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Tarea 2 - Programacion Lineal

This document discusses solving linear programming decision models. It provides an example problem involving maximizing profits from producing different steel products under resource constraints. The optimal solution is to produce 937.5 tons of bars, 2125 tons of profiles, and no plates to maximize total profits of $456,875.

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Juana Wilches
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
46 views25 pages

Tarea 2 - Programacion Lineal

This document discusses solving linear programming decision models. It provides an example problem involving maximizing profits from producing different steel products under resource constraints. The optimal solution is to produce 937.5 tons of bars, 2125 tons of profiles, and no plates to maximize total profits of $456,875.

Uploaded by

Juana Wilches
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROGRAMACION LINEAL

Tarea 2 - Solucion de modelos de programacion lineal de decision

Integrantes:
Carlos Andres Baez
Paula Alejandra Galvis
Yenny Andrea Mogollon
Leidy Viviana Rojas
Jefferson Romero

Grupo: 100404_442

Tutor: Jorge Enrique Zumaque

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA UNAD


ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BASICAS TECNOLOGIA E INGENIERIA
DUITAMA - OCTUBRE 2020
Arcade Estrategia Simulacion
Maximizar 170 140 150
Desarrollo 110 90 100 <= 500000
Servidor 20 50 170 <= 125000
Horas Hombr 10 5 10 <= 20000

Arcade Estrategia Simulacion s1 s2 s3


max 170 140 150 0 0 0
s1 110 90 100 1 0 0
s2 20 50 17 0 1 0
s3 10 5 10 0 0 1
Cj 170 140 150 0 0 0

Arcade Estrategia Simulacion s1 s2 s3


max 170 140 150 0 0 0
s1 0 35 -10 1 0 -11
s2 0 40 -3 0 1 -2
x1 1 0.5 1 0 0 0.1
Cj 0 55 -20 0 0 -17

Arcade Estrategia Simulacion s1 s2 s3


max 170 140 150 0 0 0
s1 0 0 -7.375 1 -0.875 -9.25
x2 0 1 -0.075 0 0.025 -0.05
x1 1 0 1.0375 0 -0.0125 0.0125
Cj 0 0 -15875 0 -1.375 ,14,25
500000
125000
20000

280000
85000
2000
340000

206625
2125
937.5
456875
Unad
Enter
Enter the
the values
values in
in the
the shaded
shaded area
area then
then use
use the
the Run
Run Excel's
Excel's Solver
Solver button.
button.Alternatively,
Alternatively, or
or to
to
12/1/20 view
view the
the sensitivity
sensitivity results,
results, open
open Solver
Solver by
by going
going to
to the
the Data
Data Tab
Tab (Excel
(Excel 2007,
2007, 2010,
2010, 2013,
2013,
2016)
2016) oror the
the Tools
Tools menu
menu (Excel
(Excel 2003,
2003, 2011).
2011).
VideoGames

Linear Programming

Use one of the three signs below for each constraint


< less than or equal to
= equals (You need to enter an apostrophe first.)
> greater than or equal to

Data Results
x1 x2 x3 LHS
Maximize 170 140 150 sign RHS 456875
Constraint 1 110 90 100 < 500000 294375
Constraint 2 20 50 170 < 125000 125000
Constraint 3 10 5 10 < 20000 20000

Results
Variables 937.5 2125 0
Objective 456875
lver button.
olver button.Alternatively,
Alternatively, or
or to
to
(Excel
(Excel 2007,
2007, 2010,
2010, 2013,
2013,

Problem setup area


Slack/Surplus
< constraints > constraints
205625 Constraint 1 294375 500000 0 0
0 Constraint 2 125000 125000 0 0
0 Constraint 3 20000 20000 0 0
SOLUCION DE MODELOS DE PROGRAMACIÓN LINELA DE DECISIÓN
Ejercicio 2: Método simplex artificial.

La empresa SIDERCOL Co., produce acero estructural al carbono para barras, perfiles y chapas para utilizar en con
general.
Producir acero al carbono estructural para barras, genera una utilidad de USD61.662 y requiere 13 t de acero al c
de templado y revenido.
Producir acero al carbono estructural para perfiles, perfiles genera una utilidad de USD52.278 y requiere 10 t de
recocido y 15 h de templado y revenido.

Producir acero al carbono estructural para chapas, genera una utilidad de USD56.300 y requiere 20 t de acero al
de templado y revenido.
La empresa dispone como mínimo de 6.000 t de acero al carbono en su planta de producción y como máximo dis
de recocido y de 7.000 h para el proceso de templado y revenido.
¿Qué cantidad de acero al carbono estructural para perfiles, chapas y barras debe producir la empresa SIDERCOL
utilidades?

DATOS

Recurso Acero al carbono estructurAcero al carbono estructura


Acero al carbono estructur

Materia prima (tonelada) 13 10 20

Recocido (horas) 8 5 4

Templado y revenido (hora 18 15 20

Utilidad (USD) 61662 52278 56300

Función objetivo
Max. Z = 61.662 X1 + 52.278

Restricciones Modelo aumentado


13X1 + 10X2 + 20X3 ≥ 6.000 13X1 + 10X2 + 20X3 - S1 +
8X1 + 5X2 + 4X3 ≤ 2.000 8X1 + 5X2 + 4X3 + S2 = 2.0
18X1 + 15X2 + 20X3 ≤ 7.000 18X1 + 15X2 + 20X3 + S3 =
No negatividad X1, X2, X3 ≥ 0 X1, X2, X3, S1, R1, S2, S3 ≥ 0

Igualar Z a cero Sumando variables de exceso, ar


Max. Z = 61.662 X1 + 52.278 X2 + 56.300 X3 Maximizar Z - 61.662 X1 - 52.278
Max. Z - 61.662 X1 - 52.278 X2 - 56.300 X3 = 0

Forma estándar del método de simplex artificial del modelo de programación lineal

Función objetivo:

Maximizar Z - 61.662 X1 - 52.278 X2 - 56.300 X3 + 0S1 + 0R1 + 0S2 + 0S3 = 0

Sujeto a:

13X1 + 10X2 + 20X3 - S1 + R1 = 6.000


8X1 + 5X2 + 4X3 + S2 = 2.000
18X1 + 15X2 + 20X3 + S3 = 7.000
X1, X2, X3, S1, R1, S2, S3 ≥ 0

METODO DE LAS DOS FASES

FASE I

Función objetivo Igualar función objetivo a cero


Minimizar R = R1 Minimizar R = - 13X1 - 10X2 - 20X3
R1 = - 13X1 - 10X2 - 20X3 + S1 + 6000 Minimizar R + 13X1 + 10X2 + 20X3
Minimizar R = - 13X1 - 10X2 - 20X3 + S1 + 6000 Minimizar R + 13X1 + 10X2 + 20X3
Sumando las variables artificiales y de holgura

Función objetivo:

Minimizar R + 13X1 + 10X2 + 20X3 - S1 + 0R1 + 0S2 + 0S3 = 6000

Sujeto a:

13X1 + 10X2 + 20X3 - S1 + R1 = 6.000


8X1 + 5X2 + 4X3 + S2 = 2.000
18X1 + 15X2 + 20X3 + S3 = 7.000
X1, X2, X3, S1, R1, S2, S3 ≥ 0

Función objetivo Igualar Z a cero


Maximizar Z = 61.662 X1 + 52.278 X2 + 56.300 X3 Maximizar Z = 61.662 X1 + 52
Maximizar Z - 61.662 X1 - 52.2

Sumando variables de exceso y holgura

Función objetivo:

Maximizar Z - 61.662 X1 - 52.278 X2 - 56.300 X3 + 0S1 + 0S2 + 0S3 = 0


FASE I

VARIABLE 0

VB R X1 X2 X3 S1 R1
R 1 13 10 20 -1 0
R1 0 13 10 20 -1 1
S2 0 8 5 4 0 0
S3 0 18 15 20 0 0

VARIABLE 1

VB R X1 X2 X3 S1 R1
R 1 -52 -40 -80 4 -5
X3 0 3.25 2.5 5 -0.25 0.25
S2 0 -57 -45 -96 5 -5
S3 0 18 15 20 0 0
FASE II

VARIABLE 2

VB Z X1 X2 X3 S1 S2
Z 1 -61662 -52278 -56300 56300 0
X3 0 0.65 0.5 1 -0.05 0
S2 0 5.4 3 0 0.2 1
S3 0 5 5 0 1 0

VARIABLE 3

VB Z X1 X2 X3 S1 S2
Z 1 -61662.702 -52278.39 -56300 56299.974 -0.13
X3 0 -5.182 -2.74 1 -0.266 -1.08
X1 0 1.08 0.6 0 0.04 0.2
S3 0 5 5 0 1 0

VARIABLE 4

VB Z X1 X2 X3 S1 S2
Z 1 0 -10201.8889 0 54413.4074 4642.03704
X3 0 0 0.13888889 1 -0.07407407 -0.12037037
X1 0 1 0.55555556 0 0.03703704 0.18518519
S3 0 0 2.22222222 0 0.81481481 -0.92592593

VARIABLE 5

VB Z X1 X2 X3 S1 S2
Z 1 0 0 0 58154.1 391.25
X3 0 0 0 1 -0.125 -0.0625
X1 0 1 0 0 -0.16666667 0.41666667
X2 0 0 1 0 0.36666667 -0.41666667

X1 = 187.5 X2= 83.33 X3=

Z= 21793850
3. Interpretar los resultados de la solución del modelo de programación lineal para la t

Se debe fabricar 187,5 toneladas de acero para barras, Se debe fabricar 83,33 toneladas de acero p
116,66 toneladas de acero para chapas, para lograr una maxima utilidad de 21793850
files y chapas para utilizar en construcciones y estructuras en

662 y requiere 13 t de acero al carbono, 8 h de recocido y 18 h

e USD52.278 y requiere 10 t de acero al carbono, 5 h de

.300 y requiere 20 t de acero al carbono, 4 h de recocido y 20 h

producción y como máximo dispone de 2.000 h para el proceso

e producir la empresa SIDERCOL Co., para maximizar sus

Disponibilidad Mínima
cero al carbono estructurDisponibilidad Máxima

20 ≥ 6000

4 ≤ 2000

20 ≤ 7000

56300

unción objetivo
Max. Z = 61.662 X1 + 52.278 X2 + 56.300 X3

Modelo aumentado
3X1 + 10X2 + 20X3 - S1 + R1 = 6.000
X1 + 5X2 + 4X3 + S2 = 2.000
8X1 + 15X2 + 20X3 + S3 = 7.000

1
, X2, X3, S1, R1, S2, S3 ≥ 0

umando variables de exceso, artificial y holgura.


Maximizar Z - 61.662 X1 - 52.278 X2 - 56.300 X3 + 0S1 + 0R1 + 0S2 + 0S3 = 0

gualar función objetivo a cero


Minimizar R = - 13X1 - 10X2 - 20X3 + S1 + 6000
Minimizar R + 13X1 + 10X2 + 20X3 - S1 - 6000 = 0
Minimizar R + 13X1 + 10X2 + 20X3 - S1 = 6000
gualar Z a cero
Maximizar Z = 61.662 X1 + 52.278 X2 + 56.300 X3
Maximizar Z - 61.662 X1 - 52.278 X2 - 56.300 X3 = 0

S2 S3 Solución
0 0 6000
0 0 6000 300
1 0 2000 500
0 1 7000 350

S2 S3 Solución
0 0 -24000
0 0 1500
1 0 -28000
0 1 7000

S3 Solución
0 0
0 300 461.538462
0 800 148.148148
1 1000 200

S3 Solución
0 -104
0 -564 -564
0 160
1 1000

S3 Solución
0 20603629.6
0 203.703704 1466.66667
0 148.148148 266.666667
1 259.259259 116.666667

S3 Solución
4590.85 21793850
-0.0625 187.5
-0.25 83.3333333
0.45 116.666667

116.666
de programación lineal para la toma de decisiones.

ricar 83,33 toneladas de acero para perfiles, Se debe fabricar


lidad de 21793850
PROBLEMA 2 Enter
Enter the
the values
values in
in the
the shaded
shaded area
area then
then use
use the
the Run
Run Excel's
Excel's Solver
Solver button.
button.Alternatively,
Alternatively, or
or to
to
view
view the
the sensitivity
sensitivity results,
results, open
open Solver
Solver by
by going
going to
to the
the Data
Data Tab
Tab (Excel
(Excel 2007,
2007, 2010,
2010, 2013,
2013,
2016)
2016) oror the
the Tools
Tools menu
menu (Excel
(Excel 2003,
2003, 2011).
2011).
Linear Programming

Use one of the three signs below for each constraint


< less than or equal to
= equals (You need to enter an apostrophe first.)
> greater than or equal to

Data Results
x1 x2 x3 LHS
Maximize 61662 52278 56300 sign RHS 21793850
Constraint 1 13 10 20 > 6000 6000
Constraint 2 8 5 4< 2000 2000
Constraint 3 18 15 20 < 7000 7000

Results
Variables 83.3333333 116.666667 187.5
Objective 21793850
lver button.
olver button.Alternatively,
Alternatively, or
or to
to
(Excel
(Excel 2007,
2007, 2010,
2010, 2013,
2013,

Problem setup area


Slack/Surplus
< constraints > constraints
0 Constraint 1 0 0 6000 6000
0 Constraint 2 2000 2000 0 0
0 Constraint 3 7000 7000 0 0
PETROLIO PETROLIO PETROLIO
CRUDO CRUDO CRUDO TOTAL
LIGERO MEDIANO PESADO
MINIMIZAR 35 33 31
BARRIL
GASOLINA 0.25 0.55 0.2 >= 750000
BARRIL
KEROSENO 0.25 0.2 0.55 >= 1100000
BARRIL
REACTORES 0.6 0.25 0.15 >= 1000000

PETROLIO PETROLIO PETROLIO


CRUDO CRUDO CRUDO S1 S2 S3 A1
LIGERO MEDIANO PESADO
MIN 35 33 31 0 0 0 1
A1 0.25 0.55 0.2 1 0 0 0
A2 0.25 0.2 0.55 0 1 0 0
A3 0.6 0.25 0.15 0 0 1 0
C 35 33 31 0 0 0 0

PETROLIO PETROLIO PETROLIO


CRUDO CRUDO CRUDO S1 S2 S3 A1
LIGERO MEDIANO PESADO
MIN 35 33 31 0 0 0 1
A1 0 0.45 0.14 -1 0 0.42 1
A2 0 0.10 0.49 0 -1 0.42 0
X1 1 0.42 0.25 0 0 -1.67 0
C 0 17.42 22.25 0 0 58.33 0
BM 0 -0.54 -0.63 1 1 -8.33 0

PETROLIO PETROLIO PETROLIO


CRUDO CRUDO CRUDO S1 S2 S3 A1
LIGERO MEDIANO PESADO
MIN 35 33 31 0 0 0 1
S3 0 1.07 0.33 -2.4 0 1 2.4
A2 0 -0.35 0.35 1 -1 0 -1
X1 1 2.2 0.8 -4 0 0 4
C 0 -44 3 140 0 0 -140
BM 0 0.35 -0.35 -1 1 0 2

PETROLIO PETROLIO PETROLIO


CRUDO CRUDO CRUDO S1 S2 S3 A1
LIGERO MEDIANO PESADO
MIN 35 33 31 0 0 0 1
S3 0 0.23 1.17 0 -2.4 1 0
S1 0 -0.35 0.35 1 -1 0 -1
X1 1 0.8 2.2 0 -4 0 0
C 0 5 -46 0 140 0 0
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

PETROLIO PETROLIO PETROLIO


CRUDO CRUDO CRUDO S1 S2 S3 A1
LIGERO MEDIANO PESADO
MIN 35 33 31 0 0 0 1
A1 0 1.4 0 -3.34 0.94 1 3.34
X3 0 -1 1 2.86 -2.86 0 -2.86
X1 1 3 0 -6.29 2.29 0 6.29
C 0 -41 0 137.43 5.57 0 -131.4286
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

PETROLIO PETROLIO PETROLIO


CRUDO CRUDO CRUDO S1 S2 S3 A1
LIGERO MEDIANO PESADO
MIN 35 33 31 0 0 0 1
X2 0 1 0 -2.39 0.64 0.71 2.39
X3 0 0 1 0.47 -2.32 0.71 -0.47
X1 1 0 0 0.88 0.27 -2.14 -0.88
C 0 0 0 33.53 36.18 29.29 -33.53
BM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
A2 A3 TOTAL

0 0
1 0 750,000
0 1 1,100,000
0 0 1,000,000
0 0

A2 A3 TOTAL

0 0
0 -0.42 333,333
1 -0.42 683,333
0 1.67 1,666,667
0 -58.33 58,333,330
0 1.83 -

A2 A3 TOTAL

0 0
0 -1 800,000
1 0 350,000
0 0 3,000,000
0 0 ###
0 1 -

A2 A3 TOTAL
0 0
2.4 -1 1,640,000
1 0 350,000
4 0 4,400,000
-140 0 ###
1 1 -

A2 A3 TOTAL

0 0
-0.94 -1 470,000
2.86 0 1,000,000
-2.29 0 2,200,000
-8.57 0 ###
1 1 -

A2 A3 TOTAL

0 0
-0.67 -0.71 335,714.30
2.18 -0.71 13,355,714
-0.27 2.14 1,192,857
-36.18 -29.29 94,235,710
1 1 -
JEFFERSON ROMERO Enter
Enter the
the values
values inin the
the shaded
shaded area
area then
then use
use the
the Run
Run Excel's
Excel's
12/1/20 Solver
Solver button.
button.Alternatively,
Alternatively, or
or to
to view
view the
the sensitivity
sensitivity results,
results, open
open
Solver
Solver by
by going
going to
to the
the Data
DataTab
Tab (Excel
(Excel 2007,
2007, 2010,
2010, 2013,
2013, 2016)
2016) or
or
the
the Tools
Tools menu
menu (Excel
(Excel 2003,
2003, 2011).
2011).
REFICOL
METODO SIMPLEX DUAL
Linear Programming

Use one of the three signs below for each constraint


< less than or equal to
= equals (You need to enter an apostrophe first.)
> greater than or equal to

Data Results
x1 x2 x3 LHS
Minimize 35 33 31 sign RHS 94235714
Constraint 0.25 0.55 0.2 > 750,000.0 750000
Constraint 0.25 0.2 0.55 > 1,100,000.0 1100000
Constraint 0.6 0.25 0.15 > 1,000,000.0 1000000

Results
Variables 1,192,857 335,714 1,335,714
Objective 94,235,714.3
then
then use
use the
the Run
Run Excel's
Excel's
ww the
the sensitivity
sensitivity results,
results, open
open
cel
cel 2007,
2007, 2010,
2010, 2013,
2013, 2016)
2016) or
or

Problem setup area


Slack/Surplus
< constraints > constraints
0 Constraint 1 0 0 750000 750000
0 Constraint 2 0 0 1100000 1100000
0 Constraint 3 0 0 1000000 1000000
y ciencias (pp. 24-34). México, México: Editorial McGraw-Hill Interamericana. Recuperado de https://elibro-net.bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu

https://elibro-net.bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/es/ereader/unad/39452
https://elibro-net.bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/es/ereader/unad/39452
https://elibro-net.bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/es/ereader/unad/39452
https://repository.unad.edu.co/handle/10596/33778
https://repository.unad.edu.co/handle/10596/33779
https://repository.unad.edu.co/handle/10596/33780

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