Bba 1
Bba 1
A good margin will vary considerably by industry, but as a general rule of thumb, a
10% net profit margin is considered average, a 20% margin is considered high (or
“good”), and a 5% margin is low.
Return on asset:
net income
return on asset=
total assets
=0.46%
Interpretation:
Return on equity:
= 9.98%
Interpretation:
=1.7289
Interpretation:
1
EPS indicates how much money a company makes for each share of its stock,
and is a widely used metric to estimate corporate value. A
higher EPS indicates greater value because investors will pay more for a
company's shares if they think the company has higher profits relative to its
share price
=5.6times
Interpret:
The P/E ratio shows what the market is willing to pay today for a stock based
on its past or future earnings. A high P/E could mean that a stock's price is
high relative to earnings and possibly overvalued.
=0.53times
Interpret:
A market-to-book ratio above 1 means that the company's stock is overvalued.
A ratio below 1 indicates that it may be undervalued; the reverse is the case for
the book-to-market ratio. Analysts can use either ratio to run a comparison on
the book and market value of a firm
2
Critical analysis:
Part 1
Interpretation:
From the above calculated figures, it has been assumed that the current ratio has
fluctuated over three years’ time span. As in the year 2018 SBL had the high ability to
meet its current liabilities from its current assets. Current ratio of 2019 posses’ low
3
ability to meet its current liabilities as compared to 2017-year ratio and then its lower
in 2019 that indicate the less liquid position of the bank.
IN 2017 working capital was low but in 2018 year it’s increased and then in 2019 it’s
more decreased. working capital indicates that the business has decreased current
assets and increased current liabilities. That is negative sign for SBL in 2019 year.
Bankers look at net working capital over time to determine a company’s ability to
weather financial crises.
Time Interest Earned ratio is an indicator of a company’s ability to meet the interest
payments on its debt. From the calculated figures, in 2018 0r 2019 SBL had high
times interest earned ratio so SBL had ability to meet its interest payments. In 2018
this ratio slightly decreased that’s mean SBL had been less able to meet its interest
payments on the debt
The amount of financial leverage implies risk to creditors and owners. In 2017 debt
ratio was 0.94 and it is same position in 2018 or 2019 debt ratio was 0.95
If debt ratio has increased that’s mean more debt in relation to equity. Above
calculations shows that SBL had low debt ratio in 2018 year that was positive point
for SBL. But in 2019 its increased from 2017, If debt ratio is increased that’s mean
more debt in relation to equity and SBL is being financed by creditors rather than by
internal positive cash flow which is dangerous trend. In 2019 its increased again
Total capitalization gets higher, so does risk and the chance of bankruptcy. For the
above figures, in 2018 year this ratio increase form 2017 year so a high ratio shows
that a company is financially weak; the burden of debt may increase default risk. In
2019 year, this ratio deceasing strongly that’s a pretty good situation of
capitalization.
This ratio is used for the measurement of the profitability of the bank whether bank
generate favorable profit or not. that is show in 2017-year net profit margin ratio
increased that indicates a more profitable bank that has better control over its costs
and in 2019&2018 this ratio decreasing strongly because of high sales overheads.
This particular ratio indicates how profitable a company is relative to its assets. ROA
ratio illustrates how well management is utilizing the company’s assets to make a
profit. In 2017 ROA ratio had higher so it was indicating higher the return, the more
efficient management was in utilizing its asset base. This ratio decreased in 2018 and
again slightly decreases in 2019.
4
Return on equity shows how much profit a bank earned in comparison to the total
amount of shareholder’s equity. In 2017 or 2018 SBL had 9.02% to 9.78% return on
equity that’s a pretty good state of SBL. But 2019 it’s slightly increase.
This particular ratio shows to measure a company’s efficiency in using its assets.
From the ratio, it’s showing that the total assets turnover is increasing in 2019 as
compared to previous and subsequent year and assets are utilizing efficiently.
Market ratios are commonly used by the investors to assess the performance of a
business as an investment and also the cost of issuing stock.
Horizontal analysis:
This method of analysis is simply comparing the same item in a company's financial
statements from two or more comparable periods, and then calculating the difference.
Horizontal analysis allows the assessment of relative changes in different items over
time. It also indicates the behavior of revenues, expenses, and other line items
of financial statements over the course of time. Accounting periods can be two or
more than two periods
BALANCE 2019 2018 2017
SHEET
Deferred tax 0 0 0
Assets
Liabilities
Liabilities against 0 0 0
assets subject to
finance lease
6
Soneri bank limited
HORIZONTAL ANALYSIS OF BALANCE SHEET
Dec 31 (2019,2018,2017,2016)
Interpretation of Horizontal Analysis of Balance Sheet of Soneri
Bank Limited:
Horizontal Analysis of the Bank Balance Sheet has been prepared by taking the year
2017 as the base year add the remaining years as compared to the base year. The most
liquid asset of the Bank such as cash and balances with treasury Bank has decreased
from the year 2018 to 2019 that is 34% in 2008 and 31% in 2019, whereas other
liquid assets such as balances with other Banks and lending to financial and other
institutions have shown an increasing trend such as balances with other Banks is 3%
in 2018 and 76% in 2019 and lending to financial institutions is -40% in 2018 and
-69% in 2019 show negative trend. The reason for this trend might be the uncertain
less rate of lending in other financial institution political and law and order situations
in Pakistan. All other assets such as mark-up accrued in local currency, rent and
repayments, suspense account, stamps on hand etc. shows an increasing trend as well
as fixed assets, advances and investment also have shown a positive trend. The overall
effect is increased in total assets.
Liabilities especially current liabilities have shown a significant decrease in 2010 to
2019. Bills payable decreases -1% in 2019 to -18% in 2018 and similarly Borrowings
from 26.9% to 17% and Deposits and other accounts from 15.4% to 15%. This
decrease in current liabilities depicts that the Bank is performing its operations un
7
successfully. Percentage of sub-ordinated loans is 0% in 2019 and 133% in 2018.
Other liabilities also decrease from 51% to 39%.
In the end the net assets increased from -3 to 12%. Soneri Bank Limited shows
progress in all fields including the financial position due to this the market share of
Soneri Bank also increases.
Balances with
76% 2.484503% 40%
other banks
Lending to
financial 18%
-69% -39.6977%
institutions
Deferred tax
0 0 0
Assets
Liabilities
8
accounts
Liabilities against
assets subject to 0 0 0
finance lease
Deferred tax
639% -87.1698% 18%
Liabilities
Share capital 0% 0% 0%
Surplus on
revaluation of 249% -74% -12%
asset
Unappropriated
11% 19% 5%
profit
12% -3% 1%
9
Total Income 41650 68% 24860 13% 21960 8%
10
ratios or indexes that may help us determine where the company currently stands in
relationship to where it wants to go.
The most common form of Vertical Analysis is using percentages to show one
account's relationship to another.
Balances with
0% 0% 0%
other banks
Lending to
financial 2%
0% 1%
institutions
Intangible Assets 0% 0% 0%
Deferred tax
0 0 0
Assets
Other Assets 3% 3% 3%
11
100% 100% 100%
Liabilities
Bill Payable 1% 1% 2%
Borrowing 22% 21% 20%
Liabilities against
assets subject to 0 0 0
finance lease
Subordinate debts 2% 2% 1%
Deferred tax
0% 0% 0%
Liabilities
Other Liabilities 3% 2% 2%
Share capital 2% 3% 3%
Reserves 1% 1% 1%
Surplus on
revaluation of 0 0 1%
asset
Unappropriated
11% 19% 5%
profit
13
Expense 30864 74% 14647 59% 12032 55%
Mark-up /
Return / Non
Interest
Expensed
Non mark-up / 8129 19% 7380 29% 7003 32%
interest
expenses
(Reversal) / (589) -1% (71) 0% 78 0%
Provisions and
write-offs - net
Taxation 1340 3% 1120 5% 1187 5%
14
Interpretation of Vertical Analysis of Income Statement of Soneri Bank Limited:
The vertical Analysis of the Income Statement indicates that the Net Mark-up for
the Soneri Bank is favorable and decrease from 34% to 32% and then decreases to
20.4% in 2019, the decrees is due to the higher interest rate this is a positive trend
because a bank principle revenue source is usually interest from loans and interest.
Total non-mark-up interest income as a percentage of profit shows a decreasing
trend and decreases from 11% to 10% in 2018 to 7% in 2019, usually falling
interest rates are positive for a bank’s interest and because of this bank profit
increases. Taxation for the bank increase from 2017 to 2019 Soneri Bank has
already achieved its target which is settled done by the higher authorities of the
bank. The bank income statement shows that the bank net income for the year
2019 has increased as compared to previous year.
The Soneri bank has achieved broad based growth in non-interest income during
the year just ended with all categories but mortgage banking income showing
improvements.
Interpretation:
15
Over all HBL got high rank in all banks their assets are more than others there share
price are higher than other banks.
A conclusion can be only being made if necessary information is provided about the
financial analysis of all banks can be viewed. In the light of information about these
banks which provided in this report the work performance, efficiency, quality of
customer services, market value and financial position of the HBL can be seen. It
made a consistent growth. In spite the of political change in the country, change in the
govt. policies external economic factor increase in inflation decrease in saving habits
of the people, more reliance on foreign loans, the HBL has sustained its profitable
position. After studying and a thorough financial analysis of HBL for latest years.
HBL growths in its assets 3 trillion which is a positive sign of growth of bank. The
liability of HBL had been decreased year by year as compared to total assets. On the
other hand, total equity of the HBL bank for the had increase because of the increase
in the net assets, and secondly the investor confidence on the banks increased which
in turn increase the intangible assets of the bank. i.e., Good will in this competitive
market. The return on equity (ROE) of the bank had shown fluctuation due to increase
inflationary pressure and computerization of different branches and expansion of new
branches within and outside the country. The financial analysis of Soneri bank or last
three years had shown remarkable growths in its assets have increased from which is a
positive sign of growth of bank. The liability of SNBL had been remained
consistently year by year as compared to total assets. On the other hand, total equity
of the SNBL had also been remained consistent because of the working capital, and
secondly the investor confidence on the bank because of government bank which
enhanced because of the trust of the investor which in turn increase the intangible
assets of the bank i.e. good will in this competitive market.
Future outlook:
SNBL team committed to taking the Bank to the next levels of success. Key features
of multi-pronged plan are as follows:
• Managements want to continue to invest in branches to make them more sales and
service oriented. Through introduction of new sales and service model, strengthened
transaction processing and leading financial products menu, aspire to achieve this
ambition.
16
• Not any organization can deliver without investing in its employees. In order to
achieve growth targets, management have to further strengthen reserve of talent and
leadership powered by a strong performance culture and training.
SWOT Analysis:
STRENGTH:
Soneri bank pays special attention to the SME sector thus resulting in a more
professional and focused approach for the profound sector. So there is more to
learn and serve for this important sector.
Job rotation for the staff in Soneri bank is a regular practice. It gives the
employees insight in all aspects of general banking thus making them quite
comprehensive about the minute details to be an effective banker
Growth in system share, increasing outreach & improving profitability. The Pakistan
Credit rating Agency Limited (PACRA) has maintained banks credit rating. SBL has
been awarded an “AA-” for long term and “A1+” for the short term and “A+” for the
Term Finance.
WEAKNESS:
17
No branches of Soneri bank are in any other country. So the bank has to
invite additional cost for communicator banking.
OPPORTUNITY:
SBL has launched another division know as Islamic Banking. This new
aspect will also attract a large number of people, who don’t want to
deal with interest bearing bank. If SBL keep focusing on advertisement
it would be good for organization, because promotions make people
know about the products of SBL. Management should also open new
branches is rural areas to capture market share. SBL can enjoy
handsome return its funding base by investing in capital markets in the
foreign countries.
Currently they open new branch in Lahore garden which are under
construction.
THREATS
In future the deposits of the bank will decreases. The number of banks
in Pakistan increasing with passage of time. Foreign bank like to open
their branches in Pakistan. So it would be threat for SBL.
18
SBL has also threat with different bank who are offering the same
product like
o Home finance
o Car Finance
o Running -Finance
o Education Loan
Soneri bank pays special attention to the SME sector and it is a healthy
practice but other sectors also need to be given proper attention and
priority as well because attention in one sector and negligence in the
other might create an imbalance.
Conclusion:
To summarize the things, I would like to say that in a short span of time Soneri bank
has been successful in achieving a land mark amongst all private banks of Pakistan. It
started its operations in 1992 as public limited company with paid up capital of
Rs.300 (M) approx. To develop Soneri Bank Limited into an aggressive and dynamic
financial institution having the capabilities to provide personalized service to the
customers with cutting edge technology and a wide range of products, and during the
process to ensure maximum return on assets with ultimate goal of serving the
economy and society.
These branches are located in commercial area These branches are located in
commercial areas They have clearly defined values and norms and they strictly
practice their norms and values.
Now with its focus on the SME sector it has been successful in grabbing attention of a
lot of potential customers. Also it is a bank with a lot of promises for new generation
who want to choose banking as a career. Performance for the sake of performance is
entertained and every individual is given opportunity to rise to higher levels of their
career by taking the test of Soneri bank which if passed is a guarantee to be appointed
directly which is a healthy practice for promoting banking. Also with a less crowded
management and board of directors there are fewer clashes of interests thus resulting
19
in whole and unified efforts for the betterment of the bank. So in the end I just want to
say that Soneri bank is a good place to be a banker and to excel in the banking field
with its promising facilities and services to the public.
o Increase in the number of branches both in rural and urban areas to cater the
needs of ever increasing no of potential clients: - More branches need to be
opened. Obviously suitability and other factors need to be considered but one
can never pluck the fruit out if not try for it. So unless more branches are not
opened more benefits cannot be obtained.
o I have felt that Soneri bank is not very much into advertisement of its services
and products. In this age of competition and mass media advertisement it is
hard for you to be prominent and distinguished. So unless an effective
marketing is not done people will fail to notice an organization even exists.
20
o Focusing the banking not only to SME but on other potential areas as well: - It
will be favorable to extend the circle of services to more areas of serving.
Because mass production ideas also can be applied to the services sector as
well.
References:
Newsletter
Brochures
https://www.scribd.com/doc/19646500/Internship-Report-Soneri-Bank-
limited
21
Annexures
22
23