Chap 13 : Why Do We Fall Ill www.cbse.

online

CHAPTER 13
Why Do We Fall Ill

1. OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS 6. Which of the following defines ‘health’ ?

(a) Social well being (b) Physical fitness
(c) Mental fitness (d) All of these
1. Which of the following statements is incorrect about
Ans : (d) All of these
a cell?
Health is a state of physical, mental and social well
(a) Cells are the basic units of living beings.
being.
(b) Cells cannot move from place to place.
Add 8905629969 in Your Class Whatsapp Group to Get All PDFs
(c) The living cell is a dynamic place.
(d) In cells that do not move, there is a repair going
7. Who were awarded Nobel prize for discovering the
on.
causative organism of peptic ulcer?
Ans : (b) Cells cannot move from place to place. (a) Alexander Fleming and Darwin
Some cells can move from one place to another. (b) Barry Marshall and Leeuwenhoek
(c) Fleming and Edward Jenner
2. Which one is an acute disease?
(d) Barry Marshall and Robin Warren
(a) Diabetes (b) Tuberculosis
(c) Hypertension (d) Typhoid Ans : (d) Barry Marshall and Robin Warren
Helicobacter pylori causes the disease peptic ulcer.
Ans : (d) Typhoid It was discovered by Australian pathologist Robin
Diseases that last for only very short period of time Warren and young Australian clinical fellow, Barry
are called acute diseases. Typhoid is an acute disease. Marshall. Both of them received the Nobel prize for
3. Health can be defined as a state of physiology and medicine in 2005.
(a) being physically healthy 8. Which type of disease is ‘Hemophilia’ ?
(b) not being diseased (a) An acute disease (b) A deficiency disease
(c) being physically healthy and disease-free (c) A chronic disease (d) An congenital disease
(d) being well enough to function well physically,
Ans : (d) An congenital disease
mentally and socially.
Haemophilia is a congenital disease.
Ans : (d) being well enough to function well physically,
mentally and socially. 9. Select the correct matches.
The World Health Organization (WHO), in 1948, has
Disease Type
defined health as “a state of complete physical, mental
and social well-being, and not merely an absence of 1. Arthritis Chronic
disease, or infirmity.” 2. Tuberculosis Acute
4. Find an organ affected in the disease, Jaundice. 3. Cancer Infectious
(a) Kidney (b) Liver
4. Night blindness Non-infectious
(c) Pancreas (d) Leukemia
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 3
Ans : (b) Liver (c) 2 and 4 (d) 1 and 4
Liver is affected in the disease, Jaundice.
Ans : (d) 1 and 4
5. Which of the following diseases in not a congenital Tuberculosis is a chronic disease and cancer is a non-
disease? infectious disease.
(a) Haemophilia (b) Sickle-cell anaemia
(c) Down syndrome (d) Dengue 10. Which type of diseases affect the body suddenly but,
last for a short time?
Ans : (d) Dengue (a) Acute disease (b) Chronic disease
Congenital diseases are anatomical abnormalities (c) Congenital disease (d) Genetic disorder
present since birth. For example haemophilia, colour
blindness, sickle-cell anaemia, Down’s syndrome, Ans : (a) Acute disease
turner’s syndrome, etc. Dengue is acquired disease Common cold is an acute disease. Acute disease lasts
i.e., develops after birth. for only a short.

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 86
Chap 13 : Why Do We Fall Ill www.rava.org.in

11. What do you mean by ‘Congenital diseases’ ? BCG vaccine develops immunity against tuberculosis.
(a) These are deficiency diseases.
18. Find a chronic disease.
(b) These are present from time of birth.
(a) Kala-azar (b) Typhoid
(c) These are spread from man to man.
(c) Diarrhoea (d) Hypertension
(d) These occur during lime time.
Ans : (d) Hypertension
Ans : (b) These are present from time of birth. Hypertension is a chronic disease.
Diseases that are present from birth are called
congenital diseases. Congenital diseases are caused 19. Which of the following is a mismatch?
due to defective development of embryo or defective (a) AIDS - Bacterial infection
inheritance. (b) Polio - Viral infection
12. Which of the following is not a non-infectious disease? (c) Malaria - Protozoan infection
(a) High blood pressure (b) Cancer (d) Elephantiasis - Helminth infection
(c) Malaria (d) Diabetes Ans : (a) AIDS - Bacterial infection
Ans : (b) Malaria
20. What is ‘hare-lip’ ?
High blood pressure, cancer, diabetes, etc., are not
(a) An acquired disease (b) An infectious disease
caused by infectious agents whereas malaria is caused
due to infection of a protozoa named Plasmodium (c) A metabolic disease (d) A congenital disease
vivax which is carried by the Anopheles mosquito. Ans : (d) A congenital disease
Harelip is a congenital disease. Congenital diseases are
13. Which disease is prevented by immunizing with BCG?
those which are present since birth.
(a) Pneumonia (b) Tuberculosis
(c) Polio (d) Amoebiasis 21. What makes you ill if you come in contact with an
infected person?
Ans : (b) Tuberculosis
(a) High blood pressure (b) Genetic abnormality
To prevent TB, children are immunized with BCG
(Bacillus Calmette Guerin). (c) Sneezing (d) Blood cancer
Ans : (c) Sneezing
14. Find from the following, a disease you may suffer from,
Sneezing is an air borne diseases are prevalent more in
if you live in a over crowded and poorly ventilated
overcrowded and poorly ventilated places.
place.
(a) Cholera (b) AIDS 22. What will happen if the kidneys are not filtering
(c) Air borne diseases (d) Cancer urine?
(a) Urine will be filtered by urinary bladder.
Ans : (c) Air borne disease
Sneezing is an air borne diseases are prevalent more in (b) Lungs will filter the urine.
overcrowded and poorly ventilated places. (c) Brain will not think normally.
(d) Blood gets rich in carbon dioxide.
15. Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Common cold is not contagious. Ans : (c) Brain will not think normally.
(b) The common cold virus does not have its own If the kidneys are not filtering urine, poisonous
RNA. substances will accumulate. Under such conditions,
the brain will not be able to think properly. As these
(c) Common cold usually takes two months to clear
activities are interconnected.
up.
(d) The common cold virus can leave the body 23. Define ‘Vector’.
through the mucus of infected people. (a) Micro organisms which cause many diseases.
Ans : (d) The common cold virus can leave the body (b) Animals carry the infecting agents from a sick
through the mucus of infected people. person to a healthy person.
Common cold spreads through the mucus of the (c) Infected person
infected people during sneezing and coughing. (d) Diseased plants

16. Select a non-infectious disease. Ans : (b) Animals carry the infecting agents from a
(a) Leukemia (b) Leprosy sick person to a healthy person.
(c) Measles (d) Typhoid Vectors are the carriers of pathogens from sick person
to a healthy person.
Ans : (a) Leukemia
For more files visit www.cbse.online
Leukemia is a non-infectious disease. It is a type of
blood cancer. 24. Which of these causes communicable disease?
(a) Metabolic disorder (b) Allergy
17. BCG is an effective vaccine to prevent
(a) tetanus (b) tuberculosis (c) Pathogen (d) Hormonal imbalance
(c) diptheria (d) pertussis Ans : (c) Pathogen
Communicable diseases are caused by some biological
Ans : (b) tuberculosis

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +918905629969 Page 87
Chap 13 : Why Do We Fall Ill www.cbse.online

agents or pathogens. Tetanus is a lock jaw disease caused by bacteria,

Clostridium tetani.
25. The term ‘disease’ means
(a) different ease (b) disturbed ease 32. Elephantiasis is a disease that results in
(c) distorted ease (d) diplomatic ease (a) long-term effect on health.
(b) short-term effect on health.
Ans : (b) disturbed ease
The word ‘disease’ literally means being uncomfortable, (c) no effect on health.
we can think of it as disturbed ease. (d) occasional bad effects on health.

26. Which disease is different among the following on the

Ans : (a) long-term effect on health.
basis of mode of transmission? Elephantiasis is a chronic disease. It lasts for a long
(a) AIDS (b) Syphilis time and has a long term effect on health.
(c) Gonorrhoea (d) Rabies 33. Find from the following, a disease caused by helminth.
Ans : (d) Rabies (a) Common cold (b) Chicken pox
AIDS, syphilis and gonorrhoea are transmitted by (c) Elephantiasis (d) Malaria
sexual contact while rabies spreads by bite of an Ans : (c) Elephantiasis
infected animal. Elephantiasis (Filaria) is caused by a helminth (worm)
For more files visit www.cbse.online Wuchereria bancrofti which attacks the blood and
lymphatic system.
27. Find the statement that is incorrect about tuberculosis.
(a) It is caused by salmonella.
(b) It commonly affects lungs. 2. FILL IN THE BLANK
(c) The causative bacteria releases a toxin tuberculin.
(d) Patient’s sputum contains blood. 1. BCG stands for ..........
Ans : Bacillus-Calmette Guerin
Ans : (a) It is caused by salmonella.
Tuberculosis is caused due to the bacteria 2. Rabies is also called ..........
Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Ans : Hydrophobia
28. Which of the following are protozoan diseases that are
transmitted by mosquito vectors? 3. Diseases which are present right from the birth are
(a) Filariasis and typhus called ..........
(b) Kala-azar and diphtheria Ans : Congenital
(c) Malaria and kala-azar
4. Ability of an organism to resist disease is called a
(d) Yellow fever and dengue fever
..........
Ans : (c) Malaria and kala-azar Ans : Immunity
Malaria is caused due to Plasmodium and kala-azar is
caused due to Leishmania. They both are protozoans. 5. .......... is a dreadful viral disease transmitted to human
29. Identify a mis-match pair.
by the bite of a dog.
(a) Leprosy – bacterial infection Ans : Rabies
(b) AIDS – bacterial infection
6. .......... drug is used against amoebic dysentery.
(c) Malaria – protozoan infection
Ans : Metronidazole
(d) Elephantiasis – nematode infection
Ans : (b) AIDS – bacterial infection 7. Infectious diseases are caused by ..........
AIDS is a viral infection. Ans : Micro organisms
30. Microbes that generally enter the body through nose,
are likely to affect 8. Malaria is caused by a protozoan called ..........
(a) gut (b) lungs Ans : Plasmodium
(c) liver (d) lymph nodes
9. Diseases are of two main kinds : Congenital and ..........
Ans : (b) lungs Ans : Acquired
As nose leads to lungs, so microbes that enter the
body through nose are more likely to affect the lungs.
10. Cholera is caused by ..........
31. Identify a bacterial disease. Ans : Bacterium
(a) Hepatitis B (b) Poliomyelitis
(c) Tetanus (d) Malaria 11. Malaria is caused by ..........
Ans : Protozoan
Ans : (c) Tetanus

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 88
Chap 13 : Why Do We Fall Ill www.rava.org.in
Add 8905629969 in Your Class Whatsapp Group to Get All PDFs preventive measures against typhoid.
Ans : True
12. Any organism capable of producing a disease is called
.......... 12. Interferons produced in our body, fight against the
Ans : Pathogen viral infections.
Ans : True
13. .......... vaccine gives considerable protection against
tuberculosis. 13. Rickets is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin A.
Ans : BCG Ans : False
Rickets is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin D.
14. The virus that causes acquired immune deficiency
syndrome (AIDS) parasitizes.......... 14. Botulism can be caused by canned food.
Ans : Helper T-cells Ans : True

15. The organism which spreads the disease from an 15. Penicillin is effective against bacteria because it
infected person to a healthy person is called .......... inhibits their wall formation.
Ans : Vector Ans : True

3. TRUE/FALSE 16. Personal hygiene is must to prevent infectious diseases.

Ans : True

1. Acquire diseases are developed after birth. 17. When the diet is deficient in proteins as well as
Ans : True carbohydrates, the child suffers from marasmus.
Ans : True
2. Lack of any nutrient in the diet is known as balanced
diet. 18. Hepatitis is a non-communicable diseases.
Ans : False Ans : False
Lack of any nutrient in the diet is known as Hepatitis is a communicable disease.
malnutrition.
19. The process of vaccination was developed by Jenner
3. Cancer is an infectious disease. in the year 1796.
Ans : False Ans : True
Cancer is non-infections disease.
20. Ringworm is caused by a nematode worm.
4. Hepatitis B is more dangerous than Hepatitis A. Ans : False
Ans : True Ringworm is caused by fungus.

5. HIV virus is a retrovirus.

Ans : True
4. MATCHING QUESTIONS

6. AIDS can be transmitted through blood transfusion. 1.

Ans : True
Column I Column II
7. Communicable diseases are non-infectious. (A) Mycobacterium (p) Causes serious
Ans : False tuberculosis disease of lungs
Communicable diseases are infectious. (B) Clostridium (q) Destruction of lining
tetani of large intestine
8. Streptomycin inhibits protein synthesis in pathogenic
bacteria. (C) Salmonella typhi (r) Grow in genital
Ans : True tubes
(D) Diplococcus (s) Enters the body
9. An environmental stress upsets the normal pneumonia through deep
physiological functioning of the organism. wounds
Ans : True (E) Entamoeba (t) Rod shaped
histoly tica bacterium
10. Antibiotics are produced by bacteria and fungi.
(F) Treponema (u) Killed antibiotic -
Ans : True Chloromycetin

11. Drugs like Ampicillin and Chloramphenicol are

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +918905629969 Page 89
Chap 13 : Why Do We Fall Ill www.cbse.online

A B C D E F Column I Column II
(a) t s u p q r (D) Food borne (s) Whooping cough
(b) s t u p q r (E) Animal bite (s) Tetanus
(c) u t s r q p (F) Vector borne (s) Plaque
(d) t r u p q s
A B C D E F
Ans : (a) A-t, B-s, C-u, D-p, E-q, F-r
(a) p q t u s r
2. (b) t s p q u r
Column I Column II (c) t u p q r s
(incubation period) (d) s t p q u r
(A) Pneumonia (p) 4-20 days
Ans : (b) A-t, B-s, C-p, D-q, E-u, F-r
(B) Tetanus (q) Upto 12 or more
years 5.
(C) Chickenpox (r) Several years Column I Column II
(D) Rabies (s) 1-3 days (A) Virus (p) Tinea Solium
(E) AIDS (s) 14-21 days (B) Bacteria (q) Anopheles
(F) Leprosy (s) About 1 month (C) Fungi (r) Clostridium
(D) Protozoa (s) Mumps
A B C D E F
(E) Helminths (t) Thrush
(a) s p u t q r
(F) Vector (u) Entamoeba
(b) p s t u r q
(c) t r s u q p A B C D E F
(d) s p t u q r (a) r s t u p q
Ans : (d) A-s, B-p, C-t, D-u, E-q, F-r (b) s r t u p q
(c) p q s t u r
3.
(d) p u t s r q
Column I Column II
Ans : (b) A-s, B-r, C-t, D-u, E-p, F-q
(A) Influenza (p) Contaminated food
(B) Hepatitis (q) ORS
5. ASSERTION AND REASON
(C) Diarrhoea (r) Vaccinia
(D) AIDS (s) Delirium DIRECTION : In each of the following questions, a statement
(E) Typhoid (s) Screening of blood of Assertion is given and a corresponding statement of Reason
and donors is given just below it. Of the statements, given below, mark the
correct answer as:
(F) Cowpox (s) Myxovirus
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is
the correct explanation of assertion.
A B C D E F (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is
(a) u q p r s t not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
(b) u q p t s r
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
(c) u p q t s r
(d) t p u u r q 1. Assertion : In many species of mosquitoes, only the
females feed on warm-blooded animals, including
Ans : (c) A-u, B-p, C-u, D-t, E-s, F-r humans.
Reason : Female mosquitoes are vectors of many
4. diseases.
Column I Column II Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason
is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(A) Soil borne (p) Dysentery
Mosquitoes are the most common vectors. In many
(B) Air borne (q) Botulism species of mosquitoes, the females need highly
(C) Water borne (r) Dengue nutritious food in the form of blood in order to be able

Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 90
Chap 13 : Why Do We Fall Ill www.rava.org.in

to lay eggs. These female mosquitoes feed on many 7. Assertion : Cancer is a non-infectious disease.
warm-blooded animals, including us. In this way, they Reason : Cancer impairs normal body activities only
can transfer diseases from one person to another. for few days.

2. Assertion : HIV infected person is prone to Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
opportunistic diseases. Cancer is a non-infectious disease as it does not spread
Reason : Immune system weakens during HIV from an infected person to a healthy person, but it is a
infection. chronic disease because it has drastic long-term effects
on patient’s health.
Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and
reason is the correct explanation of assertion. 8. Assertion : Making anti-viral medicine is harder than
A HIV infected person has a weakened immune making anti-bacterial medicines.
system as the HIV virus goes to the immune system Reason : It takes hundreds of years to prepare antiviral
and damages its function. Such people can no longer drugs.
fight off many minor infections caused by opportunistic Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
organisms like virus, bacteria, fungi, etc. That we The reason why making anti-viral medicine is harder
face everyday. Therefore, they are more prone to than making anti-bacterial medicines is that viruses
opportunistic diseases. have few biochemical mechanism of their own. They
3. Assertion : Its okay to sit near a person suffering from enter our cells and our machinery for their life
cold. processes. This means that there are relatively few
Reason : Cold is a non-communicable disease. virus-specific targets to aim at.

Ans : (d) Both Assertion and Reason are false. 9. Assertion : Majority of children in many parts of India
It is not okay to sit near a person suffering from cold are already immune to hepatitis A by the time they
because cold is a communicable disease. The droplets are five years old.
containing the causative microbe of cold can spread Reason : Children are exposed to the virus through
through air when the person sneezes or coughs. If water.
someone standing close by and breathes in these Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and
droplets, a person might get infected. reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
4. Assertion : Hepatitis is a viral infection of liver causing Hepatitis virus, which cause jaundice, are transmitted
its inflammation. through water. There is a vaccine for one of them,
Reason : Hepatitis is a contagious disease. hepatitis A, in the market. But the majority of
children in many parts of India are already immune to
Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason hepatitis A by the time they are five years old. This is
is not the correct explanation of assertion. because they are exposed to the virus through water.
Hepatitis is a viral infection of liver causing its
inflammation. It is accompanied by loss of appetite, 10. Assertion : Rabies virus is spread by the bite of
nausea, whitish stool, but orange brown urine and infected dogs and other animals.
jaundice which occurs due to bilirubin released from Reason : There are anti-rabies vaccines for both
damaged liver cell. Infectious hepatitis spreads from humans and animals.
person to person by faecal or oral route. Contamination Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason
of water and food may cause epidemic. Serum hepatitis is not the correct explanation of assertion.
spreads by transfusion of contaminated blood. Rabies is caused by the rabies virus named Lyssavirus.
5. Assertion : Peptic ulcers cause acidity related pain This virus is present in the saliva of rabid animals
and bleeding in the stomach. and it enters the human by the bite of these animals.
Reason : Stress in the life causes peptic ulcers. Immediate vaccination, after a bite can prevent the
appearance of the disease.
Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
WWW.CBSE.ONLINE
Peptic ulcers cause acidity related pain and bleeding in
the stomach and duodenum. Bacterium, Helicobacter Add 8905629969 in Your Class Whatsapp Group to Get All PDFs
pylori causes peptic ulcers.

6. Assertion : Dengue can be treated by taking antibiotics.

Reason : Antibiotics block the biochemical life
processes of viruses.
Ans : (d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Antibiotics are only effective against bacterial
infections, they are not effective against viral
infections. Dengue is a viral disease, it cannot be
prevented by taking antibiotics because viruses do not
have biochemical life processes of their own. They are
taxonomically different from bacteria and do not use
the pathways of bacteria. Hence, antibiotics do not
work against viral infections.

Get all GUIDE and Sample Paper PDFs by whatsapp from +918905629969 Page 91