International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development

Online ISSN: 2349-4182, Print ISSN: 2349-5979, Impact Factor: RJIF 5.72
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Volume 4; Issue 2; February 2017; Page No. 162-164

Effect of squat jump training on performance of high jumping in young female students
1
Karuna Gautam Kamble, 2 Dr. Atharuddin H Kazi
1
Physiotherapy Intern, Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam College of Physiotherapy, PIMS Loni, Maharashtra, India
2
Associate Professor and Head of Department of Cardiorespiratory Department, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam College of
Physiotherapy, PIMS Loni, Maharashtra, India

Abstract
Background: The vertical jump is a test of hip and thigh power production. A strength training program using squat as the main
exercise increases the strength of key muscles involved in vertical jump. The squat vertical jump is a technique widely used to
develop concentric leg extensor power.
Methodology: Thirty participants from Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam College of Physiotherapy. The basic height of the participant was
assessed, the pre readings of high jump test were taken and the interventions were given for 6 weeks. After the complete period of
intervention, post readings of high jump test were performed.
Result: Comparison between pre and post vertical jump height is extremely significant.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that squat jump training was effective in improving high jump performance.

Keywords: high jump, squat jump

1. Introduction the science of muscle strength and power development. Heavy

The vertical jump is an essential skill that is utilized in more resistance training using more loads and slow velocities of
highly competitive sports. Many training regimens strive to concentric muscle actions may lead to improved strength (high
maximize vertical jump ability to improve an athlete‘s force and low velocity portion of the force velocity curve).
performance in their respective sports and the skill used to Power training uses lighter resistances and higher velocities of
reach a point high above the ground from a jump can often muscle action, might result in increased force output at higher
determine the difference between success and failure, wins velocities and increased rate of force development [3].
and losses. Jumping and quick movements often requires The squat vertical jump is a technique widely used to develop
muscular strength and power. In order to increase vertical concentric leg extensor power; particularly in plyometric and
jumping, one needs to pay special attention to the factor of power training programs [5]. Vertical jump height measurement
power. Power is the creation of muscular force and velocity or is a simple method that favourably compares with isokinetic
as an instant value during a given movement [4]. testing as a measurement of knee extension power [6]. Vertical
The vertical jump is a test of hip and thigh power production. jump height was calculated by subtracting the standing reach
In order to jump higher the subject must generate more power height from the jump height [7].
by increasing the strength and velocity of muscle contraction. During a vertical jump, the jumper must overcome body
A strength training program using squat as the main exercise weight, and the resultant force acting on the jumper’s center of
increases the strength of key muscles involved in vertical mass cm. Is FGRF mg, where FGRF is the ground reaction
jump. Program training drills are believed to develop force acting on the jumper, m is the jumper mass, and g is the
explosiveness, the ability to use strength as quickly and acceleration due to gravity [8].
forcefully as possible. By bridging the gap between strength Warm-up is considered to be a factor and is regularly used by
and speed the subject can optimize power production [2]. The athletes in order to avoid injuries and achieve high
use of traditional resistance training programmes that require performance during training. Warm-up consists of a common
lifting a heavy load at a slow velocity of movement has and a specific part. The common part focuses on the increase
generally been considered the primary method of increasing of the core and muscle temperature, cellular metabolism and
power production. This has been based on the notion that the joint range of motion [6].
because power is equal to force multiplied by velocity, A variety of training methods are therefore used to increase
increasing maximal strength enhances the ability to improve strength and power in sports in order to enhance physical
power production [1]. performance and specific team sport performance that is
Explosive leg power is a key ingredient to maximizing vertical sprinting and jumping [9].
jump performance. Plyometric training is an important This study was limited for 6 weeks squat jump training.
element of the training programme of most top-level jumpers, Participants were trained for 2 days a week (every Wednesday
including high jumpers [2]. During plyometric, or stretch- and Saturday) with gradual increase in the height of the step
shortening, exercises the muscle is rapidly stretched (eccentric for consecutive weeks.
contraction) and then shortened to accelerate the body upward, Squats and plyometric were performed only twice pre week to
as in a countermovement jump [1]. Velocity specificity of allow sufficient recovery time between workout sessions [1].
resistance training is one of the most argumentative issue in
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2. Methodology
Thirty participants from Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam College of
Physiotherapy were selected for project using simple random
sampling was done. All participants were screened for
inclusion and exclusion criteria. The basic height of the
participant was assessed, the pre readings of high jump test
were taken and the interventions (Squat Jump Training) were
given for 6 weeks. Participants were trained for 2 days a week
(every Wednesday and Saturday) with gradual increase in the
height of the step for consecutive weeks. After the complete
period of intervention, post readings of high jump test were
performed.
Fig 2: Shows the representation of Basic height and its pre and post
values.
3. Data Analysis and Result
The present study “Effect of squat jump training on Table 3: Vertical Jump Height
performance of high jumping in young female students” was
conducted in department of Cardio-Respiratory Physiotherapy Group Mean ± Standard deviation t value p value
Pre 22.03 ± 5.17 <0.0001
in Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam College of Physiotherapy; Loni, Post 25.2 ± 4.38
10.846
Extremely Significant
Taluka Rahata District Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
Thirty participants (n=30) were evaluated using high jump
test. Data for each subject was collected and recorded by the
principal investigator. Demographic data was collected and
analysed for Height, Weight and BMI. The data was coded
and entered into Microsoft Excel spread sheet. Analysis was
done using Fig pad INSTAT demo version. Data was collected
and presented in tabular form and analysed by using the
Students paired “t” test.

Table 1: Demographic data representing parameters Height, Weight,

BMI.

Mean ± Standard deviation p value

Height 160.13 ± 5.29 Fig 1: Shows the comparison between pre and post vertical jump
<0.0001 height.
Weight 54.36 ± 5.44
Extremely Significant
BMI 21.12 ± 1.53
4. Result
Result no 1: Mean value of parameters Height, Weight and
BMI were 160.13 ± 5.29, 54.36 ± 5.44 and 21.12 ± 1.53
respectively.
Result no. 2: Mean value of Basic Height, pre-test reading
and post-test reading were 203.53 ± 7.55, 225.13 ± 5.17 and
228.6 ± 4.38 respectively.
Result no 3: In the present study we observed that comparison
between pre and post vertical jump height is extremely
significant using student paired ‘t’ test with p value is <0.0001
and t value is 10.50 with 29 degrees of freedom.

5. Discussion
The present study “Effect of Squat Jump Training on
Performance of High Jumping in Young Female Students”
Fig 1: Representing demographic data of height, weight and BMI.
was carried out in Dept. of Cardio-Respiratory Physiotherapy,
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam College of physiotherapy, Loni, Tal-
Table 2: Demographic data representing Basic Height, Pre reading,
Post reading. Rahata, Dist- Ahmednagar, and Maharashtra, India- 413736.
The results shows that comparison between pre and post
Mean ± Standard deviation P value vertical jump height is extremely significant using paired
Basic Height 203.53 ± 7.55 students to test in which p value is <0.0001 and t value is
<0.0001
Pre reading 225.13 ± 5.17 10.500 with 29 degrees of freedom. The Pre mean ± standard
Extremely Significant
Post reading 228.6 ± 4.38 deviation was 22.03±5.17 and post 25.0± 4.38 respectively.
The study resulted in 6-week training program to enhance

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jumping ability and power production in physically active jumping. Therefore, muscle length becomes longer while joint
subjects led to similar increases in jumping height. angle is widen during contraction [18].
Basic Height- Before the interventions were given the basic
height of the participants was assessed by simply raising the 6. Conclusion
hand in standing position to the wall and readings were noted. The present study concludes that squat jump training was
After the basic height of the participant was assessed, the pre effective in improving high jump performance after 6 weeks
readings of high jump test were taken and the interventions of intervention. Hence the present study rejects the null
(squat jump training) were given for 6 weeks. After the hypothesis and accepts the alternate hypothesis.
complete period of intervention, post readings of high jump
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