Design of beam

Effective Span "L" = 7.5 m

Uniformaly distributed load "W" = 19.4 KN/m

Maximum Factored Bending Moment "M" = (1.5 WL2)/8

M = ( 1.5 x 19.4 x 7.5 x 7.5 ) / 8 = 204.61 KN/m

Maximum Factored Shear Force "V" = (1.5 WL)/2

V = ( 1.5 x 19.4 x 7.5 ) / 2 = 109.10 KN

Yield strength of material "fy" = 250 Mpa

Design bending strength, "f bd" = 250 / 1.1
= 227.27
Design Shear Strength
250 / Ö3 x 1.1 = 131.22 N/mm2

Design for Bending

Plastic section modulus, Zp required
Zp = M gmo / bb fy

gmo = 1.1 (Partial safety factor for material on yielding)

bb = 1 ( for Plastic and compact section )
Zp = ( 204.61 x 1000000 x ) / 1 x 250 = 900284 mm3
= 900.28 cm3
Section used
ISLB 400
H = 400 mm tw = 8 mm
bf = 165 mm Izz = 19306.3 cm4
Tf = 12.5 mm Zp = 1099.5 cm3
h2 = 31.9 mm
Distance from extreme fiber to root of fillet, h2 = 31.9 mm
e = Ö( (250250/ / fy ) = = 1
bf / tf = 82.5 / 12.5 = 6.6
6.6 < 9.4 e (as per IS 800:2007 Clause 3.7.2 and 3.7.4)
bf / tf should be less then 9.4 e so section is ok
d /tw = ( 400 - 31.9 x 2 ) / 8 = 42.03
42.03 < 84 e (as per IS 800:2007 Clause 3.7.2 and 3.7.4)
d /tw should be less then 84 e so section is ok

Check for Shear

Depth of section "H" = 400 mm
Theckness of web "tw" = 8 mm
Area "Av" = 3200 mm2
Shear stress induced, fs = 109100 / 3200 = 34.094 N/mm2
34.09 < 131.22 Hence Ok

[FILE : 489871887.xlsx, Sheet name : beam laterally supported, Page no. :1 of 6]

Check for diflection
Maximum difflection Δ = K WL3/EI
"W" total load on the span
"L" span length
"E" young modulus of elasticity = 2.0 x 105 N/mm2 = 200 KN
"I" Moment of inertia = 19306.30 cm4
"K" coefficient depending upon distrubution of loading on the beam and condition of beam

" K " for Simply supported span = 5/384 = 0.0130

W = 19.4 x 7.5 = 145.5 KN
" L " span = 7500 mm
145.5 x 7500 3
Maximum difflection Δ = 0.0130 x( )
200 x 19306.30 x 104

= 0.0130 x ( 6.14E+13 )
3.86E+10
= 0.0130 x 1589.71 = 20.70 mm
Allowable Difflection i.e. Span / 300, 7500 / 300 = 25.00 mm
so 20.7 < 25.0 Hence OK

[FILE : 489871887.xlsx, Sheet name : beam laterally supported, Page no. :2 of 6]

Maximum difflection Δ = K WL3/EI
"W" total load on the span
"L" span length
"E" young modulus of elasticity
"I" Moment of inertia
"K" coefficient depending upon distrubution of loading on the beam and
condition of beam
Value of K for different condition
UDL of simply supported span = 5/384
one concentrated load at center of simply supported span = 1/48
Two con. Load at eq. spacing of simply supported span = 23/648
Three con. Load at eq. spacing of simply supported span = 19/384

Allowable difflection
IS 800:2007 Table-6 page no. 31
Simple span (brittle cladding) = SPAN / 300
Cantilever Span (brittle cladding) = SPAN / 150

Cofficent of bending moment = ab/L 2

W= 5
a = 0.5 m a= 0.5 b= 0.6
b = 0.6 m
L = 1.1 m
W = 5t L= 1.1
always b > a
a a2 3/2
{ 1 - }
9 Ö3 L L2
3/2
0.5 { 1 - 0.25 }
17.15 1.21
3/2
0.029 ( 1 - 0.207 )
0.029 ( 0.793 ) 1.5
0.029 x 0.793 ^ 1.5
0.029 x 0.70669
= 0.021

[FILE : 489871887.xlsx, Sheet name : beam laterally supported, Page no. :3 of 6]

DESIGN BENDING OF
LATERALLY UN-SUPPORTED BEAM

Determine the design Bending strength of laterally unsupported beam

ISMB300 section of span 5m supported laterally only at the ends and
subjected to uniform bending moment over the entire length.

Section Properties:
y
tf

tw
z d D z
r1

b
bf

Depth of section (D = h) = 300 mm

Width of flange (bf) = 140 mm
Thickness of flange (tf) = 12.4 mm
Thickness of web (tw) = 7.5 mm
Radius at root (r1) = 14 mm
Plastic Moudulus (Zp) = 651.74 cm3
Section Moudulus (Ze) = 573.6 cm3
Yield stress (fy) = 250 Mpa
e = Ö ( 250 / fy ) = 1

Flange : b = bf / 2 = 140 / 2 = 70 mm
b / tf = 70 / 12.4 = 5.645 < 9.4 (Plastic section)
Web : d= D – 2 × tf –2×r1
= 300 - 2 x 12.4 - 2 x 14 = 247.2 mm
d / tw = 247.2 / 7.5 = 32.96 < 84 (Plastic section)

\Section is classified as Plastic.

Elastic lateral buckling moment (Mcr):

tf /tw = 12.4 / 7.5 = 1.650 < 2.0
E = Modulus of elasticity = 2 x 10 5
N/mm2
G = Modulus of regidity = 0.769 ×105 N/mm2 i.e. E / [ 2(1+µ)]
µ = Poisson ratio = 0.3
Iy= Moment of inertia about the weak axis = 453.9 x 104 mm4
hf = Center to center distance between the flanges = 300 - 12.4 = 287.6 mm
KL = Effective laterally unsupported length of the member = 5000 mm
ry = Radius of gyration of the section about the weak axis = 28.4 mm
3
It = Torsion constant = b it
 i
(for open cross section, clause 8.2.2.1)
3

= ( 2 x 140 x 12.4^3 ) / 3 + (( 300 - 2 x 12.4 ) 7.5^3 )) / 3 = 216651.57333 mm

Iw = Warping constant = 1     f f I y hy2

bf = 0.5 for Symmetric I section
hy = (d - tf ) = 287.6 mm
Iw = ( 1 - 0.5 ) 0.5 x 453.9 x 10^4 x 287.6^2 = 93859439160 mm6

For uniform bending moment case,

 2 EI y   2 EI w  = 92.880 KNm
M cr  GI t  
( KL ) 2  ( KL ) 2 
where
p2 E Iy = 3.141^2 x 2x10^5 x 453.9x10^4 = 8.959627E+12
2
KL = 5000^2 = 25000000
G It = 0.769 x 10^5 x 216651.57 = 16660505989
p E Iw
2
= 3.141^2 x 2x10^5 x 93859439160 = 1.852711E+17

Non dimensional slenderness ratio(λ LT):

βb for Plastic and Compact section = 1.0
= Ze/Zp for Semi-compact section
Zp = Plastic section modulus of the cross section
f y = Yield stress of the material

 bZ p f y
LT 
M cr
= { ( 1.0 x 651.74x10^3 x 250 ) / 92.88 x 10^6 }^0.5
= 1.320 > 0.4
\Lateral buckling governs.

Design bending strength of laterally unsupported beam as

governed by lateral torsional buckling:
αLT = Imperfection factor = 0.21 for rolled steel section
fbd = Design bending compressive stress
χLT = Bending stress reduction factor
γmo = Partial safety factor = 1.1

 LT 
 0.5 1   ( LT  0.2)   LT
2
 = 1.49

 
 1 
   0.5 
 1.0 = 0.459 £ 1.0
LT
 
 LT   LT   LT
2 2
 


f bd   LT fy / mo = 104.3796 N/mm2

M d   b Z p f bd = 68.03 = 6.935 tm

Design bending strength of the laterally unsupported beam = 68.03 kNm