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11.(Forecast Weather and Oceanographic Conditions)

Ramalan Cuaca Dan Kondisi Laut.
1. Wind velocity varies .
b. Directly with the pressure gradient
2. What wind reverses directions seasonally?
a. Monsoon winds

3. What wind reverses directions seasonally?

a. Monsoon winds

4. A strong, often violent, northerly wind occurring on the Pacific coast of Mexico, particularly during
the colder months, is called .
a. Tehuantepecer

5. What will a veering wind do?

a. Change direction in a clockwise manner in the Northern Hemisphere

6. A weather forecast states that the wind will commence backing. In the Northern Hemisphere, this would
indicate that it will .
b. Shift in a counterclockwise manner

7. A weather forecast states that the wind will commence veering. In the Northern Hemisphere this
indicates that the wind will .
a. Shift in a clockwise manner

8. You are enroute to Jacksonville, FL, from San Juan, P.R. There is a fresh n'ly wind blowing. As you
cross the axis of the Gulf Stream you would expect to encounter .
b. Steeper waves, closer together

9. A local wind which occurs during the daytime and is caused by the different rates of warming of
land and water is a .
d. Sea breeze

10. Which wind results from a land mass cooling more quickly at night than an adjacent water area?
c. Land breeze

11. A katabatic wind blows .

c. Down an incline due to cooling of the air

12. The most common form of solid precipitation is

a. Snow

13. A cloud whose name has the prefix nimbo- or the suffix –nimbus is
d. Rain-producing

14. What air masses generally move eastward, toward Europe?

d. Maritime polar Atlantic

15. Which Beaufort force indicates a wind speed of 65 knots?

c. Beaufort force 12

16. In reading a weather map, closely spaced pressure gradient lines would indicate .
a. High winds
17. On the pole side of the high pressure belt in each hemisphere, the pressure diminishes. The
winds along these gradients are diverted by the Earth's rotation toward the east and are known
as the .
d. Prevailing westerlies
18. Storms along a cold front are usually short-lived and sometimes violent, while storms along a
warm front
b. produce precipitation over a large area, and are sometimes violent.

19. Which of the following statements describes what happens when the sun heats water and land?
b. Water heats more slowly than land does.

20. Which wind pattern has the most influence over the movement of frontal weather systems over
the North American continent?
c. Prevailing westerlies

21. In the doldrums you will NOT have .

c. Steep pressure gradients

22. The dew point is the temperature at which the rate of condensation
a. equals the rate of evaporation. .

23. The area of strong westerly winds occurring between 40°S and 60°S latitude is called the
.
c. Roaring forties

24. The winds you would expect to encounter in the North Atlantic between latitudes 5° and 30° are
known as the .
c. Trades
25. The West Wind Drift is located .
a. Near 60°S

26. The prevailing winds in the band of latitude from approximately 5°N to 30°N are the
.
b. Northeast trade winds

27. The winds with the greatest effect on the set, drift, and depth of the equatorial currents are the
.
c. Trade winds

28. Continental polar, maritime polar, continental tropical, and maritime tropical are types of
b. air masses.

29. Weather map symbols H and L indicate

c. air pressure centers.

30. The belt of light and variable winds between the westerly wind belt and the northeast trade
winds is called the .
a. Subtropical high pressure belt

31. Fog differs from clouds in that fog

a. forms closer to the groun

32. Lightning causes a rapid expansion and collapse of the air that produces
a. thunder.

33. You are enroute to Savannah, GA, from Recife, Brazil. There is a strong n'ly wind blowing. As you
cross the axis of the Gulf Stream you would expect to encounter .
 d. Steeper waves, closer together

34. Which of the following is not one of the three properties used by meteorologists to classify
clouds.
b. Cloud, Composition

35. Fog and stratus clouds are most common during which of the following times of day.
c. Early, morning

36. Large-scale circulation systems, fronts, and thunderstorms are the primary source of which of
the following cloud types.
a. Middle and high clouds

37. High-cloud tops generally are limited by the height of the;

d. Tropopause

38. The names of all three high-cloud genera contain which of the following words in some form.
c. Cirrus

39. The least common of the 10 cloud genera is:

b. Cirrocumulus

40. Which of the following would not be true concerning temperature change taking place in a
parcel of air at the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
a. The temperature rises as the parcel

41. Which of the following is true of a parcel of air but not true of the environment.
d. Changes temperature with altitude at either the dry or moist adiabatic rates

42. Lenticular and stratiform clouds are caused in stable air by:
c. Orographic lifting

43. Which of the following fog types is composed of unstable clouds.

b. Evaporaton fog

44. If your weather bulletin shows the center of a low pressure area to be 100 miles due east of your
position, what winds can you expect in the Northern Hemisphere?
c. North to northwest

45. The direction of the southeast trade winds is a result of the .

c. Rotation of the earth

46. When facing into the wind in the Northern Hemisphere the center of low pressure lies
.
d. To your right and behind you

47. The steady current circling the globe at about 60°S is the .
c. West Wind Drift

48. During the winter months, the southeast trade winds are .
a. Stronger than during the summer months

49. If a weather bulletin shows the center of a low pressure system to be 100 miles due east of you,
what winds can you expect in the Southern Hemisphere?
a. South-southwesterly

50. The usual sequence of directions in which a tropical cyclone moves in the Southern Hemisphere
 is .
b. Southwest, south, and southeast

51. Severe tropical cyclones (hurricanes, typhoons) occur in all warm-water oceans except the

d. South Atlantic Ocean

52. When a hurricane passes over colder water or land and loses its tropical characteristics, the
storm becomes a(n) .
b. Extratropical low-pressure system

53. You are attempting to locate your position relative to a hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere. If
the wind direction remains steady, but with diminishing velocity, you are most likely .
d. On the storm track behind the center

54. The rise and fall of the ocean's surface due to a distant storm is known as .
d. Swell

55. What kind of weather would you expect to accompany the passage of a tropical wave?
a. Heavy rain and cloudiness

56. Tropical cyclones are classified by form and intensity. Which system does not have closed
isobars?
b. Tropical disturbance

57. In the Northern Hemisphere, what type of cloud formations would you expect to see to the west
of an approaching tropical wave?
a. Cumulus clouds lined up in rows extending in a northeast to southwest direction

58. Weather systems in the middle latitudes generally travel from .

b. West to east

59. In the Northern Hemisphere you are caught in the dangerous semicircle with plenty of sea room
available. The best course of action is to bring the wind on the .
a. Starboard bow and make as much headway as possible

60. Current refers to the .

b. Horizontal movement of the water

61. Monsoons are characterized by .

c. Steady winds that reverse direction semiannually

62. In the Northern Hemisphere, your vessel is believed to be in the direct path of a hurricane, and
plenty of sea room is available. The best course of action is to bring the wind on the .
b. Starboard quarter, note the course, and head in that direction

63. What level of development of a tropical cyclone has a hundred mile radius of circulation, gale
force winds, less than 990 millibars of pressure and vertically formed cumulonimbus clouds?
c. A tropical storm

64. The precession of the equinoxes occurs in a(n) .

b. Westerly direction

65. A steep barometric gradient indicates .

c. Strong winds

66. A sea breeze is a wind .

 b. That blows towards an island during the day

67. What is the FIRST sign of the existence of a well developed tropical cyclone?
b. An unusually long ocean swell

68. Temperature and moisture characteristics are modified in a warm or cold air mass due to
.

b. Movement of the air mass

69. The appearance of nimbostratus clouds in the immediate vicinity of a ship at sea would be
accompanied by which of the following conditions?
a. Rain and poor visibility

70. Which condition exists at the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere?
The Southern Hemisphere is having winter.

71. The flow of air around an anticyclone in the Southern Hemisphere is .

b. Counterclockwise and outward

72. Uniform, grayish-white cloud sheets that cover large portions of the sky, and are responsible for
a large percentage of the precipitation in the temperate latitudes, are called .
a. Altostratus

73. Anticyclones are usually characterized by .

a. Dry, fair weather

74. Altocumulus clouds are defined as .

b. Middle clouds

75. A generally circular low pressure area is called a(n) .

a. Cyclone

76. Cold water flowing southward through the western part of the Bering Strait between Alaska and
Siberia is joined by water circulating counterclockwise in the Bering Sea to form the .
d. Oyashio Current

77. Which cloud type is normally associated with thunderstorms?

d. Cumulonimbus

78. The circulation around a low pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere is .
a. Counterclockwise

79. Recurvature of a hurricane's track usually results in the forward speed .

a. Increasing

80. All of the following are associated with cumulonimbus clouds EXCEPT .
a. Steady rainfall

81. In the Northern Hemisphere, an area of counterclockwise wind circulation surrounded by higher
pressure is a .
a. Low

82. If the sky was clear, with the exception of a few cumulus clouds, it would indicate .
c. Fair weather

83. Stormy weather is usually associated with regions of .

 a. Low barometric pressure

84. The form of cloud often known as "mackerel sky" which is generally associated with fair weather
is .
c. Cirrocumulus

85. When a low pressure area is approaching, the weather generally .

b. Worsens

86. Clouds that form as small white flakes or scaly globular masses covering either small or large
portions of the sky are .
d. Cirrocumulus

87. A cyclone in its final stage of development is called a(n) .

c. Occluded cyclone or occluded front

88.That half of the hurricane to the right hand side of its track (as you face the same direction that
the storm is moving) in the Northern Hemisphere is called the .
d. Dangerous semicircle

89. High clouds, composed of small white flakes or scaly globular masses, and often banded together
to form a "mackerel sky", would be classified as .
b. Cirrocumulus

90. The wind circulation around a high pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere is .
d. Clockwise and moving outward from the high

91. A thin, whitish, high cloud popularly known as "mares' tails" is .

d. Cirrus

92. Good weather is usually associated with a region of .

b. High barometric pressure

93. The wind velocity is higher in the dangerous semicircle of a tropical cyclone because of the
c. Wind circulation and forward motion of the storm

94. Which list of clouds is in sequence, from highest to lowest in the sky?
b. Cirrostratus, altostratus, stratus

95. Warm air masses will generally have .

b. Stratiform clouds

96. A low, uniform layer of cloud resembling fog, but not resting on the ground, is called
c. Stratus

1. Which kind of conditions would you observe as the eye of a storm passes over your vessel’s position ?
a. Flat calm seas,heavy rain, light winds, and an extremely low barometer
b. Flat calm seas. Heavy rain, light winds, and high pressure
c. Huge waves approaching from all direction, clearing skies, light winds, and extremely low
barometer
d. Huge waves approaching from all directions, clearing skies, light winds, and high pressure

2. You are underway on course 050° T and you maximum speed is 10 knots.The eye of a hurricane bears
100° T, 90 miles from your position. The hurricane is moving towards 285° T at 19 Knots. Which
course should you steer at 10 knots to have the maximum cPA ?
 a. 223°
b. 226°
c. 238°
d. 221°

3. Which condition exists in eye of a hurricane ?

a. Wind rapidly changing derection
b. An extremely low barometric pressure
c. Towering cumulonimbus clouds
d. A temperature much lower than that outside the eye

11. Ramalan cuaca dan kondisi laut.

(Forecast weather and oceanographic conditions)

241. Wind velocity varies

Directly with the pressure gradient

242. What wind reverses directions seasonally?

Monsoon winds

243. What wind reverses directions seasonally?

Monsoon winds

244. A strong, often violent, northerly wind occurring on the Pacific coast of Mexico, particularly
during the colder months, is called

Tehuantepecer

245. What will a veering wind do?

Change direction in a clockwise manner in the Northern Hemisphere

246. A weather forecast states that the wind will commence backing. In the Northern Hemisphere, this
would indicate that it will __________.

Shift in a counterclockwise manner

247. A weather forecast states that the wind will commence veering. In the Northern Hemisphere this
indicates that the wind will __________.

Shift in a clockwise manner

248. You are enroute to Jacksonville, FL, from San Juan, P.R. There is a fresh n'ly wind blowing. As you
cross the axis of the Gulf Stream you would expect to encounter

Steeper waves, closer together

249. A local wind which occurs during the daytime and is caused by the different rates of warming of
land and water is a _

Sea breeze

250. Which wind results from a land mass cooling more quickly at night than an adjacent water area?
 Land breeze

251. A katabatic wind blows

Down an incline due to cooling of the air

252. The most common form of solid precipitation is

Snow

253. A cloud whose name has the prefix nimbo- or the suffix –nimbus is

Rain-producing

254. What air masses generally move eastward, toward Europe?

Maritime polar Atlantic

255. Which Beaufort force indicates a wind speed of 65 knots?

Beaufort force 12

256. In reading a weather map, closely spaced pressure gradient lines would indicate

High winds

257. On the pole side of the high pressure belt in each hemisphere, the pressure diminishes. The
winds along these gradients are diverted by the Earth's rotation toward the east and are known as the

Prevailing westerlies

258. Storms along a cold front are usually short-lived and sometimes violent, while storms along a
warm front

produce precipitation over a large area, and are sometimes violent.

259. Which of the following statements describes what happens when the sun heats water and land?

Water heats more slowly than land does.

260. Which wind pattern has the most influence over the movement of frontal weather systems over
the North American continent?

Prevailing westerlies

261. In the doldrums you will NOT have __________.

Frequent showers and thunderstorms

262. The dew point is the temperature at which the rate of condensation

equals the rate of evaporation.

263. The area of strong westerly winds occurring between 40°S and 60°S latitude is called the

Roaring forties

264. The winds you would expect to encounter in the North Atlantic between latitudes 5° and 30° are
known as the

Trades

265. The West Wind Drift is located __________.

 On each side of the Equatorial Current

266. The prevailing winds in the band of latitude from approximately 5°N to 30°N are the

Northeast trade winds

267. The winds with the greatest effect on the set, drift, and depth of the equatorial currents are the

Trade winds

268. Continental polar, maritime polar, continental tropical, and maritime tropical are types of

air masses.

269. Weather map symbols H and L indicate

air pressure centers.

270. The belt of light and variable winds between the westerly wind belt and the northeast trade
winds is called the __________.

Subtropical high pressure belt

271. Fog differs from clouds in that fog

forms closer to the groun

272. Lightning causes a rapid expansion and collapse of the air that produces

thunder.

273. You are enroute to Savannah, GA, from Recife, Brazil. There is a strong n'ly wind blowing. As you
cross the axis of the Gulf Stream you would expect to encounter

Steeper waves, closer together

274. Which of the following is not one of the three properties used by meteorologists to classify
clouds.

Cloud, Composition

275. Fog and stratus clouds are most common during which of the following times of day.

Early, morning

276. Large-scale circulation systems, fronts, and thunderstorms are the primary source of which of the
following cloud types.

Middle and high clouds

277. High-cloud tops generally are limited by the height of the;

Tropopause

278. The names of all three high-cloud genera contain which of the following words in some form.

Cirrus

279. The least common of the 10 cloud genera is:

Cirrocumulus
280. Which of the following would not be true concerning temperature change taking place in a parcel
of air at the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

The temperature rises as the parcel

281. Which of the following is true of a parcel of air but not true of theenvironment.

Changes temperature with altitude at either the dry or moist adiabatic rates

282. Lenticular and stratiform clouds are caused in stable air by:

Orographic lifting

283. Which of the following fog types is composed of unstable clouds.

Evaporaton fog

284. If your weather bulletin shows the center of a low pressure area to be 100 miles due east of your
position, what winds can you expect in the Northern Hemisphere?

North to northwest

285. The direction of the southeast trade winds is a result of the __________.

Rotation of the earth

286. When facing into the wind in the Northern Hemisphere the center of low pressure lies

To your left and behind you

287. The steady current circling the globe at about 60°S is the __________.

West Wind Drift

288. During the winter months, the southeast trade winds are __________.

Stronger than during the summer months

289. If a weather bulletin shows the center of a low pressure system to be 100 miles due east of you,
what winds can you expect in the Southern Hemisphere?

South-southwesterly

290. The usual sequence of directions in which a tropical cyclone moves in the Southern Hemisphere is

Southwest, south, and southeast

291. Severe tropical cyclones (hurricanes, typhoons) occur in all warm-water oceans except the

South Atlantic Ocean

292. When a hurricane passes over colder water or land and loses its tropical characteristics, the storm
becomes a(n) __________.

Extratropical low-pressure system

293. You are attempting to locate your position relative to a hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere. If
the wind direction remains steady, but with diminishing velocity, you are most likely __________.

On the storm track behind the center

294. The rise and fall of the ocean's surface due to a distant storm is known as

Swell

295. What kind of weather would you expect to accompany the passage of a tropical wave?

Heavy rain and cloudiness

296. Tropical cyclones are classified by form and intensity. Which system does not have closed
isobars?

Tropical disturbance

297. In the Northern Hemisphere, what type of cloud formations would you expect to see to the west
of an approaching tropical wave?

Cumulus clouds lined up in rows extending in a northeast to southwest direction

298. Weather systems in the middle latitudes generally travel from __________.

West to east

299. In the Northern Hemisphere you are caught in the dangerous semicircle with plenty of sea room
available. The best course of action is to bring the wind on the

Starboard bow and make as much headway as possible

300. Current refers to the __________.

Horizontal movement of the water

301. Monsoons are characterized by __________.

Steady winds that reverse direction semiannually

302. In the Northern Hemisphere, your vessel is believed to be in the direct path of a hurricane, and
plenty of sea room is available. The best course of action is to bring the wind on the __________.

Starboard quarter, note the course, and head in that direction

303. What level of development of a tropical cyclone has a hundred mile radius of circulation, gale
force winds, less than 990 millibars of pressure and vertically formed cumulonimbus clouds?

A tropical storm

304. The precession of the equinoxes occurs in a(n) __________.

Westerly direction

305. A steep barometric gradient indicates __________.

Strong winds

306. A sea breeze is a wind __________.

That blows towards an island during the day

307. What is the FIRST sign of the existence of a well developed tropical cyclone?

An unusually long ocean swell

308. Temperature and moisture characteristics are modified in a warm or cold air mass due to
 Movement of the air mass

309. The appearance of nimbostratus clouds in the immediate vicinity of a ship at sea would be
accompanied by which of the following conditions?

Rain and poor visibility

310. Which condition exists at the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere?

The Southern Hemisphere is having winter.

311. The flow of air around an anticyclone in the Southern Hemisphere is __________.

Counterclockwise and outward

312. Uniform, grayish-white cloud sheets that cover large portions of the sky, and are responsible for a
large percentage of the precipitation in the temperate latitudes, are called __________.

Altostratus

313. Anticyclones are usually characterized by __________.

Dry, fair weather

314. Altocumulus clouds are defined as __________.

Middle clouds

315. A generally circular low pressure area is called a(n) __________.

Cyclone

316. Cold water flowing southward through the western part of the Bering Strait between Alaska and
Siberia is joined by water circulating counterclockwise in the Bering Sea to form the ___

Oyashio Current

317. Which cloud type is normally associated with thunderstorms?

Cumulonimbus

318. The circulation around a low pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere is

Counterclockwise

319. Recurvature of a hurricane's track usually results in the forward speed .

Increasing

320. All of the following are associated with cumulonimbus clouds EXCEPT

Steady rainfall

321. In the Northern Hemisphere, an area of counterclockwise wind circulation surrounded by higher
pressure is a __________.

Low

322. If the sky was clear, with the exception of a few cumulus clouds, it would indicate

Fair weather

323. Stormy weather is usually associated with regions of __________.

 Low barometric pressure

324. The form of cloud often known as "mackerel sky" which is generally associated with fair weather
is

Cirrocumulus

325. When a low pressure area is approaching, the weather generally __________.

Worsens

326. Clouds that form as small white flakes or scaly globular masses covering either small or large
portions of the sky are __________.

Cirrocumulus

327. A cyclone in its final stage of development is called a(n) __________.

Occluded cyclone or occluded front

328. That half of the hurricane to the right hand side of its track (as you face the same direction that
the storm is moving) in the Northern Hemisphere is called the

Dangerous semicircle

329. High clouds, composed of small white flakes or scaly globular masses, and often banded together
to form a "mackerel sky", would be classified as __________.

Cirrocumulus

330. The wind circulation around a high pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere is

Clockwise and moving outward from the high

331. A thin, whitish, high cloud popularly known as "mares' tails" is __________.

Cirrus

332. Good weather is usually associated with a region of __________.

High barometric pressure

333. The wind velocity is higher in the dangerous semicircle of a tropical cyclone because of the __.

Wind circulation and forward motion of the storm

334. Which list of clouds is in sequence, from highest to lowest in the sky?

Cirrostratus, altostratus, stratus

335. Warm air masses will generally have

Stratiform clouds

336. A low, uniform layer of cloud resembling fog, but not resting on the ground, is called

Stratus

Manoeuvre and handle a ship in all conditions

12. Olah gerak dan penanganan kapal dalam segala kondisi.

497. A large vessel develops a sudden sheer when it stops moving through the water, having been
steaming through a shallow water channel for several miles. The sheer may be strong and unexpected
and is due to what reason?

The large volume of water dragged behind the vessel continues to move forward and
cause a strong turning moment on the stern of the vessel

498. A large vessel is coming alongside a pier with two tugs assisting and there is little wind or current
affecting the vessel. What would be considered the best use of the tugs and at which position?

Pushing on the ship's side and made fast in case the vessel's movement towards the
berth requires reducing by the tug pulling off.

499. A large vessel is proceeding slowly up a narrow channel, using its own engines and assisted by the
use of one tug. Where should the tug be connected to assist the ship in maintaining its course in the
centre of the channel?

Made fast on a line through the centre lead astern.

500. A ship experiences an interaction effect known as "Squat" when moving in shallow water. The
amount of Squat is affected by the speed of the vessel through the water. If the speed through the
water is HALVED what will be the change in the affect of "Squat"

The squat effect will be reduced to a quarter of its original value

501. A ship has turned a complete circle (360 degrees) in deep water at full ahead throughout the
turn. The same ship, in the same conditions, is now to make a complete turn (360 degrees) at half
ahead throughout the turn. Would there be any difference in the size (diameter) of the turning circle?

Yes, it would be a much smaller turning circle at half ahead

502. A tug is connected by a line to the bow of a ship. Will the bollard pull exerted by the tug be the
same at any speed?

No, when the ship's speed exceeds about 5 knots it will be expected that there will
be a reduced pull exerted by the tug

503. A vessel berths at two different jetties under the influence of a 1 knot beam current. At the first
jetty the ship has an underkeel clearance of 5 times the draught and at the second the underkeel
clearance is only 0.5 times the draught. If the current exerted a force of 50 tonnes on the ship at the
first jetty, what would be the approximate force exerted at the second if the draught is the same?

150 tonnes

504. In shallow water a ship will experience "Squat". What are the principle reasons creating the
effects of squat?

There is an increased effect of gravity due to closeness of the sea-bed

505. In the situation illustrated, a ship is proceeding in the centre of the channel and approaching a
bend in a river. What helm would probably be required to safely round the bend and what other
effects could be expected in this situation?

The heading should be carefully monitored, some port rudder may be required to
start the swing, though starboard rudder may be required to balance any bank
rejection.
506. In the situation illustrated, what should be the distribution of the power requirements from the
tugs, if the ship is to be moved sideways without changing the heading? Both tugs have similar bollard
pull and are of conventional propulsion.

Equal power required by both tugs, but monitor the gyro heading to ensure sideward
movement only

507. In the situation illustrated, what should be the power distribution of the tugs to maintain the ship
sideways motion with only minor changes in the ship's heading?

Full power on the forward tug and the after tug ceases to push, but continuously
monitor the ship's gyro heading

508. It has been established by experience that the most successful method of double banking two
vessels, when no tugs are available, is one of the following methods. Select which answer is
considered the most successful metho

When the larger vessel is at anchor, fig. 2

509. The bridge is informed by an eye-witness that a man has just fallen overboar Which of the
following manoeuvres is the most appropriate action when the person is still close to the vessel?

Williamson Turn

510. The effective stability of a tug, when assisting a vessel to manoeuvre, can be decreased by
hydrodynamic interaction with the ship it is assisting. Where is the most dangerous position of the tug
relative to the ship, for this adverse affect to be found?

The most dangerous position is where the tug approaches the bow rounding the
forward shoulder of the larger vessel.

511. The effectiveness of a rudder is dependant on the flow of water past the rudder. If the rudder is
put hard over when the ship is at full ahead in deep water, and then the engines are stopped, how
much lift force remains?

About 20 %

512. The rudder is hard over when steaming at full ahead in shallow water. How much "lift force"
remains when the engine is stopped?

About 80 %

513. The ship is approaching shallow water where the Under Keel Clearance will reduce to about 0.25
of the ship's draught. Which of the following answers most accurately summarizes the aspects to be
considered when deciding a suitable speed?

All of the suggested answers

514. The ship is berthed in a steady offshore beam wind of 30 knots which suddenly increases to 60
knots. What will be the change of force exerted on the ship driving it off the jetty?

The force will be Tripled

515. The ship is in a sharp starboard turn and the Doppler log shows a sideways motion to port at both
forward and aft positions. Where would the "pivot point" be considered to be located?

At a position on the centreline, about 1/6 of the ship's length aft of the bow.

516. What is understood by the term "Balanced Rudder"?

.
 A rudder with equal rudder area forward and aft of the turning axis, the turning axis
being at the geometrical centre of the rudder area

517. What will have a major effect on the performance of a tug when used to assist in the
manoeuvring of a large vessel?

The use of the tug's wire instead of the ship's towing spring

518. What would be the correct understanding of the term "a ship is directionally unstable"?

The ship requires continual application of the rudder to maintain a steady course.

519. When a conventional rudder is put hard over it creates a lift force and a drag force. When the
ship has started to turn, how much lift force do you think remains if the rudder-angle is decreased to
20 degrees from hard over position (35 degrees)?

About 50 %

520. When a vessel is moving in shallow water it will experience an effect known as "Squat". Which of
the following statements most accurately specify the results of squat on the vessel?

There will be an increase in the vessels draught while moving through the water

521. When a vessel is to experience a long tow across an ocean, what would be the best system of
connecting the tow?

Wire from a deep sea tug connected to the ship's anchor chain.

522. When connecting a tugboat, what speed do you think is best for your vessel to maintain during
this operation?

The speed should be less than 5 knots, normally 3 - 5 knots

523. Where is the normal position of the "Pivot Point" of a vessel when going astern?

Between 1/4 of the ship's length from the stern and the rudder post

524. Where is the normal position of the "Pivot Point" of the vessel when going ahead?

1/3 of the vessel's length from the bow.

525. Which of the alternative methods of using a tug when escorting a ship through narrow waters
would be considered the most effective in the event of loosing steering power?

The tug made fast on a line through the centre lead astern. (figure 4).

526. Why does a ship move laterally (sideward drift) when turning.

Because the pivot point is not at the centre of the ship

527. Would the indicated speed, as shown on a Ground Tracking Doppler Log, be suitable for berthing
the vessel?

The approach speed is essential to maintain steerage when coming alongside

528. Your ship is approaching the berth as illustrated and has a right handed propeller and no
thrusters. What could be a method to retain full control of the vessel as it comes alongside?

Reduce speed by going astern on the engines.

529. Your vessel has been loaded in a sagging condition. Enroute you encounter heavy weather and
notice buckling in the midships deck plating of your vessel. To relieve the strain you could _____.
 All of the above

530. Which statement concerning the handling characteristics of a fully loaded vessel as compared
with those of a light vessel is FALSE?

A light vessel loses more rudder effect in shallow water.

531. Your vessel has grounded on a bar. What should you do?

Switch to the high suction for condenser circulating water, if it is submerge

532. The effect of wind on exposed areas of the vessel is most noticeable when

Backing

533. Most of your vessel's superstructure is forwar How will the vessel lie when drifting with no way
on?

With the wind from abaft the beam

534. When steering a vessel, a good helmsman will __________.

Repeat back to the watch officer any rudder commands before executing them

535. The turning circle of a vessel making a turn of over 360 degrees is the path followed by the __.

Center of gravity

536. The distance a vessel moves at right angles to the original course, when a turn of 180° has been
completed, is called the __________.

Tactical diameter

537. Your ship is in shallow water and the bow rides up on its bow wave while the stern sinks into a
depression of its transverse wave system. What is this called?

Squatting

538. You are on watch at sea on course 090°T. A man falls overboard on your starboard side. You
immediately start a Williamson Turn. Which step is NOT a part of a Williamson Turn?

Step 2: Stop the engines until clear of the man.

539. In relation to the turning circle of a ship, the term "transfer" means the distance

Gained at right angles to the original course

540. If two mooring lines are to be placed on the same bollard, which method is BEST?

Place the eye from either line on the bollard, and then bring the eye of the other line
up through the eye of the first, and place it on the bollar

541. The distance a vessel moves parallel to the original course from the point where the rudder is put
over to any point on the turning circle is called the __________.

Advance

542. When turning a ship in restricted space with a strong wind, it is normally best to

Turn so that the tendency to back into the wind can be used, if on a single-screw
vessel
543. When heading on a course, you put your rudder hard over. The distance traveled parallel to the
direction of the original course from where you put your rudder over to any point on the turning circle
is known as

Advance

544. The distance gained in the direction of the original course when you are making a turn is known
as _

Advance

545. You have determined the maneuvering characteristics of your vessel by taking the radar ranges
and bearings of an isolated light while making a turn. The results are as liste Based on this data what is
the transfer for a turn of 30°? D035dg

40 yards

546. The turning circle of a vessel is the path followed by the __________.

Center of gravity

547. The pivoting point of a vessel going ahead is __________.

About one-third of the vessel's length from the bow

548. How does the effect known as "bank suction" act on a single-screw vessel proceeding along a
narrow channel?

It pulls the bow toward the bank.

549. What does the helm command "shift the rudder" mean?

Put the rudder over to the opposite side, the same number of degrees it is now.

550. In stopping distances of vessels, "head reach" can best be described as the

Distance the vessel will run between taking action to stop her and being stationary in
the water

551. Your vessel is port side to a pier with a spring line led aft from the bow. In calm weather, putting
the engines ahead with the rudder hard left should bring

The bow in and the stern out

552. You are the Master of a single-screw vessel. You are docking at a port which has no tugs available.
You decide to drop the offshore anchor to help in docking. The amount of chain you should pay out is

1 1/2 to 2 times the depth of the water

553. The helm command "meet her" means __________.

Use rudder to check the swing

554. How does the effect known as "bank suction" act on a single-screw vessel proceeding along a
narrow channel?

It pulls the stern toward the bank.

555. As a ship moves through the water, it drags with it a body of water called the wake. The ratio of
the wake speed to the ship's speed is called __________.

Wake fraction
556. The term "Shift the Rudder" means __________.

Change from right to left or left or right

557. Which statement is TRUE concerning the vessel's slipstream?

The propeller gives it a helical motion.

558. A vessel brought alongside should be fended off the towing vessel by __________.

Fenders

559. The helm command "shift your rudder" means __________.

Change from right rudder to left rudder, or vice versa, an equal number of degrees

560. As the propeller turns, voids are formed on the trailing and leading edges of the propeller blades
causing a loss of propulsive efficiency, pitting of the blades, and vibration. These voids are known as

Cavitation

561. "Hard right rudder" means __________.

Put the rudder over to the right all the way

562. "Ease the rudder" means to __________.

Decrease the rudder angle

563. The distance that a ship moves forward with each revolution of its propeller, if there is no slip, is
called

Pitch

564. Sidewise force of the propeller tends to throw a vessel's stern to the right or left, depending on
rotation. This force is caused by __________.

Torque from the velocity and angle at which the surrounding water impinges upon
the propeller blades

565. What does the helm command "shift the rudder" mean?

Put the rudder over to the opposite side, the same number of degrees it is now.

566. A vessel is equipped with a single right-handed screw. With rudder amidships and calm wind, the
vessel will most likely back __________.

To port

567. Generally, you can best keep a vessel under steering control when the vessel has

Headway

568. A towing vessel is tripped when __________.

It is pulled sideways by the tow

569. When backing down with sternway, the pivot point of a vessel is __________.

About one-quarter of the vessel's length from the stern

570. You are aboard a right-handed single-screw vessel with headway on. The engine is put full astern
and the rudder hard left. What will the bow do?

It will swing to the left, straighten out and then swing to the right as the vessel loses
way.

571. You are maneuvering a vessel with a right-hand propeller. The rudder is amidships. The vessel will
generally back __________.

To port

572. The vertical motion of a floating vessel in which the entire hull is lifted by the force of the sea is
known as

Heave

573. The direction a vessel is pointed at any given time is the __________.

Heading

574. Fetch is the __________.

Stretch of water over which a wave-forming wind blows

575. On mid-ocean waters, the height of a wind-generated wave is not affected by the

Water depth exceeding 100 feet

576. When steering a tow downstream around the shape of a sand bar, and staying on the proper side
of the buoys, an operator should be cautious of __________.

Eddies under the bar

577. Where is the pivot point of a towboat with a tow ahead?

One-third the length of the combined unit back from the head

578. A towboat has the same draft as the barges it is pushing ahea If the distance from the stern of the
towboat to the head of the tow is 800 feet, where is the approximate location of the pivot point of the
unit?

250 feet from the head of the tow

579. You are pushing a tow ahead and passing close to another towboat which is pushing ahead in the
same direction (you are overtaking). After the towheads pass close alongside __________.

The tows will tend to drift together

580. The direction in which a vessel should be steered between two points is the

Course

581. The type of current which will have the greatest effect on the course made good for your vessel is

One that flows at nearly right angles to your course steered

582. The speed of an ocean current is dependent on __________.

The density of the water

583. You are steering a southerly course, and you note that the chart predicts an easterly current.
Without considering wind, how may you allow for the set?
 Head your vessel slightly to the right

584. You are standing the wheelwatch when you hear the cry, "Man overboard starboard side". You
should instinctively

Give full right rudder

585. Which statement about a tunnel bow thruster is TRUE?

It provides lateral control without affecting headway.

586. When underway and proceeding ahead, as the speed increases, the pivot point tends to ____.

Move forward

587. The turning circle of a vessel making a turn over 360 degrees is the path followed by the ___.

Center of gravity

588. The pivoting point of a fully loaded vessel with normal trim proceeding ahead at sea speed is _.

One-third the length of the vessel from the bow

589. Your vessel has been loaded in a sagging condition. Enroute you encounter heavy weather and
notice buckling in the midships deck plating of your vessel. To relieve the strain you could ______.

All of the above

590. The distance that a vessel travels from the time that the order to put engines full astern until the
vessel is dead in the water is known as __________.

Head reach

591. Which shallow water effect will increase dramatically if you increase your ship's speed past its
"critical speed"?

Squatting

592. Which statement concerning the handling characteristics of a fully loaded vessel as compared
with those of a light vessel is FALSE?

A light vessel will be more affected by the win

593. A vessel is entering port and has a Pilot conning the vessel. The Master is unsure that the Pilot is
taking sufficient action to prevent a collision. What should the Master do?

Recommend an alternative action and if not followed relieve the Pilot.

594. The effect of wind on exposed areas of the vessel is most noticeable when

Backing

595. When steering a vessel, a good helmsman will __________.

Repeat back to the watch officer any rudder commands before executing them

596. The distance a vessel moves at right angles to the original course, when a turn of 180° has been
completed, is called the

Tactical diameter

597. Your ship is in shallow water and the bow rides up on its bow wave while the stern sinks into a
depression of its transverse wave system. What is this called?
 Squatting

598. In relation to the turning circle of a ship, the term "kick" means the distance

Or throw of a vessel's stern from her line of advance upon putting the helm hard over

599. In relation to the turning circle of a ship, the term "transfer" means the distance

Gained at right angles to the original course

600. If two mooring lines are to be placed on the same bollard, which method is BEST?

Place the eye from either line on the bollard, and then bring the eye of the other line
up through the eye of the first, and place it on the bollar

601. When turning a ship in restricted space with a strong wind, it is normally best to

Turn so that the tendency to back into the wind can be used, if on a singlescrew
vessel

602. When heading on a course, you put your rudder hard over. The distance traveled parallel to the
direction of the original course from where you put your rudder over to any point on the turning circle
is known as

Advance

603. You are on a large merchant vessel entering a port. There is a Pilot on board and he has the conn.
Which statement is TRUE?

The Master is responsible for the safe navigation of the ship and the Pilot is
employed for his local knowledge.

604. You have determined the maneuvering characteristics of your vessel by taking the radar ranges
and bearings of an isolated light while making a turn. The results are as liste Based on this data what is
the transfer for a turn of 30°? D035dg

140 yards

605. While the Pilot is maneuvering the vessel to a dock, what is the primary responsibility of the
watch officer?

Insure that helm and throttle orders given by the Pilot are correctly executed

606. The measurement of the amount of force a towing vessel is capable of applying to a motionless
tow is called

Bollard pull

607. Before a Master relieves a Pilot of the conn, the __________.

Master should foresee any danger to the vessel on the present course

608. The pivoting point of a vessel going ahead is __________.

About one-third of the vessel's length from the bow

609. You are standing the wheel watch on entering port and the Master gives you a rudder command
which conflicts with a rudder command from the Pilot. What should you do?

Obey the Master.

610. How does the effect known as "bank suction" act on a single-screw vessel proceeding along a
narrow channel?

It pushes the entire vessel away from the bank.

611. What does the helm command "shift the rudder" mean?

Put the rudder over to the opposite side, the same number of degrees it is now.