Control of Distortion: in Welded Fabrication
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Nadzrin PuadControl of Distortion: in Welded Fabrication
Uploaded by
Nadzrin PuadCONTROL OF
DISTORTION
IN WELDED FABRICATION
INTRODUCTORY NOTES
THE WELDING INSTITUTE
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Slide Book 1
number Fig
CHAPTER 1 – Distortion and its causes
0601 1.1 Cooling weld bead 2
0602 1.1 Butt Joint 3
0603 1.1 T joint: two weds 4
0604 1.1 T joint: one weld 5
CHAPTER 2 – Distortion prevention
Edge preparation
0605 2.1 Preparation: butt weld 6
0606 2.2 Asymmetrical double V 7-8
0607 2.3 Asymmetrical run sequence 9
0608 2.4 Symmetrical double V 10
0609 2.5 Lap joints 11
Presetting
0610 2.6 Presetting 12
2.7
Use of wedges 13
Restraint
0612 2.9 Strongbacks 14
0613 2.10 Flexible clamp 15
0614 2.11 Back-to-back assembly 16
0615 2.12 Tack-welding sequences 17
0616 2.13 Longitudinal stiffeners 18
Shrinkage allowances
0617 2.14 Shrinkage of fabrication 19
Welding procedure
0618 2.15 Isothermals 20
0619 2.16 Angular distortion 21-22
0620 2.17 Backstep and skip welding 23
0621 2.18 Gas welding thin sheet 24
0622 2.19 Insert patches 25-26
0623 2.20 Stresses in gas welding 27-28
Metallurgical considerations
0624 2.21 Segregation in parent metal 29
0625 2.22 Stress corrosion cracking 30
0626 2.23 Oxide penetration and Sulphur attack 31
CHAPTER 3 – Distortion correction
Mechanics
0627 3.1 Press: to correct bowing 32-33
0628 3.2 Sizing fixture 34
Local heating