______pate Use with textbook pages 252-263. Charges and how they behave ‘Match each Term on the left with the best | Descriptor on the right. Each Descriptor may be used only once. Tem Descriptor ‘+ _——eanductor | A. electica charges tatconbe % __decticaty | bed oo moter! 3. insulator | electrical charges: 4 mgate | ater charges | bonind whan ee | oeoes —retne | fennned ea ‘material ©. anindication of how easily charges move ‘wanin a material . having equal umbers of positive charges and negative charges E, @ material in ‘which electrical charges can move easly F. a material in hich electrical charges cannot move easily 6. State the law of electric charge. 7. Identify whether the object described is. positively charged or negatively charged. 2) contains more positive charges than negative charges bb) contains more negative charges than positive charges €) results from gaining electrons 4d) results from losing electrons €) wil attract a positively charged object 4) will attract a negatively charged object {9) wil repel a positively charged object hy) will repel 2 negatively charged object a) What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator? b) Give two examples of a conductor. ©) Give two examples of an insulator. opie 42 MAR 133Charging and Discharging Objects Textbook pages 264-273 Before You Read Why might you geta shock when you walk across a carpet in wool socks and then touch @ ‘metal door handle? Record your thoughts on the lines below. What is an electroscope? An electroscope is @ device that F allows you to test whether an object is charged. The main parts ofan electroscope are a metal ball, @ metal rod, and metal leaves. The ball, rod, and leaves ae all conductors. Conductors allow negative charges to move easily through them, When the metal Mark the Text ‘Identity Definitions As you read this section, highiight the etntion of each word that appears in bale type Qreoding cnc Tey is timporant Malte al pats oe antonpe Se sheonducton? What is charging by contact? In charging by contact, a neutral ‘object is touched with ‘a charged object, and ¥ some of the charge moves onto the neutral F object, ming it into a E charged object. When an insulating material is charged by contact, te charge stays onthe insulator at the point sna where itis touched," 134 MR Unt Becta Aplications $76.0.07.03187%-7 ge LA metalrod metal leaves leaves move apart, you know that they are charged. @@ When a conducting material is charged by contact, the charge spreads out over the whole surface of the conductor.‘Name —Date___ What is charging by induction? In charging by induction, a charged et object is brought near but not touched ee toa neutral object. If Sifference the charged object is i apenas negatively charged, - at itrepels the negative eer charges in the . induction, neutral abject, which ry to moveaway. oe ‘The neutral object is «tater ote still neutral, but now there is an excess of positive charge at one end (or side) of it and of negative charge at the other. The rod is kept near the neutral object, which is touched with a finger. Some of the negative charges being repelled by the negatively charged rod move onto the finger. Take away the finger and then the rod. The electroscope now has more positive than negative charges—it has become positively charged without anything touching it, (To give @ negative charge by induction, you would start with a positively charged rod.) Qrevingoncr 33. Name two ways to discharge an object. How can a charged object be discharged? charged objects discharged when it oss — —— is excess charges. Tis can occu in two ways: =| ro by sparking and by grounding. an oe that occurs between the negatively charged ma bottom of clouds and the positive charges on Ee treetops and the ground In grounding, a conductor connected tothe ("ean charged object carries excess charges to Earth's surface and into the ground. For example, a lightning rod is connected to @ conductor that safely carries the charges down into the ground ‘when the rod is hit by lightning. @ opie 4a-MHR 135Cloze Nome __owe _____| aetivity Topic 4.3 Use with textbook pages 266-268. Charging and discharging [Vocabulary tract grounding [charges induction [conductor leaves contact repel discharged red electrascope spark ‘ground sparking the blanks. You can use each term more Use the terms in the vocabulary box to fil ‘than once. You will not need to use every tern 41. A device that can testifan objects charged is an__ 2. In charging by 8 charged object touches a neutral object, and negative charges move from one object tothe other. 3. In charging by __. 8 charged object is brought near to a neutral ‘object, but doesn't touch it 4. Allparts ofthe electroscope are metal because metal is a good. '5. When an electroscope isnot charged, its meta hang down, 6. When the metal leaves of an electroscope are charged with ike charges, they each other and move apart. 7. When a charged object loses ils excess charges, itis said to be_ B.A, ‘occurs when charges jump from one object to another. 9. When a conductor is connected to Earth's surface so that charges can flow safely to the ground, thisiscaled 10. Earth is giant that can absorb a lot of __ without changing 114, Lightning is an example of discharge by while lightning rods ‘connected to the ground with conductors is an example of discharge by 136 MR Unit 4 Bocca! Aspeatens. $760-07.091871-7N Use with textbook pages 266-267. Charging by contact or induction 4. Kenly whether the situation describes charging by contactor induction, 1a) You notice the build-up of dust on a computer screen when its on. 'b) You walk across a carpel and experience a shock when you touch a metal doorknob. ¢) Yourub 2 balloon against your hair and bring it close to a pile of salt on the table. ‘This causes the salt crystals to “jump up and dance." 2. Identity whether the illustration shows-charging by contact or by induction, a) Tonic 43M 137Applying Knowledge Name — Use wit textbook pages 266-267, Topic 43 Electroscope detective Law of electric charge Charged chyects attract neutral Opposite charges attract each other, and like charges repel each other. heels Use the law of electric charge to explain the movement of charges in the following situations. Circle the correct word in each underlined pair of words. 1. Anegatively charged rod is brought near the metal ball ofan electroscope. Nagative charges in tho rod attract repel the negative charges in the metal ball The postive (negative charges in the ball move down into the metal leaves, The leaves now have the same charge / opposite charges, so they attract repel eachother and move apar/ closer together. 2. Aposively charged rod is brought near the metal ball of an elactroscope Positive charges inthe rod atact/ pe! the negative charges inthe metal ball. The positive negative charges in the metal leaves move up into the metal bal. The leaves now have the same charge / opposite charges, so they attract repel each othor and move apart / closer together. 3. An electroscope is negatively charged, making the metalleaves move apart. A positively charged rod is then brought near the metal ball of the electroscope. ‘The positive / negative charges in the metal leaves move up the metal rod into the metal ball because they are attracted to / repelled by the charges in the positively charged rod. This causes the metal leaves to lose some of their excess negative ‘charges and they move closer together / farther apart 138 UHR Units Ecrica Applzatons. $78.0.07.091871-7