllabus must be given during the Class Wise Tutorial.
The assignments should be students’ centric and an attempt should be made to make assignments
more meaningful, interesting and innovative.
Term work assessment must be based on the overall performance of the student with every
assignment graded from time to time. The grades will be converted to marks as per Credit and
Grading System manual and should be added and averaged. Based on above scheme grading and
term work assessment should be done.
Teaching Scheme
Subject Credits Assigned
Subject Name (Contact Hours)
Code
Theory Pract./Tut. Theory Pract./Tut. Total
Elements of Power System
EEC402 3 2 3 1 4
(abbreviated as EPS)
Examination Scheme
Theory
Ter
Prac
End Exam. m
Subject Internal t. / Total
Subject Name Sem. Duration Wo
Code Assessment oral
Exam. (in Hrs) rk
Test Test
Avg
1 2
EEC402 Elements of Power System 20 20 20 80 03 25 25 150
Books Recommended:
Text Books:
1. Wadhwa C.L. ‘Electrical power system’, New Age International,4th edition,2005
2. J B. Gupta, ‘A Course In Power Systems’, S. K. Kataria & Sons, 2009
3. Soni M.L., Bhatanagar U.S, Gupta P.V, ‘A course in electrical power’, Dhampat Rai
and Sons., 1987
4. D. P. Kothari, I. J. Nagrath, ‘Modern Power System Analysis’, Mc Graw Hill
5. B.R. Gupta, ‘Power System Analysis And Design’, S.Chand
Reference Books:
1. Stevenson, Modern power system analysis, TMH publication
2. Mehta V.K., Principle of power system, S Chand
Term work:
Term work shall consist of minimum eight combination of experiments, tutorials and
simulations (minimum two) , assignments(min two)
The distribution of marks for term work shall be as follows:
The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory
performance of laboratory work and minimum passing in the term work.
Theory Examination:
Examination Scheme
Theory
Ter
Prac
End Exam. m
Subject Internal t. / Total
Subject Name Sem. Duration Wo
Code Assessment oral
Exam. (in Hrs) rk
Test Test
Avg
1 2
EEC403 Electrical Machines –I 20 20 20 80 03 25 25* 150
Assessment:
Internal Assessment consists of two tests out of which; one should be compulsory class test
(on minimum 02 Modules) and the other is either a class test or assignment on live problems
or course project.
Books Recommended:
Text Books:
1. Bimbhra P.S., Electric Machinery , Khanna Publisher,
2. Bimbhra P.S., Generalized Machine Theory, Khanna Publisher,
3. Kothari D.P, Nagrath I.J., Electric Machines, TMH Publishcations
4. A.E. Fitzgerald, Kingsly, Stephen., Electric Machinery, Tata McGraw Hill
5. Umanand L, Bhat S.R., “Design of Magnetic Components for Switched mode
Power Converters”, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
Reference Books:
1. M.G. Say and E. O. Taylor, Direct current machines, Pitman publication
2. Ashfaq Husain, Electric Machines, Dhanpat Rai and co. publications
3. M.V. Deshpande, Electric Machines, PHI
4. Smarajit Ghosh, Electric Machines, PEARSON
The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory
performance of laboratory work and minimum passing in the term work.
Theory Examination:
Examination Scheme
Theory
Ter
Prac
End Exam. m
Subject Internal t. / Total
Subject Name Sem. Duration Wo
Code Assessment oral
Exam. (in Hrs) rk
Test Test
Avg
1 2
EEC404 Signal Processing 20 20 20 80 03 25 - 125
Assessment:
Internal Assessment consists of two tests out of which; one should be compulsory class test
(on minimum 02 Modules) and the other is either a class test or assignment on live problems
or course project.
Books Recommended:
Text Books:
1. Salivahan S., “Digital Signal Processing”, TMH Publication,2001.
2. Oppenhein & Schafer, “Discrete Time Signal Processing”, PHI Publication 1989.
3. Haykin S and Van Veen B., “Signal & Systems”, Wiley Publication, 2nd Ed.
4. Linder D.K., “Introduction to Signal & Systems”, McGraw Hill International,1999.
Reference Books:
1. Proakis & Manolakis, “Digital Signal Processing” , PHI Publication, 1995
2. Lathi B.P., “Signal & Systems”, Oxford University press, 2nd Ed. 1998
3. Mitra S.K., “Digital Signal Processing”, TMH Publication, 2001.
4. Oppenhein & Schafer, “Discrete Time Signal Processing”, PHI Publication 1989.
5. Luis F Chaparro, “Signals and Systems using MATLAB”, Elsevier Publisher,
Academic Press
6. Li Tan, “ Digital Signal Processing, Fundamentals and Applications”, Elsevier
Publisher, Academic Press
Term work:
Theory Examination:
Examination Scheme
Theory
Ter
Prac
End Exam. m
Subject Internal t. / Total
Subject Name Sem. Duration Wo
Code Assessment oral
Exam. (in Hrs) rk
Test Test
Avg
1 2
Analog and Digital Integrated
EEC405 20 20 20 80 03 25 25* 150
Circuits
Assessment:
Internal Assessment consists of two tests out of which; one should be compulsory class test
(on minimum 02 Modules) and the other is either a class test or assignment on live problems
or course project.
Books Recommended:
Text Books:
1. Gayakwad Ramakant A, Op-amps and Linear Integrated Circuits, Prentice Hall PTR,
2. Boatkar K. R., “Integrated Circuits”, Khanna Publication.
3. D. Roy Choudhury, Shali B Jain, “Linear Integrated Circuits” New Age International
Publication.
4. Millman and Halkias, ‘Integrated Electronics’, Tata McGraw Hill,
5. A. Anand Kumar, “Fundamentals of Digital Circuits”, PHI-2009
6. Jain R.P., “Modern Digitals Electronics”, Tata McGraw Hill, 1984.
7. Roger L. Tokheim, “Digital Electronics”, Tata McGraw Hill
Reference Books:
1 Design with OPAMP analog Ics by Sergio Franco. McGraw Hill 1998 2nd edition.
2 Boylestad Robert and Nashelsky Louis - ‘Electronic Devices and Circuits’, Prentice-
Hall of India,
3 Newman D.A., ‘Electronic Circuit Analysis and Design’, McGraw Hill International.
4 David Bell, Electronic Devices and Circuits,5e Oxford University Press
5 George Clayton, Steve Winder, ‘Operational Amplifiers’, Newnes
6 Alan b. Marcovitz, “Introduction to logic Design”, McGraw Hill International 2002.
7 Malvino & Leach, “Digital principal and Application”, Tata McGraw Hill, 1991.
8 Bignell James& Donovan Robert “Digital Electronics”, Delmar, Thomas Learning,
2001.
9 Jog N.K. ‘Logic Circuits”, 2nd Edition, Naidu Publishers & Printers Pvt. Ltd 1998.
10 Paul M. Chirlian, “Analysis and Design of Integrated Electronic Circuits”, 2nd
Edition, John Wiley and Sons
11 Morris M. Mano. “Digital Design”, Prentice Hall International – 1984.
12 Donald D. Givone, “Digital Priciples and Designs” Tata McGraw Hill
List of Experiments Recommended:
Any Four experiments can be performed From First seven and four from remaining six.
1 Linear applications of op-amp
2 Non linear applications of op-amp
3 Active filters
4 Design and implementation of variable voltage regulator using IC 317
5 Design and implementation of astable multivibrator
6 Design and implementation of monostable multivibrator
7 Design and implementation of VCO.
8 Implementing a Binary to Gray, gray to binary or Binary to XS3 code converter using
gate ICs.
9 Constructing flip-flops like SR, D, JK and T using all NAND gates and a debounce
switch.
10 Designing a mod N counter where N <14 using J K flip-flops and D flip-flops.
11 Design of a ripple counter / OR a two bit comparator using gate ICs.
12 Building of a ring counter and twisted ring counter using D flip-flop ICs.
13 Any one of the following.
(i) Full Adder using Gates and using Decoder or a Multiplexer.
(ii) Using a shift register as a sequence generator.
Term work:
Term work shall consist of minimum eight experiments, assignments (min two)
The distribution of marks for term work shall be as follows:
Laboratory work (Experiments) : 10 marks
Assignments : 10 marks
Attendance (Theory and Practical) : 05 marks
The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory
performance of laboratory work and minimum passing in the term work.
Theory Examination:
Examination Scheme
Theory
Ter
Prac
End Exam. m
Subject Internal t. / Total
Subject Name Sem. Duration Wo
Code Assessment oral
Exam. (in Hrs) rk
Test Test
Avg
1 2
Numerical Methods and
EEC406 20 20 20 80 03 25 -- 125
Optimization Techniques
Assessment:
Internal Assessment consists of two tests out of which; one should be compulsory class test
(on minimum 02 Modules) and the other is either a class test or assignment on live problems
or course project.
Books Recommended:
Text Books:
1. Chapra Seven C, Canale R P , Numerical Methods for Engineers, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Schilling, Robert J.,Numerical Methods for Engineers (using MATLAB and C).
Thomson Asia Pvt. Ltd.
3. Nita H. Shah ‘Numerical Methods With C++ Programming’ PHI learning Ltd.
4. S. S. Rao, ‘Engineering Optimization’, New Age International Publishers.
Reference Books:
1 David G Luenberger, “Linear and Non Linear Programming”, 2nd Ed, Addison-
Wesley Pub.Co.,Massachusetts, 1973
2 Kalyanmoy Deb, “Optimization for Engineering Design-Algorithms and Examples”,
Prentice Hall India- 1998.
Term work:
The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory
performance of laboratory work and minimum passing in the term work.
Theory Examination: