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Surfactants, Industrial Applications

This document discusses industrial applications of surfactants. Surfactants are amphipathic molecules with a hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head that allow them to act as emulsifiers, dispersants, and solubilizers. Some key applications of surfactants mentioned include using them to form and stabilize foams, emulsions, and suspensions. Surfactants are also widely used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and the food industry.

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492 views1 page

Surfactants, Industrial Applications

This document discusses industrial applications of surfactants. Surfactants are amphipathic molecules with a hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head that allow them to act as emulsifiers, dispersants, and solubilizers. Some key applications of surfactants mentioned include using them to form and stabilize foams, emulsions, and suspensions. Surfactants are also widely used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and the food industry.

Uploaded by

Carlotta C.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Surfactants, Industrial

Applications
Tharwat F. Tadros
Imperial Chemical Industries

I. Introduction IX. Surfactants in Foams


II. General Classification of Surfactants X. Surfactants in Wetting Phenomena
III. Physical Properties of Surfactant Solutions XI. Application of Surfactants In Cosmetics
IV. Adsorption of Surfactants at Various Interfaces and Personal Care Products
V. Surfactants as Emulsifiers XII. Application of Surfactants
VI. Surfactants as Dispersants in Pharmaceuticals
VII. Role of Surfactants in Stabilization of Emulsions XIII. Application of Surfactants in Agrochemicals
and Suspensions XIV. Application of Surfactants in the Food Industry
VIII. Role of Surfactants in Solubilization
and Microemulsions

GLOSSARY SURFACE-ACTIVE agents (usually referred to as sur-


factants) are amphipathic molecules consisting of a non-
Cloud point Temperature at which a surfactant solution polar hydrophobic portion, usually a straight or branched
of a given concentration becomes turbid (cloudy). hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon chain containing 8–18 car-
Critical micelle concentration (cmc) Concentration at bon atoms, which is attached to a polar or ionic portion
which the physical properties of a surfactant solution (hydrophilic). The hydrophilic portion can, therefore, be
show an abrupt change. nonionic, ionic, or zwitterionic, accompanied by coun-
Emulsion Dispersion of a liquid in a liquid. terions in the last two cases. The hydrocarbon chain in-
Krafft temperature Temperature at which the surfactant teracts weakly with the water molecules in an aqueous
shows a sudden increase in solubility. environment, whereas the polar or ionic head group in-
Micelles Association units of surfactant molecules. teracts strongly with water molecules via dipole or ion–
Microemulsion Thermodynamically isotropic system of dipole interactions. It is this strong interaction with the
water, oil, and surfactant. water molecules which renders the surfactant soluble in
Solubilization Incorporation of an insoluble substance in water. However, the cooperative action of dispersion and
a surfactant solution. hydrogen bonding between the water molecules tends to
Suspension Dispersion of a solid in a liquid. “squeeze” the hydrocarbon chain out of the water and

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