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Radio Frequency Identification

RFID is a technology that uses radio waves to transmit the identity of a person or object wirelessly. An RFID system consists of tags that are attached to objects, readers that can detect the tags, and antennas. RFID tags contain microchips that can store data and be detected from a distance without needing line of sight like barcodes. RFID is used in many applications like EZPass and for tracking objects in warehouses.

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135 views3 pages

Radio Frequency Identification

RFID is a technology that uses radio waves to transmit the identity of a person or object wirelessly. An RFID system consists of tags that are attached to objects, readers that can detect the tags, and antennas. RFID tags contain microchips that can store data and be detected from a distance without needing line of sight like barcodes. RFID is used in many applications like EZPass and for tracking objects in warehouses.

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Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a generic term that is used to

describe a system that transmits the identity (in the form of a unique
serial number) of an object or person wirelessly, using radio waves.
It's grouped under the broad category of automatic identification
technologies.

RFID is in use all around us. If you have ever chipped your pet with
an ID tag, used EZPass through a toll booth, or paid for gas using
Speed Pass, you've used RFID. In addition, RFID is increasingly used
with biometric technologies for security.

Unlike ubiquitous UPC bar-code technology, RFID technology does


not require contact or line of sight for communication. RFID data can
be read through the human body, clothing and non-metallic materials.

Components

A basic RFID system consists of three components:

 An antenna or coil
 A transceiver (with decoder)
 A transponder (RF tag) electronically programmed with unique
information

 The antenna emits radio signals to activate the tag and to read
and write data to it.
 The reader emits radio waves in ranges of anywhere from one
inch to 100 feet or more, depending upon its power output and
the radio frequency used. When an RFID tag passes through the
electromagnetic zone, it detects the reader's activation signal.
 The reader decodes the data encoded in the tag's integrated
circuit (silicon chip) and the data is passed to the host computer
for processing.

The purpose of an RFID system is to enable data to be transmitted by


a portable device, called a tag, which is read by an RFID reader and
processed according to the needs of a particular application. The data
transmitted by the tag may provide identification or location
information, or specifics about the product tagged, such as price,
color, date of purchase, etc. RFID technology has been used by
thousands of companies for a decade or more. . RFID quickly gained
attention because of its ability to track moving objects. As the
technology is refined, more pervasive - and invasive - uses for RFID
tags are in the works.

A typical RFID tag consists of a microchip attached to a radio antenna


mounted on a substrate. The chip can store as much as 2 kilobytes of
data.

To retrieve the data stored on an RFID tag, you need a reader. A


typical reader is a device that has one or more antennas that emit radio
waves and receive signals back from the tag. The reader then passes
the information in digital form to a computer system.
Application software

The application software that reads and possibly updates tags should
share data as needed with the applications already in use in the plant.
As shown in Figure 2, the suppliers of such applications may have
different strategies on RFID. While ORACLE stays aloof from
middleware, SAP provides its own. SAP describes its Auto-ID
infrastructure in terms of applications, saying, for example that it
helps support pick, pack and ship operations. This
is not the same as saying that it provides ONS and PML services as
described above, and suggests that it may be both more efficient and
less flexible than the architecture .
Warehouse Management

Using RFID not only to satisfy a customer mandate but to help run
operations as well.
• A portal reader at the gate between production and the
warehouse.
• The Warehouse Management System (WMS), with a flow of
updates about pallets coming in and going out from the RFID
network.

Benefits of using RFID Systems:

* Provides total asset visibility


* Gives full inventory history
* Allows reduced inventory-stocking levels
* Facilitates "Just-in-Time" deliveries
* Provides full process control for products in the facility
* Reduces lead-time
* Shortens cross docking time
* Speeds up sort/pick rate
* Reduces shelf space
* Provides higher-level security
* Reduces errors
* Reduces overall cost of operations

Barriers of RFID Systems:

 Success of legacy technology: barcodes


 Cost of RFID tags

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