Software Developer's Manual

ESC/P Command Reference

QL-1100/1110NWB
Version 1.00
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IMPORTANT - PLEASE READ CAREFULLY

Note

This documentation (“Documentation”) provides information that will assist you in controlling your Printer
QL-11XX (where “11XX” is the model name).
You may use the Documentation only if you first agree to the following conditions.
If you do not agree to the following conditions, you may not use the Documentation.

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 ESC/P Command Reference

Contents

Introduction ····························································································1
What is ESC/P? ·······················································································2
1. Using ESC/P Commands ······································································3
2. Examples of Using ESC/P Commands ···················································5
3. ESC/P Command Limitations ······························································ 10
3.1 Print area ............................................................................................... 10
3.2 Characters ............................................................................................. 14
3.2.1 Character sizes .............................................................................................14
3.2.2 Character pitches..........................................................................................15
3.3 Print position .......................................................................................... 16
3.3.1 Characters .....................................................................................................16
3.3.2 Bitmaps, barcodes and downloaded images...............................................16
3.3.3 Same line.......................................................................................................16
3.4 Line feed amount ................................................................................... 17
4. Control Code List··············································································· 18
5. Control Command Details··································································· 22
5.1 Character/style selection commands ..................................................... 22
ESC R Select international character set .....................................................22
ESC q Select character style ........................................................................23
ESC k Select font ..........................................................................................24
ESC t Select character code set .................................................................24
5.2 Text printing commands ......................................................................... 25
ESC 4 Apply italic style .................................................................................25
ESC 5 Cancel italic style ...............................................................................25
ESC E Apply bold style .................................................................................26
ESC F Cancel bold style ...............................................................................26
ESC G Apply double-strike printing...............................................................27
ESC H Cancel double-strike printing ............................................................27
ESC P Apply pica pitch (10 cpi) ....................................................................28
ESC M Apply elite pitch (12 cpi) ....................................................................29
ESC g Apply micron pitch .............................................................................30
ESC p Specify proportional characters ........................................................31
ESC W Specify double-width characters.......................................................31
SO Specify auto-canceling stretched characters ...................................32
ESC SO Specify auto-canceling stretched characters ...................................32
SI Specify compressed characters........................................................33
ESC SI Specify compressed characters........................................................33
DC2 Cancel compressed characters ........................................................34
DC4 Cancel auto-canceling double-width characters ..............................34
ESC – Apply/cancel underlining ...................................................................35
ESC ! Global formatting ...............................................................................36
ESC SP Specify character spacing .................................................................37
ESC X Specify character size .......................................................................38
5.3 Line feed commands.............................................................................. 39
ESC 0 Specify line feed of 1/8 inch ..............................................................39
ESC 2 Specify line feed of 1/6 inch ..............................................................39
ESC 3 Specify minimum line feed ................................................................40
ESC A Specify line feed of n/60 inch ............................................................40
5.4 Horizontal movement commands........................................................... 41
ESC l Specify left margin .............................................................................41

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC Q Specify right margin ...........................................................................43

CR Carriage return...................................................................................44
ESC D Specify horizontal tab position ..........................................................45
HT Perform horizontal tab .......................................................................46
ESC $ Specify absolute horizontal position .................................................47
ESC \ Specify relative horizontal position ...................................................47
ESC a Specify alignment ..............................................................................48
5.5 Vertical movement commands ............................................................... 49
LF Line feed ............................................................................................49
FF Page feed...........................................................................................49
ESC J Forward paper feed ...........................................................................50
ESC B Specify vertical tab position...............................................................51
VT Perform vertical tab ...........................................................................52
ESC (V Specify absolute vertical position......................................................53
ESC (v Specify relative vertical position........................................................54
5.6 Paper formatting commands .................................................................. 55
ESC (c Specify page format...........................................................................55
ESC (C Specify page length ...........................................................................56
5.7 Printer control commands ...................................................................... 57
ESC @ Initialize ..............................................................................................57
5.8 Graphics commands .............................................................................. 58
ESC * Select bit image .................................................................................58
ESC K 8-dot single-density bit image ...........................................................64
ESC L 8-dot double-density bit image..........................................................65
ESC Y 8-dot double-speed double-density bit image ..................................66
ESC Z 8-dot quadruple-density bit image ....................................................66
5.9 Advanced commands............................................................................. 67
ESC i B Barcode..............................................................................................67
ESC i Q 2D barcode (QR Code) .....................................................................71
ESC i P Specify QR Code version..................................................................74
ESC i V 2D barcode (PDF417) .......................................................................75
ESC i D 2D barcode (DataMatrix)...................................................................78
ESC i M 2D barcode (MaxiCode) ....................................................................81
ESC i J 2D barcode (Aztec) ...........................................................................83
ESC i F Print downloaded data ......................................................................85
ESC i a Switch command mode .....................................................................89
ESC i S Status information request ................................................................90
ESC i L Specify landscape orientation ...........................................................92
ESC i C Specify cutting....................................................................................93
5.10 Advanced static commands ................................................................. 94
ESC iXQ2 Select default character style............................................................94
ESC iXQ1 Retrieve default character style ........................................................95
ESC iXk2 Select default font..............................................................................96
ESC iXk1 Retrieve default font ..........................................................................97
ESC iXX2 Specify default character size ...........................................................98
ESC iXX1 Retrieve default character size .........................................................99
ESC iX32 Specify default line feed ....................................................................99
ESC iX31 Retrieve default line feed ................................................................100
ESC iXA2 Select default alignment ..................................................................100
ESC iXA1 Retrieve default alignment ..............................................................101
ESC iX(2 Specify default page length .............................................................102
ESC iX(1 Retrieve default page length ...........................................................102
ESC iXL2 Select default landscape orientation ..............................................103
ESC iXL1 Retrieve default landscape orientation...........................................103
ESC iXj2 Select default international character set.......................................104

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iXj1 Retrieve default international character set ...................................105

ESC iXm2 Select default character code set ...................................................106
ESC iXm1 Retrieve default character code set................................................106
Appendix A: Character Code Tables ····················································· 107
Character code tables ................................................................................ 107
International character set table ................................................................. 110
Appendix B: Introducing the Brother Developer Center ························· 111

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 ESC/P Command Reference

Introduction
This material provides the necessary information for directly controlling QL-11XX.
This information is provided assuming that the user has full understanding of the operating system being used
and basic mastery of communication interfaces in a developer's environment.
Read the model names that appear in the screens in this manual as the name of your printer.

We accept no responsibility for any problems caused by programs that you develop using the information
provided in this material, affecting software, data or hardware, including the QL-11XX, and any problems
resulting directly or indirectly from them. Use this material only if you accept these terms.

This material shall not be reproduced, in part or in full, without prior approval. In addition, this material shall
not be used as evidence in a lawsuit or dispute in a way that is unfavorable towards our company.

These ESC/P commands have been adapted specifically for this company.

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Introduction
 ESC/P Command Reference

What is ESC/P?
ESC/P is one type of control codes used for printers. With the codes introduced in this document, various
labels can be created and printed. In this document, ESC/P codes are provided as both ASCII and binary
codes.
When sending codes to the printer, make sure that the binary codes are used, otherwise the printer cannot
parse the codes.

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What is ESC/P?
 ESC/P Command Reference

1. Using ESC/P Commands

Below is a description of the flow for creating documents.
Also refer to “2. Examples of Using ESC/P Commands”.

(1) Start ESC/P

1. Switch the command mode. - Switch command mode (ESC i a)

2. Initialize - Initialize (ESC @)

(2) Format settings

1. Select the orientation. - Specify landscape orientation (ESC i L)

2. Specify the page size. - Specify page length (ESC ( C)

3. Specify print area. - Specify page format (ESC ( c)

- Specify left/right margins (ESC I, ESC Q)

4. Specify the line feed amount. - Specify line feed amount (ESC 0, ESC 2, ESC 3, ESC A)

5. Specify tab positions. - Specify horizontal tab position (ESC D)

- Specify vertical tab position (ESC B)

(3) Print operations

1. Specify the print position. - Specify the vertical position (ESC ( v, ESC ( V, VT, ESC J)
- Specify the horizontal position (ESC $, ESC \, HT, ESC a)

2. Transfer the print data - Transfer necessary text operation codes (see (4)), bit images,
(one line). barcodes, and downloaded data (see (5))

3. End of the line. - Feed the paper (CR, LF)

4. Repeat 1–3 above.

5. End of the page. - Specify cutting (ESC i C)

- Feed the page (FF)

6. Repeat 1–5 above.

7. End of the document.

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1. Using ESC/P Commands
 ESC/P Command Reference

(4) Text operations

1. Specify the character set. - Select font (ESC k)

- Select character code (ESC t)
- Select international character set (ESC R)
- Specify character size (ESC X)
- Specify the character spacing (ESC P, ESC M, ESC g, ESC SP)

2. Specify the character style. - Specify character style

(ESC 4, ESC 5, ESC E, ESC F, ESC G, ESC H, ESC W, SO,
ESC SO, SI, ESC SI, DC2, DC4, ESC -, ESC !)

3. Specify character codes.

Repeat 1–3 above as necessary.

(5) Image data

1. Specify bit images. - (ESC *, ESC K, ESC L, ESC Y, ESC Z)

2. Specify barcodes. - (ESC i B)

3. Specify 2D barcodes. - (ESC i Q, ESC i V, ESC i D, ESC i M)

4. Print the downloaded data - (ESC i F)

Downloaded image data must first be downloaded and saved on
the printer.

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1. Using ESC/P Commands
 ESC/P Command Reference

2. Examples of Using ESC/P Commands

This is the label that will be made.

Step 2:

2 inches Page length

Step 1:
Step 4:
Landscape 0.9 inch
Vertical position

0.5 inch
Step 5:
Step 3: Font type: Helsinki
Horizontal position (proportional pitch)

Step 6:
Character size: 50 dots

In order to make this label, the following six steps are required after entering ESC/P mode.

Step 1: Select the landscape orientation.

Entered command n

ESC i L 01h

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2. Examples of Using ESC/P Commands
 ESC/P Command Reference

Step 2: Specify the page length.

2 inches

2 inches=600 dots
*The page length does not include the margins.
600 dots–72 dots=528 dots
For the margins, subtract 6 mm (72 dots) from the page length.

Page length=mL+mH*256=528 Entered command nL nH mL mH

= =

= =

16 2 ESC ( C 02h 00h 10h 02h

10h 02h

Step 3: Specify the horizontal position.

0.5 inch

0.5 inch=150 dots

Horizontal position=n1+n2*256=150 Entered command n1 n2
= =
= =

150 0
ESC $ 96h 00h
96h 00h

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2. Examples of Using ESC/P Commands
 ESC/P Command Reference

Step 4: Specify the vertical position.

0.9 inch

0.9 inch=270 dots

Vertical position=mL+mH*256+18 dots=270 Entered command nL nH mL mH
= =

= =

252 0 ESC ( V 02h 00h FCh 00h

FCh 00h

Step 5: Select the font type.

Font type: Helsinki

(proportional pitch)

Entered command n
n=11=0Bh
ESC k 0Bh

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2. Examples of Using ESC/P Commands
 ESC/P Command Reference

Step 6: Specify the character size.

Character size: 50 dots

Character size=nL+nH*256=50 dots Entered command m nL nH

= =
= =

50 0 ESC X 00h 32h 00h

32h 00h

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2. Examples of Using ESC/P Commands
 ESC/P Command Reference

All commands together will make the example label shown below.

Select ESC/P mode

Binary command: 1B 69 61 00
ESC i a 00h
ESC @ Initialize ESC/P mode
ESC i L 01h Binary command: 1B 40
ESC ( C 02h 00h 10h 02h
ESC $ 96h 00h 6 steps explained above

ESC ( V 02h 00h FCh 00h

Text to be print
ESC k 0Bh
Binary command: 41 74 20 79 6F 75
ESC X 00h 32h 00h
72 20 73 69 64 65
At your side
FF Print start command
Binary command: 0C

However, these commands should be converted to binary data before sent to the printer, as shown below.
Here is the captured converted binary data.

When the printer receives above binary commands, the label shown below is printed.

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2. Examples of Using ESC/P Commands
 ESC/P Command Reference

3. ESC/P Command Limitations

3.1 Print area

The printing media are die-cut labels and continuous length tape.
The area that can physically be printed on depends on the size and type of the print media.
Die-cut labels

Top margin Bottom margin

Unprintable area
Space above
physically printable
area

Top margin position

Space left of (TOF position)
physically printable
area

Physically printable
area
Left margin

Right margin Unprintable area

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3. ESC/P Command Limitations
 ESC/P Command Reference

The print area for each media is described below.

Print area

(9) Label
(2) Label length spacing
No.1296
(3) Top margin

Thermal head
printable area
(7) Height of
(1) Label width

Printable area

(4) Bottom margin

(5) Left margin (8) Length of printable area (6) Right margin
No.001

The maximum length of continuous length label is 1 meter.

Head-
Sensor Applied Drive
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
No. Forced Head No.
segmenting

Standard Address 1 No 29mm 90.3mm 1.5mm 3mm 25.92mm 83.94mm 941 – 1246

Large Address 2 No 38mm 90.3mm 1.5mm 3mm 34.98mm 83.94mm 828 - 1240

Small Address 3 No 62mm 28.93mm 1.5mm 3mm 58.95mm 22.95mm 545 – 1240

Sipping 4 No 62mm 100.36mm 1.5mm 3mm 58.95mm 93.93mm 545 – 1240

Multi purpose 5 No 17mm 54.32mm 1.5mm 3mm 13.98mm 47.94mm 1088 – 1252

File Folder 6 No 17mm 87.13mm 1.5mm 3mm 13.98mm 80.97mm 1088 – 1252

CD/DVD (MKP) 7 Yes 58.29mm 58.29mm 3mm 3mm 52.26mm 52.26mm 585 – 1201

Die Cut Labels

8 No 29mm 42.1mm 1.5mm 3mm 25.92mm 36mm 941 – 1246
29mmx42mm

Die Cut Labels

9 No 62mm 42.1mm 1.5mm 3mm 58.95mm 36mm 941 – 1240
62mmx42mm

Die Cut Labels

10 No 52mm 28.93mm 1.5mm 3mm 48.96mm 22.95mm 675 – 1252
52mmX29mm

Continuous Length
Paper 62 Postage
11 No 62mm - 1.5mm 3mm 58.95mm - 545 - 1240
Print
(only for U.S.A)

Square Paper
12 No 23.0mm 23.03mm 1.5mm 3mm 19.99mm 17.11mm 976 - 1211
(23mm)

(continued to the next page)

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3. ESC/P Command Limitations
 ESC/P Command Reference

continued from the previous page)

Head-
Sensor Applied Drive
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
No. Forced Head No.
segmenting

Die Cut Labels

13 No 39mm 47.98mm 1.5mm 3mm 36mm 41.93mm 822 - 1246
39mmX48mm

Postage Print
14 No 32.9mm 47.62mm 1.5mm 3mm 29.9mm 41.59mm 858 – 1210
(only for U.S.A)

Die Cut Labels

16 No 60mm 86.78mm 1.5mm 3mm 56.92mm 80.80mm 557 – 1228
60mmX86mm

Round Paper 17 No 12.0mm 12.0mm 2mm 2mm 7.96mm 7.96mm 1047 – 1140

Round Paper 18 No 24.0mm 24.0mm 2mm 2mm 19.99mm 19.99mm 976 – 1211

Continuous Length
19 No 38mm - 1.5mm 3mm 34.98mm - 828 – 1240
Paper (38mm)

Continuous Length
20 No 29mm - 1.5mm 3mm 25.92mm - 941 – 1246
Paper (29mm)

Continuous Length
21 No 62mm - 1.5mm 3mm 58.95mm - 545 – 1240
Paper (62mm)

Continuous Length
22 Yes 29mm - 1.5mm 3mm 25.92mm - 941 – 1246
Film-White (29mm)

Continuous Length
23 Yes 62mm - 1.5mm 3mm 58.95mm - 545 – 1240
Film-White (62mm)

Continuous Length
24 Yes 62mm - 1.5mm 3mm 58.95mm - 545 – 1240
Film-Yellow (62mm)

Continuous Length
25 Yes 62mm - 1.5mm 3mm 58.95mm - 545 – 1240
Film-Clear (62mm)

Continuous Length
26 No 12mm - 1.5mm 3mm 8.98mm - 1117 – 1222
Paper (12mm)

Continuous Length
27 No 50 mm - 1.5mm 3mm 46.92mm - 687 – 1240
Paper (50mm)

Continuous Length
2.5mm/
Non-Adhesive 28 Yes 54mm - 3mm 49.97mm - 663 – 1252
1.5mm
Paper (54mm)

Die Cut Labels

38 No 103.6mm 164.3mm 1mm 5mm 101.64mm 154.32mm 59-1258
103mmX164mm

(continued to the next page)

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3. ESC/P Command Limitations
 ESC/P Command Reference

continued from the previous page)

Head-
Sensor Applied Drive
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
No. Forced Head No.
segmenting

Continuous Length
39 No 103.6 mm - 1mm 3mm 101.64mm - 59 – 1258
Paper (103mm)

Die Cut Labels

45 No 101.6mm 50.51mm 1.5mm 3mm 98.59mm 44.47mm 77 - 1240
102mmX51mm

Die Cut Labels

46 No 101.6mm 152.75mm 1.5mm 6mm 98.59mm 140.6mm 77 – 1240
102mmX153mm

Continuous Length
57 No 101.6 mm - 1.5mm 3mm 98.59mm - 77 – 1240
Paper (102mm)

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3. ESC/P Command Limitations
 ESC/P Command Reference

3.2 Characters

This system uses single-byte character codes and is installed with five bitmap fonts (Brougham, Letter Gothic
Bold, Brussels, Helsinki and San Diego) as well as three outline fonts (Letter Gothic Bold, Brussels and
Helsinki.
Fixed pitch or proportional pitch (PS pitch) can be specified for any of the fonts.
However, there are fonts that are better with a fixed pitch and fonts that are better with a proportional pitch (PS
pitch).
The fonts that are better with a fixed pitch are: Brougham and Letter Gothic Bold.
The fonts that are better with a proportional pitch are: Brussels, Helsinki and San Diego.
Each of the five bitmap fonts has three sizes: 24 dots, 32 dots and 48 dots.

3.2.1 Character sizes

Each font is available in full size, compressed size (half width), double width, double height and half width,
double height, and quadruple size.

Full size Half width Double width Double height Double height Quadruple size
and half width

The actual character size is slightly smaller than the nominal size (the parameter value received with the size
command). This varies depending on the font.
Nominal (dots) 24 32 48

Height (dots) 21 28 44

Width (dots) 11 16 26
The above example is for Brougham (full size, no character styles applied).

The line-drawing characters (┘└ ┤─ ├ │ ┼ ┬ ┐┌ , etc.) and shaded characters have the Brougham font
applied regardless of the specified font and pitch (proportional or fixed) settings.

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3. ESC/P Command Limitations
 ESC/P Command Reference

3.2.2 Character pitches

Pitch refers to the spacing between neighboring characters.

When characters are arranged with a fixed pitch, they will be evenly spaced.
If characters extend over several lines, they will align in straight rows.

abc a b c

Fixed spacing Fixed spacing

When characters are arranged with a proportional pitch, the spacing will vary depending on the character.
(For example, “W” is wide but “I” is narrow.)
As a result, the excess space between characters is eliminated and the text appears more compact.

I W C I W C

Variable spacing Variable spacing

If a fixed pitch is applied to a font that is better with a proportional pitch, all characters are given the same
width as the widest character in the font.

IW C I W C

Variable spacing Fixed spacing

I W C I W C

Variable spacing Fixed spacing

This makes it possible to evenly space the characters of a proportional-pitch font without having to change the
font.
If a proportional pitch is applied to a font that is better with a fixed pitch, all characters are given the same
width, appearing the same as with a fixed pitch.

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3. ESC/P Command Limitations
 ESC/P Command Reference

3.3 Print position

The print position is the standard position for printing characters, bitmaps, and barcodes.
There is a horizontal print position and vertical print position, which are the reference points for vertical
position movement and horizontal position movement.

3.3.1 Characters

Characters are arranged with their top edges aligned with the print position.
The baseline of each character is the bottom edge of the character, regardless of size, font, etc.

Print position

A Baseline position

All characters on a single line are printed with a baseline positions that is the same for each character.
If a single line consists of characters with different heights, the characters are aligned with the baseline of
the tallest character on the line.

Print position

A A A Baseline position

Underlines are drawn 4 dots below the baseline position.

3.3.2 Bitmaps, barcodes and downloaded images

These types of image data are treated in the same way as characters and are printed with the bottom
edge of the image aligned with the baseline.

3.3.3 Same line

Characters and images are considered to be on the same line, even if they are separated by tabs.
Horizontal movement to the right between characters or images is regarded as being on the same line;
however, horizontal movement to the left is regarded as being on separate lines if wrapping occurs.

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3. ESC/P Command Limitations
 ESC/P Command Reference

3.4 Line feed amount

The amount of line feed is the amount of vertical movement from the print position of one line to the print
position of the next line.

HHHHHHHHHHHHH Line feed amount

HHHHHHHHHHHHH
HHHHHHHHHHHHH

The line feed amount is specified with ESC 0, ESC 2, ESC A, and ESC 3.

 Within a single line of text, the tallest character is determined, and the baseline is moved so that the top
edge of that character is at the vertical print position.
 The tallest character within a line becomes the line height.
 If characters are underlined, 4 dots are added to the line height.
 If the line height is greater than the specified line feed amount, the line height is used as the actual line
feed amount.
In this way, even if the specified line feed amount is small, the upper and lower lines will not overlap.

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3. ESC/P Command Limitations
 ESC/P Command Reference

4. Control Code List

Character/style selection commands (Refer to section 5.1 Character/style selection commands.)
ASCII Code Binary Code Description
ESC R 1B 52 Select international character set
ESC q 1B 71 Select character style
ESC k 1B 6B Select font
ESC t 1B 74 Select character code set

Text printing commands (Refer to section 5.2 Text printing commands.)

ASCII Code Binary Code Description
ESC 4 1B 34 Apply italic style
ESC 5 1B 35 Cancel italic style
ESC E 1B 45 Apply bold style
ESC F 1B 46 Cancel bold style
ESC G 1B 47 Apply double-strike printing
ESC H 1B 48 Cancel double-strike printing
ESC P 1B 50 Apply pica pitch (10 cpi)
ESC M 1B 4D Apply elite pitch (12 cpi)
ESC g 1B 67 Apply micron pitch
ESC p 1B 70 Specify proportional characters
ESC W 1B 57 Specify double-width characters
SO 0E Specify auto-canceling stretched characters
ESC SO 1B 0E Specify auto-canceling stretched characters
SI 0F Specify compressed characters
ESC SI 1B 0F Specify compressed characters
DC2 12 Cancel compressed characters
DC4 14 Cancel auto-canceling double-width characters
ESC - 1B 2D Apply/cancel underlining
ESC ! 1B 21 Global formatting
ESC SP 1B 20 Specify character spacing
ESC X 1B 58 Specify character size

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4. Control Code List
 ESC/P Command Reference

Line feed commands (Refer to section 5.3 Line feed commands.)

ASCII Code Binary Code Description
ESC 0 1B 30 Specify line feed of 1/8 inch
ESC 2 1B 32 Specify line feed of 1/6 inch
ESC 3 1B 33 Specify minimum line feed
ESC A 1B 41 Specify line feed of n/60 inch

Horizontal movement commands (Refer to section 5.4 Horizontal movement commands.)

ASCII Code Binary Code Description
ESC l 1B 6C Specify left margin
ESC Q 1B 51 Specify right margin
CR 0D Carriage return
ESC D 1B 44 Specify horizontal tab position
HT 09 Perform horizontal tab
ESC $ 1B 24 Specify absolute horizontal position
ESC \ 1B 5C Specify relative horizontal position
ESC a 1B 61 Specify alignment

Vertical movement commands (Refer to section 5.5 Vertical movement commands.)

ASCII Code Binary Code Description
LF 0A Line feed
FF 0C Page feed
ESC J 1B 4A Forward paper feed
ESC B 1B 42 Specify vertical tab position
VT 0B Perform vertical tab
ESC ( V 1B 28 56 Specify absolute vertical position
ESC ( v 1B 28 76 Specify relative vertical position

Paper formatting commands (Refer to section 5.6 Paper formatting commands.)

ASCII Code Binary Code Description
ESC ( c 1B 28 63 Specify page format
ESC ( C 1B 28 43 Specify page length

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 ESC/P Command Reference

Printer control commands (Refer to section 5.7 Printer control commands.)

ASCII Code Binary Code Description
ESC @ 1B 40 Initialize (defaults)

Graphics commands (Refer to section 5.8 Graphics commands.)

ASCII Code Binary Code Description
ESC * 1B 2A Select bit image
ESC K 1B 4B 8-dot single-density bit image
ESC L 1B 4C 8-dot double-density bit image
ESC Y 1B 59 8-dot double-speed double-density bit image
ESC Z 1B 5A 8-dot quadruple-density bit image

Advanced commands (Refer to section 5.9 Advanced commands.)

ASCII Code Binary Code Description
ESC i B 1B 69 42 Barcode
ESC i Q 1B 69 51 2D barcode (QR Code)
ESC i P 1B 69 50 Specify QR Code version
ESC i V 1B 69 56 2D barcode (PDF417)
ESC i D 1B 69 44 2D barcode (DataMatrix)
ESC i M 1B 69 4D 2D barcode (MaxiCode)
ESC i J 1B 69 4A 2D barcode (Aztec)
ESC i F 1B 69 46 Print downloaded data
ESC i a 1B 69 61 Switch command mode
ESC i S 1B 69 53 Status information request
ESC i L 1B 69 4C Specify landscape orientation
ESC i C 1B 69 43 Specify cutting

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 ESC/P Command Reference

Advanced static commands (Refer to section 5.10 Advanced static commands.)

ASCII Code Binary Code Description
ESC iXQ2 1B 69 58 51 32 Select default character style
ESC iXQ1 1B 69 58 51 31 Retrieve default character style
ESC iXk2 1B 69 58 6B 32 Select default font
ESC iXk1 1B 69 58 6B 31 Retrieve default font
ESC iXX2 1B 69 58 58 32 Specify default character size
ESC iXX1 1B 69 58 58 31 Retrieve default character size
ESC iX32 1B 69 58 33 32 Specify default line feed
ESC iX31 1B 69 58 33 31 Retrieve default line feed
ESC iXA2 1B 69 58 41 32 Select default alignment
ESC iXA1 1B 69 58 41 31 Retrieve default alignment
ESC iX(2 1B 69 58 28 32 Specify default page length
ESC iX(1 1B 69 58 28 31 Retrieve default page length
ESC iXL2 1B 69 58 4C 32 Select default landscape orientation
ESC iXL1 1B 69 58 4C 31 Retrieve default landscape orientation
ESC iXj2 1B 69 58 6A 32 Select default international character set
ESC iXj1 1B 69 58 6A 31 Retrieve default international character set
ESC iXm2 1B 69 58 6D 32 Select default character code set
ESC iXm1 1B 69 58 6D 31 Retrieve default character code set

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 ESC/P Command Reference

5. Control Command Details

5.1 Character/style selection commands

ESC R Select international character set

ASCII: ESC R n
Decimal: 27 82 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 52 n

Parameters
0≤n≤13, 64

Description
 Selects the character set, and switches some of the character codes in the code table according to the
value of n.
n=0: U.S.A.
n=1: France
n=2: Germany
n=3: U.K.
n=4: Denmark I
n=5: Sweden
n=6: Italy
n=7: Spain I
n=8: Japan
n=9: Norway
n=10: Denmark II
n=11: Spain II
n=12: Latin America
n=13: South Korea
n=64: Legal
 The following 12 codes are switched.
23h, 24h, 40h, 5Bh, 5Ch, 5Dh, 5Eh, 60h, 7Bh, 7Ch, 7Dh, 7Eh
 The default setting is n=0 (U.S.A.)

Example
Code: 5Ch ESC R 08h 5Ch FF
Print result: \ ￥

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC q Select character style

ASCII: ESC q n
Decimal: 27 113 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 71 n

Parameters
0≤n≤3

Description
 Selects the character style.
n=0: None (normal characters)
n=1: Outline
n=2: Shadow
n=3: Shadow and outline

Example
Code: ABC ESC q 03h ABC ESC q 00h ABC FF
ABCABC
Print result: ABCA

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC k Select font

ASCII: ESC k n
Decimal: 27 107 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 6B n

Parameters
0≤n≤4, 9≤n≤11

Description
 Selects the font.
Bitmap Fonts Outline Fonts

n=0 Brougham (fixed pitch) n=9 Letter Gothic (fixed pitch)

n=1 Letter Gothic Bold (fixed pitch) n=10 Brussels (proportional pitch)

n=2 Brussels (proportional pitch) n=11 Helsinki (proportional pitch)

n=3 Helsinki (proportional pitch)

n=4 San Diego (proportional pitch)

 The default value is n=0 (Brougham (fixed pitch)).
 If the font is changed from a bitmap font to outline font, the character size is changed to the default setting
(42 dots).
 If the font is changed from an outline font to bitmap font, the character size is changed to default setting
(32 dots).

ESC t Select character code set

ASCII: ESC t n
Decimal: 27 116 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 74 n

Parameters
n=0, 1, 2

Description
 From the three built-in character code sets, selects the character code set used.
n=0: Standard character code set
n=1: Eastern European character code set
n=2: Western European character code set
n=3: (Reserved)
 The default setting is n=2.

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 ESC/P Command Reference

5.2 Text printing commands

ESC 4 Apply italic style

ASCII: ESC 4
Decimal: 27 52
Hexadecimal: 1B 34

Parameters
None

Description
 Prints the subsequent text in italics.
 This command is valid anywhere in a text line.

ESC 5 Cancel italic style

ASCII: ESC 5
Decimal: 27 53
Hexadecimal: 1B 35

Parameters
None

Description
 Cancels the italic character style.
 This command is valid anywhere in a text line.

Example
Code: ABC ESC 4 DEF ESC 5 GHI FF
Print result: ABCDEFGHI

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC E Apply bold style

ASCII: ESC E
Decimal: 27 69
Hexadecimal: 1B 45

Parameters
None

Description
 Prints the subsequent text in bold.
 This command is valid anywhere in a text line.

ESC F Cancel bold style

ASCII: ESC F
Decimal: 27 70
Hexadecimal: 1B 46

Parameters
None

Description
 Cancels the bold style.
 This command is valid anywhere in a text line.

Example
Code: ABC ESC E DEF ESC F GHI FF
Print result: ABCDEFGHI

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC G Apply double-strike printing

ASCII: ESC G
Decimal: 27 71
Hexadecimal: 1B 47

Parameters
None

Description
 Prints the subsequent text in bold.
 This command is valid anywhere in a text line.

ESC H Cancel double-strike printing

ASCII: ESC H
Decimal: 27 72
Hexadecimal: 1B 48

Parameters
None

Description
 Cancels the bold style.
 This command is valid anywhere in a text line.

Example
Code: ABC ESC G DEF ESC H GHI FF
Print result: ABCDEFGHI

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC P Apply pica pitch (10 cpi)

ASCII: ESC P
Decimal: 27 80
Hexadecimal: 1B 50

Parameters
None

Description
 Prints the subsequent text with the pica pitch (10 characters/inch).
 The character spacing is 30 dots (=300 dots/10 characters).
 If the character width is 30 dots or less, the character spacing is specified as 30 minus the character width.
 If the character width exceeds 30 dots, the character spacing is specified as the character width.
(The spacing between characters is 0 dot.)
In this case, the pitch does not exactly equal the pica pitch.
 With double-width characters, the character spacing is doubled (60 dots).
 With half-width characters, the character spacing is halved (15 dots).
 When the character spacing is changed with ESC SP, the setting is updated.
 This command is invalid when proportional pitch is selected.
 In outline fonts, the spacing between characters is 0 dot.
Full Width Double Width Half Width
Setting (dots)
24 32 48 24 32 48 24 32 48

Brougham 11 16 26 22 32 52 6 8 13

Letter Gothic
10 14 22 20 28 44 5 7 11
Width (dots)

Bold

Brussels 25 35 56 50 70 112 13 18 28

Helsinki 21 28 44 42 56 88 11 14 22

San Diego 24 35 57 48 70 114 12 18 29

The above table refers to characters with a fixed pitch. (Applying styles may increase the size.)

Example
For a 24-dot font at full width:

Full width Double width

24 dots 48 dots

Ａ Ｂ Ａ Ｂ
6 dots 12 dots

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC M Apply elite pitch (12 cpi)

ASCII: ESC M
Decimal: 27 77
Hexadecimal: 1B 4D

Parameters
None

Description
 Prints the subsequent text with the elite pitch (12 characters/inch).
 The character spacing is 25 dots (=300 dots/12 characters).
 If the character width is 25 dots or less, the character spacing is specified as 25 minus the character width.
 If the character width exceeds 25 dots, the character spacing is specified as the character width.
(The spacing between characters is 0 dot.)
In this case, the pitch does not exactly equal the elite pitch.
 With double-width characters, the character spacing is doubled (50 dots).
 With half-width characters, the character spacing is halved (13 dots).
 When the character spacing is changed with ESC SP, the setting is updated.
 This command is invalid when proportional pitch is selected.
 In outline fonts, the spacing between characters is 0 dot.

Example
For a 24-dot font at full width:

Full width Double width

24 dots 40 dots

Ａ Ｂ Ａ Ｂ

1 dot 2 dots

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC g Apply micron pitch

ASCII: ESC g
Decimal: 27 103
Hexadecimal: 1B 67

Parameters
None

Description
 Prints the subsequent text with the micron pitch (15 characters/inch).
 The character spacing is 20 dots (=300 dots/15 characters).
 If the character width is 20 dots or less, the character spacing is specified as 20 minus the character width.
 If the character width exceeds 20 dots, the character spacing is specified as the character width.
(The spacing between characters is 0 dot.)
In this case, the pitch does not exactly equal the micron pitch.
 With double-width characters, the character spacing is doubled (40 dots).
 With half-width characters, the character spacing is halved (10 dots).
 When the character spacing is changed with ESC SP, the setting is updated.
 This command is invalid when proportional pitch is selected.
 In outline fonts, the spacing between characters is 0 dot.

Example
For a 11-dot font at full width:

Full width Double width

11 dots 22 dots

Ａ Ｂ Ａ Ｂ

9 dot 18 dots

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC p Specify proportional characters

ASCII: ESC p n
Decimal: 27 112 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 70 n

Parameters
n=0, 1, 48 (“0”), 49 (“1”)

Description
 Specifies proportional characters.
n=1 or 49 (“1”): Specifies proportional characters.
n=0 or 48 (“0”): Cancels proportional characters.
 If proportional characters are specified, the character spacing specified with ESC SP is maintained as is.

ESC W Specify double-width characters

ASCII: ESC W n
Decimal: 27 87 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 57 n

Parameters
n=0, 1 or 48 (“0”), 49 (“1”)

Description
 Specifies double-width characters.
n=1 or 49 (“1”): Specifies double-width characters.
n=0 or 48 (“0”): Cancels double-width characters.
 Double-width characters specified with this command are not canceled with the DC4 code or a line feed.
 Canceling double-width characters also cancels compressed (half-width) characters.

Example
Code: ABC ESC W 1 ABC ESC W 0 ABC FF
Print result: ABCABCABC

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 ESC/P Command Reference

SO Specify auto-canceling stretched characters

ASCII: SO
Decimal: 14
Hexadecimal: 0E

Parameters
None

Description
 Prints the subsequent text at double width.
 This command is canceled with DC4, LF, VT, FF, CR or an automatic line feed.
 This command is canceled with ESC $, ESC \, ESC J, ESC ( V or ESC ( v.
 This command can also be canceled with ESC W+0.

ESC SO Specify auto-canceling stretched characters

ASCII: ESC SO
Decimal: 27 14
Hexadecimal: 1B 0E

Parameters
None

Description
 Same as SO

Example
Code: ABC ESC SO ABCDEFGHIJK…XYZ FF
Print result: ABCABCDEFGHIJK…(Automatic line feed)
XYZ

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 ESC/P Command Reference

SI Specify compressed characters

ASCII: SI
Decimal: 15
Hexadecimal: 0F

Parameters
None

Description
 Prints the subsequent text at half width.

ESC SI Specify compressed characters

ASCII: ESC SI
Decimal: 27 15
Hexadecimal: 1B 0F

Parameters
None

Description
 Same as SI

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 ESC/P Command Reference

DC2 Cancel compressed characters

ASCII: DC2
Decimal: 18
Hexadecimal: 12

Parameters
None

Description
 Cancels compressed characters specified with SI or ESC SI.

DC4 Cancel auto-canceling double-width characters

ASCII: DC4
Decimal: 20
Hexadecimal: 14

Parameters
None

Description
 Cancels double-width characters specified with ESC SO or SO.
 Does not cancel the ESC W command.

Example
Code: ABC ESC SO ABCDEF DC4 GHIJK FF
Print result: ABCABCDEFGHIJK

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC – Apply/cancel underlining

ASCII: ESC - n
Decimal: 27 45 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 2D n

Parameters
n=0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 48 (“0”), 49 (“1”), 50 (“2”), 51 (“3”), 52 (“4”)

Description
 Applies or cancels underlining.
n=4 or 52 (“4”): Applies underlining with a width of 4 dots.
n=3 or 51 (“3”): Applies underlining with a width of 3 dots.
n=2 or 50 (“2”): Applies underlining with a width of 2 dots.
n=1 or 49 (“1”): Applies underlining with a width of 1 dot.
n=0 or 48 (“0”): Cancels underlining.
 This command is valid anywhere in a text line.
 The underlining specified with this command is a continuous line.
 Spaces between characters and words are also underlined.
 Areas with the “specify absolute horizontal position” (ESC $) and “specify relative horizontal position”
(ESC \) commands are not underlined.
 Bit images and barcodes are not underlined either.
 4/300 inch (4 dots) is added to the line feed amount for lines that include underlined characters.
 The underline is positioned as follows:
Underline Underline Position

1 dot wide 2/300 inch (second dot) below the characters

2 dots wide Between 2/300 inch (second dot) and 3/300 inch (third dot) below the characters

3 dots wide Between 1/300 inch (first dot) and 3/300 inch (third dot) below the characters

4 dots wide Between 1/300 inch (first dot) and 4/300 inch (fourth dot) below the characters

ABCDE ABCDE ABCDE

(1-dot width) (3-dot width)

Example
Code: ABC ESC - 1 ABC ESC - 0 ABC FF
Print result: ABCABCABC

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC ! Global formatting

ASCII: ESC ! n
Decimal: 27 33 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 21 n

Parameters
0≤n≤255

Description
 Specifies a combination of print modes.
 Specifies modes depending on the bit value of n.
 When the ESC ! code is used, a combination of multiple print modes can be specified at one time.
 The priority order is from Bit 5 to Bit 2.
 Bit 0 is available only if Bit 1 is 0.
 Selected character styles are canceled, and the characters return to the normal style.
 Canceling double-width characters also cancels compressed (half-width) characters.
Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Double Double
1 Underline Italics Bold Compressed Proportional 12 cpi
width height
0 Cancel Cancel Cancel Cancel Cancel Cancel Cancel 10 cpi

Example
 To apply underlining and specify double-width characters at the same time:
Code: ABC ESC ! A0h ABC ESC ! 00h ABC FF
Print result: ABCABCABC

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC SP Specify character spacing

ASCII: ESC SP n
Decimal: 27 32 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 20 n

Parameters
0≤n≤127

Description
 Specifies the character spacing.
 n indicates the number of dots.
 The default setting is 0 dot.
 With double-width characters, the character spacing is doubled; with half-width characters, it is halved.

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC X Specify character size

ASCII: ESC X m nL nH
Decimal: 27 88 m nL nH
Hexadecimal: 1B 58 m nL nH

Parameters
Character width: The value of m is irrelevant.
Character size: <Bitmap fonts> <Outline fonts>
Valid only with: Valid only with:
nL=24, 32, 48 dots nL=33, 38, 42, 46, 50, 58, 67, 75, 83,
nH=0 92, 100, 117, 133, 150, 167, 200, 233
nH=0
nL=11, 44, 77, 111, 144
nH=1

Description
 This command is used only to change the size.
 Outline must not be specified.
 The character width cannot be specified.
 The character size is specified as n=nL+nH*256 dots.
 The width and the height are the same.
 With bitmap fonts, only n=24, 32 and 48 are valid.
 With outline fonts, n is valid only when it is one of the following values:
33, 38, 42, 46, 50, 58, 67, 75, 83, 92, 100, 117, 133, 150, 167, 200, 233, 267, 300, 333, 367, 400
 The commands for specifying stretched characters, compressed characters and the character spacing
(SO, ESC W, SI, ESC !, ESC SP) remain available.

Example
For “ABC” at a 24-dot size and “DEF” at a 50-dot size:
Code: ESC k 01h
ESC X 00h 18h 00h ABC
ESC k 09h
ESC X 00h 32h 00h DEF FF

Print result: ABC DEF

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 ESC/P Command Reference

5.3 Line feed commands

ESC 0 Specify line feed of 1/8 inch

ASCII: ESC 0
Decimal: 27 48
Hexadecimal: 1B 30

Parameters
None

Description
 Specifies a line feed of 1/8 inch (about 0.32 cm).
 Specifies a line feed of 38/300 inch (=38 dots).

ESC 2 Specify line feed of 1/6 inch

ASCII: ESC 2
Decimal: 27 50
Hexadecimal: 1B 32

Parameters
None

Description
 Specifies a line feed of 1/6 inch (about 0.42 cm).
 Specifies a line feed of 50/300 inch (=50 dots).

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC 3 Specify minimum line feed

ASCII: ESC 3 n
Decimal: 27 51 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 33 n

Parameters
0≤n≤255

Description
 Specifies a line feed of n/300 inch per line.
 The line feed is specified in 1-dot units.

ESC A Specify line feed of n/60 inch

ASCII: ESC A n
Decimal: 27 65 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 41 n

Parameters
0≤n≤255

Description
 Specifies a line feed of n/60 inch.
 The line feed is specified in 5-dot units.

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 ESC/P Command Reference

5.4 Horizontal movement commands

ESC l Specify left margin

ASCII: ESC l n
Decimal: 27 108 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 6C n

Parameters
0≤n≤255
0≤left margin<right margin

Description
 The left margin and the right margin use the left edge of the physically printable area as the reference.
 The area between the left edge of the physically printable area and the specified number of columns is
specified as an unprinted area. The left margin position is the right edge of the specified column.
(Character width*n)
 The setting is in the range 0≤ (character width*n) ≤x. Settings outside that range are ignored. However, x is
a value dependent on the media.
 The area between the left edge (first column) to the nth column is specified as an unprinted area.
 The position of the left margin is the character width (when this command was specified)*n from the left
edge.
The character width when the margin specified includes the settings for the character spacing. In addition,
when a pitch of 10 cpi (=30 dots), 12 cpi (=25 dots) or 15cpi (=20 dots), compressed characters or
double-width characters are specified, that character width is considered as the unit.
However, character styles that increase the character width are not applied.

Left edge Left margin position Right margin position

Columns 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Unprinted Print area Unprinted

area area

Left margin setting

Right margin setting

Printable area

Example: Left margin=Column 5; right margin=Column 14

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 ESC/P Command Reference

 The horizontal print position is moved to the left margin position.

 If the left margin setting is not at the beginning of the line, the left margin is specified after a line feed.
The beginning of the line indicates the left margin position for left alignment; for right and center
alignment, it means that no image or character is entered on the line.
 Even if the character width is changed after the left margin has bee specified, the left margin position does
not change.
 A left margin setting that puts the left margin position to the right of the right margin position is ignored.
 The left margin should be specified at least one column (10 cpi=30 dots) less than the right margin.
(If the character width (when the command was specified)*n is greater than the right margin-30 dots), the
setting is ignored.)
 If the difference between the right margin position and the left margin position is less than one character,
that character is ignored.
 When proportional pitch is specified with the ESC p command, a character width of 10 cpi (=30 dot) is
applied.
 If the print media is continuous length tape, the printing orientation is landscape and the page length is not
specified, commands specifying the left margin are ignored.

Example
To specify the left margin at Column 3:
Code: ABC CR ESC l 03h EFGHIJ FF
Print result: ABC
EFGHIJ

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC Q Specify right margin

ASCII: ESC Q n
Decimal: 27 81 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 51 n

Parameters
1≤n≤255
Left margin<character width (when the command was specified)*n≤printable area

Description
 The left margin and the right margin use the left edge of the physically printable area as the reference.
 The right margin position is the right edge of the specified column. (Character width*n)
 The setting is in the range 1≤(character width*n)≤x. Settings outside that range are ignored. However, x is
a value dependent on the media.
 Left margin≤print area<right margin
 The position of the right margin is the character width (when the command was specified)*n from the left
edge.
The character width when the margin is specified includes the settings for the character spacing. In
addition, when a pitch of 10 cpi (=30 dots), 12 cpi (=25 dots) or 15 cpi (=20 dots), compressed characters
or double-width characters are specified, that character width is considered as the unit.
However, character styles that increase the character width are not applied.
 The horizontal print position is moved to the left margin position.
 If the right margin setting is not at the beginning of the line, the right margin is specified after a line feed.
The beginning of the line indicates the left margin position for left alignment; for right and center
alignment, it means that no image or character is entered on the line.
 Even if the character width is changed after the right margin has been specified, the right margin position
does not change.
 A right margin setting that puts the right margin position to the left of the left margin position is ignored.
 The right margin should be specified at least one column (10 cpi=30 dots) greater than the left margin.
(If the character width (when the command was specified)*n is less than the left margin+30 dots, the
setting is ignored.)
 If the difference between the right margin position and the left margin position is less than one character,
that character is ignored.
 When proportional pitch is specified with the ESC p command, a character width of 10 cpi (=30 dot) is
applied.
 If the print media is continuous length tape, the printing orientation is landscape and the page length is not
specified, commands specifying the right margin are ignored.

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 ESC/P Command Reference

CR Carriage return

ASCII: CR
Decimal: 13
Hexadecimal: 0D

Parameters
None

Description
 Ends input of a line, and waits for input of the next line.
 The next print position becomes the beginning of the next line.
 A line feed command immediately after the carriage return is ignored.
 Auto-canceling double-width characters specified with SO or ESC SO are canceled.
 Same process as LF

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC D Specify horizontal tab position

ASCII: ESC D [n]k NUL

Decimal: 27 68 [n]k 0
Hexadecimal: 1B 44 [n]k 00h

Parameters
1≤n≤255, 0≤k≤32

Description
 The horizontal tab position is the character width (when the command was specified)*n from the left
margin.
 Enter n values in ascending order and end the settings with NUL.
 If an n value is smaller than a previous one, tab setting is ended.
 Even if the character width is changed after the horizontal tab positions have been specified, the horizontal
tab position settings do not change.
 ESC D NUL cancels all horizontal tab positions.
 If the left margin is moved, the horizontal tab positions are also moved by the same amount.
 Up to 32 horizontal tab positions can be specified. However, horizontal tab positions beyond the right
margin are invalid and only become valid when a change in the right margin setting or left margin setting
moves the print area to include those tab positions.
 The character width when the horizontal tabs are specified includes the settings for the character spacing.
In addition, when a pitch of 10 cpi, 12 cpi or 15 cpi compressed characters or double-width characters are
specified, that character width is considered as the unit.
 When proportional pitch is specified with ESC p, horizontal tab positions are specified at 10 cpi.
 When the printer is turned on, a horizontal tab position is specified every 8 columns at 10 cpi.
Even if the character width is changed before the horizontal tab positions has been specified, the
horizontal tab positions do not change.
Left edge Left margin position Tab position Tab position Right margin position

Column 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

HT code HT code

Unprinted area Printable area Unprinted area

Example:
After the left margin is specified as Column 3 and the right margin as Column 15,
horizontal tabs were specified at Column 5 and Column 10, and HT were performed.

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HT Perform horizontal tab

ASCII: HT
Decimal: 9
Hexadecimal: 09

Parameters
None

Description
 Moves the horizontal print position to the nearest horizontal tab position to the right of the input position.
 If there is no horizontal tab position to the right of the input position, or if the next horizontal tab position is
beyond the right margin, the HT command is ignored.
 If underlining is specified, the space between the current position and the next horizontal tab position is not
underlined.
 When the printer is turned on, a horizontal tab position is specified every 8 columns at 10 cpi.
Even if the character width is changed before the horizontal tab positions have been specified, the
horizontal tab positions do not change.
 This command is available only with left alignment.

Example
To specify horizontal tabs at Column 4, Column 8, and Column 12, and perform horizontal tabs:
Code: ESC D 04h 08h 0Ch 00h
123456789012 CR A HT B HT C HT D FF
Print result: 123456789012
A B C D

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ESC $ Specify absolute horizontal position

ASCII: ESC $ n1 n2
Decimal: 27 36 n1 n2
Hexadecimal: 1B 24 n1 n2

Parameters
0≤n1≤255, 0≤n2≤255

Description
 Specifies the absolute print position (in dots) for the next data.
 An absolute print position specifies the next print position as a number of dots from the left margin.
 n1 and n2 indicate the number of dots from the left margin.
(Number of dots=n1+n2*256)
 The dot spacing is calculated as 1/300 inch.
 The maximum number of dots that can be specified with n1 and n2 depends on the media.
 This command is available only with left alignment.

ESC \ Specify relative horizontal position

ASCII: ESC \ n1 n2
Decimal: 27 92 n1 n2
Hexadecimal: 1B 5C n1 n2

Parameters
0≤n1≤255, 0≤n2≤255

Description
 Specifies the horizontal print position (in dots) as a relative position from the current position.
 A relative position specifies the next print position as a number of dots from the current position.
 n1 and n2 indicate the number of dots from the current position. (Number of dots=n1+n2*256)
 The dot spacing is calculated as 1/300 inch.
 Left margin position≤horizontal position after moving<right margin position
Horizontal position after moving=n1+n2*256
 The specified value for moving to the left is expressed as a two's complement. It is determined by the
following equation.
n1+n2*256=65536-distance actually moved
 This command is available only with left alignment.

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ESC a Specify alignment

ASCII: ESC a n
Decimal: 27 97 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 61 n

Parameters
0≤n≤3 or “0”≤n≤“3”

Description
 Prints the subsequent text with the alignment described below, according to the value of n.
n=0 or 48 (“0”): Applies left alignment.
n=1 or 49 (“1”): Applies center alignment.
n=2 or 50 (“2”): Applies right alignment.
n=3 or 51 (“3”): Applies nothing.
 The default setting is n=0.
 Data is aligned between the left and right margins by entering a CR, LF, and FF code or by buffer printing.
 If the alignment setting is not at the beginning of the line, the alignment is specified after a line feed.
The beginning of the line indicates the left margin position for left alignment;
for right and center alignment, it means that no image or character is entered on the line.
 HT, ESC \ and ESC $ are ignored when n=1 or n=2.
 If the print media is continuous length tape, the printing orientation is landscape and the page length is not
specified, commands specifying alignment are ignored.

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5.5 Vertical movement commands

LF Line feed

ASCII: LF
Decimal: 10
Hexadecimal: 0A

Parameters
None

Description
 Feeds the paper by the amount specified by a line feed command (ESC 0, ESC 2, ESC 3, ESC A).
 The print position becomes the beginning of the next line.
 The default value is a line feed of 48 dots.
 A carriage return immediately after a line feed is ignored.
 Auto-canceling double-width characters specified with SO or ESC SO are canceled.
 Same process as CR

FF Page feed

ASCII: FF
Decimal: 12
Hexadecimal: 0C

Parameters
None

Description
 Starts the printing.
 The previously entered data string of characters and commands is cleared after being printed.
 At this time, auto-canceling double-width characters specified with SO or ESC SO are canceled.

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ESC J Forward paper feed

ASCII: ESC J n
Decimal: 27 74 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 4A n

Parameters
0≤n≤255

Description
 Ends input for the current line and moves the vertical print position forward by n/300 inch (=1 dot).
 If the bottom margin setting is exceeded, printing starts.
 With left alignment, the print position for the next line becomes the end position of the current line.
(The horizontal position does not move to the left margin.)
With right alignment and center alignment, the horizontal position moves to the beginning of the line.
 Auto-canceling double-width characters specified with SO or ESC SO are canceled.

Abcdefg Abcdefg Abcdefg

ABC ABC ABC

SDFASG SDFASG SDFASG

Left alignment Center alignment Right alignment

Example: Performing a forward paper feed after the second line

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ESC B Specify vertical tab position

ASCII: ESC B [n]k NUL

Decimal: 27 66 [n]k 0
Hexadecimal: 1B 42 [n]k 00h

Parameters
1≤n≤255
0≤k≤16

Description
 The vertical tab position is the line feed amount (when this command was specified)*n from the top
margin.
 Enter n values in ascending order and end the settings with NUL.
 If an n value is smaller than a previous one, tab setting is ended.
 Up to 16 vertical tabs can be specified.
 ESC B NUL cancels all vertical tab positions.
 Vertical tab positions can be specified regardless of the setting of the bottom margin position. However,
vertical tab positions outside the print area (beyond the bottom margin position) are invalid and only
become valid when a change in the top margin setting or bottom margin setting moves the print area to
include those tab positions.
 Use VT to move to the vertical tab position.
 When changing vertical tab positions, specify all positions again.
 If the top margin is moved, the vertical tab positions are also moved by the same amount.
 Even if the line feed amount is changed after the vertical tab positions have been specified, the vertical tab
position settings do not change.
 Performing a VT when no vertical tabs have been specified is equal to performing a CR.

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VT Perform vertical tab

ASCII: VT
Decimal: 11
Hexadecimal: 0B

Parameters
None

Description
 Moves the print position to the nearest vertical tab position down from the input position.
 The next horizontal print position becomes the beginning of the line.
 If the next vertical tab position extends beyond the bottom margin, or if there is no vertical tab position
specified below the current position, VT is performed as if it is (moves to the TOF position of the next
page).
ABCD
Line feed 21 EfghijkL
amount
3
VT code
4
5
6
Tab position
7 Abcdefg

8 VT code
9
10
11
Tab position
12 ABCDEFG

13 VT code
14
15
Tab position
16 aiueo

17
18

Example: Vertical tabs are specified at Lines 6, 11, and 15, and
data is entered while VT are performed.

 When all vertical tab positions have been canceled by an initialization or with ESC B NUL, performing VT
is equal to performing CR.
 Auto-canceling double-width characters specified with SO or ESC SO are canceled.

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ESC (V Specify absolute vertical position

ASCII: ESC ( V nL nH mL mH
Decimal: 27 40 86 nL nH mL mH
Hexadecimal: 1B 28 56 nL nH mL mH

Parameters
nL=2
nH=0
0≤mL≤255
0≤mH≤127

Description
 Specifies the vertical print position as an absolute position from the top margin position.
Vertical position=mL+mH*256+top margin
 The absolute vertical position is measured from the top margin position when this command was specified.
 If a position extending beyond the bottom margin is specified, printing starts.
 There is no restriction on the amount of movement back (upward) from the current position.
 With left alignment, the print position for the next line becomes the end position of the current line.
(The horizontal position does not move to the left margin.)
With right alignment and center alignment, the horizontal position moves to the beginning of the line.
 Auto-canceling double-width characters specified with SO or ESC SO are canceled.

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ESC (v Specify relative vertical position

ASCII: ESC ( v nL nH mL mH
Decimal: 27 40 118 nL nH mL mH
Hexadecimal: 1B 28 76 nL nH mL mH

Parameters
nL=2
nH=0
0≤mL≤255
0≤mH≤127
-16384≤(mL+mH*256)≤16383

Description
 Specifies the vertical print position* as a relative position from the current position.
Vertical position after movement=mL+mH*256+current position
 When moving upwards, the specified value is expressed as a two's complement.
It is determined by the following equation.
mL+mH*256=65536–distance actually moved
 Settings moving the print position above the top margin are ignored.
 If a position extending beyond the bottom margin is specified, printing starts.
 With left alignment, the print position for the next line becomes the end position of the current line.
(The horizontal position does not move to the left margin.)
With right alignment and center alignment, the horizontal position moves to the beginning of the line.
 Auto-canceling double-width characters specified with SO or ESC SO are canceled.
* Print position : The print position is the standard position for printing characters, bitmaps, and barcodes.

Abcdefg Abcdefg Abcdefg

ABC ABC ABC

SDFASG SDFASG SDFASG

Left alignment Center alignment Right alignment

Example: Moving to a vertical position specified after the second line

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5.6 Paper formatting commands

ESC (c Specify page format

ASCII: ESC ( c nL nH tL tH BL BH
Decimal: 27 40 99 nL nH tL tH BL BH
Hexadecimal: 1B 28 63 nL nH tL tH BL BH

Parameters
nL=4, nH=0
(tL+tH*256)<(BL+BH*256)
Top margin<bottom margin

Description
 Specifies settings for the top and bottom margins.
 The physically printable area depends on the media.
The top margin and the bottom margin are specified in units of 1/300 inch (=1 dot) using the top edge of
the physically printable area as the reference.
(The left margin and the right margin use the left edge of the physically printable area as the reference.)
 Top margin=tL+tH*256
 Bottom margin= BL+BH*256
 The top margin position is the TOF in the vertical direction.
 All previously entered text is cleared.
 The character baseline for the first line of text is 24/300 inch (=24 dots) below the top margin.
 When this command is used previously specified top and bottom margins are canceled.
 A standard unit is not used.
 If the print media is continuous length tape, the printing orientation is landscape and the page length is not
specified, commands specifying the page format are ignored.
 If the minimum margin has been set to 3 mm and the printing orientation is landscape, both the top and
bottom margins increase by 1 mm.

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ESC (C Specify page length

ASCII: ESC ( C nL nH mL mH
Decimal: 27 40 67 nL nH mL mH
Hexadecimal: 1B 28 43 nL nH mL mH

Parameters
nL=2, nH=0
0<(mL+mH*256)<12000

Description
 Specifies the page length.
 The unit is 1/300 inch (=1 dot).
Page length=mL+mH*256
 The current paper position is the TOF.
 The top and bottom margins are canceled with ESC ( c.
 All previously entered text is cleared.
 A standard unit is not used.
 This command is available only with continuous length tape.
Inch, mm, and dot conversion table
inch mm Number of dots
0 0.0 0
1 25.4 300
2 50.8 600
3 76.2 900
4 101.6 1200
5 127.0 1500
6 152.4 1800
7 177.8 2100
8 203.2 2400
9 228.6 2700
10 254.0 3000
11 279.4 3300
12 304.8 3600
13 330.2 3900
14 355.6 4200
15 381.0 4500
16 406.4 4800
17 431.8 5100
18 457.2 5400
19 482.6 5700
20 508.0 6000

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5.7 Printer control commands

ESC @ Initialize

ASCII: ESC @
Decimal: 27 64
Hexadecimal: 1B 40

Parameters
None

Description
 Returns all commands to their default settings. (See below.)
Item Default Item Default

Proportional
Input buffer Saved Canceled*
pitch

International
Text buffer Cleared USA*
character set

Print buffer Cleared Character style Canceled*

Top margin 0 dot Compressed Canceled

Horizontal print
Bottom margin Depends on media Left margin position
position

Vertical print Top margin position

Left margin 0 dot
position (TOF position)

Landscape
Right margin Depends on media Canceled*
setting

Line feed Page length

48 dots* Canceled*
amount setting

Horizontal tab every

Horizontal tab 8 characters Auto cut
Cut setting
positions (based on a character (manufacturer’s default)
width of 10 cpi)*

Vertical tab
None Font Brougham*
positions

Character code Western European

Character size 32 dots*
set character code set*

Character
0 dot
spacing
* May differ depending on the user settings.

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5.8 Graphics commands

ESC * Select bit image

ASCII: ESC * m n1 n2 Data

Decimal: 27 42 m n1 n2 Data
Hexadecimal: 1B 2A m n1 n2 Data

Parameters
m=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 32, 33, 38, 39, 40, 71, 72, 73
0≤n1≤255, 0≤n2≤11
The image data is as follows:
- n1+n2*256 bytes when m=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
- (n1+n2*256)*3 bytes when m=32, 33, 38, 39, 40
- (n1+n2*256)*6 bytes when m=71, 72, 73

Description
 Selects and outputs a bit image according to the value of m.
 n1 and n2 indicate the number of dot positions.
n1: The remainder from dividing the number of dot positions by 256
n2: The quotient from dividing the number of dot positions by 256

Horizontal Dot Vertical Dot Horizontal Dot Vertical Dot

m
Density Density Resolution Resolution
0 60 dpi 60 dpi 6/300 inch 6/300 inch
1 120 dpi 60 dpi 3/300 inch 6/300 inch
2 120 dpi 60 dpi 3/300 inch 6/300 inch
3 240 dpi 60 dpi 2/300 inch 6/300 inch
4 80 dpi 60 dpi 4/300 inch 6/300 inch
6 90 dpi 60 dpi 4/300 inch 6/300 inch
32 60 dpi 180 dpi 6/300 inch 2/300 inch
33 120 dpi 180 dpi 3/300 inch 2/300 inch
38 90 dpi 180 dpi 4/300 inch 2/300 inch
39 180 dpi 180 dpi 2/300 inch 2/300 inch
40 300 dpi 180 dpi 1/300 inch 2/300 inch
71 180 dpi 360 dpi 2/300 inch 1/300 inch
72 360 dpi 360 dpi 1/300 inch 1/300 inch
73 360 dpi 360 dpi 1/300 inch 1/300 inch
 Horizontally neighboring dots are not omitted.
Limitations:
A maximum of 63 can be used with this command.

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When m=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
 n1 and n2 indicate the number of dot positions.
n1: The remainder from dividing the number of dot positions by 256
n2: The quotient from dividing the number of dot positions by 256

B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0

Relationship between the image data and the dots

 First, the data is lined up in one row as follows:

MSB
1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte
…
LSB

n1+n2*256 bytes

 One dot of the image data is enlarged as follows, according to the value of m.
m=0 m =1 m =2 m =3 m =4 m =6

 As a result, the image is sized depending on the value of m, as follows:

m=0 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*6 dots horizontally
m=1 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*3 dots horizontally
m=2 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*3 dots horizontally
m=3 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*2 dots horizontally
m=4 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*4 dots horizontally
m=6 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*4 dots horizontally

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When m=32, 33, 38, 39, 40

 n1 and n2 indicate the number of dot positions.
n1: The remainder from dividing the number of dot positions by 256
n2: The quotient from dividing the number of dot positions by 256

st nd rd
1 byte 2 byte 3 byte
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

. . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.

Relationship between the image data and the dots

First, the data is lined up in three rows as follows:

MSB
1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

…
LSB
MSB
1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

…
LSB
MSB
1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

…
LSB

(n1+n2*256)*3 bytes

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 One dot of the image data is enlarged as follows, according to the value of m.

m=32 m=33 m=38 m=39 m=40

 As a result, the image is sized depending on the value of m, as follows:

m=32 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*6 dots horizontally
m=33 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*3 dots horizontally
m=38 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*4 dots horizontally
m=39 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*2 dots horizontally
m=40 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*1 dot horizontally

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When m=71, 72, 73

 n1 and n2 indicate the number of dot positions.
n1: The remainder from dividing the number of dot positions by 256
n2: The quotient from dividing the number of dot positions by 256

1st byte 2nd - 5th byte 6th byte

B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

. . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.

Relationship between the image data and the dots

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First, the data is lined up in six rows as follows:

MSB

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte
…
LSB
MSB

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte
…
LSB
MSB

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte
…
LSB
MSB 1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte
…
LSB
MSB
1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte
…
LSB
MSB
1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte
…
LSB

(n1+n2*256)*6 bytes

 One dot of the image data is enlarged as follows, according to the value of m.

m=71 m=72 m=73

 As a result, the image is sized depending on the value of m, as follows:

m=71 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*2 dots horizontally
m=72 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*1 dot horizontally
m=73 48 dots vertically×(n1+n2*256)*1 dot horizontally

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ESC K 8-dot single-density bit image

ASCII: ESC K n1 n2 Data

Decimal: 27 75 n1 n2 Data
Hexadecimal: 1B 4B n1 n2 Data

Parameters
0≤n1≤255, 0≤n2≤3
The data contains n1+n2*256 bytes of image data.

Description
Specifies that an 8-dot single-density bit image is printed with the number of dot positions indicated by n1 and
n2.
 n1 and n2 indicate the number of dot positions.
n1: The remainder from dividing the number of dot positions by 256
n2: The quotient from dividing the number of dot positions by 256

B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0

Relationship between the image data and the dots

 First, the data is lined up in one row as follows:

MSB
1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

…
LSB

n1+n2*256 bytes

 One dot of image data is enlarged to 6 dots vertically by 6 dots horizontally.

 As a result, the image is 48 dots vertically by (n1+n2*256)*6 dots horizontally.

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ESC L 8-dot double-density bit image

ASCII: ESC L n1 n2 Data

Decimal: 27 76 n1 n2 Data
Hexadecimal: 1B 4C n1 n2 Data

Parameters
0≤n1≤255, 0≤n2≤3
The data contains n1+n2*256 bytes of image data.

Description
Specifies that an 8-dot double-density bit image is printed with the number of dot positions indicated by n1
and n2.
 n1 and n2 are specified in the same way as with ESC K.
 First, the data is lined up in one row as follows:

MSB
1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte
…
LSB

n1+n2*256 bytes

 One dot of image data is enlarged to 6 dots vertically by 3 dots horizontally.

 As a result, the image is 48 dots vertically by (n1+n2 *256)*3 dots horizontally.

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ESC Y 8-dot double-speed double-density bit image

ASCII: ESC Y n1 n2 Data

Decimal: 27 89 n1 n2 Data
Hexadecimal: 1B 59 n1 n2 Data

Parameters
0≤n1≤255, 0≤n2≤3
The data contains n1+n2*256 bytes of image data.

Description
 Same as for an 8-dot double-density bit image. Horizontally neighboring dots are not omitted.

ESC Z 8-dot quadruple-density bit image

ASCII: ESC Z n1 n2 Data

Decimal: 27 90 n1 n2 Data
Hexadecimal: 1B 5A n1 n2 Data

Parameters
0≤n1≤255, 0≤n2≤7
The data contains n1+n2*256 bytes of image data.

Description
Specifies that an 8-dot quadruple-density bit image is printed with the number of dot positions indicated by n1
and n2.
 n1 and n2 are specified in the same way as with ESC K.
 Horizontally neighboring dots are not omitted.
 First, the data is lined up in one row as follows:

MSB
1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

1byte

…
LSB

n1+n2*256 bytes

 One dot of image data is enlarged to 6 dots vertically by 2 dots horizontally.

 As a result, the image is 48 dots vertically by (n1+n2*256)*2 dots horizontally.

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5.9 Advanced commands

ESC i B Barcode

ASCII: ESC i [Parameters] B or b [Barcode data] Backslash

Decimal: 27 105 [Parameters] 66 or 98 [Barcode data] 92
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 [Parameters] 42 or 62 [Barcode data] 5C

Format: ESC i [Parameters] B or b [Barcode data] [Backslash]

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Parameters
(1) [Parameters]: Barcode parameters
T or t (type) t0: CODE39
t1: ITF (I-2/5)
t5: EAN-8, EAN-13, UPC-A
t6: UPC-E
t9: CODABAR
ta: CODE128
tb: GS1-128 (UCC/EAN-128)
tc: RSS symbols
td: CODE93
te: POSTNET
tf: UPC/EAN EXTENTION
tg: MSI

s (style) Ignored

p (number of passes) Ignored

R or r r0: OFF
(characters below barcode) r1: ON

u (units of measurement) Ignored

x (horizontal position) Ignored

y (vertical offset) Ignored

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h (height) h n1 n2
Height=n1+n2*256 (dots)
48≤height≤480
If height<48, height=48.
If height>480, height=480.

However, the height is as shown below with tc.

131≤height≤720 (RSS-14 Standard)
71≤height≤720 (RSS-14 Truncated)
71≤height≤720 (RSS-14 Stacked)
239≤height≤720 (RSS-14 Stacked Omni)
62≤height≤720 (RSS Limited)
134≤height≤720 (RSS Expanded)
If height<min., height=min.
If height>max., height=max.

w w0: extra small

(width) w1: small
w2: medium
w3: large
w4: extra extra small

E or e e0: ON
(parentheses deletion) e1: OFF

o o0: RSS-14 Standard

(RSS symbols model) o1: RSS-14 Truncated
o2: RSS-14 Stacked
o3: RSS-14 Stacked Omnidirectional
o4: RSS Limited
o5: RSS Expanded Standard
o6: RSS Expanded Stacked

c c: No. of horizontal characters

(number of horizontal This must be an even value where 2≤no. of horizontal characters≤20.
characters for RSS
Expanded Stacked)

z z0: (3:1)
(ratio between thick and z1: (2.5:1)
thin bars) z2: (2:1)

f f0: OFF
(equalize bar lengths) f1: ON

(A barcode with a large number of stacked rows may be considered out of specifications and
unreadable by the reader.)

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Note
* For parameter numerals 0–9, both 00h–09h and 30h–39h are recognized.
* For parameter hexadecimals a–f, both 0ah–0gh and 61h–67h are recognized.
* The parameter types a, b, c, d, e, f and g are recognized even when uppercase.
* The parameter “parentheses deletion” is available only when GS1-128 (UCC/EAN-128) is selected.
* The parameter “ratio between thick and thin bars” is available only when t0, t1 or t9 is selected.
* The parameter “equalize bar lengths” is available only when t5 or t6 is selected.
* If any other type is selected, these parameters are ignored.
* When there is no type command or an invalid type command has been specified, CODE39 is
specified.
* The number of characters that can be entered for each barcode type is as follows:
t0: 1–50 characters (“*” is not included)
t1: 1–64 characters
t5: 7 characters (for EAN-8)
12 characters (for EAN-13)
11 characters (for UPC-A)
t6: 6 characters
t9: 3–64 characters (Must begin and end with A, B, C, or D.)
Lowercase letters “a”, “b”, “c” or “d” can be entered at the beginning or end, but the text that
will be printed are the uppercase letters “A”, “B”, “C” or “D”.
ta: 1–64 characters
tb: 1–64 characters
tc: 3–15 characters (begins with “01”) (except with RSS Expanded)
1
1–64 numbers or 1–40 letters* (for RSS Expanded)
1
* ISO646 characters can be printed.
(numbers, letters, spaces, !, ”, %, &, ’, (, ), *, +, ,, -, ., /, :, ;, <, =, >, ? and _)
td: 1–64 characters (The full set of ASCII characters can be used.)
te: 5 characters, 9 characters, 11 characters
tf: 2 characters, 5 characters
tg: 1–14 characters

(2) B or b: Beginning of barcode data

(3) [Barcode data]: Barcode data

? (Generate check digit):
Generates a check digit when “?” is in the barcode data.
The position of “?” is irrelevant as long as it is within the barcode data.
With POSTNET, CODE93, UPC/EAN EXTENSION, CODE128 and GS1-128(UCC/EAN-128), no
check digit is generated.
If “?” is inserted, it is treated as barcode data.
With only UPC/EAN EXTENSION, the data is printed above the barcode.

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(4) [Backslash]: End of barcode

Barcode Type Command

POSTNET, UPC/EAN EXTENTION, CODE39,

ITF(I-2/5), EAN-8, EAN-13, UPC-A, UPC-E, ESC i [Parameter] B or b [Barcode data] \
CODABAR, RSS symbols, MSI

CODE93, CODE128,
ESC i [Parameter] B or b [Barcode data] \\\
GS1-128 (UCC/EAN-128)

Description
 Specifies a barcode image.
 Any data extending beyond the right margin is ignored.
 Since the check digit is generated automatically from the barcode data, the check digit is not sent as
barcode data. Since the length of the barcode data is also checked, the data would not be correctly
recognized if the check digit data was present.
 With CODE39, ITF (I-2/5), CODABAR, CODE128, GS1-128 (UCC/EAN-128) or RSS Expanded, the buffer
length for the barcode image is about 22 cm. A barcode longer than 22 cm will not be printed.
 The characters that can be printed with CODE128 and GS1-128 (UCC/EAN-128) are the 128 ASCII
characters and the special codes FNC1, FNC2, FNC3 and FNC4.
Codes assigned to the special codes:

FNC1: 86h, FNC2: 81h, FNC3: 80h, FNC4: 84h

 The control codes and special codes appear as spaces when characters are printed below CODE128 and
GS1-128 (UCC/EAN-128) barcodes.
 The control codes appear as spaces when characters are printed below CODE93 barcodes.
 Special code FNC1 can also be printed with RSS Expanded.
This special code also appears as a space when characters are printed below the barcode.
Code assigned to the special code:

FNC1: 86h

 The width can be set to extra extra small only with CODE128 and EAN128.
 Characters are not printed below the barcode when the width is set to extra extra small.

Example
For barcode type CODE39, with no characters printed below the barcode, a size of large (width) × 480 dots
(height) and a ratio between thick and thin bars of 3:1, the command will be as shown below.
ESC i t0 r0 he0h 01h w3 z0 B 123456789 \

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ESC i Q 2D barcode (QR Code)

ASCII: ESC i Q or q Data

Decimal: 27 105 81 or 113 Data
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 51 or 71 Data

Format: ESC i Q or q [Parameters] [Barcode data] \\\

(1) (2) (3)

Parameters
(1) [Parameters]
Unlike with 1D barcodes, all parameters must be specified in order, starting from the top.
If a value other than those listed is entered for a parameter, that parameter is specified with its default
value.
1. Cell size Specifies the dot size per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 3 Prints 3 dots per cell side. (default value)
[1-byte decimal] 4 Prints 4 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 5 Prints 5 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 6 Prints 6 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 8 Prints 8 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 10 Prints 10 dots per cell side.

2. Symbol [1-byte decimal] 1 Model 1

type [1-byte decimal] 2 Model 2 (default value)
[1-byte decimal] 3 Micro QR

3. Structured [1-byte decimal] 0 Not partitioned. (default value)

Append [1-byte decimal] 1 Partitioned (*1)
setting

4. Code [1-byte decimal] 1–16 Indicates the number of the symbol in a partitioned QR
number Code.

5. Number of [1-byte decimal] 2–16 Indicates the total number of symbols in a partitioned QR
partitions Code.

6. Parity data [1-byte hexadecimal] Value (in bytes) of exclusively OR’ing all the print data
00-FF (print data before partition)

7. Error [1-byte decimal] 1 High-density level: L 7%

correction [1-byte decimal] 2 Standard level: M 15% (default value)
level [1-byte decimal] 3 High-reliability level: Q 25%
[1-byte decimal] 4 Ultra-high-reliability level: H 30% (*2)

8. Data input [1-byte decimal] 0 Auto input (default value)

method [1-byte decimal] 1 Manual input
Selects whether numbers, English alphanumeric
characters, kanji characters or binary characters are
entered.

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(*1) With Micro QR, the Structured Append setting is invalid, and the default setting is used.
(*2) With Micro QR, error correction level 4 is invalid, and the default setting is used.

What is the QR Code Structured Append setting?

QR Codes have Structured Append settings.
A long character string can be partitioned into 2 to 16 partitions and printed.
With ESC/P commands, it is necessary to enter only the number of partitions.
For example, if the print data is partitioned into 3 partitions, the barcode data is as follows:
ESC i Q or q [1st parameter] [1st set of barcode data] \\\
ESC i Q or q [2nd parameter] [2nd set of barcode data] \\\
ESC i Q or q [3rd parameter] [3rd set of barcode data] \\\

Refer to the following for specifying settings for 3 through 6 in [Parameters].

3. Structured append This determines whether or not the barcode data is partitioned. If the data is
setting: not partitioned, enter 0.
When not partitioning, the values of 4 (code number), 5 (number of
partitions), and 6 (parity data) are ignored; therefore, enter 0 as a dummy
value for these parameters.
4. Code number: This indicates which number the ESC/P command for that QR Code is.
For example, if it is for the second of four partitions, this is 2; for the fourth
this is 4.
5. Number of partitions: This is the number of partitions.
6. Parity data: This is the value (in bytes) of exclusively OR’ing all the print data (print data
before partition). Entering the same value as for the partitioned QR Code
ESC/P command indicates that these codes are linked.

What is exclusive OR’ing in bytes?

The data is exclusively OR’ed (XOR’ed) in bytes and in order.
For example, putting a character string into hexadecimal gives 31h, 32h, 33h, 34h.
Character OR’ed (XOR’ed) in bytes Results

XOR of 31h and 32h 0011 0001 ^= 0011 0010 0000 0011 (03h)

XOR of 03h and 33h 0000 0011 ^= 0011 0011 0011 0000 (30h)

0000 0100 (04h)

XOR of 30h and 34h 0011 0000 ^= 0011 0100
Therefore, the parity is 04h.

Note
If this parity value is incorrect, the correct QR Code is not generated.

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Summary
Printing the character string “123456789” with a cell size of 4 dots, Model 2, standard error correction level,
and automatic data input.
Without Structured ESC i Q 04h 02h 00h 00h 00h 00h 02h 00h “123456789” \\\
Append

With Structured ESC i Q 04h 02h 01h 01h 03h 31h 02h 00h “123” \\\
Append ESC i Q 04h 02h 01h 02h 03h 31h 02h 00h “456” \\\
[Three partitions] ESC i Q 04h 02h 01h 03h 03h 31h 02h 00h “789” \\\
(The parity for the character string “123456789” is 31h.)

(2) [Barcode data]: Barcode data

When manual input is selected in 8 (data input method), the barcode data must be preceded with one of
the following single-byte alphanumeric characters.
Barcode Preceded
Example
Type Character

Number input N or n ESC i Q [other parameters] 01h N123456789 \\\

Alphanumeric
A or a ESC i Q [other parameters] 01h A012345678aBcDe \\\
character input

Kanji character
K or k ESC i Q [other parameters] 01h K kanji character input \\\
input

ESC i Q [other parameters] 01h B0005#### \\\

With the “4-digit number”, specify the number of binary
Binary character B or b+4-digit
characters to actually be entered. For example, if 12 binary
input number
characters are to be entered, specify:
B 0012 (30h, 30h, 31h, 32h)

The number of barcode data characters that can be entered depends on the model type and the input
method.
Model 1 707 English alphanumeric characters, 1167 numbers, 486 binary bytes, 299
kanji characters

Model 2 4296 English alphanumeric characters, 7089 numbers, 2953 binary bytes, 1817
kanji characters

Micro QR 21 English alphanumeric characters, 35 numbers, 15 binary bytes, 9 kanji

characters
Note
The numbers listed above are for an error correction level at a high-density level (L 7%).
If the standard level or higher is set, the number of characters that can be entered may decrease. In
addition, even if the characters are entered with the high-density level (L) specified, the number of
characters that can be entered may decrease due to compression.

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(3) \\\: End of barcode

There must be three backslashes to end 2D barcode.

Example
Refer to the section “Summary”.

ESC i P Specify QR Code version

ASCII: ESC i P n
Decimal: 27 105 80 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 50 n

Parameters
0≤n≤40

Description
 The barcode size can be fixed.
 The default value is 0.
 The available versions differ depending on the symbol type used.
If a setting other than those listed is specified, the setting returns to its default.
The following settings are available for each symbol type.
Model1 (0–14), Model2 (0–40), MicroQR (0–4)

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ESC i V 2D barcode (PDF417)

ASCII: ESC i V or v Data

Decimal: 27 105 86 or 118 Data
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 56 or 76 Data

Format: ESC i V or v [Parameters] [Barcode data] \\\

(1) (2) (3)

Parameters
(1) [Parameters]
Unlike with 1D barcodes, all parameters must be specified in order, starting from the top.
If a value other than those listed is entered for a parameter, that parameter is specified with its default
value.
1. Cell size Specifies the dot size per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 3 Prints 3 dots per cell side. (default value)
[1-byte decimal] 4 Prints 4 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 5 Prints 5 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 6 Prints 6 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 8 Prints 8 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 10 Prints 10 dots per cell side.

2. Symbol type [1-byte decimal] 0 Standard (default value)

[1-byte decimal] 1 Truncate
[1-byte decimal] 2 MicroPDF417 standard
[1-byte decimal] 3 MicroPDF417 Code128 emulation

3. Data input [1-byte decimal] 0 Auto input (default value)

method [1-byte decimal] 1 Binary input

4. Error [1-byte decimal] 0 Level input setting (default value)

correction [1-byte decimal] 1 Percentage input setting
capacity-type

5. Error correction capacity-value

- Level input [2-byte decimal] 0–8 Specifies the level.

(The default value is 0.)

- Percentage [2-byte decimal] 0–400 Specifies the percentage.

input (The default value is 10.)

6. Symbol size [1-byte decimal] 0 Auto setting (default value)

(X direction) [1-byte decimal] 1–30 Manual settings
*0 and 1–4 with MicroPDF417

7. Symbol size [1-byte decimal] 0 Auto setting (default value)

(Y direction) [1-byte decimal] 3–90 Manual settings
*0 and 4–44 with MicroPDF417

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8. Aspect [2-byte decimal] 1–1000 Specifies the aspect value.

value Actually, this is 0.01–10.0, but since the decimal
point cannot be entered, a value multiplied by 100 is
entered.
The default value is 50. (The actual value is 0.5.)
Note
* If a setting for the symbol size (X direction) or symbol size (Y direction) has been specified
manually, the aspect value setting is ignored.
* If a setting for the symbol size (X direction) or the symbol size (Y direction) has been entered
manually, the bar code may not be printed or an unreadable bar code may be printed.
* If both a large cell size and a high level error correction capacity have been specified, printing
may not be possible due to a full print buffer.

[With symbol type MicroPDF417]

* Since the error correction capacity is automatically determined from the symbol size (X direction)
setting, the settings for “error correction capacity and type” and “error correction capacity-value” are
ignored.
* The aspect value setting is ignored.
* The following table shows the values available for the symbol size (Y direction) according to the
symbol size (X direction) setting. If an invalid setting is specified for the symbol size (Y direction), the
default setting is specified.
Symbol Size Symbol Size
(X Direction) (Y Direction)

Auto Auto

1 Auto 11 14 17 20 24 28

2 Auto 8 11 14 17 20 23 26

3 Auto 6 8 10 12 15 20 26 32 38 44

4 Auto 4 6 8 10 12 15 20 26 32 38 44

(2) Barcode data

The numbers of barcode data characters that can be entered are as follows.
1850 alphanumeric characters, 2710 numbers, 1108 binary bytes
Note
The numbers listed above are for an error correction level at the lowest level. If the standard level
or higher is set, the number of characters that can be entered may decrease. In addition, even if
the characters are entered with the lowest level specified, the number of characters that can be
entered may decrease due to compression.

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[With symbol type MicroPDF417]

Maximum of 250 alphanumeric characters, maximum of 366 numbers, maximum of 150 bytes of binary
data
However, the following table shows the maximum amount of information allowed according to the
settings for symbol size (X direction) and symbol size (Y direction).
Maximum Amount of Information Allowed
X Y Alphanumeric Numbers Binary
Characters
1 11 6 8 3
1 14 12 17 7
1 17 18 26 10
1 20 22 32 13
1 24 30 44 18
1 28 38 55 22
2 8 14 20 8
2 11 24 35 14
2 14 36 52 21
2 17 46 67 27
2 20 56 82 33
2 23 64 93 38
2 26 72 105 43
3 6 10 14 6
3 8 18 26 10
3 10 26 38 15
3 12 34 49 20
3 15 46 67 27
3 20 66 96 39
3 26 90 132 54
3 32 114 167 68
3 38 138 202 82
3 44 162 237 97
4 4 14 20 8
4 6 22 32 13
4 8 34 49 20
4 10 46 67 27
4 12 58 85 34
4 15 76 111 45
4 20 106 155 63
4 26 142 208 85
4 32 178 261 106
4 38 214 313 128
4 44 250 366 150

(3) \\\: End of barcode

There must be three backslashes to end 2D barcodes.

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ESC i D 2D barcode (DataMatrix)

ASCII: ESC i D or d data

Decimal: 27 105 68 or 100 data
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 44 or 64 data

Format: ESC i D or d [Parameters] [Barcode data] \\\

(1) (2) (3)

Parameters
(1) [Parameters]
Unlike with 1D barcodes, all parameters must be specified in order, starting from the top.
If a value other than those listed is entered for a parameter, that parameter is specified with its default
value.
1. Cell size Specifies the dot size per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 3 Prints 3 dots per cell side. (default value)
[1-byte decimal] 4 Prints 4 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 5 Prints 5 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 6 Prints 6 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 8 Prints 8 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 10 Prints 10 dots per cell side.

2. Symbol [1-byte decimal] 0 ECC200 square (default value)

type [1-byte decimal] 1 ECC200 rectangular

3. Vertical [ECC200 square]

size [1-byte decimal] 0 Vertical no. of cells: AUTO (default value)
[1-byte decimal] 10 Vertical no. of cells: 10 cells
[1-byte decimal] 12 Vertical no. of cells: 12 cells
[1-byte decimal] 14 Vertical no. of cells: 14 cells
[1-byte decimal] 16 Vertical no. of cells: 16 cells
[1-byte decimal] 18 Vertical no. of cells: 18 cells
[1-byte decimal] 20 Vertical no. of cells: 20 cells
[1-byte decimal] 22 Vertical no. of cells: 22 cells
[1-byte decimal] 24 Vertical no. of cells: 24 cells
[1-byte decimal] 26 Vertical no. of cells: 26 cells
[1-byte decimal] 32 Vertical no. of cells: 32 cells
[1-byte decimal] 36 Vertical no. of cells: 36 cells
[1-byte decimal] 40 Vertical no. of cells: 40 cells
[1-byte decimal] 44 Vertical no. of cells: 44 cells
[1-byte decimal] 48 Vertical no. of cells: 48 cells
[1-byte decimal] 52 Vertical no. of cells: 52 cells
[1-byte decimal] 64 Vertical no. of cells: 64 cells
[1-byte decimal] 72 Vertical no. of cells: 72 cells
[1-byte decimal] 80 Vertical no. of cells: 80 cells
[1-byte decimal] 88 Vertical no. of cells: 88 cells
[1-byte decimal] 96 Vertical no. of cells: 96 cells
(continued to the next page)

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3. Vertical (continued from the previous page)

size
(continued) [1-byte decimal] 104 Vertical no. of cells: 104 cells
[1-byte decimal] 120 Vertical no. of cells: 120 cells
[1-byte decimal] 132 Vertical no. of cells: 132 cells
[1-byte decimal] 144 Vertical no. of cells: 144 cells

[ECC200 rectangular]
[1-byte decimal] 0 Vertical no. of cells: AUTO (default value)
[1-byte decimal] 8 Vertical no. of cells: 8 cells
[1-byte decimal] 12 Vertical no. of cells: 12 cells
[1-byte decimal] 16 Vertical no. of cells: 16 cells

4. Horizontal [ECC200 square]

size [1-byte decimal] x Horizontal no. of cells: Same value as vertical size (x)

[ECC200 rectangular]
(1) When the vertical size is AUTO
[1-byte decimal] 0 Horizontal no. of cells: AUTO (default value)

(2) When the vertical size is 8 cells

[1-byte decimal] 18 Horizontal no. of cells: 18 cells
[1-byte decimal] 32 Horizontal no. of cells: 32 cells

(3) When the vertical size is 12 cells

[1-byte decimal] 26 Horizontal no. of cells: 26 cells
[1-byte decimal] 36 Horizontal no. of cells: 36 cells

(4) When the vertical size is 16 cells

[1-byte decimal] 36 Horizontal no. of cells: 36 cells
[1-byte decimal] 48 Horizontal no. of cells: 48 cells

5. Reserved [1-byte decimal]×5 0 5 bytes of dummy data (0) is sent.

Note
* If the vertical size is specified as a value other than those listed for ECC200 square, the AUTO
setting is selected. If the horizontal size is specified as a value different from the vertical size, the
setting is changed to the same value as the horizontal size.
* If the vertical or horizontal size for ECC200 rectangular is specified as a value other than those
listed, the AUTO setting is selected.

(2) [Barcode data]: Barcode data

The maximum number of barcode data characters that can be entered is listed below.
2335 alphanumeric characters, 3116 numbers, 1556 bytes of binary data
Note
The numbers of characters that can be entered (as listed above) are for the maximum vertical ×
horizontal cell settings (144 cells × 144 cells). The number of characters that can be entered may
decrease, depending on the specified settings.

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(3) \\\: End of barcode

There must be three backslashes to end 2D barcodes.

Example
For data “12345” with symbol type ECC square at 40 × 40 with a 3-dot cell size, the command will be as
shown below.
ESC i D 03h 00h 28h(40d) 28h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h “12345” \\\

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ESC i M 2D barcode (MaxiCode)

ASCII: ESC i M or m data

Decimal: 27 105 77 or 109 data
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 4D or 6D data

Format: ESC i M or m [Parameters] \ [Barcode data] \\\

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Parameters
(1) [Parameters]
If a value other than those listed is entered for a parameter, that parameter is specified with its default
value.
1. Symbol
type [1-byte decimal] 0 Standard (default value)
[1-byte decimal] 1 Full EEC
[1-byte decimal] 2 Structured carrier message

2. Structured [1-byte decimal] 0 With Structured Append (default value)

Append [1-byte decimal] 1 Without Structured Append
setting

(2) \ (backslash)
Separator between parameters and barcode data

(3) [Barcode data]: Barcode data

The number of barcode data characters that can be entered is listed below.
Maximum Amount of Information Allowed
Symbol Type
Alphanumeric Characters Numbers

Standard 93 138

Full EEC 77 113

Structured carrier message 84 126

Note
The numbers of characters that can be entered (as listed above) are for when using only the
common character set (code set A in the MaxiCode specifications). The number of characters that
can be entered may decrease, depending on the characters that are used.

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When the symbol type is the structured carrier message, the service class, country code and postal
code can be specified separately from the normal data. Specify each value, separated by a backslash
and comma (\,), immediately before the normal data.

<postal_code>\,<country_code>\,<service_class>\,<normal_barcode_data>

When “\,” is not used three times, the data is written as shown in the following example.
<data1>\,<data2>\,<normal_barcode_data>

Service class=default value

Country code
Postal code

If a value other than those listed is entered for a parameter, that parameter is specified with its default
value.
Postal code 9 or less numbers, or Ignored when not structured carrier message.
6 or less alphanumeric characters Default value: 000000000

Country code 3 or less numbers Ignored when not structured carrier message.
Default value: 000

Service class 3 or less numbers Ignored when not structured carrier message.
Default value: 000

Note
If the postal code is specified as alphanumeric characters, characters other than those listed
below are invalid.
A to Z “ # $ % & ‘ ( ) * + , - . / 0 to 9 :
However, lowercase letters (a to z) are converted to the valid uppercase letters (A to Z).

(4) \\\: End of barcode

There must be three backslashes to end 2D barcodes.

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ESC i J 2D barcode (Aztec)

ASCII: ESC i J or j data

Decimal: 27 105 74 or 106 data
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 4A or 6A data

Format: ESC i J or j [Parameters] [Barcode data] \\\

(1) (2) (3)

Parameters
(1) [Parameters]
If a value other than those listed is entered for a parameter, that parameter is specified with its default
value.
1. Cell size Specifies the dot size per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 1 Prints 1 dot per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 2 Prints 2 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 3 Prints 3 dots per cell side. (default value)
[1-byte decimal] 4 Prints 4 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 5 Prints 5 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 6 Prints 6 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 8 Prints 8 dots per cell side.
[1-byte decimal] 10 Prints 10 dots per cell side.

2. Symbol [1-byte decimal] 0 Full range (default value)

type [1-byte decimal] 1 Compact
[1-byte decimal] 2 Auto setting

3. Error
correction [1-byte decimal] 1–99 [Percentage （default value is 23）
capacity

4. Symbol [Full range]

size [1-byte decimal] 0 Auto setting (default value)
[1-byte decimal] 4–32 Manual settings

[Compact]
[1-byte decimal] 0 Auto setting (default value)
[1-byte decimal] 1–4 Manual settings

Note: Symbol size is fixed as AUTO when Symbol type is specified as AUTO.

5. Structured [1-byte decimal] 0 Not partitioned. (default value)

Append [1-byte decimal] 1 Partitioned
setting [1-byte decimal] 2 Partitioned Specify the number of blocks

6. Number of [1-byte decimal] 2–26 Partitioned Only valid when the number of blocks is
blocks specified (Default it 2)

7. Message Character string（Terminal Invalid when append setting 0.

ID value is 00h）

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(2) [Barcode data]: Barcode data

The maximum number of barcode data characters that can be entered is listed below.
3067 alphanumeric characters, 3832 numbers, 1914 bytes of binary data
Note
The number of characters shown above is only for the Full-Range mode and varies depending on
setting.

(3) \\\: End of barcode

There must be three backslashes to end 2D barcodes.

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ESC i F Print downloaded data

ASCII: ESC i F P n
Decimal: 27 105 70 80 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 46 50 n

Parameters
n: file header index
0≤n≤98

Description
 Expands downloaded data in the print buffer as image data.
 Expands downloaded image data from the print position.
 If there is no image data, this command is ignored.

Must be
downloaded
beforehand

Image file
(.bmp)
This printer PC

Abcdefg

ABCDEFG

HIJK

Example: Combination of text and downloaded image

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 As with text, if the image data does not all fit on the current line, an automatic line feed is performed, and
the data is placed at the beginning of the next line. At that time, the any data that does not fit in the print
area is deleted.

Abcdefg Abcdefg Abcdefg

1. The text is entered. 2. The downloaded image 3. Since the image does
is entered. not fit, it is pasted in
after an automatic line
feed.
Example: Normal size

Abc

Abc Abc

1. The text is entered. 2. The downloaded image 3. Since the image does not fit,
is entered. it is pasted in after an
automatic line feed and
trimmed to fit between the
left and right margins.

Example: Image larger than the distance between left and right margins

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 ESC/P Command Reference

 If the result of pasting in the downloaded image extends beyond the bottom margin position, the image is
pasted in after a page feed. However, if the downloaded image is larger than the entire area between the
top and bottom margins, the entire image is ignored.

Abcdefg Abcdefg Abcdefg

WLMBGOr WLMBGOr

Dabfdifpdzra Dabfdifpdzra

BGHJgmfg BGHJgmfg

gfdslrt gfdslrt

1. The text is entered. 2. The downloaded image 3. Since the image does not
is entered. fit, it is pasted in after an
automatic page feed.

Example: Image smaller than the distance between the top and bottom margins

Abcdefg Abcdefg Abcdefg

WLMBGOr WLMBGOr WLMBGOr

Dabfdifpdzra Dabfdifpdzra Dabfdifpdzra

1. The text is entered. 2. The downloaded image 3. The entire image is

is entered. ignored.

Example: Image larger than the distance between top and bottom margins

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 ESC/P Command Reference

 There are limits on the amount of image data that can be stored in the printer. The size of the storage area
is 6,144 KB. However, bitmap data is not stored as is, but is converted into the printer storage format by
Transfer Manager.
 Image data larger than the media size is handled by deleting the portion of the image that does not fit
within the size of the media.
The portion of image data deleted depends on the media orientation.

Examples
 Portrait (Media: Die-cut shipping label)
Size of Downloaded Image Print Size

1109 (height)×696 (width) 1109 (height)×696 (width) (Not deleted)

696 (height)×1109 (width) 696 (height)×696 (width) (Part deleted)

With a downloaded image saved at

696 (height) by 1109 (width)

Portion not used

Portion used

 Landscape (Media: Die-cut shipping label)

Size of Downloaded Image Print Size

696 (height)×1109 (width) 1109 (height)×696 (width) (Not deleted)

1109 (height)×696 (width) 696 (height)×696 (width) (Part deleted)

With a downloaded image saved at

1109 (height) by 696 (width)

Portion used

Portion not used

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC i a Switch command mode

ASCII: ESC i a n
Decimal: 27 105 97 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 61 n

Parameters
n: Command mode
0 or 48: ESC/P standard mode
1 or 49: Raster graphics mode
3 or 51: P-touch Template mode

Description
 Switches the command mode to ESC/P, P-touch Template or PTCBP (raster graphics) mode.
 Dynamically switches between the three modes.
 Since this is a dynamic command, after the printer is turned off and on again, the setting returns to the
previously setting.

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC i S Status information request

ASCII: ESC i S
Decimal: 27 105 83
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 53

Parameters
None

Description
 Sends a requests for the printer status.
The printer status consists of 32 bytes.

Order Offset Size Name Value/Standard

1 0 1 Print head mark Fixed at 80h
2 1 1 Size Fixed at 20h
3 2 1 Brother code Fixed at “B” (42h)
4 3 1 Series code Fixed at “4” (34h)
QL-1100: Fixed at “C” (43h)
5 4 1 Model code
QL-1110: Fixed at “D” (44h)
6 5 1 Country code Fixed at “0” (30h)
7 6 1 Reserved Fixed at 00h
8 7 1 Reserved Fixed at 00h
9 8 1 Error information 1 Refer to table (1) below.
10 9 1 Error information 2 Refer to table (2) below.
11 10 1 Media width Refer to “3.1 Print area” on page 10.
12 11 1 Media type Refer to table (3) below.
13 12 1 Number of colors Fixed at 00h
14 13 1 Media length (higher order bytes) Refer to “3.1 Print area” on page 10.
15 14 1 Media sensor value Refer to “3.1 Print area” on page 10.
16 15 1 Mode Fixed at 00h
17 16 1 Density Fixed at 00h
18 17 1 Media length (lower order bytes) Refer to “3.1 Print area” on page 10.
19 18 1 Status type Refer to table (4) below.
20 19 1 Phase type Fixed at 00h
21 20 1 Phase number (higher order bytes) Fixed at 00h
22 21 1 Phase number (lower order bytes) Fixed at 00h
23 22 1 Notification number Not used
24 23 1 Expansion area (number of bytes) Fixed at 00h
25 24 8 Reserved Fixed at 00h

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 ESC/P Command Reference

(1) Error information 1

Flag Mask Meaning
Bit 0 01h “No media” error
Bit 1 02h Not used
Bit 2 04h “Cutter jam” error
Bit 3 08h Not used
Bit 4 10h Printer in use
Bit 5 20h Printer turned off
Bit 6 40h Not used
Bit 7 80h Not used

(2) Error information 2

Flag Mask Meaning
Bit 0 01h “Replace media” error
Bit 1 02h “Expansion buffer full” error
Bit 2 04h Communication error
Bit 3 08h Not used
Bit 4 10h “Cover open” error
Bit 5 20h Not used
Bit 6 40h Leading edge detection error
Bit 7 80h System error

(3) Media type

Media Type Value Remarks
None 00h No media
Continuous length tape 0Ah
Die-cut label 0Bh

(4) Status type

Status Type Value Remarks
Reply to status request 00h
(Not used) 01h
Error occurred 02h
(Not used) 03h - FFh

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC i L Specify landscape orientation

ASCII: ESC i L n
Decimal: 27 105 76 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 4C n

Parameters
n=0, 1 or 48, 49

Description
 Applies or cancels the landscape orientation
n=1 or 49 (“1”): Applies the landscape orientation.
n=0 or 48 (“0”): Cancels the landscape orientation.
 Using this command clears all text.
 Before entering text, specify the paper orientation with this command.
 When the printer is turned on, the landscape orientation is canceled.

ABC
ABC

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC i C Specify cutting

ASCII: ESC i C n
Decimal: 27 105 67 n
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 43 n

Parameters
n=0, 1 or 48, 49

Description
 Specifies cutting after printing.
n=1 or 49 (“1”): Specifies cutting.
n=0 or 48 (“0”): Cancels cutting.
 The default auto cut setting can be changed with the P-touch Template Settings Tool
(P-touch Template Settings.exe).
 The number of auto cut copies can be specified with the P-touch Template Settings Tool
(P-touch Template Settings.exe).
 Manufacturer’s default auto cut setting: ON (auto cut)
Manufacturer’s default auto cut copies: 1

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 ESC/P Command Reference

5.10 Advanced static commands

ESC iXQ2 Select default character style

ASCII: ESC i X Q 2 n1 n2 n3
Decimal: 27 105 88 81 50 n1 n2 n3
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 51 32 n1 n2 n3

Parameters
n1: 01h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)
00h≤n3≤04h

Description
 Selects the default character style.
n3=00h: None (normal characters) (*Manufacturer’s default)
n3=01h: Bold
n3=02h: Outline
n3=03h: Shadow
n3=04h: Shadow and outline
 This command is a static command.

Remarks
 Invalid if n3 is a value other than 00h through 04h

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iXQ1 Retrieve default character style

ASCII: ESC i X Q 1 n1 n2
Decimal: 27 105 88 81 49 n1 n2
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 51 31 n1 n2

Parameters
n1: 00h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)

Description
 The default character style setting is returned as 3-byte data.
[1] 01h (Fixed)
[2] 00h (Fixed)
[3] Setting
00h: None (normal characters)
01h: Bold
02h: Outline
03h: Shadow
04h: Shadow and outline
 The retrieved value is a value specified by a static command.

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iXk2 Select default font

ASCII: ESC i X k 2 n1 n2 n3
Decimal: 27 105 88 107 50 n1 n2 n3
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 6B 32 n1 n2 n3

Parameters
n1: 01h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)
00h≤n3≤04h, 09h≤n3≤0Bh

Description
 Selects the default font.
n3=00h: Brougham (bitmap) (Manufacturer’s default)
n3=01h: Letter Gothic Bold (bitmap)
n3=02h: Brussels (bitmap)
n3=03h: Helsinki (bitmap)
n3=04h: San Diego (bitmap)
n3=09h: Letter Gothic (outline)
n3=0Ah: Brussels (outline)
n3=0Bh: Helsinki (outline)
 This command is a static command.

Remarks
 Invalid if n3 is a value outside of the allowable range

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iXk1 Retrieve default font

ASCII: ESC i X k 1 n1 n2
Decimal: 27 105 88 107 49 n1 n2
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 6B 31 n1 n2

Parameters
n1: 00h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)

Description
 The default font setting is returned as 3-byte data.
[1] 01h (Fixed)
[2] 00h (Fixed)
[3] Setting
00h: Brougham (bitmap) (Manufacturer’s default)
01h: Letter Gothic Bold (bitmap)
02h: Brussels (bitmap)
03h: Helsinki (bitmap)
04h: San Diego (bitmap)
09h: Letter Gothic (outline)
0Ah: Brussels (outline)
0Bh: Helsinki (outline)
 The retrieved value is a value specified by a static command.

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iXX2 Specify default character size

ASCII: ESC i X X 2 n1 n2 n3 n4
Decimal: 27 105 88 88 50 n1 n2 n3 n4
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 58 32 n1 n2 n3 n4

Parameters
n1: 02h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)
00h≤n3≤FFh, 00h≤n4≤01h

Description
 Specifies the default character size.
n3+(n4*256): Default character size (dots)
 The following settings (dots) are valid.
24, 32, 33, 38, 42, 46, 48, 50, 58, 67, 75, 83, 92, 100, 117, 133, 150, 167, 200, 233, 267, 300, 333, 367,
400
The manufacturer’s default is 32.
 This command is a static command.

Remarks
 Invalid if the setting is a value outside of the allowable range

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iXX1 Retrieve default character size

ASCII: ESC i X X 1 n1 n2
Decimal: 27 105 88 88 49 n1 n2
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 58 31 n1 n2

Parameters
n1: 00h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)

Description
 The default character size setting is returned as 4-byte data.
[1] 02h (Fixed)
[2] 00h (Fixed)
[3, 4] n3 n4 settings
n3+(n4*256): Default character size (dots)
 The retrieved value is a value specified by a static command.

ESC iX32 Specify default line feed

ASCII: ESC i X 3 2 n1 n2 n3 n4
Decimal: 27 105 88 51 50 n1 n2 n3 n4
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 33 32 n1 n2 n3 n4

Parameters
n1: 02h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)
00h≤n3≤FFh, 00h≤n4≤04h

Description
 Specifies the default line feed.
n3+(n4*256): Default line feed (dots) (0 through 1275)
*The manufacturer’s default is 48.
 This command is a static command.

Remarks
 Invalid if the setting is a value outside of the allowable range

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iX31 Retrieve default line feed

ASCII: ESC i X 3 1 n1 n2
Decimal: 27 105 88 51 49 n1 n2
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 33 31 n1 n2

Parameters
n1: 00h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)

Description
 The default line feed setting is returned as 4-byte data.
[1] 02h (Fixed)
[2] 00h (Fixed)
[3, 4] n3 n4 settings
n3+(n4*256): Default line feed (dots)
 The retrieved value is a value specified by a static command.

ESC iXA2 Select default alignment

ASCII: ESC i X A 2 n1 n2 n3
Decimal: 27 105 88 65 50 n1 n2 n3
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 41 32 n1 n2 n3

Parameters
n1: 01h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)
00h≤n3≤02h

Description
 Selects the default alignment.
n3=00h: Left alignment (Manufacturer’s default)
n3=01h: Center alignment
n3=02h: Right alignment
 This command is a static command.

Remarks
 Invalid if n3 is a value outside of the allowable range
 If the print media is continuous length tape, the printing orientation is landscape and the page length is not
specified, commands specifying the alignment are ignored.

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iXA1 Retrieve default alignment

ASCII: ESC i X A 1 n1 n2
Decimal: 27 105 88 65 49 n1 n2
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 41 31 n1 n2

Parameters
n1: 00h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)

Description
 The default alignment setting is returned as 3-byte data.
[1] 01h (Fixed)
[2] 00h (Fixed)
[3] Setting
00h: Left alignment
01h: Center alignment
02h: Right alignment
 The retrieved value is a value specified by a static command.

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 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iX(2 Specify default page length

ASCII: ESC i X ( 2 n1 n2 n3 n4
Decimal: 27 105 88 40 50 n1 n2 n3 n4
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 28 32 n1 n2 n3 n4

Parameters
n1: 02h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)
00h≤n3≤FFh, 00h≤n4≤2Eh

Description
 Specifies the default page length.
n3+(n4*256): Default page length (dots) (0, 80 through 11999)
*A default page length of 0 indicates the Auto setting.
*The manufacturer’s default is 0.
 This command is a static command.

Remarks
 Invalid if the setting is a value outside of the allowable range

ESC iX(1 Retrieve default page length

ASCII: ESC i X ( 1 n1 n2
Decimal: 27 105 88 40 49 n1 n2
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 28 31 n1 n2

Parameters
n1: 00h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)

Description
 The default page length setting is returned as 4-byte data.
[1] 02h (Fixed)
[2] 00h (Fixed)
[3, 4] n3 n4 settings
n3+(n4*256): Default page length (dots)
*A default page length of 0 indicates the Auto setting.
 The retrieved value is a value specified by a static command.

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iXL2 Select default landscape orientation

ASCII: ESC i X L 2 n1 n2 n3
Decimal: 27 105 88 76 50 n1 n2 n3
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 4C 32 n1 n2 n3

Parameters
n1: 01h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)
00h≤n3≤01h

Description
 Selects the default landscape orientation setting.
n3=00h: Cancel landscape orientation (*Manufacturer’s default)
n3=01h: Apply landscape orientation
 This command is a static command.

Remarks
 Invalid if n3 is a value outside of the allowable range

ESC iXL1 Retrieve default landscape orientation

ASCII: ESC i X L 1 n1 n2
Decimal: 27 105 88 76 49 n1 n2
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 4C 31 n1 n2

Parameters
n1: 00h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)

Description
 The default landscape orientation setting is returned as 3-byte data.
[1] 01h (Fixed)
[2] 00h (Fixed)
[3] Setting
00h: Cancel landscape orientation
01h: Apply landscape orientation
 The retrieved value is a value specified by a static command.

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iXj2 Select default international character set

ASCII: ESC i X j 2 n1 n2 n3
Decimal: 27 105 88 106 50 n1 n2 n3
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 6A 32 n1 n2 n3

Parameters
n1: 01h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)
00h≤n3≤0Dh, 40h

Description
 Selects the default international character set.
n3=00h: U.S.A. (*Manufacturer’s default)
n3=01h: France
n3=02h: Germany
n3=03h: U.K.
n3=04h: Denmark I
n3=05h: Sweden
n3=06h: Italy
n3=07h: Spain I
n3=08h: Japan
n3=09h: Norway
n3=0Ah: Denmark II
n3=0Bh: Spain II
n3=0Ch: Latin America
n3=0Dh: South Korea
n3=40h: Legal
 This command is a static command.

Remarks
 Invalid if n3 is a value outside of the allowable range

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iXj1 Retrieve default international character set

ASCII: ESC i X j 1 n1 n2
Decimal: 27 105 88 106 49 n1 n2
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 6A 31 n1 n2

Parameters
n1: 00h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)

Description
 The default international character set setting is returned as 3-byte data.
[1] 01h (Fixed)
[2] 00h (Fixed)
[3] Setting
00h: U.S.A.
01h: France
02h: Germany
03h: U.K.
04h: Denmark I
05h: Sweden
06h: Italy
07h: Spain I
08h: Japan
09h: Norway
0Ah: Denmark II
0Bh: Spain II
0Ch: Latin America
0Dh: South Korea
40h: Legal
 The retrieved value is a value specified by a static command.

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

ESC iXm2 Select default character code set

ASCII: ESC i X m 2 n1 n2 n3
Decimal: 27 105 88 109 50 n1 n2 n3
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 6D 32 n1 n2 n3

Parameters
n1: 01h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)
n3: 00h, 01h, 02h

Description
 Selects the default character code set.
n3=00h: Standard character code set
n3=01h: Eastern European character code set
n3=02h: Western European character code set (Manufacturer’s default)
 This command is a static command.

Remarks
 Invalid if n3 is a value outside of the allowable range

ESC iXm1 Retrieve default character code set

ASCII: ESC i X m 1 n1 n2
Decimal: 27 105 88 109 49 n1 n2
Hexadecimal: 1B 69 58 6D 31 n1 n2

Parameters
n1: 00h (Fixed)
n2: 00h (Fixed)

Description
 The default character code set setting is returned as 3-byte data.
[1] 01h (Fixed)
[2] 00h (Fixed)
[3] Setting
00h: Standard character code set
01h: Eastern European character code set
02h: Western European character code set
 The retrieved value is a value specified by a static command.

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5. Control Command Details
 ESC/P Command Reference

Appendix A: Character Code Tables

Character code tables

(1) Windows1252 (Western Europe)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

0 SP 0 @ P ` p € ° À Ð à ð

1 ! 1 A Q a q ~ ‘ ¡ ± Á Ñ á ñ

2 ” 2 B R b r , ’ ¢ ² Â Ò â ò

3 # 3 C S c s ƒ “ £ ³ Ã Ó ã ó

4 $ 4 D T d t „ ” ¤ ´ Ä Ô ä ô

5 % 5 E U e u … • ¥ µ Å Õ å õ

6 & 6 F V f v † - | ¶ Æ Ö æ ö

7 ’ 7 G W g w ‡ — § · Ç × ç ÷

8 ( 8 H X h x ˆ ˜ ¨ ¸ È Ø è ø

9 ) 9 I Y i y ‰  © ¹ É Ù é ù

a o
A * : J Z j z Š š ¯ ¯ Ê Ú ê ú

B + ; K [ k { < > « » Ë Û ë û

C , < L \ l ¦ Œ œ ¬ ¼ Ì Ü ì ü

D - = M ] m } ­ ½ Í Ý í ý

E . > N ^ n ˜ Ž ž ® ¾ Î Þ î þ

F / ? O _ o DEL Ÿ ¯ ¿ Ï ß ï ÿ
Note
" " indicates that a space is printed.
" " indicates that the character will switch when the international character set is changed.

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Appendix A: Character Code Tables
 ESC/P Command Reference

(2) Windows1250 (Eastern Europe)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

0 SP 0 @ P ` p € tˇ ° Ŕ Đ ŕ đ

1 ! 1 A Q a q À ‘ ˇ ± Á Ń á ń

2 " 2 B R b r , ’ ˘ ˛ Â Ň â ň

3 # 3 C S c s ˇ “ Ł ł Ă Ó ă ó
L
4 $ 4 D T d t „ ” ¤ ´ Ä Ô ä ô

5 % 5 E U e u … • Ą µ Ĺ Ő ĺ ő

6 & 6 F V f v † – | ¶ Ć Ö ć ö

7 ’ 7 G W g w ‡ — § · Ç × ç ÷

8 ( 8 H X h x ľ ¨ ¸ Č Ř č ř

9 ) 9 I Y i y ‰ ™ © ą É Ů é ů

A * : J Z j z Š š Ş ş Ę Ú ę ú

B + ; K [ k { < > « » Ë Ű ë ű

C , < L \ l ¦ Ś ś ¬ Ľ Ě Ü ě ü

D – = M ] m } Ť ť – ˝ Í Ý í ý

E . > N ^ n ˜ Ž ž ® ľ Î Ţ î ţ

F / ? O _ o DEL Ź ź Ż ż Ď ß ď ˙
Note
" " indicates that a space is printed.
" " indicates that the character will switch when the international character set is changed.

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Appendix A: Character Code Tables
 ESC/P Command Reference

(3) Brother standard

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

0 SP 0 @ P ` p Ç É á ░ └ α

1 ! 1 A Q a q ü æ í ▒ ┴ β ±

2 ” 2 B R b r é Æ ó ▓ ┬

3 # 3 C S c s â ô ú │ ├ ¾

4 $ 4 D T d t ä ö ñ ┤ ─

5 % 5 E U e u à ò Ñ ┼ §

a
6 & 6 F V f v å û ¯ µ ÷

o
7 ’ 7 G W g w ç ù ¯

8 ( 8 H X h x ê ÿ ¿ © ╚ °

9 ) 9 I Y i y ë Ö ® ╣ ╔ ┘ ·

A * : J Z j z è Ü € ║ ╩ ┌ Ω

B + ; K [ k { ï ¢ ½ ╗ ╦  δ

C , < L \ l ¦ î £ ¼ ╝ ╠  ³

D - = M ] m } ì ¥ ¡ TEL ═ ø ²

E . > N ^ n ˜ Ä Pts « FAX ╬

F / ? O _ o DEL Å ƒ » ┐ 
Note
" " indicates that a space is printed.
" " indicates that the character will switch when the international character set is changed.

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Appendix A: Character Code Tables
 ESC/P Command Reference

International character set table

Corresponding characters that switch in each language when the international character set is changed

n 23 24 40 5B 5C 5D 5E 60 7B 7C 7D 7E
0 United States (U.S.A) # $ @ [ \ ] ^ ` { ¦ } ˜
1 France # $ à ° ç § ^ ` é ù è ¨
2 Germany # $ § Ä Ö Ü ^ ` ä ö ü ß
3 Britain (U.K.) £ $ @ [ \ ] ^ ` { ¦ } ˜
4 Denmark I # $ @ Æ Ø Å ^ ` æ ø å ˜
5 Sweden # ¤ É Ä Ö Å Ü é ä ö å ü
6 Italy # $ @ ° \ é ^ ù à ò è ì
7 Spain I Pt $ @ ¡ Ñ ¿ ^ ` ¨ ñ } ˜
8 Japan # $ @ [ ¥ ] ^ ` { ¦ } ˜
9 Norway # ¤ É Æ Ø Å Ü é æ ø å ü
10 Denmark II # $ É Æ Ø Å Ü é æ ø å ü
11 Spain II # $ á ¡ Ñ ¿ é ` í ñ ó ú
12 Latin America # $ á ¡ Ñ ¿ é ü í ñ ó ú
13 South Korea # $ @ [ W ] ^ ` { ¦ } ˜
64 Legal # $ § ° ´ " ¶ ` © ® † TM

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Appendix A: Character Code Tables
 ESC/P Command Reference

Appendix B: Introducing the Brother Developer Center

Useful information for developers, such as applications, tools, SDKs as well as FAQs, are provided in the
Brother Developer Center.
http://www.brother.com/product/dev/index.htm

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Appendix B: Introducing the Brother Developer Center