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Prelude 19th Century

The document discusses the history of linguistics from before the 19th century through the 20th century. It outlines that linguistics began as non-theoretical studies before the 19th century and then evolved into historical linguistics during the 19th century, structuralism in the early 20th century, and generative grammar in the late 20th century. Specifically, it notes that historical linguistics in the 19th century focused on reconstructing how languages split over time and making comparisons between modern Indo-European languages and their ancestors.

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Yulistia Rahmi Putri
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173 views3 pages

Prelude 19th Century

The document discusses the history of linguistics from before the 19th century through the 20th century. It outlines that linguistics began as non-theoretical studies before the 19th century and then evolved into historical linguistics during the 19th century, structuralism in the early 20th century, and generative grammar in the late 20th century. Specifically, it notes that historical linguistics in the 19th century focused on reconstructing how languages split over time and making comparisons between modern Indo-European languages and their ancestors.

Uploaded by

Yulistia Rahmi Putri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Prelude 19th Century

A. Introduction

The history of linguistics connected with many theory that have been proposed to explain about
nature of the human language.

B. Content

The history about linguistics has three category,

1) Non-theoretical studies, the period is before the 19th century.


2) Historical linguistics, the period is 19th century.
3) Structuralism, the period is the first half 20th century.
4) Generative grammar, the period is the second half of 20th century.

Linguistics is a science that began at 19th century. During 19th century, linguistics being a part of
psychology or biology. Historical linguistics also known diachronic linguistics is the scientific
study of language that change every time. In the 19th century concern with reconstructing and
making hypothesis about the way it split into various modern language. In 19 th century,
linguistics were studying how different languages are related to each other. The purpose of
studying this, to make comparisons between Indo-Europe modern and Indo-Europe ancestors.

Before the 19th century, language in western world mainly interest to philosophers.

1. Pluto
Pluto defined the sentence into two grammatical categories, he asked about to question:
a. What we talk about it (subject)
b. What we say about it (verb)
2. Aristotle
He said, language is a result of the agreement between people. Aristotle defined a word
as a linguistics unit, he added the category of conjunctions, he added the category of
tense, he also added the intermediate gender.
3. Stoic
Stoic has a different thought with Aristotle. They were in the opposite from Aristotle.
Stoic believed that language is past of human knowledge. They gave the difference
between form and meaning, this is adopted by Saussure in the 20th century.
In grammatical categories, they made a distinction between transitive and intransitive.
Stoic also introduced about the active and passive voice.
4. The Greek Alexandrias
The Greek Alexandrias made an analogy VS analogy, they studied about literary texts,
and focus on the study of written from language. They also explained about language in a
regular and irregular.
5. Indian tradition
In Indian they called Panini, this is a Indian scholar studied the Sanskirt language to
protect they language text (Verbs). In Indian tradition, they studied about phonetics and
morphology.
 Phonetics is study of human speech sounds, what you do with your tongue, your
mouth, your lips, and lungs in order to produce speech sounds.
 Morphology
Study of words and how words are formed using various root word prefixes and
suffix. How they all relate to one another and to use some sentence.
6. In the Roman tradition, they introduced about the art of correct speech, parts of speech,
and good and bad style.
C. Conclusion
Language has change every time. History of linguistic has beginning before 19 th century until
second half 20th century. Study about linguistics are purpose to see different language from
each other around the world.
Reference

https://www.uni-due.de/ELE/HistoryOfLinguistics.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_linguistics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_linguistics

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sQVtziMRa1k

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AJADwYhDdI

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