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Language Flashcards

The document discusses several theories of language: - Universal Theory: Language is shaped by human cognition and consists of universal semantic constructs. - Nativist Theory: Humans have an innate capacity and language acquisition device in the brain for learning language. - Social Interactionist Theory: Language acquisition is driven by social interaction and the interplay between biological and social factors. - Learning Theory: Language is acquired through operant conditioning. It also covers several aspects of language including phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and neurological communication disorders such as aphasia, agraphia, alexia, and dysarthria.

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139 views52 pages

Language Flashcards

The document discusses several theories of language: - Universal Theory: Language is shaped by human cognition and consists of universal semantic constructs. - Nativist Theory: Humans have an innate capacity and language acquisition device in the brain for learning language. - Social Interactionist Theory: Language acquisition is driven by social interaction and the interplay between biological and social factors. - Learning Theory: Language is acquired through operant conditioning. It also covers several aspects of language including phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and neurological communication disorders such as aphasia, agraphia, alexia, and dysarthria.

Uploaded by

Lora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Language

Universalist Theory of Language


Language

Human cognition shapes language and language


is created from a set of universal semantic
distinctions and constructions shape human
language
Language

Linguistic Determinism
Language

The idea that language and its structures limit and


determine human knowledge or thought, as well as
thought processes such as categorization,
memory, and perception (AKA linguistic relativity)
Language

Nativist (Biological) Theory of Language


Language

Humans have an innate capacity for language


Language

Language Acquisition Device


Language

A theoretical pathway in the brain that allows


infants to process and absorb language
Language

Critical Period
Language

Lasts between 2 years of age to puberty; If no


language exposure occurs during this time, later
training is largely ineffective
Language

Sensitive Period
Language

Before the onset of puberty; When environmental


input has maximal effect on the development of an
ability
Language

Transformationalist Grammar
Language

The use of defined operations called


transformations to produce new sentences from
existing ones
Language

Learning (Behaviorist) Theory of Language


Language

Language acquisition occurs by operant


conditioning
Language

Social Interactionist Theory of Language


Language

Language acquisition is driven by the child’s desire


to communicate and behave in a social manner,
such as interaction with caretakers and other
children; The interplay between biological and
social processes
Language

Phonology
Language

The actual sounds of language


Language

Phonemes
Language

The speech sounds that make up language


Language

Morphology
Language

The structure of words


Language

Morphemes
Language

Building blocks of words


Language

Semantics
Language

The association of meaning with a word


Language

Syntax
Language

How words are put together to form sentences


Language

Pragmatics
Language

The dependence of language on context and


preexisting knowledge
Language

Prosody
Language

The rhythm, cadence, and inflection of our voices


Language

Neurological Communication and Motor


Disorders
Language

Aphasia, Agraphia, Alexia, and Dysathria


Language

Aphasia
Language

An inability to comprehend and formulate language


because of damage to specific brain regions
Language

Broca’s Aphasia
Language

Characterized by partial loss of the ability to


produce language (spoken or written), although
comprehension generally remains intact; Also
known as expressive or nonfluent aphasia
Language

Wernicke’s Aphasia
Language

Characterized by the inability to understand


language in its written or spoken form, despite
being able to using grammar, syntax, rate, and
intonation; Also known as receptive or fluent
aphasia
Language

Global Aphasia
Language

Characterized by a severe form of nonfluent


aphasia that affects both Broca’s and Wernicke’s
areas
Language

Anomic Aphasia
Language

Characterized by word retrieval failures and the


inability express the words they want to say
Language

Agraphia
Language

Characterized by the inability to communicate


through writing, either due to some form of motor
dysfunction or an inability to spell
Language

Alexia
Language

Characterized by trouble with reading despite


normal intelligence
Language

Dysarthria
Language

Characterized by poor articulation of phonemes

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