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Mould Board Plough

The document discusses agriculture in Botswana and tillage implements. It notes that Botswana has limited research on new designs to ease small-scale crop production. It describes various tillage implements used in Botswana like mouldboard ploughs, disc ploughs, chisel ploughs, disc harrows, and power tiller operated rotary tillers. Mouldboard ploughs are used widely for conventional tillage. Disc ploughs are useful for hard, dry, trashy, stony or stumpy land conditions. Disc harrows are used for soil preparation and eliminating weeds. Power tiller rotary tillers are used for mechanical weed control in crops. However, Botswana's agricultural extension

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Twizer Lebaleng
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490 views3 pages

Mould Board Plough

The document discusses agriculture in Botswana and tillage implements. It notes that Botswana has limited research on new designs to ease small-scale crop production. It describes various tillage implements used in Botswana like mouldboard ploughs, disc ploughs, chisel ploughs, disc harrows, and power tiller operated rotary tillers. Mouldboard ploughs are used widely for conventional tillage. Disc ploughs are useful for hard, dry, trashy, stony or stumpy land conditions. Disc harrows are used for soil preparation and eliminating weeds. Power tiller rotary tillers are used for mechanical weed control in crops. However, Botswana's agricultural extension

Uploaded by

Twizer Lebaleng
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Literature review

Agriculture is the practice of growing crops and the rearing of animals.In an agriculture sector,
Botswana is dominated by small traditional famers in terms of both number of people and land
coverage. Crop production is mainly based on rain fed farming, due to heavy reliance on rainfall
the right equipment or technology must be used to maximize production.[ CITATION Sea12 \l
1033 ]

In terms of technology Botswana has limited research on new designs of easing small scale crop
productions.

TILLAGE IMPLEMENTS

MOULD BOARD PLOUGH

Single sided mould board plough is used widely round the world for convectional tillage. It is
used for soil cutting crumbling, lifting and turning to create necessary conditions for plant
growth. [ CITATION Tar14 \l 1033 ]. It is also used for turning green manure crop for decaying
under the soil, which adds humus to the soil.

Most of farm implements are drawn or mounted on tractors for example, harrow, and disc plough
chisel plough and many others. Mouldboard plough, disc plough, chisel plough and a tractor are
commonly used farming equipment in Botswana

ADVANTAGES OF MOULD BOARD

DISC PLOUGH

The plough consists of common mainframe, disc beam assemblies, rockshaft assembly and a heavy
spring loaded furrow wheel and a gauge wheel. In some models Disc Plough is designed to operate as
2, 3 or 4 bottoms, by adding or removing the sub beam assemblies according to requirement. The disc
angle ranges from 40º to 45º to obtain the desired width of cut and the tilt angle ranges from 15º to
25º for penetration. The discs of the plough are made of high carbon steel or alloy steel and the edges
are hardened and sharpened. The discs are mounted on tapered roller bearings. Scrapers provided
prevent soil build up on the discs in sticky soils. The furrow slice rides along the curvature and is
pulverized to some extent before being thrown.

Uses:
Disc plough is used for primary tillage and is especially useful in hard and dry, trashy, stony or stumpy
land conditions and in soil where scouring is a major problem.

DISC HARROW

It consists of sturdy frame and gangs of discs each mounted on a common shaft and can be
classified into single and double action (tandem). In tandem disc harrow, the discs on the
front gang throw soil outward and the rear gang inward. Therefore, no soil remains uncut by
the offset disc harrow. Discs are made from high carbon steel or alloy steel; the cutting
edges are hardened and tempered to suitable hardness. The gangs can be moved in either
direction on the hitch frame. The rear gang can be moved the same amount as the front
gang. When operating in orchards or plantations, the harrow can be offset to the right or
left, thus enabling soil to be thrown towards or away from the trees. The offset-feature
makes it possible to work under low–hanging branches of trees. Discs with notches on the
outer rim are also available for operation in weed-infested fields. Three point hydraulic
linkage and hydraulic control makes it highly maneuverable. It is available as trailed type
version.

Uses:

Preparation of soil for sowing, burial of organic substances and remains and to aerate the
soil and eliminate the weeds. It is ideal for field disking, especially in orchards, plantations
and vineyard. It is suitable for working under trees close to bunds and fence posts.

POWER TILLER OPERATED ROTARY TILLER

The power tiller is powered with an 8-15 hp diesel engine. The engine power is transmitted
to ground wheels through V –belt pulley. A tail wheel is provided at the rear to maintain the
operating depth. The rotary weeding attachment does weeding. The rotary weeder consists
of three rows of discs mounted with 6 numbers of curved blades in opposite directions
alternatively on each disc. These blades help in cutting and mulching the soil. The width of
coverage of the rotary tiller is 500 mm and the depth of operation can be adjusted to weed
and mulch the soil in the cropped field.

 It is for mechanical control of weeds in crops such as tapioca, cotton, sugarcane, maize, tomato and
pulses whose rows spacing is more than 450 rnm.  Attachments like sweep blades, ridger, trailer can
be used with the machine. The lightweight power tiller can also be used for tillage under hill
agriculture and terrace farming

https://farmech.gov.in/FarmerGuide/UK/Tillage%20Implements.htm#PULVERISING
%20ROLLER

https://extension.umn.edu/soil-management-and-health/tillage-implements-purpose-and-ideal-
use#deep-tillage-%28deeper-than-10-inches%29-1202761
https://www.statpac.org/research-library/research-proposal.htm#layout

The relative performance of agriculture dropped from 42% of Botswana‟sgrosss


domestic product (GDP) in 1966 to 2.37 in 2014 (World Bank Indicators, 2012).However, it
has proven over the years that the national extension system is not responsive to the needs:
hence the decreasing contribution of agriculture to the wellbeing of Batswana.
(1) (PDF) An overview of agricultural extension in Botswana and needed reforms. Available
from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332755055_An_overview_of_agricultural_extension_i
n_Botswana_and_needed_reforms [accessed Oct 03 2020].
(1) (PDF) An overview of agricultural extension in Botswana and needed reforms. Available
from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332755055_An_overview_of_agricultural_extension_i
n_Botswana_and_needed_reforms [accessed Oct 03 2020].

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