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Epid 620-801 Computer Assignment 1

This document provides instructions for Computer Assignment 1 for an epidemiology course. Students are asked to analyze data from a cohort study examining the association between diet soft drink consumption and risk of esophageal cancer and bladder cancer. Using the data provided, students must run analyses in SAS to generate 2x2 tables and calculate measures of association, including risk ratios, odds ratios, and risk differences. They then need to interpret the results and compare the different measures.

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184 views2 pages

Epid 620-801 Computer Assignment 1

This document provides instructions for Computer Assignment 1 for an epidemiology course. Students are asked to analyze data from a cohort study examining the association between diet soft drink consumption and risk of esophageal cancer and bladder cancer. Using the data provided, students must run analyses in SAS to generate 2x2 tables and calculate measures of association, including risk ratios, odds ratios, and risk differences. They then need to interpret the results and compare the different measures.

Uploaded by

welcome martin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EPID 620/PUBH 801: Epidemiologic Methods I

Computer Assignment 1
Cohort Study & Measures of Association

Learning Objectives
 Analyze data from a cohort study
 Interpret and compare the risk ratio, risk difference, odds ratio and rate ratio

Please upload the completed assignment to Blackboard in Word document form.


 Please use 12 point font and 1-inch margins.
 Answer each question in words (only pasting your table will not give you full credit). Be
precise and comprehensive with your interpretations of the statistics (measures of
association and of statistical significance).
 Paste the pertinent (and only the pertinent) tables from the SAS output under the
question you are answering so we can see where your answer comes from.
 Paste the complete SAS syntax necessary to do the entire assignment at the end of the
assignment (do not paste the syntax in sections under the questions).

Study:
You conduct a study to determine whether diet soft drinks are associated with an elevated risk
for cancers (specifically bladder cancer and esophageal cancer). You recruit 253 individuals
who are cancer-free, and follow them over a period of 10 years. Exposure was defined at
baseline: in other words, 42 of the study participants reported drinking diet soft drinks on a
regular basis (at least 60ozs per week) at the beginning of the study, and were therefore
classified as exposed. The data, called “CompAssign1.sav”, are available on Blackboard in the
Computer Assignment 1 folder. Using PROC FREQ in SAS, create a 2x2 table and calculate
relevant statistics to answer the following questions. There is sample code at the bottom of
this worksheet. Please show your calculations and relevant outputs to answer the questions.

Esophageal Cancer

1. What hypothesis are you testing regarding diet soft drinks and esophageal cancer?

2. What is the risk (incidence proportion over 10 years) of esophageal cancer among the
exposed? Among the unexposed?

3. What is the RR and 95% confidence interval obtained from SAS? How would you interpret
your findings?

4. Calculate the risk ratio (RR) for the diet soda - esophageal cancer association by hand.

5. What is the OR and 95% CI from SAS? How would you interpret your findings?

6. Calculate the odds ratio (OR) for the diet soda - esophageal cancer association by hand.
7. What is the risk difference (RD), and how would you interpret it?

1
EPID 620/PUBH 801: Epidemiologic Methods I

8. Calculate the risk difference for esophageal cancer by hand.

9. Can you estimate the rate ratio from the 2x2 table? If so, what assumptions do you need to
make to estimate the rate ratio given the information you have? Calculate and interpret the
rate ratio using this method.

10. How do the risk ratio, odds ratio and rate ratio compare to each other (i.e. are they similar,
different or the same)? Please explain the pattern observed and your answer.

Bladder Cancer

1. What hypothesis are you testing regarding diet soft drinks and bladder cancer?

2. What are the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval from SAS? How would you interpret
your findings?

3. What are the OR and 95% CI from SAS? How would you interpret the findings?

4. What is the RD, and how would you interpret it?

5. As in question 10 above, please compare the RR, OR, and IRR and explain the pattern
observed and your answer.

SAS EXAMPLE:

*The name of your data is ‘comp_assign1’;


proc freq data = comp_assign1;
table gender * parasite / cmh relrisk riskdiff;
*The ‘cmh’ option requests risks & odds (row*column) where the column
variable is the outcome or dependent variable;
run;

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