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15-AC Bridge - Maxwell (Compatibility Mode)

This document describes different types of AC bridges used for precise measurement of inductances and capacitances. It discusses Wheatstone impedance bridges without mutual inductance, bridges with mutual inductance between branches, and non-Wheatstone networks with mutual inductance. It provides the balance equations for Wheatstone bridges in terms of impedances. It then describes Maxwell's inductance bridge in detail, providing its configuration, balance equations equating real and imaginary parts, and advantages and disadvantages. It concludes with an example problem using Maxwell's bridge to measure an unknown inductance and resistance.

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sahale shera
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52 views9 pages

15-AC Bridge - Maxwell (Compatibility Mode)

This document describes different types of AC bridges used for precise measurement of inductances and capacitances. It discusses Wheatstone impedance bridges without mutual inductance, bridges with mutual inductance between branches, and non-Wheatstone networks with mutual inductance. It provides the balance equations for Wheatstone bridges in terms of impedances. It then describes Maxwell's inductance bridge in detail, providing its configuration, balance equations equating real and imaginary parts, and advantages and disadvantages. It concludes with an example problem using Maxwell's bridge to measure an unknown inductance and resistance.

Uploaded by

sahale shera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Measurements and

instrumentation
UNIT - III

Comparison Methods of
Measurements
D.C & A.C bridges – Design of deflection bridges - Wheatstone bridge,
Kelvin bridge, Maxwell bridge, Anderson bridge, Schering Bridges, Wien
Bridge.
AC Bridges
An alternating current bridge is the best and most used method
for precise measurement of self and mutual inductances and
capacitances. The bridge networks can be classified in following
three classes
Wheatstone impedance networks without mutual inductance
Wheatstone network in which there are mutual inductance between
appropriate pair of branches.
Networks which are not of wheatstone form and in which there are usually
mutual inductances.

Wheatstone impedance networks without mutual inductance


The four branches may have impedances instead of resistances
Z1 Z 2
Under balance: 
Z3 Z 4
Z1 Z2 Z 2Z3
or Z1  where Z1 is unknown
Z4
G Note that magnitude and phase must be taken
into account

Z4
Z3

Vac
Maxwell’s Inductance bridge

L1 unknown inductance of resistance R1


R2 and R4 are ratio arms
L3 is variable standard self inductance having small resistance
R3 is combined resistance of coil and the resistance box.
R2 R3
R1 
R4
Equating Imaginary parts
jL1R4 = jC4R4 R2 R3
or

L1  R2 R3C4

Since R4 and C4 appear independently in these two equations these are made varibles to obtain the balance.
Advantages
Balance equations are independent when R4 and C4 are
chosen are variable
Frequency does not appear in any of the two equations
Simple expression for computation

Disadvantages
 Variable capacitance is costly
 Used for measurement of Low Q coils as high Q coils demand
larger R4 and hence expensive.
Problem:
The four arm of Maxwell capacitance bridge at balance are arm ab:
unknown inductance L1 having an inherent resistance R1, arm bc: an non –
inductive resistance of 100, arm cd: a capacitance of 0.5F in parallel with a
resistance of 100, arm da: a resistance of 1000. The source is connected to
a and c whereas the detector is connected between b and d. Derive the
equation for balance and find value of R1 and L1. Draw the phasor diagram of
the bridge under balance condition

R2 = 100, R3 = 1000, C4 = 0.5F and R4 = 100

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