NAME: Bea Banao

STRAND/GRADE/BLOCK: ABM 11-C

FINAL REQUIREMENT IN PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

1. What is research?
2. What is the importance of research?
3. Differentiate qualitative and quantitative research.
4. What are the types of qualitative research? Give a brief description.
5. Discuss how to select a topic
6. Discuss the steps in writing a research title.
7. Enumerate and give a brief description of Chapter 1
8. Explain Chapter 2

1. It is an experimentation or study of materials and resources in order to know facts and

reach new conclusions. It involves the analysis of the information to increase the
understanding of the topic or issue. 

2. The importance of research is to help us to develop our thinking and gain our
knowledge through studying a certain topic or issue. It gives us a reliable, systematic
way to consider our question.

3. Quantitative research is expressed in numbers and graphs. It is used to test or

confirm theories and assumptions. While, Qualitative research is expressed in words.
It is used to understand concepts, thoughts or experiences.

4. Phenomenology – It is used to study an event or activity as it happens, from various

angles. It is based on experience or perception research method.
Ethnography – It is one of the most popular methods of qualitative research, it
involves the researcher putting himself or herself into the daily life and routine of the
subject or subjects. Typically, ethnographer focuses on community.
Narrative – In this method the researcher gathers data or facts from one or two
subjects through interviews, documents etc. over a period of time.
Grounded Theory – It starts with a question or collection of data. Through systematic
data collection and analysis, repetitive ideas or elements are coded, and codes are
grouped or categorized. New theories may be formed based on these categories.
Case Study – It is used to gather detailed information about a subject. This method
can be explanatory or exploratory.
Historical – This method describes past events in order to understand present patterns
and anticipate future choices.
5. Brainstorming is a technique you can use to help you generate ideas. This can help to
come up with a research topic.

Ask yourself the following questions to help you generate topic ideas:

 Do you have a strong opinion on a current social or political controversy?

 Did you read or see a news story recently that has interested you?
 Do you have a personal issue, problem or interest that you would like to know more
about?
 Is there an aspect of one of your classes that you would like to learn more about?

Then choose 3 subjects or topics that make your interest and search for its background
information, see if one of those topics makes you have a broader, narrower, and related
issues.

6. STEP 1: Ask yourself these questions and make note of the answers
STEP 2: Use your answers to list key words.
STEP 3: Create a sentence that includes the key words you listed.
STEP 4: Delete all unnecessary/ repetitive words and link the remaining.
STEP 5: Delete non-essential information and reword the title. 

7. INTRODUCTION – Discusses 4 relevant ideas, the topic, importance, reason at its

purpose.

Chapter 1 is the introduction of a research paper, it includes background of the

study, research questions or objectives, significance of the study and lastly scope and
delimitations.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY – Consists of statements on what led the researcher to

continue the study. The problem must be as clearly as possible.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY – Who are to be benefited and how they are going to be
benefited. It must be shown who are the individuals, groups or communities who may
be placed in a position of the study.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS OR OBJECTIVES – These are questions which you aim to answer
during your research. The research questions are the same as the purpose of the study
in the form of research.
SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS – A brief statement of the general purpose of the study.
The population from which respondents were selected. This must be large enough to
make generalizations significant.

8. Chapter 2 presents the related literature and studies after a thorough and in-depth
investigation done by the researchers. It includes the introduction of the literature
review, related studies, synthesis and theoretical or conceptual framework.

The literature review is a comprehensive summary of previous research on a

topic. It is a survey of factual or nonfiction books, articles, and other documents
published on a particular subject.
The related studies include the ideas, finished thesis, generalization or
conclusions, methodologies and others.
 The synthesis is a process of combining the results of multiple
primary research studies aimed at testing the same conceptual hypothesis. It can also
be used in qualitative and quantitative research.

The theoretical framework is a study that is based on a theory or theories while

the conceptual framework, on the other hand, it is something that you can develop
yourself based on this theory.

Note: In answering the questions above, use your own words and cite your references.

What is research? Retrieve from https://www.hampshire.edu/dof/what-is-research

Why research is important? Retrieve from http://www.uniteforsight.org/research-

methodology/module6#:~:text=The%20purpose%20of%20research%20is,outside%20of%20the
%20research%20setting.

Daracan M. (2013, November 9). Chapter 2 of a research paper. Retrieve from

https://www.slideshare.net/EzhrihmCradan/chapter-2-28073663#:~:text=Chapter%202%20Reviews
%20of%20Related,similar%20to%20the%20present%20study.

Gonzaga, I. (2015, July 8). Chapter 1 of a research paper. Retrieve from

https://www.slideshare.net/sabsgonzaga/chapter-1-of-a-research-paper

Rajagopalan J. (2014, November 18). Steps on how to write a good research title. Retrieve from
https://www.editage.com/insights/5-simple-steps-to-write-a-good-research-paper-title

Streefkerk R. (2019, April 12). Difference between qualitative and quantitative research. Retrieve
from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/qualitative-quantitative-
research/#:~:text=Quantitative%20research%20deals%20with%20numbers%20and%20statistics%2C
%20while%20qualitative%20research,ideas%20and%20experiences%20in%20depth.

Vashishtha H. (2019, April 29). Types of qualitative research. Retrieve from

http://sixthfactor.com/2019/04/29/5-types-qualitative-research-methods/

How to select a topic. (2020, August 18). Retrieve from https://ggu.libguides.com/research

Chapter 2 of a research paper. (2012, November 28). Retrieve from

https://www.slideshare.net/arlene5162/chapter-2-15397993
 FINAL OUTPUT OF PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

(WRITTEN AND VIDEO PRESENTATION)

TITLE OF RESEARCH:

The Effects of Public Speaking Anxiety to Senior High School Students of Gordon
College

BRIEF INTRODUCTION:

Most people are not born public speakers; they are trained to become one. Public
speaking is a common activity for people. Lucas (2009) explains public speaking, as its name
implies, is a way of making your ideas public of sharing them with other people and of
influencing other people. All people have done public speaking. Public speaking itself is an
activity which requires people to speak in front of the public in order to deliver main ideas of
their speech. One of the main reasons for people to avoid public speaking is anxiety. Everyone
gets nervous about speaking publicly. In fact, most people list public speaking as one of their
biggest fears in life, even people who do it professionally (Learning Express Editor, 2010).
Most of them try to avoid situations where they have to perform or speak in public, but when
unavoidable, such situations are endured by distress. By studying the impact of public
speaking anxiety (PSA) on students, specifically those in Senior High School, the researchers
will have a deeper understanding of the issue.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

It is the goal of education to prepare individuals to become effective communicators

in a variety of environments, including the oral presentation situation. Unfortunately, public
speaking anxiety is now one of the most prevalent problems in the educational setting.

Public speaking anxiety or PSA is one of the most significant problems that impacts
most public speakers (Katz, 2008). To investigate this study, the researcher would like to
know about the way to overcome public speaking anxiety and various strategies used in
delivering the public speech in order to become a successful public speaker.

The main purpose is to further investigate some aspects of public speaking anxiety
(PSA) and the strategies for overcoming public speaking anxiety among the Senior High School
Students of Gordon College.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS:

1. Who has a greater amount of anxiety, male or female students, before giving a speech?

2. What can be done to help students reduce their anxiety in speaking publicly?

PREPARE A WRITE-UP OF HOW EXACTLY YOU ARE GOING TO DO AN OBSERVATION TO

GATHER DATA FOR YOUR OWN STUDY. (250 WORDS MINIMUM)

This qualitative research was conducted to study the effects of public speaking anxiety
to Senior High School students of Gordon College. To gather out the study, the researchers
will use questionnaires as the primary data collection tool. The questionnaire given to the
student participants are open-ended questions. Open-ended questions allow someone to give
a free-form answer. The researchers will focus on the student participants answers.

The questionnaire was completed without any personal identification except sex to
ensure anonymity and increase the probability of honest responses. We gathered 10 open-
ended questions about public speaking anxiety’s possible effects on students.

The researchers will take a total of 28 Senior High School students of Gordon College
as their respondents. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the survey will be posted on specific
online site. The respondents' answers will also be posted on the comment section.

The questionnaire includes the following questions:

1. What do you think about public speaking?

2. What do you feel when you are speaking in public?
3. What causes anxiety during public speaking?
4. What can you do to perform well during oral presentation assessments?
5. What do you feel after completing a public presentation?
6. What level of distress do you experience throughout and after the speech?
7. What would you feel when someone gives you a negative feedback on your
public presentation?
8. How comfortable you are to speak with others?
9. How will you avoid having an anxiety when it comes in public speaking?
10. How does being shy affect the fear of public speaking?
WRITE YOUR HYPOTHESIS ON WHAT WILL BE THE RESULT OF YOUR RESEARCH. JUSTIFY IT.

(In writing your hypothesis on the result of your study, include your statement of the
problem and the possible answers. Cite references in justifying your answers. You may also
include your recommendations)

H1: Who has a greater amount of anxiety, male or female students, before giving a speech?

Answer: Female students experienced more anxiety than male students while speaking in
public. Female students were more anxious than male students when expected to speak in
English language. Both genders experienced nervousness and panic when asked to speak
publicly and all students experienced significantly less anxiety after they had been taught
how to manage their distress, by means of affective strategies.

H2: What can be done to help students reduce their anxiety in speaking publicly?

Answer: If students are taught and made use of affective strategies, their stress will be
reduced. They are anxious because they do not recognize these strategies beforehand.
Teaching affective strategies to students appears to be an effective way to reduce anxiety in
public speaking. Teachers can also help students cope with their public speaking anxiety by
supporting their topic selection. They can guide them toward choosing a topic they enjoy.
When students are selecting a topic they already have background knowledge about, their
confidence increases.

References:

Gaibani, A., & Elmenfi, F. (2014, June). The Role of Gender in Influencing Public Speaking
Anxiety. Retrieve from http://ijgws.com/journals/ijgws/Vol_2_No_2_June_2014/6.pdf

Kruse, M. (2018, October 21). Public Speaking Anxiety: Tips for helping students cope.
Retrieve from https://www.readingandwritinghaven.com/public-speaking-anxiety-tips-for-
helping-students-cope/?fbclid=IwAR2TEgH2aZlFiytoXprMPAYmVawIf-
Rkd3_SOq4O1D5mkxK2Jo1ZsWmdGag