Introduction VOLLEYBALL

Volleyball is played by two teams in a rectangular

court, divided into two equal halves across the
length by a net tightly stretched between two poles PRESENTED TO THE SUBJECT
fixed at either sides of the court. It is one of most PHYSICAL EDUCATION
popular games and is today widely played across
the world. This will provide you with a bird’s-eye- In Partial Fulfillment of the
view of this popular game and its rules. Course Requirement
For the Degree of Bachelor Science in
Volleyball is widely played across the world and Computer Science
various tournaments are conducted in many College Of BSCS
countries. People like to watch and play this game. Kolehiyo Ng Subic, Zambalez 2200
This tutorial is meant for all those readers who
want to learn how to play volleyball.
GROUP # 1
Objective Researchers:
The objective of the game is to try to make the ball Hydee Gumera Y.
Joseph Ladringan B.
touch the ground on the opponent side. When the
Rose Ann Tripoli
ball is hit by a team, the members of other team hit Claro LadaoJr.
it with their hands to prevent it from touching the Angela Marie Rodas
ground and to send it to another teammate or to
Bart Javillonar
the other side of the court across the net. Only
RESEARCH MENTOR
three players from the team can strike the ball 12:00Pm-2:00Pm/ Saturday
successively before they send it to the other team. TIME & DATE

Volleyball allows players to pass the ball among

teammates like basketball, but the strategies of
defending and attacking are similar to other net or
racquet games. Players try to shoot the ball over
the net at the opponent side where it is tough for
the opponents to volley it. The players of both
teams have to prevent ball touching the ground
thus preventing the opponent to gain points.

Team Size
Volleyball is played among two teams of six players
each. A team may also have six more substitute

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players. One of the players is team captain and one of them is Libero. Players are positioned in
two rows of three players each. The Libero is identified with a dress different from other team
members. He is a specialist in defending and cannot serve or move to the front court. The team
captain along with the coach is responsible for maintaining discipline in the team. The team
captain also represents the team and speaks about their team members concerns. During
competition, each team has a coach, one or two assistant coaches, a physiotherapist and a
doctor. These members sit along with substitute players on their team bench outside free zone.

Table of Content

Volleyball
 Overview
 History

Playing Environment
 Court Design
 Equipment

Common Terms and Rules

 How to play
 Rules
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Facts
Summary
Conclusion

Volleyball

Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each
team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized
rules. It has been a part of the official program of the Summer Olympic Games since
Tokyo 1964

History

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It was invented by William G. Morgan, a physical director of the YMCA club. He wanted
to invent a not-so-strenuous indoor game that businessmen in the club can play. Players
strike the ball and it volleys among the players, so it was later named Volleyball by a
professor from Springfield College in Massachusetts.
Volleyball originated in the United States at a YMCA club in Holyoke in 1895 as
Mintonette.
Volleyball quickly gained popularity among various YMCA branches in the States and it
was subsequently spread to other parts of the world during the World War I by the
American troops. Since, it is not a very vigorous sport, women also took interest in the
sport and started playing Volleyball.

Playing Environment

Court Design:

A standard international volleyball court is an indoor, rectangular in shape whose sides

are 18 meters and the ends are 9 meters. The surface of the court is neither slippery nor
rough, to avoid injuries. International courts have wooden or synthetic flooring.
The court is divided into two similar squares of 9 X 9 meters by a center line, one for
each team. The court is further divided into the following zones:
 Free zone – The playing surface is surrounded by a free zone up to 3 meters on
all sides. The free zone in international courts is 5 m from the longer sides and 8
meter from the shorter sides.

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  Front zone – The front zone in each half extends from the center line to the
attack line. It is drawn 3 meters away from the center line on both sides of the
court.
 Service zone – This zone is used for servicing the ball to the opponent court
behind the end lines and has a width of 9 metres. The player has to be in the
service zone while jumping or serving.
 Substitution zone – The substitution zone lies between the scorer’s table and the
attack line.
 Libero replacement zone – The Libero replacement zone is a part of the free
zone beside team benches and between the extended attack line and the end
line.

Equipment
Volleyball is a simple game which doesn’t require any equipment other than a ball, a net and a
flat court. Even two players can play and have fun with volleyball.

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Net
Net is one meter long and 9.5 to 10 meter wide. It is tied vertically above the center line of the
court to posts fixed at either sides of the court, at a distance of one meter from the sidelines.
The center of the net should lie 2.43 meter above the ground for men and 2.24 meter for
women. At the sides the net may be higher by a maximum of 2cm, however it should be tied at
the same height at both the posts. The court width is marked on the net with a tape and a
flexible antennae of one meter extends from the tape marker on both sides of the net. These
markings help the referee determine when the ball goes outside the court.

Ball
Volley ball a spherical ball of 65-67 cm circumference. It is made of leather or any synthetic
material and weighs 260-280 g. Volleyballs are available in various colors, however for
international tournaments, FIVB approved balls should only be used.

Other Equipment Players of a team are uniformly dressed in jerseys, shorts, socks and sport
shoes. Jerseys of each team has a different color.

Common Terms and Rules

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  Rally – A ball is serviced by a player and players of both teams hit it till a foul is
committed or ball falls on the ground. This period, from the point it is put to service till it
halts is called a rally. It is a complete rally if one of the teams scores a point.
 Service – Players hit the ball with their fist, wrist, or arm, from the service zone and it
has to move above the net to the other teams play zone.
 Warm up sessions – Players can get used to the environment and practice in a short six
to ten minute warm up sessions before the actual game begins.
 Attack hit – The hit that sends the ball to the opponent side.
 Positional Fault – Players are numbered in anti-clockwise starting from the player in
extreme right position in the back row. So, players in the front row are numbered 4, 3
and 2 and players in the back row are numbered 5, 6 and 1 from left to right. They
should lie in the same positions declared before beginning a set, when ball is served,
else they earn a fault. However, after the service they may move within their court.
 Rotational Fault – If a receiving team earns a chance to serve, its players change
positions and move clockwise, i.e. player in 1st position moves to 6th , player in 2nd
position moves to 1st, etc. Not changing positions according to this order leads to a
fault. An exception to this rule is the Libero who cannot serve or enter the front court.
 Four Hit Foul--Three players in the receiving team may hit the ball consecutively and the
fourth hit should deliver the ball to the other side, failing so will earn them a four hit
fault.
 Double Contact --Players should hit the ball to a teammate or to the other team.
Simultaneous hitting leads to a fault.
 Assisted Hit – Players shouldn’t receive help from their teammates or any other objects
like posts to hit the ball.
 Serving Fault – Players should serve according to the serving order. They should hit the
ball according to the rules and when instructed. Not complying with these rules leads to
a serving fault.
 Double fault – If opponents commit faults successively, they have to play the rally again.
This scenario is called a Double Fault.
 Blocking – Players near the net may jump and hit the ball near the net after an attack
hit. Sometimes the ball doesn’t even completely cross the net. This action is referred to
as blocking.
 Crossing space – The gap or space between the antennae and above the net is termed
as Crossing Space. This space can also extend to the roofs inside the indoor courts. The
ball should cross the net only through the crossing space.

How to Moves

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One player is positioned extreme right in the back line of the team that should serve as per the
toss, puts the ball into play with a service. If it reaches the opponents side, various members of
the team hit the ball three times successively. In case of a service fault, the other team gets a
chance to serve

Both the teams participate in a warm-up session of six to ten minutes. All the players should be
ready and should comply with the rules and obey the decisions of the referee. Substitute
players should also be ready and should join the team when the referee allows them. The other
non-playing team members and substitute players take their positions in the team bench. The
match starts with the referee tossing a coin in the presence of team captains of both the teams.
The team that wins the toss chooses between serving the ball and in receiving the service. It
also chooses which side of the court it will play.

After the service, the ball should cross the net and reach the receivers side with in the court
play zone, without touching any player of the serving team. The fourth hit from a team should
be an attack hit and the ball should be sent back to the serving team side. The ball moves
among players till it is grounded or till one of the players commits a fault. If a team makes a
fault, the opponent team wins a point and gets a chance to serve. If the team servicing the ball
grounds in the opponent side, it wins a point and the same player serves again. If the other
team wins a point and the ball is grounded on the servicing team side, the opponent team gets
a point and a chance to serve again. Players of the receiving team should rotate in the specified
order before serving the ball. A toss determines which team should serve first in the fifth
deciding set.

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Winning Match
Each match is divided into five sets. A team that wins three sets wins the match. A team wins a
set if it scores 25 points and leads the other team by at least 2 points. If the lead is less than
two points, both the teams continue playing till a wider lead is achieved. If both the teams won
two matches each, then the team that wins fifteen points and leads the other team by at least
two points in the fifth deciding set wins the match.

Rules
Rules that are to be followed while playing volleyball:

 When the ball is in play, it shouldn’t cross the side lines and end lines. At the net the ball
should stay between the antennae.

 Players are not prevented from hitting the ball at the same time. But, when two played hit it,
they have made two hits.

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 Two players from opposing teams may hit the ball at the same time, but if the ball goes out of
the court, then the team at the other side of the court is awarded a fault.

 Players shouldn’t cross the center line while the ball is in play. Sometimes their hands may
reach the opponents court while trying to block a ball, but their feet shouldn’t be placed in the
opponent area and they should never interfere with the opponents hits.

 They shouldn’t touch the net in such a way that it obstructs the game or interferes with the
opponents play. However, the ball may touch the net or get struck in it. It can be hit back and
brought into play.

 No player should obstruct opponents from hitting the ball or moving.

 After the referee whistles and instructs for a service, the player should serve the ball within 8
seconds.

 The front-row players should deliver an attack hit only from their playing space.

 A back-row player should deliver an attack hit only away from the front zone, but may reach
the front zone after the hit. But, if the ball is too low, lower than the top of the net, he/she may
deliver an attack hit by moving to the front zone.

 A receiving team shouldn’t deliver an attack hit from the front zone when the ball is still
higher than the top of the net.

 The Libero or any player from the back row should not block the ball.

 The Libero cannot serve or block the ball.

 A ball shouldn’t be blocked just after a service.

 Players shouldn’t catch the ball and throw it. They should only hit the ball.

Facts and Conclusion

Volleyball is a game that can be played competitively or recreationally. It is important to have

basic skills down for as many activities as possible if you ever come across an instance where
they would become handy. The volleyball serve is one of those.

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Summary
Volleyball is a popular game worldwide and ranks third as a recreational team sport. It is one of
the few popular games that originated from the United States. The object of the game is to
keep the ball in flight, going back and forth over the net without it touching the floor.
Volleyball, apart from the interest and excitement it steers up among players and spectators,
offers opportunity for exercising the whole body. It involves five basic skills that must be
mastered before competitive games could be played meaningfully. These skills are, the serve,
the reception or digging', the 'setup' or volley for a spike and the spiking. There is also the
'block'. These skills are not developed overnight but with training practice with the ball. The
players also need proper physical, physiological and psychological qualities like flexibility, cardio
respiratory endurance, self confidence, sports achievement motivation and so on.

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