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Mass, Volume & Density: 8 Grade Physics

This document discusses concepts of mass, volume, density, and their relationships. It defines mass as a measure of the amount of matter in an object, volume as the space an object takes up, and density as the ratio of mass to volume. Density can be used to determine if an object will float or sink in water based on whether its density is greater than or less than that of water. Tools for measuring mass include balances and those for measuring volume include graduated cylinders. Examples are provided for calculating volume of regular and irregular objects and using the density formula.

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748 views19 pages

Mass, Volume & Density: 8 Grade Physics

This document discusses concepts of mass, volume, density, and their relationships. It defines mass as a measure of the amount of matter in an object, volume as the space an object takes up, and density as the ratio of mass to volume. Density can be used to determine if an object will float or sink in water based on whether its density is greater than or less than that of water. Tools for measuring mass include balances and those for measuring volume include graduated cylinders. Examples are provided for calculating volume of regular and irregular objects and using the density formula.

Uploaded by

Hani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mass, Volume & Density

8th Grade Physics

Revision From Grade 7


Length

• Length - the distance from end to end of an object


• Tools: Meter Stick , Metric Ruler
• Units: Meter (m), Centimeter (cm)
What is Mass?
-The amount of matter an object has.

-Unit of measurement = kg (S.I), g or mg


1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 g and 1g = 1000 mg

-What tool do we use to find mass?

Balance
MASS vs. WEIGHT

-Always remains constant - Depends on gravity

-Does not depend on gravity - Force of gravity on the object

-Mass - the amount of matter in an object - Changes if the gravity changes


(Matter - something that has mass and takes up space)
Volume
● Volume: is the amount of space that matter takes up

● Unit of measurement = m3 (S.I), cm3, L or mL.

● Volume can be in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas.

● There are three different types of volume:

1. Liquid Volume

2. Regular Volume

3. Irregular Volume
Volume of a Regular Solid Practice Problem
● Tools: Ruler or Meter Stick Volume = L x W x H
6 cm x 4 cm x 7 cm = 168 cm3
● Units: Centimeters Cubed (cm3)

● 1 cm3 = 1 mL
Liquid Volume

● Tool: Graduated Cylinder

● Units: milliliters (mL)


liters (L)
Volume of an Irregularly Shaped Solid
● Tool: Graduated Cylinder Water Displaced Method

● Units: Milliliters (mL) 1. Put a set quantity of water into the graduated
cylinder and note the starting volume
Centimeters Cubed (cm3)
2. Place the irregularly shaped object into the
graduated cylinder

3. The water will rise - record the new volume

4. The difference between the new and starting


volumes is the volume of the irregular object
Finding Volume of a Regular Shaped Object

-Volume of a cube = S×S×S


-Volume of a rectangular Prism = L x W x h
-Volume of a cylinder = πr2h
4𝜋𝑟3
-Volume of a sphere =
3
Let’s practice! Box : L = 20 cm, W = 10 cm, H = 5 cm
Did you say 1000 cm3?
Finding Volume of an Irregular Shaped Object
-Can’t use a ruler!!!

-Find volume by water displacement method.

-Volume of water with object – volume of water before object

-Don’t forget to read the graduated cylinder with your eye straight with
water’s Surface
What is the reading
on this graduated
cylinder?

56 ml
Last one!

23 ml
What is Density?
• Density is the amount of matter in a given space.

• Density is a physical property because it can be observed/measured without changing


the object.

• Density can be used to identify substances because no two substances have the same
density.

• Density does not depend on size or shape - the density of a single substance will
remain the same no matter the sample’s size or shape.
Density Formula
• Density is the amount of mass in a given space (volume).
• The formula for density is...
Mass
Density = ---------------
Volume
𝑘𝑔
• Units for density… The S.I unit of density is 𝑚3 , Some other used units:
• Solid = 𝑔/𝑐𝑚3
• Liquid = g/mL
Density Formula
M = mass V= volume D = density

M=DxV V=M/D D=M/V


Sink or Float
The Density of Water is 1 g/mL
An object/material will sink in water if it has a An object/material will float on water if has a
density greater than 1 g/mL. density less than 1 g/mL.

Practice Problem:
Will a material with a mass of 110 g and a volume of 312 𝑐𝑚3 float on or sink in water?

Claim:
Evidence:
Reasoning:
To find density:
1) Find the mass of the object
2) Find the volume of the object
3) Divide : Density = Mass -
Volume

Ex. If the mass of an object is 35 grams and it takes up 7 cm3


of space, calculate the density.
To find density:
1) Find the mass of the object
2) Find the volume of the object
3) Divide : Density = Mass -
Volume

Ex. If the mass of an object is 35 grams and it takes up 7 cm3


of space, calculate the density.

Set up your density problems like this:


Given: Mass = 35 grams Unknown: Density (g/ cm3)
Volume = 7 cm3
Solution: D = 35g/7 cm3
Formula: D = M / V
D = 5 g/cm3

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