Scribd
Upload
1K views5 pages

Summary of SAES-P-111

This standard prescribes requirements for grounding systems and lightning protection systems for Saudi Aramco facilities. It provides guidelines for grounding conductors, electrodes, connections, system grounding based on voltage level, generator and equipment grounding, fence grounding, lightning protection, and parameters for calculating step and touch potentials. Requirements are given for grounding in industrial, residential, recreational, and office buildings and substations.

Uploaded by

Afzal Asif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1K views5 pages

Summary of SAES-P-111

This standard prescribes requirements for grounding systems and lightning protection systems for Saudi Aramco facilities. It provides guidelines for grounding conductors, electrodes, connections, system grounding based on voltage level, generator and equipment grounding, fence grounding, lightning protection, and parameters for calculating step and touch potentials. Requirements are given for grounding in industrial, residential, recreational, and office buildings and substations.

Uploaded by

Afzal Asif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

GROUNDING

Summary of SAES-P-111

MOHAMMED AFZAL ASIF

CONTRACTING AND TRADING COMPANY “C.A.T.”


JANUARY 22, 2020
This standard prescribes the mandatory requirements for design and installation of grounding systems and lightning protection systems for Saudi Aramco
facilities. Any conflict with this standard should be forwarded to the Manager, Consulting Services Department of Saudi Aramco, Dhahran via company or
buyer representative.

Grounding in industrial facilities, residential areas, recreational facilities, office buildings and substations:

GROUNDING
 Material: Soft or annealed copper or galvanized steel (where bare copper will affect cathodic protection currents). In
substations, stranded bare copper or tinned copper (if used in soils less than 70 ohm-meters resistivity).
Grounding  Insulated (identified by green jacket or a green jacket with yellow stripes) or PVC jacketed.
 If it is larger than 35 mm2 (2 AWG), should be stranded.
Conductors
 For connection of equipment to ground rods or ground grid shall be 25 mm² (4 AWG). In substation, minimum 70 mm2 (2/0
AWG) conductor is used.
 Bare grounding conductors shall not be installed in metallic conduit.
 The ground electrode for system grounding shall consist of either (1) rod or pipe electrode(s), or (2) a combination of rod or
pipe electrodes interconnected by bare or insulated copper conductor of minimum 70 mm2 (2/0 AWG) which is buried a
minimum of 460 mm.
Grounding Electrode  Material: Copper (mandatory if a concrete-encased electrode is used) or copper jacketed steel or galvanized steel (in areas
protected by cathodic protection or in soils less than 70 ohm-meters).
 Length: Minimum 2.4 meters. In case it’s joined, each should be 2.4 meters long.
 Diameter: Minimum 16 mm (copper or copper jacketed steel) or 19 mm (galvanized steel)
Underground Above Ground
Either: Either:
 By thermite welding or brazing.  By thermite welding or brazing.
Connections
 By irreversible compression-type connectors.  By compression type connectors bolted to bare steel.
 By mechanical connectors where it is necessary to  In accordance with the NEC as supplemented by SAES-
disconnect for tests. P-104.
System Grounding
Solidly grounded systems below 1 kV Solidly grounded systems above 1 kV Impedance grounded systems above 1 kV
 Ground Resistance of electodes: Maximum 5Ω
 Fault Duration of neutral wire: 10 secs
 Ground Resistance of electodes: Maximum 5Ω  Ground Resistance of electodes: Maximum 1Ω
 Ground Impedence:
 Fault Duration of neutral wire: 3 secs  Fault Duration of neutral wire: 3 secs
 400A, 10 second resistor (Industrial)
 100A, 10 second resistor (Commercial)

Three-phase electrical systems grounding

 For large and medium direct-connected units shall be low resistance type.
Generator Neutral Grounding  For large unit-transformer connected generators shall be high resistance type.
 Fault Duration of neutral wire: 10 secs
Equipment Grounding
Though conduit, cable tray, or cable armor, shall not be relied on but if NEC bonding and grounding requirements are met,
 Conduit or cable armor may be used for grounding electronic instrumentation operating at 24 V DC nominal or below.
 Aluminium cable trays containing only circuits operated at, or below, 50 V to round may be used as equipment grounding conductors.

Equipment that don’t required  Electrical submersible pump motors


grounding conductor  Armored submarine cables
 Shields and armor of power cable  Raised computer floors
Equipment that requires grounding  Metallic conduit and cable trays  Electrical manholes
conductor  Ground busses in switchgear, switchboards,  Frames of equipment (motors, generators,
and motor control centers and transformers) operating at 1,000 V or
Note: Some requires to be connected to the local  Motor Operated Valves (MOV), lower voltage greater
ground grid, grounding electrodes, or supplementary motors and transformers  Motors, transformers, and generators
grounding electrodes in addition to equipment
 Metal vessels, stacks, exchangers, and similar operating at a nominal voltage of 480 V
grounding conductors running with the power
equipment.  Manually operated switches for overhead
conductors.
 Loading and unloading facilities power lines
Fence Grounding
Substation fence Non-substation fence
Fences which are within 10 m of an enclosed ground grid or
 Shall not be PVC coated
ground loop that is connected to equipment operated at 1,000 V
 Shall be grounded in a minimum of two locations to the local ground grid
or greater and that pass under a transmission line operating at
or loop.
34.5 kV and above,
 Shall be connected to the grounding conductor(s) at intervals not
 Shall not be PVC coated
exceeding 15 m.
 Shall be grounded at intervals not exceeding 15 m to the
 Corner posts and gateposts shall be connected to the grounding conductor
ground grid or loop
Note: Fences constructed with concrete posts, PVC coated fencing material and fences not required to be grounded by this standard are not required to be grounded.

Lightning Protection and Static Electricity Grounding


 Lightning protection system design and installation shall be based on:
 NFPA 780, UL 96A and  IEEE 998 or IEC 62305-1, 2, 3, 4
 Lightning protection system design and installation of petroleum facilities shall comply with API RP 2003 and API RP 545.
 Equipment like tank trucks, tank cars, tanks, other large containers, associated filling apparatus which during normal operation can cause
accumulation of sufficient static charge to cause an ignition of hydrocarbon vapours shall be bonded and grounded in accordance with API RP
2003 and API RP 545.
Parameter to calculate allowable and actual step and touch potentials:

Body Weight 50 kg shall be assumed Current Division Factor 1.0


 3,000 Ω-m for a minimum 75 mm thick pad of clean crushed rock.
Duration of  10,000 Ω-m for a minimum 50 mm layer of asphalt.
Shouldn’t exceed 0.5 secs Resistivity  200 Ω-m for a minimum 75 mm layer of concrete
ground faulty
 Other material: 100 Ω-m or actual measured top layer (min 0.3 m
layer thickness) soil resistivity.
Ground fault Higher of the LLG or LG Mesh voltage and
Based on actual measured soil resistivity.
current fault current ground potential

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy