J. Kim. Terap. Indones.

e-ISSN: 2527–7669
Vol. 19, No. 1, June 2017

Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia

Indonesian Journal of Applied Chemistry

EDITORIAL BOARD
HONORARY COUNCIL
1. Chairman of Indonesian Institute of Sciences
2. Deputy for Engineering Sciences, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

ADVISOR
Director of Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Editor-in-Chief
Prof. Dr. Silvester Tursiloadi

Editors
1. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Hanafi (Research 7. Dr. Ir. Anny Sulaswatty (Research
Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Center for Chemistry, Indonesian
Institute of Science) Institute of Science)
2. Prof. Dr. Yanni Sudiyani (Research 8. Dr. Ir. Nina Artanti (Research Center for
Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of
Institute of Science) Science)
3. Prof. Nico Voelcker (University of 9. Dipl. Ing. Haznan Abimanyu, PhD.
South Australia, Australia) (Research Center for Chemistry,
4. Prof. Volkan Deqirmenci (University of Indonesian Institute of Science)
Warwick, United Kingdom) 10. Dr. Ir. Rosi Ketrin Katarina (Research
5. Prof. Swapandeep Singh Chimni (Guru Center for Chemistry, Indonesian
Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India) Institute of Science)
6. Dr. Oaki yuya (Keio University, Japan)

Reviewers
1. Prof. Dr. Shogo Shimadzu (Chiba 9. Prof. Dr. Ratno Nuryadi (Center of
University, Japan) Materials Technologi)
2. Prof. David Lennon (University of 10. Prof. Dr. Karna Wijaya (Gadjah Mada
Glasglow, United Kingdom) University)
3. Prof. Holqer Schonherr (University of 11. Prof. Dr. Mudasir (Gadjah Mada
Siegen, Germany) University)
4. Prof. Dr. Arif Budiman (Gadjah mada 12. Prof. Dr. Ir. A. Roesyadi (Sepuluh
University, Indonesia) November Institute of Technology,
5. Prof. Dr. Subyakto (Research Center for Indonesia)
Biomaterials) 13. Prof. Dr. Retno Muwarni, M.Sc.
6. Prof. Dr. Rizal Damanik, M.Rep.Sc, M.App.Sc (Diponegoro University,
Ph.D (Bogor Agriculture Institute, Indonesia)
Indonesia) 14. Prof. Dr. Didik Prasetyoko (Sepuluh
7. Prof. Dr. Unang Supratman (Padjajaran November Institute of Technology,
University, Indonesia) Indonesia)
8. Prof. Dr. A. Herman Yuwono. M. Phil.
Eng. (University of Indonesia).

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15. Prof. Dr. Ir. Tarjan Sembiring 24. Dr. Heddy Julistiono (Research Center
(Development Unit for Clean for Biology, Indonesian Institute of
Technology-LIPI, Indonesia) Science)
16. Prof. Dr. Myrtha Karina (Development 25. Dr. Hayun (University of Indonesia,
Unit for Clean Technology-LIPI, Indonesia)
Indonesia) 26. Dr. Oman Zuas (Research Center for
17. Dr. Dong Jin Suh (Korean Institute of Metrology, Indonesian Institute of
Science Technology, South Korea) Science)
18. Dr. Yuni Krisyuningsih Krisnandi 27. Dr. Ade Arsianti (University of
(University of Indonesia, Indonesia) Indonesia, Indonesia)
19. Dr. Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi ( Indonesian of 28. Dr. Ir. Rer. Nat. Neni Sintawardani
University, Indonesia) (Development Unit for CleanTecnology,
20. Dr. M. Abdulkadir Martoprawiro Indonesian Institute of Sciences)
(Bandung Institute of Technology, 29. Dr.- Ing. MA. Khaliq (Center for
Indonesia) Environmental Technology BPPT,
21. Dr. Ir. Syahrul Aiman (Research Center Indonesia)
for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of 30. Dr. Rurini Retnowati, M.Si (Brawidjaya
Science) University, Indonesia)
22. Dr. Edi Iswanto Wiloso (Research 31. Dr. Indri Badria Adilina (Research
Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Center for Chemistry, Indonesian
Institute of Science) Institute of Sciences)
23. Dr. Andria Agusta (Research Center for 32. Khoirun Nisa, PhD. (Research Unit for
Biology, Indonesian Institute of Science) Natural Material Technology, Indonesia)

Managing Editor-in-chief
Arief Ameir Rahman Setiawan, M.Eng

Managing Editors
1. Heri Kresnadi, M.Eng 6. Ir. Suhermanto
2. Sujarwo, S.Si. 7. Teuku Beuna Bardant, M.Sc.
3. Fauzan Aulia, S.T. 8. Annisa Dieni Lestari, S.Ds.
4. Eni Suryani, S.P. 9. Nandang Sutiana, A.Md.
5. Gian Primahana, M.Si.

Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia

Indonesian Journal of Applied Chemistry
Published by Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Secretariat:
P2 Kimia LIPI, Gd.452 Building, 1st Floor
Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia,
Postal Code: 15314 Telp +62 21 7560929, Fax +62 21 7560549
Homepages: http://inajac.lipi.go.id, Email: inajac@mail.lipi.go.id
e-ISSN: 2527-7669

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J. Kim. Terap. Indones. e-ISSN: 2527–7669
Vol. 19, No. 1, June 2017

Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia

Indonesian Journal of Applied Chemistry

PREFACE
Preface Greetings to all of honorary Indonesian Journal of Applied Chemistry (J. Kim. Terap.
Indones.) readers!
Deepest gratitude from all of us should be conveyed sincerely to Allah The Highest and Most
Merciful whom allowed and blessed the publishing of Indonesian Journal of Applied Chemistry
(J. Kim. Terap. Indones.) Volume 19 No.1 Juni 2017. Whom also allowed and blessed this
journal to reach all of readers hands, through a systemic supervision by our respectful reviewers.
Indonesian Journal of Applied Chemistry (J. Kim. Terap. Indones.) is a product of our
continuous improvements from the originally called Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia (JKTI). In a
way to transform into International Journal, several quality improvements had been conducted
including (i) all articles were written in English, (ii) close involvement of International
reviewers, (iii) adopting Open Access Journal System in submitting, reviewing and publishing
articles, (iv) using compact article template and (v) having a registered e-ISSN to accommodate
reaccreditation and global indexing process.
In this edition, several astonishing articles from well-known Indonesian Institutions were served.
They are: (i) Effect of Combining Electron Beam Irradiation and Alkaline Pretreatments of
OPEFB for Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation of Ethanol, (ii) Isolation and Structure
Determination of antiocsidans Active Compounds from Ethyl Acetate Extract of Heartwood
Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.), (iii) Evaluation of Uncertainty in the Determination of
Pesticide Residues in Tea using GC-ECD, (iv) Preparation of Alkyl Halide as Intermediate
Compound in Synthesis Cationic Surfactant Alkyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride, (v) Synthesis
and cytotoxicity assay using Brine Shript Lethality Test of Cinchonidine Isobutyrate Ester, (vi)
The Influence of Poly(Lactic Acid) Addition to the Thermal Properties of the Blend Product with
Polypropylene for Food Packaging Materials.
By this letter, editors would be honored to express our gratitude and appreciation to all reviewers
for all of their hard work and kind cooperation in reviewing and improving the quality of articles
in this journal. And for sure, to all authors in this journal, your trust and willingness in
publishing your articles in this journal are highly appreciated.
As the closing remarks, editors always invite all researcher to publish their articles in Indonesian
Journal of Chemistry (J. Kim. Terap. Indones.) in order to spread out their findings and
knowledge in applied chemistry related field. To be heard and known by all researcher around
the world in the same field. Article manuscripts can be submitted from our official website
http://kimia.lipi.go.id/inajac/index.php
Your critics and suggestions were very welcome in the way to support our continuous
improvement efforts. Our biggest wish is this journal will convey benefits to all honored readers
and contribute to chemistry knowledge. Have a good read!

Serpong, 30 Juni 2017

Editor in Chief

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Indonesian Journal of Applied Chemistry

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title Page
Effect of Combining Electron Beam Irradiation and Alkaline Pretreatments of 1-10
OPEFB for Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation of Ethanol

Deliana Dahnum,Vera Barlianti, Kiky C. Sembiring, Anis Kristiani, Muryanto Muryanto,

and Yanni Sudiyani

Isolation and Structure Determination of Antioxidants Active Compounds from 11-17

Ethyl Acetate Extract of Heartwood Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.)

Dede Sukandar, Siti Nurbayti, Tarso Rudiana,and Tsalats Wahyul Husna

Evaluation of Uncertainty in the Determination of Pesticide Residues in Tea using 18-24

GC-ECD

Yohanes Susanto Ridwan, Andreas, Dyah Styarini, and Retno Yusiasih

Preparation of Alkyl Halide as Intermediate Compound in Synthesis Cationic 25-28

Surfactant Alkyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride

Asdani Muatika Sari, Ani Suryani, Puspa Dewi Lotulung, and Silvester Tursiloadi

Synthesis and cytotoxicity assay using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test of 29-35
Cinchonidine Isobutyrate Ester

Mario, Puspa D.N.Lotulung, Gian Primahana, Sylvia Rizky Prima and M. Hanafi

The Influence of Poly(Lactic Acid) Addition to Thermal Properties of the Blended 36-41
Polypropylenefor Food Packaging Materials

Achmad Hanafi, Sanjaya , and Fauzan Aulia

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ABSTRACT

Effect of Combining Electron Beam Irradiation and Alkaline Pretreatments of

OPEFB for Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation of Ethanol

Deliana Dahnum1,Vera Barlianti1, Kiky C. Sembiring1, Anis Kristiani1, Muryanto Muryanto1, and
Yanni Sudiyani1*
1
Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)
Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan,15314, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: sudiyani@gmail.com

J. Kim. Terap. Indones. Abstract

Vol. 19, No. 1, June 2017, The effect of pretreatment process from the combination of electron
beam irradiation and alkaline to Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch
pages: 1-10 (OPEFB) was studied. The combination of pretreatment method was
considered as an alternative way to increase glucose yield. In this
study, OPEFB was pretreated using Electron Beam Irradiation (EBI) at
100 kGy and 300 kGy and followed by chemical pretreatment. In
chemical pretreatment, irradiated OPEFB was reacted with sodium
hydroxide 6% and 10% in stirred vessel at 4 bars and 150 oC for 30
min. The effectiveness of pretreatment was evaluated by calculating
the composition of chemical component using National Renewable
Energy Laboratory (NREL) Method. The samples which were
hydrolyzed using enzymes with the addition of 30 FPU of
Cellic®CTec2 per gram of pretreated biomass resulted high glucose in
Keywords: the amount of 9.86%. The fermentation process using Saccharomyces
cereviceae obtained the highest ethanol concentration for 5.36% at
electron beam, irradiation, alkaline 72h. The combination of the two pretreatment methods gave an effect
pretreatment, empty fruit bunch, on the weight loss, chemical composition, structure, and enzymatic
bioethanol. hydrolysis product.
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Isolation and Structure Determination of Antioxidants Active Compounds

from Ethyl Acetate Extract of Heartwood Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.)

Dede Sukandar1*, Siti Nurbayti1, Tarso Rudiana1, and Tsalats Wahyul Husna1
1
Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology
Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta,
Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No. 95 Ciputat 15412 Indonesia, Phone (021) 7401925
*Corresponding author: sukandarkimia@uinjkt.ac.id

J. Kim. Terap. Indones. Abstract

Vol. 19, No. 1, June 2017, Active compounds with antioxidant activity were isolated from
ethyl acetate extract of namnam stem (C. cauliflora L.) that had
pages: 11-17 undergone maceration and fractionation by gravity column
chromatography. The compounds were later identified by by using
UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, FTIR, LCMS and 1H-NMR. Ethyl
acetate extract of namnam stem showed considerably high
antioxidant activity (IC50 value 4.68 ± 0.035 ppm). The results of
analysis by UV-Vis and FTIR showed carbonyl group conjugated
with an aromatic ring at band I (λmax 330.22 nm), chromophore
group of alkene (C=C) at band II (λ max 268.67 nm) and functional
groups such as O−H (3343.91 cm-1), C=O (1729.23 cm-1), C=C
(1652.64 and 1611.99 cm-1), C−O (1269.89) and C−H ortho (738.23
cm-1). LCMS (m/z 270.9246) and 1H-NMR data showed seven
proton signals on the aromatic ring at carbon position C-3 at δH 6.86
ppm (1H, s), C-6 at δH 5.95 ppm (1H, d, J=1.95 Hz), C-8 at δH 6.25
ppm (1H, d, J= 1.95 Hz), C-2’ and C-6’ at δH 7.03 ppm (2H, d,
Keywords: J=7.87 Hz), C-3’ and C-5’ at δH 6.87 ppm (2H, d, J= 7.87 Hz) so
that the structure was identified as a flavonoid which was 4 ', 5,7-
Antioxidant, apigenin, DPPH,
trihydroxy-flavones or known as apigenin. The isolated apigenin
namnam (Cynometra cauliflora
had very strong antioxidant activity, as shown by IC50 value of 5.18
L.), phenolic
± 0.014 ppm.
© 2017 Indonesian Journal of Applied Chemistry. All rights reserved

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Evaluation of Uncertainty in the Determination of

Pesticide Residues in Tea using GC-ECD

Yohanes Susanto Ridwan1*, Andreas2, Dyah Styarini2, and Retno Yusiasih1

1
Research Unit for Clean Technology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Komplek LIPI, Jl. Cisitu-Sangkuriang, Bandung, Indonesia, 40135
2
Research Center for Chemistry- Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Kawasan PUSPITEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, Indonesia, 15314
*Corresponding author: yoha004@lipi.go.id

J. Kim. Terap. Indones. Abstract

Vol. 19, No. 1, June 2017, Cationic surfactant alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was
synthesized by quartenerisation of tertiary amines. Materials
pages: 18-24 used in quartenerization are tertiary amine and alkyl halide.
Alkyl halide is a hydrocarbon derivative in which one or more
hydrogen is replaced with halogen. In this research, thionyl
chloride is used as a reactant . Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is
often used because it is easier to make, the yield is greater and
byproducts are volatile. Alkyl halide is synthesized from the
Keywords: reaction of hexadecyl alcohol with thionyl chloride (SOCl2) at
uncertainty, pesticide, α- a temperature of 80 ° C for 24 hours in a reflux reactor. This
endosulfan, bifenthrin, study managed to get hexadecyl chloride from the reaction
cypermethrin hexadecyl alcohol and thionyl chloride. It can be seen from the
results of FTIR, LC/MS and GC/MS.

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Preparation of Alkyl Halide as Intermediate Compound in Synthesis Cationic

Surfactant Alkyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride

Asdani Muatika Sari1*, Ani Suryani1, Puspa Dewi Lotulung2, and Silvester Tursiloadi2
1
Surfactant and Bioenergy Research Center, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Raya Pajajaran no.1, Bogor, Indonesia
2
Research Center for Chemistry - Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Kawasan PUSPITEK Serpong, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: muatikasari@gmail.com

J. Kim. Terap. Indones. Abstract

Vol. 19, No. 1, June 2017, Cationic surfactant alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was
synthesized by quartenerisation of tertiary amines. Materials used in
pages: 25-28 quartenerization are tertiary amine and alkyl halide. Alkyl halide is
a hydrocarbon derivative in which one or more hydrogen is replaced
with halogen. In this research, thionyl chloride is used as a reactant .
Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is often used because it is easier to make,
the yield is greater and byproducts are volatile. Alkyl halide is
synthesized from the reaction of hexadecyl alcohol with thionyl
Keywords: chloride (SOCl2) at a temperature of 80 ° C for 24 hours in a reflux
reactor. This study managed to get hexadecyl chloride from the
Alkyl halide, reflux, thionyl chloride reaction hexadecyl alcohol and thionyl chloride. It can be seen from
the results of FTIR, LC/MS and GC/MS.

© 2017 Indonesian Journal of Applied Chemistry. All rights reserved

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Synthesis and cytotoxicity assay using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test of

Cinchonidine Isobutyrate Ester

Mario1*, Puspa D.N.Lotulung2, Gian Primahana2, Sylvia Rizky Prima1 and Muhammad Hanafi2
1
Faculty of Pharmacy, Univesity of 17 Agustus 1945, North Jakarta, Indonesia
2
Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Kawasan Puspiptek, Serpong, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: marioshine0412@gmail.com

J. Kim. Terap. Indones. Abstract

Vol. 19, No. 1, June 2017, This research was aimed to synthesize cinchonidine isobutyrate
ester and conduct a preliminary assay for anticancer agent using
pages: 29-35 cytotoxicity assay to Artemia salina Leach larva, or also known as
brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). Cinchonidine, a compound that
has quinoline rings and quiniclidine ring, is a quinine analogue and
stereoisomer of cinchonine. Cinchonidine is predicted to have
anticancer activity. Synthesized ester was aimed to gain higher
lipophilicity. Higher lipophilicity makes it easier for the compund to
pass through cell membrane. The esterification process used DMAP
as a catalyst, DCC as an activator, and isobutyric acid as a
carboxilyc acid. Isobutyric acid is a type of short chained fatty acid
that usually acts as an anticancer prodrugs. The product is identified
by ESI-MS, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, dan 13C-NMR. Ester cinchonidine
isobutyrate is gelatinous and colourless with yield of 21,77%. BSLT
Keywords: result showed that cinchonidine isobutyrate ester had LC50 value of
75.16 ppm which was more toxic than cinchonidine that had LC 50
Cinchonidine isobutyrate, ester,
value of 99.2 ppm. It was proved that higher lipophilicity could
Cinchonidine, BSLT, Anticancer.
increase pharmacology activity.

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The Influence of Poly(Lactic Acid) Addition to Thermal Properties of the

Blended Polypropylene for Food Packaging Materials

Achmad Hanafi1,3*, Sanjaya2, Fauzan Aulia1

1
Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Research Center for Chemistry – LIPI, Serpong,Banten, Indonesia
2
Science and Letter Faculty, Istambul Technical University, Turkey
3
Faculty of Engineering, Pamulang University, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: achmad.hanafi@gmail.com

J. Kim. Terap. Indones. Abstract

Vol. 19, No. 1, June 2017, The commonly used food packaging materials are made from
synthetic polymers derived from petroleum. However, the use of
pages: 36-41 synthetic polymers has negative impacts on the environment,
because it is difficult to degrade naturally either by the biotic or
abiotic process. Although their complete replacement with eco-
friendly packaging films is just impossible to achieve
economically, at least for a specific application like food
packaging the use of bioplastics should be the future. One of the
alternatives is to blend synthetic polymer for instance
polypropylene (PP) with a natural polymer like poly-lactic acid
(PLA). Because their mixture is an immiscible blend because
they have highly different polarity, it is necessary to add a
compatibilizer such as polypropylene-grafted maleic anhydride
(PP-g-MAH) in order to increase the properties of its blend
miscibility. The objective of this research was to study the
Keywords: influence of PLA addition to the thermal properties of their blend
product with PP. The combinations of PP with PLA in the ratios
Thermal properties, TG, DSC, of (80:20); (90:10); (95:5) were prepared and then characterized
Food-packaging, materials, for their thermal property behaviour by means of TG and DSC.
PP/PLA. The results showed that increasing the amount of PLA will
decrease their enthalpy significantly.

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