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PRECALCULUS FORMULAS Detailed

This document provides formulas and properties for conic sections including circles, parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas. Circles can be defined using standard or general equations. Parabolas are defined using standard forms with vertex, axis of symmetry, focus, directrix, and latus rectum properties. Ellipses standard forms list properties like foci, vertices, conjugate and transverse axes, and eccentricity. Hyperbolas are defined for both centered at the origin and an arbitrary center, with transverse axis, vertices, conjugate axis, foci, and asymptotes properties given.

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Jessa Mae Dechavez Dumalag
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2K views2 pages

PRECALCULUS FORMULAS Detailed

This document provides formulas and properties for conic sections including circles, parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas. Circles can be defined using standard or general equations. Parabolas are defined using standard forms with vertex, axis of symmetry, focus, directrix, and latus rectum properties. Ellipses standard forms list properties like foci, vertices, conjugate and transverse axes, and eccentricity. Hyperbolas are defined for both centered at the origin and an arbitrary center, with transverse axis, vertices, conjugate axis, foci, and asymptotes properties given.

Uploaded by

Jessa Mae Dechavez Dumalag
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRECALCULUS FORMULAS

CONIC COEFFICIENTS EXAMPLE


CIRCLE A=C 3x + 3y2 + 6x = 6y – 4 = 0
2

PARABOLA A = 0 or C = 0 4y2 – 2x + 8y + 10 = 0
ELLIPSE A and C have the same sign X2 + 3y2 – 4x + 6y – 13 = 0
HYPERBOLA A and C have opposite sign 5x2 – 4y2 – 10x + 16y – 25 = 0

CIRCLE
Standard Equation of the Circle
Center at C(0,0) x2 +y2 = 0
Center at C(h,k) (x – h)2 – (y – k)2 = 0

General Equation of the Circle: (x2 + y2 + Dx+ Ey + F = 0)


Center Radius
−b
h= 2
−E
k= 2 r = √ h2 +k 2 −F

PARABOLA (Ax2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0) Note: Latus Rectum = 4a


Standard Form Vertex A.O.S Focus Directrix Description
2
(y – k) = 4p (x – h) (h, k) x=h (h + p, k) x = h – p If p > 0, opens to the right
2
(y – k) = -4p (x – h) (h, k) x=h (h – p, k) x = h + p If p < 0, opens to the left
2
(x –h) = 4p (y – k) (h, k) y=k (h, k + p) y = k – p If p > 0, opens upward
2
(x –h) = -4p (y – k) (h, k) y=k (h, k – p) y = k + p If p < 0, opens downward

ELLIPSE (Ax2+ Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0)


Standard Form Properties Orientation
2 2
(x−h) (h−k )
+ =1
C (h, k)
a2 b2 V1 (h – a, k); V2 (h + a, k)
CV1(h, k – b);CV2 (h, k + b)
F1 (h – c, k); F2 (h + c, k) Horizontal
Maj. Axis: 2a
Min. Axis: 2b
0<e<1
b2 + c2 = a2, a>b

(x−h)2 (h−k )2 C (h, k)


+ =1
b2 a2 V1 (h, k – a); V2 (h, k + a)
CV1(h – b, k);CV2 (h + b, k)
F1 (h, k - c); F2 (h, k + c) Vertical
Maj. Axis: 2a
Min. Axis: 2b
0<e<1
b2 + c2 = a2, a>b

HYPERBOLA CENTER AT THE ORIGIN


Hyperbola Horizontal Vertical
Center at (0,0)
x2 y 2 y2 x2
− =1 − =1
Hyperbola Equation a2 b2 a2 b 2

Hyperbola Direction Left – Right (Horizontal) Up – Down (Vertical)


Vertices (a) V1 (-a, 0) V1 (0, -a)
V2 (a, 0) V2 (0, a)
Conjugate Axis (b) CA1 (0, -b) CA1 (-b, 0)
CA2 (0, b) CA2 (b, 0)
Foci F1 (-c, 0) F1 (0, -c)
F2 (c, 0) F2 (0, c)
Transverse Axis 2a 2a
Asymptotes Line b a
y−k=± x y−k=± x
a b

HYPERBOLA CENTER AT C(h, k)


Hyperbola Horizontal Vertical
Center at (h, k)

Hyperbola Equation (x−h)2 (h−k )2 ( y−k )2 (x −h)2


− =1 − =1
a2 b2 a2 b2

Hyperbola Direction Left – Right (Horizontal) Up – Down (Vertical)


Vertices (a) V1 (h – a, k) V1 (h, k – a)
V2 (h + a, k) V2 (h, k + a)
Conjugate Axis (b) CA1 (h, k – b) CA1 (h – b, k)
CA2 (h, k + b) CA2 (h + b, k)
Foci F1 (h – c, k) F1 (h, k – c)
F2 (h + c, k) F2 (h, k + c)
Transverse Axis 2a 2a
Asymptotes Line b a
y−k=± ( x−h) y−k=± ( x−h)
a b
When to Use Variable x is added Variable x is subtracted

Pythagorean Theorem Eccentricity


0<e<1
c c 2 = a2 + b2
a a2 +b2
e= = √
c
a a
b

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