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Camber:, Is Measured at 28 Days. Change of Strength

This document discusses the forward cantilever construction method where each new segment of a structure is cast from previous segments that must withstand the construction loads. As the cantilever increases, deformations increase substantially requiring corrective measures during construction. Cambering, or applying correction displacements, is used to compensate for structural deformations and preserve the design profile.

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abdul khader
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91 views2 pages

Camber:, Is Measured at 28 Days. Change of Strength

This document discusses the forward cantilever construction method where each new segment of a structure is cast from previous segments that must withstand the construction loads. As the cantilever increases, deformations increase substantially requiring corrective measures during construction. Cambering, or applying correction displacements, is used to compensate for structural deformations and preserve the design profile.

Uploaded by

abdul khader
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 This is the case of structures built using the forward cantilever method.

In this construction
method, the structure is built in successive segments. Each new segment is cast from the
previous ones, which must therefore withstand the corresponding construction loads. When
the cantilever increases, deformations increase substantially making corrective measures
necessary during the construction phase. The use of camber is a procedure whereby
correction displacements are applied to compensate for the structure deformations in order
to preserve the design profile.

Camber

The value of the camber is equal to total displacements due to dead loads

Material properties

Modulus of elasticity

The modulus of elasticity is directly influenced by material strength and, therefore, factors
that modify strength also affect it. Although not directly proportional, the modulus of
elasticity increases with strength. An increase of strength over time affects the modulus of
elasticity. 

Characteristic compressive strength

The characteristic compressive strength, fck , is measured at 28 days. Change of strength


with time may be computed by Equation (6):

Where fcm(t) = concrete compressive strength at an age of t days; β  CC(t) = given by


Equation (5); fcm = fcm=fck+Δf βCC (t).

Time-dependent effects

Creep:

Creep is the continuous increase of deformations due to a constantly applied stress 

Shrinkage:

Shrinkage is the decrease in concrete volume during the hardening process due to loss of
pore water. Development of shrinkage may result in cracking and increase of deleterious
stresses.
Shrinkage strains, ε  CS(t,tS), may be computed by Equation (14):

where ε  CS0 is the theoretical shrinkage coefficient, computed by ε  CS0 =ε  S (fcm) β  RH , with
additional terms given by Equations (15) e (16):

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