Chemical Engineering UNDIP Guidebook1
Chemical Engineering UNDIP Guidebook1
1
1 DEPARTMENT PROFILE
To achieve its vision, the DCE has decided to perform activities based on
the Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi (Three Pillars of Higher Education). The
mission of the CESP can be stated in three statements:
1. Carrying out high-quality education to produce graduates having
fundamental chemical engineering science and expertise by
considering recent competitive job market.
2. Performing high-quality researches in chemical engineering field and
increasing the number of patents and publications in national and
international scientific journals.
3. Performing community service by providing consultation, supervision,
and professional training in chemical engineering field.
Considering its vision and mission, the DCE has set its goals as:
1. To prepare students for careers in industry or government, and for
further study at the graduate level,
2. To produce innovative and applied science and technology based on
local resource and culture.
To achieve the goals, the Department of Chemical Engineering always:
1. Improves the quality of the management,
2. Periodically updates its curriculum inline with the requirements in
chemical engineer‟s job markets,
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3. Improves the competence of its graduates, especially in English,
leadership, computer, and entrepreneurship,
4. Improves the quality of teaching and learning as well as laboratory
facilities, textbooks, and scientific journals, improves the quality of
human resources, including academic, laboratory, and administrative
staffs.
4
In 2005, CREC group members began thinking about the concept of
electronic journals. In 2007, the Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering
and Catalysis (BCREC) published first time online. This bulletin into the
online scientific journal first time in the University of Diponegoro. The
journal has been indexed and distributed by EBSCO PUBLISHING
(ACADEMIC SEARCH COMPLETE) Volume 4 Number 1 since 2009 until
now. Since 2001, the BCREC been indexed by SCOPUS, Compendex,
ENCOMPASSLIT, and ENGINEERING VILLAGE. In addition, Chemical
Engineering Undip also publish several international journal such as
International Journal of Science and Engineering (IJSE) [ISSN: 20865023]
, International Journal of Renewable Energy Development (IJRED) [ISSN :
2252-4940] ; and International Journal of Waste Resources (IJWR)[ISSN:
2252-5211].
2.2 CURRICULUM
1st SEMESTER
NO CODE COURSE TITLE CU
1 TKM21201 Physics 3
2 TKM21202 Analytical Chemistry 3
3 TKM21203 Inorganic Chemistry 3
4 TKM21204 Mathematics I 3
5 TKM21205 Introduction to Chem. Engineering 2
6 TKM21206 Chem. Eng. Fundamental Lab. I 2
7 UNW00001 Religion Education 2
8 UNW00005 Sports 1
9 UNW00006 English 2
Total 21
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2nd SEMESTER
NO CODE COURSE TITLE CU
1 TKM21207 Bioprocess Fundamental 2
2 TKM21208 Physical Chemistry 3
3 TKM21209 Organic Chemistry 3
4 TKM21210 Environmental conservation 2
5 TKM21304 Mathematics II 2
6 TKM21211 Thermodynamic I 3
7 TKM21212 Chem. Eng. Fundamental Lab. II 2
8 UNW00002 Pancasila 2
9 UNW00003 Civic Education 2
Total 21
3rd SEMESTER
NO CODE COURSE TITLE CU
1 TKM21213 Chem. Eng. Principles I 3
2 TKM21214 Material Engineering Science 3
3 TKM21215 Chem. Eng. Mathematics 1 3
4 TKM21216 Chem. Industrial Process 3
5 TKM21311 Thermodynamic II 3
6 TKM21217 Bioprocess Laboratory 2
7 UNW00004 Bahasa Indonesia 2
Total 19
4th SEMESTER
NO CODE COURSE TITLE CU
1 TKM21218 Chem. Eng. Principles II 2
2 TKM21219 Transport Phenomena 3
3 TKM21315 Chem. Eng. Mathematics II 3
4 TKM21220 Heat Transfer 2
5 TKM21221 Chem. Reaction Engineering 3
6 TKM21222 Waste Treatment Tech. 2
7 TKM21223 Unit Operation I: Mechanical 2
Process
8 TKM21224 Chem. Process Laboratory 2
Total 19
8
5th SEMESTER
NO CODE COURSE TITLE CU
1 TKM21225 Process Modeling and Computation 3
2 TKM21226 Research Methodology 3
3 TKM21227 Reactor 3
4 TKM21228 Unit Operation II: Fluid Mechanic 3
5 TKM21229 Unit Operation III: Heat 3
Separation
6 TKM21230 Research Proposal 1
7 TKM21231 Unit Operation Lab 2
8 TKM… Elective Course I 2
Total 20
6th SEMESTER
NO CODE COURSE TITLE CU
1 TKM21232 Process Control 3
2 TKM21233 Chem. Product and Process Design 3
3 Unit Operation IV: Multistage 3
TKM21234 Separations
4 TKM21235 Utility 3
5 TKM21236 Research 2
6 TKM21237 Field Trip 1
7 TKM…. Elective Course II 2
8 TKM.... Elective Course III 2
Total 19
7th SEMESTER
NO CODE COURSE TITLE CU
1 TKM21238 Chem. Eng. Economic 2
2 TKM21239 Process Safety 2
3 TKM21240 Industrial and Project 2
Management
4 TKM21241 Process Equipment Design 3
5 TKM21242 Chemical Plant Design 3
6 UNW00007 Entrepreneurship 2
7 TKM.... Elective Course IV 2
Total 16
9
8th SEMESTER
NO CODE COURSE TITLE CU
1 TKM21243 Industrial Training 3
2 TKM21244 Final Task: Preliminary Plant 6
Design
3 UNW00008 Rural Internship 3
Total 12
ELECTIVE SUBJECTS 1
ELECTIVE SUBJECTS 2
ELECTIVE SUBJECTS 3
10
ELECTIVE SUBJECTS 4
11
PREREQUISITE DIAGRAM
12
2.3 COURSE DESCRIPTION
1st SEMESTER
13
analytical chemistry and practice the analysis
procedure (both quantitative and qualitative),
the student also expected to be able to
determine and choose the proper method.
14
Competency : A-1
Objectives : After completion of this course, the student
should be able to describe structure,
characteristic, and basic principle of atom,
chemical bond, acid base theory, acid-base
reaction equilibrium, and oxidation-reduction
reaction.
Syllabus : 1. Material components
2. Ionic and covalent bond
3. Quantum theory and atomic structure
4. Quantum mechanical model of the atom
5. Atomic electron configuration
6. Chemical and physical properties of atom
based on periodic system
7. Intermolecular force: Molecule polarity
8. Chemical equilibrium and Le-Chatelier
principal
9. Acid-base theory and equilibrium
10. Oxidation and reduction reaction
references : 1. Keenan, C.W., Kleinfelter, D.C., Wood,
J.H., Pudjaatmaka, A.H., 1984, Kimia
untuk Universitas, edisi keenam, Penerbit
Erlangga, Jakarta.
2. Silberberg, M. S. (2006). Chemistry: The
Molecular Nature of Matter and Change. 4th
ed. McGraw-Hill Book, Inc., New York.
15
6. Graph and function
7. Maximum and minimum
8. Theory and application of single and
double Integral
References : 1. Purcell, E. J. dan Varberg, D. (1987).
Kalkulus dan Geometri Analitis. Jilid I. 5th
ed. Prentice Hall, Inc. Alih Bahasa: Drs. I
Nyoman Susila, dkk. Penerbit Erlangga,
Jakarta.
2. Wardiman. (1982). Hitung Integral. PT
Hanindita, Yogyakarta
3. Frank, A., Jr. (1996). Calculus [Schaum’s
Outline Series], 2nd ed., Erlangga, Jakarta.
16
3. Kho, K.H., 1989, “ Industri Kimia di
Indonesia Pada Waktu Ini dan Prospeknya
di Masa yang Akan Datang”, Makalah
Lokakarya Teknik Kimia, ITB.
4. Harjosuparto, S., 1990, “ Filsafat dan
Logika Teknik Kimia”, Makalah Penataran
Dosen PTS Teknik Kimia, Cisarua Bogor.
5. Charpentier, J.C., 2005, “ Four main
objectives for the nature of chemical and
process engineering mainly concerned by
the science and technologies of new
materials production”, Chem. Eng.
Journal, Article in Press.
6. Perry, C., 1994, “Chemical Engineers
Handbook”, Mac Graw-Hill, Kogakusha,
Tokyo
7. Rubin E.S., Davidson C.I.,2001,
“Introduction to Engineering and the
Environment”, Mc Graw Hill, Boston Burr
Ridge
8. Bishop P.L., 2000, “Pollution Prevention :
Fundamentals and Practice”, International
edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co, Singapore.
9. Freeman H.M., (editor) , 1989, “Standard
Handbook of Hazardous Waste Treatment
and Disposal”, McGraw-Hill Book Company,
New York.
17
4. Argentometry and Gravimetry Analysis
5. Complexometry Analysis
6. Spectrophotometric Analysis
References : 1. Felder, R. (2005). Elementary Principles of
Chemical Processes. 3rd ed. Wiley.
2. Donaldson, K. (1999). The Engineering
Student Survival Guide. McGraw-Hill, New
York.
3. Solen, K. A., and Harb, J. N. (1998).
Introduction to Chemical Process
Fundamentals & Design. 3rd edn. McGraw-
Hill, New York, 1998.
4. Vogel, A.I., 1978, “Text book of Macro and
Semi Micro Qualitative Inorganics
Analysis”, 4th ed. Longman Green and
Corp, New York.
2nd SEMESTER
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11. Case study : bioprocess product :
production concept and its application
References : 1. Duta, R. (2008). Fundamentals of
Biochemical Engineering. Springer, Ane
Books India.
2. Shuler, M. L. and Kargi, F. (2002).
Bioprocess Engineering–Basic Concepts.
2nd ed. Prentice Hall International Series,
New Jersey.
19
Understanding Our Chemical World. John
Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken.
20
Organic Chemistry. D.C. Heath and
Company., Boston.
21
differential and integral, to solve problems in
differential equation using various methods
Syllabus : 1. Cartesian, polar, and cylindrical coordinat
2. Vector
3. Ordinary differential equation
4. Partial differential equation
5. Matrix and determinant
6. Complex number, Laplace transform
7. Simultaneous differential equation
8. The expansion of the infinite series
(Taylor, McLaurin, Fourier, etc.).
9. Nonlinear equation
References : 1. Reddick, H. W. and Miller, F. H. (1955).
Advanced Mathematics for Engineers. 3rd
edn. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.
2. Wardiman. (1981). Persamaan Diferensial
(teori dan contoh-contoh penyelesaian
soal). Citra Offset, Yogyakarta.
3. Kreyszig, E. (1993). Advanced Engineering
Mathematics. 6th edn. John Wiley and
Sons, Inc., New York.
22
thermodynamics
8. Entropy of various process
9. Thermodynamics on steam generator
10. Application of second law of
thermodynamics for various process
(carnot cycle)
References : 1. Smith, J. M., Van Ness, H. C., and Abbott,
A. (2001). Introduction to Chemical
Engineering Thermodynamics. 6th ed.
McGraw-Hill, Boston.
2. Potter, M. C. and Somerton, C. W. (1993).
Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems
of Thermodynamics for Engineers.
McGraw-Hill, New York.
23
SEMESTER III
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materials for industrial equipment
Syllabus : 1. Mechanic characteristic
2. Solid geometrical structure
3. Purity analysis of solid material
4. Qualitative relation of phase
5. Mechanic characteristic of metal, ceramics,
polymer, and composite
6. Carbon steel and composite
7. Polymer
8. Ceramics
References : 1. Shreir, L. L. Jarman, R. A., Burstein, G. T.
(2000). Corrosion - Metal & Environment
Reactions. Butterworth-Heinemann
2. Rösler, J., Harders, H., Bäker, M. (2007).
Mechanical Behaviour of Engineering
Materials. Springer. New York
3. Callister, W. D. (2007). Materials Science
and Engineering. An Introduction. 7th edn.
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., NY.
25
2. Jenson, V. G. and Jeffreys, G. V. (1977).
Mathematical Methods in Chemical
Engineering. Academic Press, NY.
3. Rice, R. G., and Do, D. D. (1994). Applied
Mathematics and Modeling for Chemical
Engineers. John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New
York
26
fugacity coefficient, activity coefficient and
Gibbs energy
3. Gibbs energy standard
4. Chemical reaction equilibrium
5. Phase equilibrium
6. Application of fluid‟s thermodynamic
characteristics
7. Vapor-liquid, solid-liquid, and solid-gas
equilibrium
8. Chemical reaction equilibrium
References : 1. Smith, J. M., Van Ness, H. C., and Abbott,
A. (2001). Introduction to Chemical
Engineering Thermodynamics. 6th ed.
McGraw-Hill, Boston.
2. Potter, M. C. and Somerton, C.W., (1993).
Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems
of Thermodynamics for Engineers.
McGraw-Hill, New York.
27
2. Darwis, A.Z. & Said, E.G. (1992).Teknologi
Fermentasi. PAU Bioteknologi IPB, Rajawali
Press, Jakarta.
3. Prescott & Dunn.(1959).Industrial
Microbiology. 3rd edition. Mc Graw Hill
Book Co. Inc., New York
SEMESTER IV
28
should be able to describe and explain the
concepts of mass, energy, and momentum
transfer and to apply the concepts in chemical
engineering problems.
Syllabus : 1. Basic law of momentum transport
2. Momentum transfer mechanism for steady
state and laminar flow
3. Flux distribution of momentum and
velocity
4. Continuity equation for flat sheet, cylinder,
and ball
5. Momentum equation for flat sheet (x, y,
and z)
6. Velocity distribution concept for unsteady
state and the methods to solve velocity
equation
7. Fourier‟s law
8. Basic law of heat transport
9. Simultaneous energy and momentum
transport
10. Fick‟s diffusion law
11. Basic law of mass transport
12. Simultaneous mass, energy, and
momentum transport
References : 1. Bird, R. B., Stewart, W. E., and Lightfoot,
E. N. (2002). Transport Phenomena. 2nd
ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.
2. Welty, J. E., Wilson, R. E., and Wicks, C. E.
(1984). Fundamental of Momentum, Heat,
and Mass Transfer. John Wiley and Sons,
Inc., New York.
29
analytically and numerically
Syllabus : 1. Introduction to chemical engineering tools
2. Integral function
3. Integral function with numeric methods
4. Numeric methods for ordinary differential
equation
5. Numeric methods for partial differential
equation
6. Ordinary differential equation (Completion
of single and simultaneous first order
linear equations)
7. Ordinary differential equation (Completion
of single and simultaneous second order
linear equations )
8. Ordinary differential equation (Completion
of single and simultaneous second order
non-linear equations )
9. Preparation, completion, and application of
partial differential equation
References : 1. Mickley, H.S., T.K., Sherwood, C.E., Reed,.
1975, “ Applied Mathematics in Chemical
Engineering”, 2th ed., MC Graw Hill Book
Co. Inc.
2. Jenson, V.G., dan G.V., Jeffreys, 1977,
“Mathematics for Chemical Engineering”,
Academic Press.
3. Raman, 1985, “Chemical Process
Computation”, Elsevier.
4. Rice, R.S. dan D.D. Do, 1995, “Applied
Mathematics and Modelling for Chemical
Engineers”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
30
Convective and convective heat transfers;
2. One dimensional Conductive heat transfer
3. Simultaneous conduction and convection;
4. Double dimension conductive transfer
5. Basic concept of radiation heat transfer
6. Classification of heat exchanger
7. Heat transfer parameter
8. Temperature profile, single pass and multi-
pass LMTD, correction factor
9. Design of heat exchanger
10. NTU methods for heat transfer calculation
References : 1. Kern, D. Q. (1950). Process Heat Transfer.
McGraw-Hill Kogakusha, Ltd., Tokyo.
2. Slattery, J. C. (1972). Momentum, Heat
and Mass Transfer in Continua. Mc Graw
Hill Kogakusha, Ltd., Tokyo.
3. Holman, J. P. (1989). Heat Transfer.
McGraw-Hill Book Company, Singapore.
4. Incropera, F. P and De Witt, D. P. (1990).
Introduction to Heat Transfer. 2nd ed. John
Wiley & Sons, New York.
31
reaction kinetics equation for real
experiment data
4. Completion of reaction kinetics by
differential, partial differential, isolation,
and least square
5. Interpretation of experimental data on
batch reactor
6. Multiple reaction
7. Kinetics of non elementary reaction
8. Definition of heterogeneous catalyst
9. Kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic
reaction
10. Kinetics of Heterogeneous multi phase and
non-catalytic reaction
References : 1. Fogler, H. S. (2004). Elements of Chemical
Reaction Engineering. 3rd ed. Prentice Hall
International, New Jersey.
2. Levenspiel, O. (1999). Chemical Reaction
Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
3. Twigg, M.V. (1989). Catalyst Handbook.
2nd ed. Wolfe Publishing Ltd., London.
32
H.D. (2004). Wastewater Engineering. 4th
ed. Metclaf and Eddy. Inc., New York.
2. De Nevers, N. (2000). Air Pollution Control
Engineering.
3. Peavy, H.S., Rowe, D.R., Tchobanoglous,
G. (1985). Environmental Engineering.
McGrawHill Book Co., New York
33
thiosulfite oxidation)
2. Continuous-flow ideal reactor for
saponification reaction
3. Kinetics of hydrolysis of starch and oil
4. Gas-liquid reaction (carbon dioxide
absorption using caustic soda)
5. Esterification (Ethyl acetate or methyl
ester)
6. Preparation of catalysts by impregnation
and coprecipitation
7. Modification and activation zeolite
References : 1. Chisti, M. Y.(1989). Airlift Bioreactor.
Elsevier Applied Science, London.
2. Levenspiel, O.(1970).Chemical Reaction
Engineering, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill
Kogakusha Ltd., Tokyo.
SEMESTER V
34
Equation Systems
9. Application and Programming for Curve
fitting
10. Application and Programming of equation
roots
11. Application and programming of a single
ordinary differential equation
12. Application and programming of ordinary
simultaneous differential Equations.
13. Introduction to Ready-to-Use Programs for
Non-Reaction and Steady State Systems
References : 1. Bambang Triatmodjo, “Metoda Numerik”,
Beta Offset, 1992.
2. Bequette, B.W, “Process Dynamics,
Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation”,
Prentice Hall, 1998.
3. Constantinides, A and Mostoufi, N,
“Numerical Methods for Chemical Engineers
with MATLAB Applications”, John Wiley &
Sons, Inc, NY, 1999.
4. Deutsch, D. J., “Microcomputer Programs
for Chemical Engineers”, Vol. II, Mc Graw
Hill Book Comp., 1987.
5. Koyode, C. A., “Fortran Programs for
Chemical Process Design, Analysis, and
Simulation”, Gulf Publishing Comp., 1995.
6. Luyben, WL., “Plantwide dynamic
simulators in Chemical Processing and
Control”, Marcel Dekker, 2002
7. Riggs, J. B., “An Introduction to Numerical
Methods for Chemical Engineers”, Texas
Tech University Press, Lubbock, Texas,
USA, 1988
8. Seider, WD., Seader, JD & Lewin DR.,
1999, “ Process Design Principles,
Synthesis, Analysis and Evaluation”, John
Wiley & Sons, New York.
35
Objectives : After completion of this course, students are
expected to posses‟ basic principles,
procedures and analyses as well as to
accomplish a research project
comprehensively
Syllabus : 1. Research Philosophy
2. Basic concept of research
3. Problem statement and research
objectives
4. Thinking Framework
5. Hypothesis
6. Experiment Design: Determine the
model/design of the study, statistic, and
factorial design
7. Writing a research proposal
8. Solving the research problem by modeling
9. Measuring (basic concept, accuracy, and
precision)
10. Research report, writing procedures and
preparation of scientific papers.
36
References : 1. Box, E.P dan Hunter, W.G. (1978),
Statistics for experimenters, John Wiley
& Sons, New York
2. Nazir, 1988, Metode Penelitian, Ghalia
Indonesia, Jakarta.
3. Marzuki, 1989, Metodolgi Riset, Penerbit
BPFE, Yogyakarta.
4. Rifai, M.A. 2001. Pegangan Gaya
Penulisan, Penyuntingan dan Penerbitan
Karya Ilmiah Indonesia. Gadjahmada
University Press. Halaman 4-7.
5. Singarimbun, M dan S. Efendi, 1989,
Metode Penelitian Survei, Penerbit LP3ES,
Jakarta.
6. Suryabrata, S., 1992, Metodologi
Penelitian, CV Rajawali, Jakarta,
7. Sutrisno Hadi, 1976, Metodologi Riset, Jilid
1 dan 3, Andi Offset, Yogyakarta.
8. Soetrisno dan SRD. Rita Hanafi.2007.
Filsafat Ilmu dan Metodologi Penelitian.
Penerbit Andi Offset, Yogyakarta
9. Wasito, H., 1992, Pengantar Metodologi
Penelitian, Gramedia, Jakarta.
10. Dikti, 1994, Petunjuk Pengelolaan
Penelitian di Dirjen DIKTI, Jakarta
37
5. Effect of temperature and energy in
reactor design.
6. Liquid-gas heterogeneous reactor
7. Design of catalytic reactor
8. Design of Solid-gas heterogeneous
reactor
References : 1. Fogler, H. S. (2004). Element of Chemical
Reaction Engineering. 3rd ed. Prentice-
Hall, Englewood-Cliffs, New Jersey
2. Levenspiel, O. (2003). Chemical Reaction
Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, New
York.
3. Smith, J.M., 1981, “Chemical Engineering
Kinetics”, 3nd ed., Mc. Graw Hill,
Kogakusha, Ltd., Tokyo.
38
References : 1. Richardson, J. F., Harker, J. H., Backhurst,
J. R. (2002). Coulson and Richardson’s
Chemical Engineering. Particle Technology
and Separation Processes. 5th edn.
Butterworth & Heinemann, New York.
2. Foust, AS, 1979, Principle of Unit
Operatida, 2 ed . John Wiley, Sons, New
York.
3. Geankoplis, CJ, 1997, Transport Process
and Limit Operation, 3 th ed. Prentice Hall
of India, New Delhi..
4. Hollan, FA and Bragg, R, 1995, Fluida Flow
for Chemical Engineering, 2 nd ed. Arnold,
London.
5. Krans and Milton, 1980, Pneumatic
Conveging of Bulk Material, 2 nd ed,
Mcgraw Hill Publising Co.
6. Mc Cabe, WL, Smith, JL, and Harriot, P,
2001, Unit Operation of Chemical
Engineering , 6 th ed, Mc Graw. Hill , New
York.
7. Perry, RH Green, DW and Moloney JA,
1997, Perry”s Chemical Engineers
Handbook, 7 th ed, Mc Graw Hill, New
York.
39
7. Crystallization
8. Drying
9. Humidification
References : Richardson, J. F., Harker, J. H., Backhurst, J.
R. (2002). Coulson and Richardson’s
Chemical Engineering. Particle Technology
and Separation Processes. 5th ed. Butterworth
& Heinemann, New York.
40
SEMESTER VI
41
York.
3. Luyben, W. L. and Luyben, M. L. (1997).
Essential of Process Control. McGraw-Hill,
New York.
4. Doyle III, Francis J.2000. Process Control
Moduls a Software Laboratory for Control
Design. Prentice Hall Int. Series.
42
Analysis, and Design of Chemical Process.
3rd edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River,
New Jersey.
3. Cussler, E. L and Moggridge, G. D. (2001).
Chemical Product Design. Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge.
4. Ulrich, K. T. and Eppinger, S. D. (2011).
Product Design and Development. 5rd edn.
Mc Graw Hill, Boston.
5. Seider, W. D., Seider, J. D., & Lewin, D. R.
(2004). Product & Process Design
Principles: Synthesis, Analysis and
Evaluation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New
York.
6. Biegler, L. T., Grossman, I. E., &
Westerberg, A. W. (1997). Systematic
Method of Chemical Process Design.
Prentice Hall PTR, New Jersey.
7. Smith, R. (2005). Chemical Processes:
Design and Integration. John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., New York.
43
a. The basic concept
b. Plate tower design for absorption
c. Packed tower design for gas absorption
3. Extraction
a. The basic concept
b. The calculation of the theoretical stage
4. Adsorption
a. Adsorbent
b. The basic concept
c. Fixed bed column design for adsorption
d. Adsorbent regeneration
References : Richardson, J. F., Harker, J. H., Backhurst, J.
R. (2002). Coulson and Richardson’s Chemical
Engineering. Particle Technology and
Separation Processes. 5th ed. Butterworth &
Heinemann, New York.
44
References : 1. Droste, R. I. (1997). Theory and Practice of
Water and Wastewater Treatment. John
Wiley and Sons, Inc., Canada.
2. Kemmer, F. N. (1988). The Nalco Water
Handbook. 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill Book
Company, New York.
3. Linsley, R.K., and J.B. Fransini, 1979,
"Water Resources Engineering, 3 rd. ed.,
Mc Graw Hill, New York.
4. Reynolds, T.D., 1982, "Unit Operation and
Processes in Environmental Engineering,
Brooks / Cole Engineering Division,
Monterey, California
5. Severn, N. H & Howard, E. D. (1981).
Steam, Air, and Gas Power. Asia Publishing
Co. Inc., Kolkata
6. Wallace, A. G. (1981). Principles and
Practice of Electrical Engineering. Mc Graw-
Hill Book Co.,New York.
SEMESTER VII
Course Title : Chemical Engineering Economics
Code : TKM21238
Credit Hour : 2
Pre-requisite : Taken together with Design of Chemical Plant
Competency : C, D
Objectives : After completion of this course, the student
should be able to explain and calculate the
economic aspects of a system or a process of
chemical plant equipment.
Syllabus : 1. Cost and capital efficiency
2. Total Capital Investment and Working
45
Capital
3. Time value of money (Present, future, and
annual worth)
4. Cash flow, cumulative cash flow
5. Analysis of time value of money
6. Concept of fixed capital, working capital
7. Physical plant cost and manufacturing cost
8. General expense
9. Optimasi forcasting interest
10. Depreciation, taxes organization
11. Profitability analysis (ROI, DCF, ROR, POT)
References : 1. Peters, M. S. (1991). Plant Design and
Economics for Chemical Engineers. McGraw-
Hill Book Co., Singapore.
2. Coupers, J. R. (2003). Process Engineering
Economics. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
3. Aries RS, Newton RD, 1955, ”Chemical Eng.
Cost Estimation,” Mc Graw Hill Book
Company, New York.
4. Hani Handoko T, 1985,” Man personalia dan
SDM,” BPFE, Yogyakarta.
5. Mardiasmo,1997, “ Perpajakan” Penerbit
ANDI Yokyakarta.
48
References : 1. Sinnot, R. K. (2005). Chemical Engineering
Design. Coulson & Richardson’s Chemical
Engineering Series. Vol. 6. 4th ed. Elsevier,
Amsterdam.
2. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
(2204), American Society of Mechanical
Engineers, New York.
3. BS CP 5500 (2003) Specification for
unfired fusion welded pressure vessels.
4. BS EN 13445, Unfired pressure vessels.
5. API 620 (2002) Design and construction of
large, welded, low pressure storage tanks,
10th edn, American Petroleum Institute,
Washington DC.
6. API 650 (2002) Welded steel tanks for oil
storage, 10th edn, American Petroleum
Institute, Washington DC.
7. BS 4494 (1987) Specification for vessels
and tanks in reinforced plastics, British
Standard Institute, London.
8. Bronwnell, L.E. & Young, E.H. (1959).
Process Equipment Design: Vessel design,
1st ed., John Wiley & Son, Inc., New York
9. Kern, D.Q. (1965), Process Heat Transfer,
1st ed., McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., Tokyo
10. TEMA (1999) Standars of the Tubular Heat
Exchanger Manufactures Association, 8th
Edn (Tubular Heat Exchanger
Manufactures Association), New York
49
techniques, skills, and modern
infrastructure in the chemical engineering
applications.
Syllabus : 1. The basic concept of chemical plant design
2. Design strategies
3. Unit process and unit operation integration
4. The Selection and integration of utility and
storage unit
5. The use of Chemical Engineering software
as a tool of plant design and Flowsheeting
6. Equipment lay-out dan plant lay-out
determination
7. HAZOP (Hazard and Operability )
References : 1. Baasel, W. D. (1990). Preliminary
Chemical Engineering Plant Design. 2nd
ed., McGraw Hill, Kogakusha.
2. Douglas, J. M. (1988). Conceptual Design
of Chemical Processes. McGraw-Hill
Chemical Engineering Series, NY.
3. Coulson, J. M. & Richardson, J.F. (1988).
Chemical Process Equipment. McGraw-Hill
Chemical Engineering Series, NY.
4. Seider, W. D., Lewin, D. R. (1999).
Process Design Principles. John Wiley &
Sons, New York.
5. Ulrich, G. D. (1984). Chemical Process
Design and Economic. John Wiley & Sons,
New York.
6. Perry, R. H. (ed). (1997). Perry’s Chemical
Engineers’ Handbook. 7th ed. McGraw-Hill,
New York.
50
2. Entrepreneurial profile and identification of
entrepreneurs
3. Entrepreneurship factors and definition of
intra-preneurship
4. Professionalism in chemical engineering
5. The concept of self-employment and
entrepreneurship
6. Creative process (Herbert G. Hicks and
Robert D. Hisrich)
7. The basics of business plan and strategy
8. Business organizations
9. Risk management and Techno-preneurship
References : 1. Smith, J.M., Van Ness, H.C., and Abbott,
A., (2001), “Introduction to Chemical
Engineering Thermo-dynamics”, 6th
edition, McGraw-Hill, Boston
2. Walas, S. M. (19..), “Phase Equilibria In
Chemical Engineering”, 1st edition,
Butterworth-Heinemann.
3. Prausnitz, J. M., Lichtenthaler, R. N., de
Azevedo, E. G., (1986), “Molecular
Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria”,
2nd edition, Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood
Cliffs, N. J.
ELECTIVE COURSES 1
51
8. Sport drink
9. Soy products
References : 1. Gibson, G. R. & Williams, C. R. (eds.)
(2000). Functional Food. Concept to
Product. Woodhead Publishing Ltd., Boca
Raton.
2. Guo, M. (2009). Functional Food. Principles
and Technology. Woodhead Publishing Co.,
UK.
52
3. Spleight, JG 2002, Handbook of Petroleum
Product Analysis, 4th edition, John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., Hoboken.
53
Credit Hour : 2
Pre-requisite : -
Competency : B, E, F
Objectives : After completion of this course, the student
should be to explain the definitions, basic
concepts of clean production technologies, and
be able to assess the implementation of
cleaner production technology in the chemical
industry.
Syllabus : 1. Definition and basic concepts of clean
production technologies (Good House
Keeping, Raw material Substitution,
Technology Changes, Product changes,
Onsite reuse)
2. Waste minimization (Source Reduction,
Reuse-Recycle-Recovery, Waste
Treatment, Disposal),
3. Pollution prevention (end of pipe
treatment: hard recycle, waste treatment,
disposal),
4. The concept of industrial ecology (Reject
Concept of wastes),
5. Application of clean production
technologies in the chemical industry
References : 1. Higgins, T.E. (1995). Pollution Prevention
Handbook: Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA). Lewis Publisher.
2. Bischof, P. L. (2000). Pollution Prevention.
Mc. Graw-Hill.
3. Graedel, T. E. & Allenby, B. R. (1995).
Industrial Ecology. Pretice Hall, Engelwood
Cliffs, New Jersey.
ELECTIVE COURSES 2
54
processing, the causes and mechanisms of
damage, and various ways to preserve food.
Syllabus : 1. Damage to food (damage due to microbes,
enzymes, the influence of environmental
conditions)
2. Food shelf life
3. Food processing for milk
4. Food processing for meat
5. Food processing for fruit and vegetable
6. Food processing for vegetable oil and its
derivatives
7. Food processing for sugar and its
derivatives
8. Food preservation (principles and
technologies using heat, low temperature,
drying, irradiation, fermentation, chemical
addition).
References : 1. Stanbury, P. F. (1984). Principles of
Fermentation Technology. Pergamon
Press, New York.
2. Atkinson, B. & Mavituna, F. (1991).
Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology
Hand Book. 2nd edn. Stockton Press, New
York.
3. Blanch, H. W. and Clark, D. S. (1997).
Biochemical Engineering. Marcel Dekker,
Inc., New York.
4. Sraggg, A. H. (1988). Biotechnology for
Engineers: Biological Systems in
Technological. John Wiley & Sons, New
York.
55
3. Preparation and cleaning of coal
4. Coal combustion process
5. Coal briquettes
6. Coal gasification process
7. Coal liquefaction process
8. Air emissions from coal conversion and
particulate control
9. Flue gas desulfurization
References : 1. Bell, D. A., Towler, B. F. & Fan, M. (2011).
Coal Gasification and It’s Applications.
Elsevier, London.
2. Bruce G. Miller, (2005), "Coal Energy
Systems", Elsevier Academic Press, New
York.
3. Smith, Lee K., and L., Douglas Smoot,
(1990), "Characteristic of Commonly-used
US Ccoals Towards a Set of Standart
Research Coals", Prog. Energy Cobm.
Science.
4. Elliot, A., Martin, (1981), "Chemistry of
Coal Utilization",John Wiley & Sons.Inc,
New York.
56
6. Polymer processing into finished products
(injection molding, blow molding,
calendaring, blow forming and thermo
forming films)
7. Polymer additives material (colorants,
antioxidants, anti electrostatics, lubricating
and anticaking).
8. The nature of polymer degradation
References : 1. Stephen L. Rosen, Fundamental principles
of polymeric materials, john wiley & sons,
1982.
2. Mukhtar Ahmed, Coloring of plastic, theory
and practice, Van Nostrand Reinhold
Company International Office, 1979.
3. F. N. Cogswell, Polymer Melt Rheology, A
guide for Industrial Practice, John Wiley &
sons, New York, 1981.
57
References : 1. Kemp, IC 2007, Pinch Analysis and Process
Integration. A User Guide on Process
Integration for the Efficient Use of Energy,
2nd edition, Butterworth-Heinemann,
Boston.
2. Linnhoff, B 1998, Introduction to Pinch
Technology, Linnhoff March, Northwich,
England.
3. Linnhoff, B & Hindmarsh, E 1983, The
pinch design method of heat exchanger
networks, Chem Eng Sci. Vol. 38(5), pp
745–763.
4. Linnhoff, B, Mason, DR & Wardle, I 1979,
Understanding heat exchanger networks,
Comp Chem Eng, pp 3: 295.
ELECTIVE COURSES 3
Course Title : Enzyme and Fermentation Technology
Code : TKM21253
Credit Hour : 2
Pre-requisite : Bioprocess Basics
Competency : B, E-1, F
Objectives : After completion of this course, the student
should be able to explain the functions and
how to make the enzyme, the basics of
fermentation operations and fermenters design
calculations
Syllabus : 1. Enzymes as catalysts
2. The kinetics of enzymatic reactions
3. Modern enzyme technology
4. The sources of enzyme
5. Biosynthesis of enzyme (factors,
mechanism, manipulation, and kinetics)
6. Production of enzyme from plant
7. Production of enzyme by microbiology
8. Enzyme recovery process and cell division
method
9. Enzyme recovery by aggregation and
flotation
10. Enzyme recovery by centrifugation and
filtration
11. Ion-exchange, affinity, gel filtration, high
performance liquid Chromatography
58
12. Bioreactor
13. Design of bioreactor
References : 1. Stanbury, PF 1984, Principles of
Fermentation Technology, Pergamon
Press. Oxford New York.
2. Atkinson, B & Mavituna F 1991,
Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology
Hand Book, 2nd. Edition, Stockton Press,
New York.
3. Blanch, HW and Clark, DS 1997,
Biochemical Engineering, New York, Marcel
Dekker, Inc.
4. Sragg, AH 1988, Biotechnology for
Engineers: Biological Systems in
Technological, John Wiley & Sons, New
York.
59
(1983). Gas Treating with Chemical
Solvents. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
3. Campbell, J. M. (1984). Gas Conditioning
and Processing, Volume 1, Campbell
Petroleum Series.
4. Campbell, J. M. (1984). Gas Conditioning
and Processing. Volume 2, Campbell
Petroleum Series.
60
3. Overview of emulsion system
thermodynamics;
4. Emulsion analysis and factors that affect
the stability of the emulsion
5. Application of emulsion
6. Destabilization of the emulsion;
7. The mechanism of stabilization and
destabilization;
8. Surfactant definition;
9. The types and properties of surfactants
(anionic, cationic, nonionic, and
amphoterik surfactant);
10. Hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB);
11. Criticle Micelle Concentration, Cloud Point.
12. Emulsifiers for food (application, case
study)
References : 1. Sjoblom, J. (1992). Emulsions- A
Fundamental and Practical Approach.
Kluwer Academic Publishers, London.
2. Sjoblom, J. (2001). Encyclopedic Handbook
of Emulsion Technology. Marcel Dekker
Inc., New York.
3. Jonsson, B., Lindman, B., Holmberg, K. &
Kronberg, B. (2003). Surfactants and
Polymers in Aqueous Solution. 2nd edn.
John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Toronto.
4. Porter, M. R. (1994). Handbook of
Surfactants. 2nd edn. Blachie Academic &
Professional, Madras.
5. Hasenhuettl, Gerard L., Hartel, Richard W
(2008), Food Emulsifiers and Their
Applications, Springer-Verlag, New York
ELECTIVE COURSES 4
Course Title : Food Packaging and Safety Technology
Code : TKM21257
Credit Hour : 2
Pre-requisite : -
Competency : B, E-1, F
Objectives : After completion of this course, the students
are able to explain the type and process of
packaging materials, packaging requirements,
food packaging techniques, and recycling of
61
packaging
Syllabus : 1. Introduction
2. Food safety
3. Food safety criteria
4. Types of packaging materials
5. The process of packaging manufacture
6. Packaging requirements
7. Food packaging techniques
8. Food packaging materials recycling
References : 1. Robertson, G. L. (1993). Food Packaging:
Principles and Practice. Marcel Dekker,
New York , USA
2. Hanlon, J. F. , Forcinio, H. E. & Kelsey, R.
J. (1998). Handbook of Packaging
Engineering. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL ,
USA
3. Brody, A. L. & Marsh, K. S. (eds.) (1997).
The Wiley Encyclopedia of Packag-ing
Technology . Wiley – International, New
York, USA
62
Its Physics, Engineering, Environmental
Impacts, Economic & Planning. 4th edn.
Elsevier Ltd. Oxford.
3. Hoogers, G. (ed.) (2003). Fuel Cell
Technology Handbook. CRC Press LLC,
Boca Raton
63
Microfiltration Handbook. Technomic
Publishing Company, Inc., Lancaster.
3. Zeman, L. J. & Sydney, A. L. (1996).
Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration: Principles
and Applications. Marcel Dekker Inc., New
York
4. Byrne, W. (1995). Reverse Osmosis: A
Practical Guide for Industrial Users, 1st
edn. Tall Oaks Publishing Inc., Littleton.
5. Scoot, K. (1997). Handbook of Industrial
membranes. 1st ed. Elsevier Advanced
Technology.
64
3 STAFFS AND FACILITIES
65
Prof. Dr. Ir. Bakti Jos, DEA Prof. Dr. Ir. Abdullah, MS
Professor Professor
Separation Technology Fermentation
e-mail: baktijos_2010@gmal.com E-mail: abd_busairi@yahoo.com
Dr. Ir. Didi Dwi Anggoro, MEng Prof. Dr. M. Djaeni, ST, MEng
Lektor Kepala Professor
Chemical Reaction; Cataliyst Energy; Drying
E-mail: anggoro_phd@yahoo.com E-mail: mzaini98@yahoo.com
66
Prof. Dr. Istadi, ST, MT Prof. Dr. Widayat, ST, MT
Professor Professor
Catalyst; Plama Energy; Biofuel
E-mail: i.istadi@undip.ac.id e-mail: yayat_99@yahoo.com
67
Ir. Indro Sumantri, MEng Ir. Nur Rokhati, MT
Lektor Kepala Lektor Kepala
Waste Treatment Process Engineering
e-mail: indrotekim@yahoo.com e-mail: nur_r81@undip.ac.id
69
Nita Aryanti, ST, MT, PhD Dyah Hesti Wardhani, ST, MT,
Lektor PhD
Membrane; Emulsion Technology Lektor
E-mail: nita.aryanti@gmail.com Bioprocess; Functional Food
E-mail: dhwardhani@gmail.com
70
Ir. Amin Nugroho, MS Dessy A, ST, MT
Asisten Ahli Asisten Ahli
Environmental Science Biofuel
E-mail: nugrohoamin@yahoo.com E-mail: dessy_wp@yahoo.com
3.2 FACILITIES
3.2.1 Campus Buildings
a. Building A, having total area of 1.579 m2 is used for 3
educational laboratories (Unit Operation Laboratory, Unit
Process Laboratory, Microbiology Laboratory), 5 specialized
laboratories (Instrumentation Laboratory, Energy and Process
Engineering Laboratory, Bioprocess Laboratory, Separation
Technology Laboratory, and Food Process Engineering
Laboratory), 3 class rooms having capacities of 50 students,
respectively, and 14 rooms for faculty members.
71
b. Building B, having total area of 741 m2 is used for Process
Computation Laboratory, Meeting Room, 2 Administration Room,
12 rooms for faculty members, 3 meeting room and Library.
c. Building C, having total area of 758 m2 is used for 5 class
rooms with capacities of 60 students each, and a room for
Student Union.
d. Building D, having total area of 360 m2 is used for Workshop
and Waste Treatment Laboratory.
e. Building E, having total area of 225 m2 is used for Chemical
Engineering Fundamental Laboratory I and II.
3.2.2 Laboratories
a. Educational Laboratories:
Chemical Engineering Fundamental Laboratory I
Chemical Engineering Fundamental Laboratory II
Microbiology Laboratory
Process Computation Laboratory
Chemical Process Laboratory
Unit Operation Laboratory
b. Research Laboratories:
Waste Treatment Laboratory
Energy and Process Engineering Laboratory
Instrumentation Laboratory
Bioprocess Laboratory
Separation Technology Laboratory
Food Process Engineering Laboratory
3.2.3 Libraries
The students of the Chemical Engineering Department are able to
access Diponegoro University Central Library, Engineering Faculty
Library, and Departmental Library. The Departmental Library is
provided with more than five hundreds textbooks, journals to
support all students and faculty members‟ activities. The libraries
are linked to Sciencedirect and Springerlink.
3.2.4 LAN/Internet
The Engineering Faculty provides LAN/internet facilities to support
the transfer of information, science, and technology, as well as
academic information system. The Department provides hotspot
facility for students and faculty members to access LAN/internet.
The facility is available 24 hours per day, 7 days per week for free.
4. Workshop
Workshop is used to fabricate equipment needed in laboratories,
researches, and community service.
72
4 ACADEMIC REGULATIONS
Student Assessment
1. To assess the progress of the study of the students the following forms
of examination can be conducted:
a. Written examination:
- Quiz/test
- Mid examination of a semester
- Final examination of a semester
b. Practical examination;
73
c. Oral examination, such as for comprehensive examination and
thesis defense;
d. Based on reasonable arguments, other forms of examination can be
conducted.
2. Examination prerequisite:
a. Mid/Final examination:
- The student should be registered in the List of Course Attendant
(LCA)
- The student should have attended at least 75% of every course.
b. Final examination of the program:
The student should have passed all the courses.
3. Assessment System
a. Type of assessment and how to do it adjusted to the characteristics
of courses.
b. The grades are designated by alphabets with the following scores:
A = 4 D = 1
B = 3 E = 2
C = 2
c. The students obtaining the grade of D for any course have to
improve their grade and it is allowed for them to only attend the
examination.
d. The students obtaining the grade of E for any course have to
improve their grade by attending the course and the examination.
e. The students obtaining the grade of B and C are allowed to improve
their grades. At the end of the program, the best grades are used
as the final grades
f. The grades of the examination are announced.
g. The students are allowed to improve their grades in other
semesters.
h. For any reason that the grades are not defined at the end of a
semester, they should be graded as IC (incomplete) with the score
of zero (0).
i. Achievement
The achievement of the students is designated by GPA.
In the calculation of final GPA, every course is used once with its
best grade.
The GPA calculation is done by using the following formula:
IP
KN
K
with K and N are the credit hour and the score for each course,
respectively.
4. The prerequisite, the validation of the attendant, and the regulation of
the examination are defined by the Faculty.
74
Evaluation of Study Progress of the Student
Evaluation is performed to determine the progress of students in the
study period.
1. The stages of criteria for evaluations is explained in following:
a. First three semester
The students must have accumulated at least 35 credit hours
with the GPA ≥ 2.25.
Should the students have passed < 35 credit hours with the
GPA< 2.25, the calculation of the GPA is done for the best 35
credit hours.
b. Second three semester (seventh semester)
The students have to have passed at least 85 credit hours with
the GPA ≥ 2.25.
Should the students have passed < 85 credit hours with the
GPA< 2.25, the calculation of the GPA is done for the best 85
credit hours.
c. End of the program
By the end of the fourteenth semester, the student should have
passed all the courses with the GPA ≥ 2.00.
2. Should the students not able to fulfill the above criteria, they are
categorized as unable to attend the academic process. To these
students, the Rector will issue a letter to terminate the academic
process for the students.
3. Successful completion of undergraduate study
The students are declared to have finished the undergraduate program
whenever:
a. They have passed all the courses,
b. They have hold TOEFL certificate with the minimum score of 400 of
which is obtained during the study.
c. the GPA is≥ 2.00
4. In the final transcript, the grade D is not allowed.
5. The transcript of the undergraduate originated from the DIII program
includes all the converted courses and all the courses taken in the
undergraduate program.
6. The date of the graduation is the date of the defining the final GPA.
Yudicium
1. The predicate of the undergraduates are:
GPA PREDICATE
2.00 – 2.75 satisfactorily
2.76 – 3.50 very satisfactorily
3.51 – 4.00 cumlaude
75
2. The cumlaude predicate is determined by considering the length of the
study as well, i.e. five years.
3. The cumlaude predicate is not awarded to the undergraduate originated
from the DIII program.
Student Sabbatical
1. The Rector may grant a sabbatical provided:
a. The students have received 45 credit units with the GPA ≥ 2,25,
b. The students must submit a petition letter to the Rector.
2. The Rector may also grant a leave for:
a. Medical reasons provided the petition is recommended by a hospital
or other responsible institutions.
b. Students as members of delegations representing the Diponegoro
University in events extend for one month or more.
3. During the study period, the students are admitted to get sabbatical for
maximum of twice or two semesters.
4. Sabbatical is not allowed for previous semester.
5. The sabbatical is not included in the calculation of the study period.
76
5 FINAL ASSIGNMENTS
PREREQUISITE
1. The students has obtained at least 137 credit hours
2. The students should have taken all the courses except the humanity
courses and elective subjects.
3. The course has to be included in the KRS.
PROCEDURE
1. The students register to the Coordinator of Chemical Plant Design
Project by showing the KRS approved by the academic counselor.
2. The Coordinator explains the mechanism of the execution of the
project to the students.
3. The Coordinator determines the groups (2 students per group), the
titles of the projects, and the supervisors (2 supervisors per group).
The Coordinator fills the TA-1 form.
4. The project should be done within 16 weeks since approved by the
Supervisors.
5. At the end of the semester, the supervisors have to give scores by
filling the TA-2 form and hand the form to the Coordinator.
6. The supervisors are responsible to the Coordinator.
7. The Coordinator is responsible to the Head of the Department.
SUPERVISING GUIDELINE
1. The content of the report is defined in the TA-3 form.
2. At the beginning of the project, the students with the supervisors have
to determine the capacity of the plant.
3. The supervisors have to supervise the students in every stage of the
project and consider the time schedule.
78
ASSESSMENT GUIDELINE
Week Assessment Components Max. score
1–2 Design strategy 10
3–8 Process design 35
9 – 13 Equipment and utility design 35
14 – 15 Economic calculation 10
16 Report/executive summary writing 10
TOTAL SCORE (in number) 100
79
II. PROCESS DESIGN
Flow sheeting:
The process flow sheet is constructed with correct equipment
symbols and dimensions along with the operating conditions and
instruments.
Material and energy balances
- Material balance is used to calculate all process variables, i.e.
flow rates and compositions of all flows in the process.
- Energy balance is used to calculate all process variables, i.e.
temperatures and pressures of all flows in the process. In many
cases, both material and energy balances must be solved
simultaneously.
Process description
Description of the treatment of raw materials, raw materials into
reaction products in the reactor, the product separation process
after leaving the reactor, to the handling of products produced
(according to the process flow diagram).
Scalability
Labeling flow rate and composition of the materials on the inflow
and outflow of each equipment (according to the flow sheet).
80
- Electricity: total number of power plants needed; power source
(generator, PLN).
- Fuel: type of fuel used; types of usage, the number of needs
(liters / day)
- Air instruments: the quality and quantity requirements.
V. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Contains a summary of I - IV that can be used by (executives) decision
makers in order to conclude proper of project design of the plant followed.
EXAMINATION GUIDELINE
1. Examinations held in the spesific period and was adjusted to the
academic calender.
2. Students, who have completed the preliminary design assignment,
eligible to take the exam.
3. Before the exam, students must fulfill the administrative
requirements, such as :
a. reports that have been signed by supervisor (4 exp)
b. college transcript
4. After completing the administrative requirements, Coordinator
establish the examiner.
5. The exam led by Chief Examiners
6. Examination performed independently
7. Examiners right to postpone the exam, if the student is not
considered feasible to take the exam.
8. Basically, there is no revision after the exam. However, report
deficiency should be noted in the blank pages, which is provided on
the front page after approval sheet.
9. Basically, the exam is conducted openly, if the place allows
10. The examination take place for 2,5 hours (maximum)
11. Student must prepare a process flow chart with an easily readable
size and supporting literature.
12. Students required to wear a white long sleeve shirt, tie, and black
skirt/pants.
13. Minutes and scores of examination submitted to the Coordinator
81
14. Students can be declared to have passed when the average scores of
supervisors and the examiners greater than or equal to 60.
15. At the end of the exam period, Chemical Engineering Department will
hold a meeting to determine the graduation.
82
TA-1 form
PRELIMINARY DESIGN
No : ..............................
Subject : Preliminary Design
To
___________________________
Preliminary Design Supervisor
The Department of Chemical Engineering
Faculty of Engineering
Diponegoro University
in
SEMARANG
Semarang,
Coordinator of
Preliminary Design
___________________
ID.
83
TA-2 Form
Name : ....................................................
ID : ....................................................
Title : ..............................................................................
Max. Advisor
Assessment Components Score
score sign
Design strategy 10
Process design 35
Equipment and utility design 35
Economic calculation 10
Report/executive summary writing 10
TOTAL SCORE (in number) 100
FINAL GRADE (in alphabet)
Semarang, …………………………
Coordinator of Preliminary
Design
_______________________
NIP
84
Cover Format
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
By :
85
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
TITLE
PRODUCTION CAPACITY
Ton/year
I. DESIGN STRATEGY
Background
Basis for determining
production capacity
Basis for determining the
location of the factory
Process selection
Raw material
Name
Specification
Requirement
Ton/day
Origin
Product
Name
Specification
Production Ton/day
Marketing area
WATER
Service water m3/day
cooling water m3/day
process water m3/day
Boiler feed water m3/day
86
Total
m3/day
m3/ton of product
Source
STEAM
Steam requirement
Ton/day
Type ofboiler
ELECTRICITY
Electricity requirement Megawatt
Source Own Generator : Megawatt
PLN :
Megawatt
FUEL
Type
Requirement
Ton/day
Source
87
TA-4 form
NAME : ........................................................................
ID : ........................................................................
Title of the project : .......................................................................
Date of : ........................................................................
Supervisors : ........................................................................
Sign
Annotati
No. Date Subject Student Supervi
on
sor
Semarang, ................................................
Supervisors,
______________________ ______________________
ID ID
88
3.2 TKK 381 : INDUSTRIAL TRAINING (3 CREDIT HOURS)
89
6. Explain the laboratory program and principles of raw materials and
products analysis.
7. Draw and explain the organizational structure of the plant.
8. Explain the reason for the plant site selection.
9. Draw plant and equipment layout.
10. Complete the special task by using chemical engineering tools for the
evaluation of the process equipment performance or process
efficiency.
11. Prepare a written report in accordance with the applicable rules and
format.
REQUIREMENT
1. The students has obtained at least 110 credit hours
2. Registered in KRS.
3. At Industrial training implementation, students should have been
taking all the courses the semester I to semester VI except General
Basic Courses and Elective Courses.
4. If a plant requires the submission within a one or more year periods,
then at the time of application letter submission to the plant
5. The students have to write a proposal after accepted
6. Industrial training duration at least one month.
90
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING PROCEDURE
1. Student overlooks the Supervisor to get special assignment.
2. Students carry out industrial training at the plant in at least 1 (one)
month with a Letter of Assignment (PK-3 form).
3. Field Supervisor (from the factory) is also permitted given the task
and / or scores to the student while not deviating from the curriculum.
4. After completing the industrial training, the student must immediately
report to the Supervisor for Industrial training and special assignment
report guidance.
5. Report assessment refers to the PK-4 form that is given after the
report declared completed and submitted to the department teaching
division.
6. Students must submit a report that has been approved in print and CD
(PDF file) to the Industrial Training Coordinator.
SUPERVISING GUIDELINE
1. Industrial Training Supervisor in charge of assign tasks to students
adjusted to Plant condition (based proposal that have been made).
Guidance and assessment reports refer to the PK-4 form.
2. Industrial Training report and special assignment report prepared in
accordance with the report writing guidelines that published by the
Department.
EXAMINATION GUIDELINE
1. Examinations held in the spesific period and was adjusted to the
academic calender.
2. Students, who have completed industrial training assignment, eligible
to take the exam.
3. Before the exam, students must fulfill the administrative
requirements, such as :
a. industrial training reports that have been signed by supervisor (4
exp)
b. special asssigment report that have been signed by supervisor (4
exp)
c. college transcript
4. After completing the administrative requirements, Industrial Training
Coordinator establish the examiner.
5. The exam led by Chief Examiners
6. Examination performed independently
7. Examiners right to postpone the exam, if the student is not
considered feasible to take the exam.
8. Basically, the exam is conducted openly, if the place allows
91
9. The examination take place for 2 hours (maximum), with allocation of
time :
- 30 minutes for presentation
- 90 minutes for question and answer
10. Student must prepare a process flow chart with an easily readable
size and supporting literature.
11. Students required to wear a white long sleeve shirt, tie, and black
skirt/pants.
12. Minutes and scores of examination submitted to the Coordinator
13. Students can be declared to have passed Industrial Examination
when the average scores of supervisors and the examiners greater
than or equal to 60.
ASSESSMENT GUIDELINE
Industrial Training valuation consist of two components: industrial training
report and special assignment report with the each percentage
1. Industrial Training report : 30%
2. Special assignment report : 70%
92
PK-1 Form
MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUATION
UNIVERSITY OF DIPONEGORO
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Campus of Tembalang Semarang 50239
APPLICATION LETTER
Industrial Training
Dear
Coordinator of Industrial Training
Department of Chemical Engineering
Diponegoro University
Semarang
Semarang,
Academic Counselor,
_________________________
ID.
93
PK-2 Form
MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUATION
UNIVERSITY OF DIPONEGORO
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Campus of Tembalang Semarang 50239
Dear
______________________
Supervisor of Industrial Training
Department of Chemical Engineering
Diponegoro University
Semarang
Semarang,
Coordinator of Industrial Training
_________________________
ID.
94
PK-3 Form
2. ID : .....................................................................
3. Program : .....................................................................
4. Home Address : .....................................................................
Semarang,
On behalf of Dean
Head of Dept. of Chemical Engineering
95
PK-4 Form
LOG BOOK
Industrial Training
NAME : ........................................................................
ID : ........................................................................
Industry : ........................................................................
Date start guidance : ........................................................................
Supervisor : ........................................................................
Sign
No. Date Description Studen Supervis Annotation
t or
Semarang,:
Supervisor,
_____________________
ID.
96
FRAMEWORK OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING PROPOSAL
Title Page
Endorsement Page
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 TIU
1.3 TIK
References
Appendix
97
Industrial Training Proposal cover format
By:
(Name of Student)
ID. ..............................................
98
Endorsement Page
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING PROPOSAL
DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Name :
ID :
Industry :
Semarang,
Supervisor
____________________
ID.
99
FRAMEWORK OF THE INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT
Title Page
Endorsement Page
Preface
Contents
Table of contents
List of pictures
Abstract
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 The background of factory building
1.2 Location of factory
1.3 Raw material and products
1.4 Structure of organization
CHAPTER 2 DISCRIPTION OF PROCESS
2.1 Concepts of process
2.2 Design structure for process
2.3 Description of process
CHAPTER 3 SPECIFICATION OF TOOLS
3.1 Main Equipment
3.2 Proponent Equipment
CHAPTER 4 UTILITY
4.1 Water Supply
4.2 Steam Supply
4.3 Electricity Supply
4.4 Compressed Air Supply
4.5 Waste Treatment
CHAPTER 5 LABORATORY
5.1 The Work Program of Laboratory
5.2 The main equipment in the laboratory
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
100
Industrial Training Report cover format
by:
(Student name)
ID. ..............................................
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY
SEMARANG
2013
101
Endorsement Page
DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Name :
ID :
Industry :
Semarang,
Supervisor
____________________
ID.
102
FRAMEWORK OF THE SPECIAL ASSIGNMENT REPORT
Title Page
Endorsement Page
Preface
Content
Abstract
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 Problem Definition
1.3 Purpose
1.4 Benefit
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
(Content a relevant basic theory with the problems)
CHAPTER 3 PROBLEM SOLVING
3.1 Technical data
3.2 Data processing
CHAPTER 4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Result
4.2 Discussion
CHAPTER 5 CLOSING
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
103
Special Assignment Report Cover Format
By:
(Student Name)
ID. ..............................................
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF THE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY
SEMARANG
2013
104
Endorsement Page
DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF THE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Name :
ID :
Title :
Semarang,
Supervisor
____________________
ID.
105
PK-5 Form
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING ASESSMENT
Name : .................................................................
NIM : .................................................................
Industry : .................................................................
Special Assignment Title : .................................................................
Semarang, ……………………….
Academic Supervisor,
_______________________
NIP.
106
5.3 TKK 357: RESEARCH PROPOSAL (1 SKS)
REQUIREMENT
1. The students have been through the entire lab and the students have
taken a Methodology of Research.
2. The students has obtained at least 100 credit hours
3. The students have been registered in KRS.
PROCEDURE
1. Register to the Coordinator of the Final Assignment by showing the
KRS.
2. The Research Coordinator makes a letter of the appointment of lectures
(form PP-1).
3. The student and the lecturer determine a title and research problem.
4. The student report to the Coordinator of the Final Assignment if there‟s
no duplication.
5. The student establishes a research proposal.
6. The student makes a presentation for the seminar of the research
proposal.
PROVISION
1. Preparation of the research proposal for 1 semester, started by filling
the KRS (Study Plan Card)
2. If the preparation of the research proposal is more than 1 semester,
the research proposal will be included in the next KRS.
107
SUPERVISING GUIDELINE
1. The Supervisor gives a direction in the determination of the title and
research problem.
2. The Supervisor has to give a direction in making the proposal and the
presentation of the research proposal.
ASSESSMENT GUIDELINE
The assessment of the research proposal consists of 2 components:
1. The Surveyor and the Examiner of the research proposal will value all
the points of the valuation (PP-3 Form).
2. The Portion value of the Surveyor is 70% and the Examiner is 30%.
108
FRAMEWORK OF THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Title Page
Endorsement Page
Summary
Preface
Table of Contents
List of Tables*
List of Figures*
List of Appendices
BAB 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 Problem definition
1.3 Purpose of the Research
BAB 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
BAB 3 RESEARCH METHODS
The Experimental Design
Materials and Equipment
The sequence of tools figure
Procedure
BAB 4 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
* If needed
==============================================
=====
EXPLANATION:
Acknowledgements
Acknowledgement contains a brief description about the purpose of the
research and the expression of the thankful.
Summary
Summary contain a brief description about background, problems,
purpose, research method, result, and when the research begin.
Background
Background contain an explanations about why the problem looks
interest, important, and needs to be examined.
Problem definition
Problem definition contains an explanation about the problem that will
be examined. This part is needed to explain about the approach and
concept to answer the problem that will be examined, and to answer
the hypothesis that will be examined or a suggestion that will be
proven.
109
The Purpose of the Research
The purpose of the research contains a brief statement about the
purpose of the research that will be reached.
Literature Review
The Literature review contains some studies that create an idea and
underlie a basic in a research. The literature review explains theory,
discovery and another material of the research that we can get from
reference, which it is a basic to do an experiment. The content of the
literature review can be a basis to establish a framework or concept
that will be used in experiment. The point of the Literature review is in
the Reference. Literature review should contain a new literature,
relevant, and original from the scientific journal, book, papers, etc.
The Method of the research
The method of the research contains the description about the method
that will be used in the research. That description is included by
variable in the research, the model, research design, data collection
technique, and data analysis, the way of interpretation and the
conclusion of the research. The research that used the qualitative
method, can be explained with an approach, a process to collect and
analysis information, process of interpretation and the conclusion of the
research.
Implementation Schedule
The Implementation schedule includes a preparation activity,
implementation and preparation of research report in the form of bar-
chart. The point of the Implementation schedule is in the method of the
research.
References
References contain a literature that referred by the presentation of the
research proposal and arranged down in the last name the writer
alphabetically. All writers have to show their name (there‟s no et al.).
Appendices
The Appendices contain:
- Processing of data
- Analysis procedures
110
Cover format
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
By :
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY
SEMARANG
2013
111
Endorsement Page
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
N a m e /ID :
N a m e /ID :
Title :
Semarang,
Supervisor
__________________
ID.
112
PP-1 form
Dear
______________________
Research Supervisor
Department of Chemical Engineering
Diponegoro University
Semarang
Semarang,
Research Coordinator
___________________
ID.
113
WILLINGNESS TO GUIDE A RESEARCH PROPOSAL
.................................................................................................
Semarang,
__________________
ID.
*) strikeout unnecessary
This sheet is returned on Research Coordinator
114
PP-2 Form
CONSULTATION SHEET
Research Proposal
NAME : ...................................................................
NIM : ...................................................................
Title of research : ...................................................................
Start date : ...................................................................
Supervisor : ...................................................................
sign
Annotati
No. Date Consultation Studen Lecture on
t r
Declared finished
Date:
Supervisor,
______________________
ID.
115
PP-3 Form
Name : ...........................................................
ID : ...........................................................
Title : ...........................................................
Semarang, ...........................
Examiner
_________________________
ID.
116
5.4 TKM21236: RESEARCH (2 SKS)
OVERVIEW
Research is intended to provide experience to students to undertake
a series of activities / experiments in order to answer the problems
associated with chemical engineering, based on scientific principles and
research methodology. The activity is initiated from problem identification,
problem definition, hypotheses, designing experiments, methods,
analyzes, to conclusions. The type of research done in accordance with the
field of chemical engineering is experimental research, which can be
classified in the field of fundamental research as well as applied research.
According to the area concerned, the method of analysis or data
processing can be performed descriptively, statistically, and modeling.
Some things are expected from research in Department of Chemical
Engineering are:
- The topic is up to date,
- The results of the research may be published on the seminars and
journals, both national and international,
- The research is an ongoing process,
- It is the work of student researchers and supervisor lecturers,
- Train students to think creatively, systemic, analysis, and synthesis as
a basis of further studies.
PREREQUISITE
1. Passed the Proposal Research.
2. Registered in KRS
PROCEDURE
1. Conducting experiments in the laboratory according research proposal.
2. Reporting experimental results to the Supervisor in the form of journal
(form TP-1).
3. Preparing a written report.
REQUIREMENT
1. The timing of Research is 1 semester.
2. If the time of Research exceeds 1 semester then Research is
continued at the next semester and registered in KRS.
3. Research is conducted at the Laboratory in the Department of
Chemical Engineering.
SUPERVISING GUIDELINE
1. Supervisor shall supervise the implementation of the research.
2. Supervisor shall direct at the time of data analysis, discussion, and
conclusion.
3. Observation data to be signed by the Laboratory Assistant daily /
weekly (form TP-1).
EXAMINATION GUIDELINE
1. Examinations held in the spesific period and was adjusted to the
academic calender.
2. Students, who have completed research assignment, eligible to take
the exam.
3. Students are required to write a paper that will be presented in front
the examiner and the other examinees.
4. Writing a paper :
Basically, contents of paper does not vary much to research report.
The difference lies in the format. Paper does not require the
118
introduction and summary, but it requires abstract. The number of
pages of paper are less than the research report.
5. Before the exam, students must fulfill the administrative
requirements, such as :
a. Paper that have been signed by supervisor (4 exp)
b. College transcript
6. After completing the administrative requirements, Research
Coordinator establish the examiner.
7. The exam guided by Supervisor and attended at least one other
examiner and ten students
8. Allocation of time, 20 minutes for presentation and 10 minutes for
question and answer.
9. Students required to wear a white long sleeve shirt, tie, and black
skirt/pants.
10. Minutes and scores of examination submitted to the Research
Coordinator
11. Students can be declared to have passed Industrial Examination
when the average scores of supervisors and the examiners greater
than or equal to 60.
SYSTEMATICS PAPERS
1. Tittle : capital letters
2. Abstract : consisting 75 – 250 words
3. Introduction
4. Experiment
5. Result and discussion
6. Conclusions
7. Acknowledgments
8. References
ASSESSMENT GUIDELINE
Assessment of Final Assignment/Thesis consists of two components:
1. Supervisor and Examiners of Thesis assess all assessment points.
2. Portion of Supervisor 70% while Examiner 30%.
119
THE FRAMEWORK OF RESEARCH REPORT
Title Page
Endorsement page
Summary
Foreword
List of Content
List of Table*
List of Figure*
List of Appendix*
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 Problem Definition
1.3 Objectives
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 Experimental Design
3.2 Material and Equipment
3.3 Procedure
CHAPTER 4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION (AND RECOMMENDATION*)
Reference
Appendices:
- Reserach data
- Processing data
- Supporting data
- Analysis procedures
* If needed
==============================================
=====
EXPLANATION:
Introduction to Chapter 3
Explanation same as those in the Research Proposal
120
Conclusion and Recommendation
Conclusion and recommendation should be stated separately.
Conclusion is a brief statement to answer the problem based on the
result and discussion. Recommendation is made based on experience
and consideration of writer, addressed to other researchers, who
want to continue or develop the research. Recommendation is not a
necessity.
Reference
The literature contains only the libraries referenced in the
presentation of research and compiled down alphabetically by author
last name first.
Journals : author‟s name, tittle of book, name of the journal with the
official abbreviation, year, and the reference page
Example :
- Patil, S.F., Borhade, A.V. and Nath. M., Diffusivity of some
Zinc and Cobalt Salts in Water, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1993,
vol. 38, hal. 547-551.
121
Cover Format
RESEARCH REPORT
By :
Student‟s Name ID. ..................
Student‟s Name ID ..................
122
ENDORSEMENT PAGE
RESEARCH REPORT
Name/ID :
Name/ID :
Title :
Approved,
Supervisor
_____________________
NIP.
_____________________
NIP.
Approved,
Vice Dean I Faculty of Engineering
123
TP-1 Form
LOGBOOK
Sign of
No Observatio Laborato
Date Time Activity Description
. n Result ry
Assistant
TP-2 Form
ASSESSMENT FORM
SUPERVISION OF RESEARCH REPORT
Name : ...............................................................................
NIM : ...............................................................................
Title : ...............................................................................
........................................................................................................
Semarang, ...........................
Supervisor
_________________________
ID.
TP-3 Form
ASSESSMENT FORM
EXAMINATION OF RESEARCH REPORT
Name : ...............................................................................
NIM : ...............................................................................
Title : ...............................................................................
.......................................................................................................
Max.
Assessment Assessment Components Grade
Grade
Title 2.5
Background, Objectives, and
5.0
Benefits
Substance of
Literature Review 10.0
Report
Methodology 7.5
(40%)
Concept of Discussion 7.5
Relation of Title, Objectives,
2.5
and Conclusion
References 5.0
Presentation 15.0
Seminar
Subject Mastery 30.0
(60 %)
Ability to suggest / argue 15.0
Total 100
Semarang, ...........................
Examiner
_________________________
ID.
APPENDIX
AIS OVERVIEW
Academic Information System (AIS) is an application designed and
built to process data related to academic administration. AIS meets the
needs of the parties relating to the academic process at all levels. AIS is
an academic information system that integrated to the entire Faculty of
Engineering, University of Diponegoro (students, faculty, and department
managers).
AIS is made to be accessible by multiple levels of users. Each user
will get a limited menu in accordance with access rights. Students as one
of the users have access rights to run applications that relate to students,
such as information on class schedules, course, CPC, exam results, and
student transcripts. The menu is also provided facilities for the students fill
out the on-line CPC.
Then select the above courses (Figure A.4) and click the Add to the list
button.
Set class status (if any).
To cancel, click the cancel button at the lower side.
Once all filled, save by clicking the Save changes button.
Figure A.5 The lower side of CPC filling
Hopefully, you fill out your data on the entry menu | Entry title of
thesis and other data. On this submenu students can fill out their
personal data included parents. To store entry data, the save button is
pressed and will automatically return to the main menu. If you want
entry data is not stored, then the cancel button is pressed, and the
display will also return to the main menu. Both buttons are located
above and below have the same function.
On the Information menu, student can see the necessary information and
contact with other students.
B PROCEDURE FOR WRITING
REPORTS
LANGUAGE
For International Undergraduate Program (IUP), the reports must be
written in English. For non IUP, the reports is written in Indonesian.
If use foreign terms, then the term should be italicized.
TYPING
Font:
- Text : Times New Roman 12 point
- Chapter title : Times New Roman 16 point, capital, bold
- Subchapter title : Times New Roman 12 point, capital, bold
Line spacing:
- Text : 1.5 space
- Summary : 1 space
- Tabel/figure title : 1 space
- Chapter title and text : 3 space
- Move subchapter : 2 space
Margins:
- Top : 3 cm; bottom : 2 cm; left : 3 cm; right : 2 cm;
- New paragraph is started 1 cm from the left margin.
No header/footer.
The letter that represents a quantity should be printed in italics.
Number, symbol, or chemical formula that begins a sentence should be
spelled, e.g.: Ten kilograms .............
PAGE NUMBERING
The initial report, from the title page to the summary page, is
numbered with small Roman numerals.
The main part, from Chapter I to the end, is numbered with Arabic
numerals.
TABLE
Table is placed in the middle of text.
There is no vertical lines separating columns.
There is no horizontal lines separating rows except on the column
headings and the bottom of tables.
Table title is placed above the table with centered mode and numbered
in order including the chapter number.
If necessary, place footnote at the bottom of the table and write as
superscript with lowercase letters.
Example:
FIGURE
Figure is placed in the middle of text.
Figure title is placed under the figure centered mode and numbered in
order including the chapter number.
EQUATION
Chemical reaction and mathematical equation are placed 1 cm from left
margin.
Chemical reaction and mathematical equation are numbered including
the chapter number written in parenthesis and placed on the right
edge.
Example:
A+BC+D (2.10)
RT
P (2.11)
V
REFERENCES
Citation in the text
o Any reference cited in the report should appear in the References,
and vice versa.
o References in the form of research result that have not been
published and personal communications must be written by
replacing the date of issue with “unpublished result”, or “personal
communication”, or “in press”.
Feferences from web
o The full URL should be listed along with the date of access.
o More information, if known (DOI / Digital Object Identifier, the
name of the author, date, etc.) should be included.
Writing method
o In text
All citations in the text must follow the rules:
- Single author : name
of author and followed by publication year.
Example: ”..........as reported (West, 2008).”
- Two authors : names of two authors and followed by publication
year. Example: ”.......... as reported (Sudirman
and West, 2008).”
- Three or more authors: name
of first author followed by ”et al.” and publication
year. Example: ”.......... as reported (Sudirman et
al., 2008).”
- The reference group should be sorted alphabetically, then
chronologically. Example: ”.......... as reported
(West, 2007a, 2007b, 2008; Allan and Jones,
2002; Warsito et al., 2003).”
o In references
References should be sorted alphabetically, then chronologically if
necessary. If more than one reference written by the author and
published in the same year, the reference must be marked "a", "b",
"c", etc. placed behind the year of issue.
Example:
- References of publication in journal
Van der Geer, J., Hanraads, J.A.J., Lupton, R.A., 2000. The art of
writing a scientific article. Journal of Scientific Communication
163, 51-59.
- References of book
Strunk Jr., W., White, E.B., 1979. The Elements of Style, third
ed. Macmillan, New York.
- References of a chapter in a book
Mettam, G.R., Adams, L.B., 1999. How to prepare an electronic
version of your article, in: Jones, B.S., Smith , R.Z. (Eds.),
Introduction to the Electronic Age. E-Publishing Inc., New York,
pp. 281-304.
- References of patent
Baniel, A.M., Eyal, A.M., 1993. Concurrent Production of Citric
Acid and Alkali Citrate, U.S. Patent No. 5,321,225.
- References of thesis/dissertation
Tung, L.A., 1993. Recovery of Carboxylic Acids at pH Greater
than Pka, PhD. Thesis, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University
of California, pp. 57-61.
C PROCEDURE FOR WRITING
ARTICLE
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
The article was written without page numbers and structured by the
sequence of topics: Introduction, Research Methods (or Model
Development), Results and Discussion, Conclusions, Acknowledgments (if
any), List Notation (if any) and References. Abstract is written in 2 (two)
languages, namely Indonesian and English.
WRITING INSTRUCTIONS
Way of articles writing following report writing.