MATHEMATICS 11

BASIC CALCULUS – STEM

THIRD QUARTER – WEEK 4

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 LESSON EXEMPLAR IN MATHEMATICS 11
THIRD QUARTER – WEEK 4

I. Learning Competency:
Illustrate the tangent line to the graph of a function at a given point
(MELC Code #14 STEM_BC11D-IIIe-1)

II. Content Standard: Basic Concepts of Derivatives

III. Subject Matter:

Topic: The Derivative as the Slope of the Tangent Line
Reference/s:
Licuanan, P. et al (2016). Teaching guide for senior high school: Basic calculus.
Commission on Higher Education, pp. 90 – 107.
Meracado, J. & Orines, F. (2016). Next century mathematics: Basic calculus. Phoenix
Publishing House, Inc. pp. 2-15.
Materials: Books, eBook, activity sheets

IV. Pedagogy/Strategy: Explicit Instruction

Description: Modelling Steps - I do
- We do
- You do

V. Learning Activities (Day 1)

A. PRE- TEST

Hi! Good day! I’m Teacher Pede, your teacher

for today. I guess it’s time for us to learn something
new. It’s all about Basic Concepts of Derivatives
particularly on how to illustrate the tangent line to
the graph of a function at a given point. But before
that, you need to answer these few items for our pre-
test. Don’t worry if you find some of the questions
difficult. Just try your best, okay?

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DIRECTIONS: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of your answer on
the space before the number.

______ 1. How many point/s do the tangent line intersect the graph by
illustrating?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four

______ 2. What is the derivative of y = x2 – 5x + 8 when we illustrate using the

Tangent line?
A. dy/dx = 2x – 5
B. dy/dx = 2x + 8
C. dy/dx = 2x + 5
D. dy/dx = 2x – 8

______ 3. What is the slope of the curve by illustrating the tangent line to the
graph of a function at a given point: y=3x2 – 5x (2, 4)?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 7

______4. What is the slope by illustrating the tangent line to the graph of a function
at a given point: y=x3 – 4x + 6 at (1, 3)?
A.
B. -1
C. -3
D. 3
______ 5. Base on the function, write the
F(x) = 4 + 2x – x2 at (2, 4) equation through illustrating the
tangent line to the graph of a function
at a given point.

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B. CONCEPTS

Hi! As I’ve said, we will be learning about Basic Concepts of

Derivatives. Today, we will focus our discussion on how to illustrate the
tangent line to the graph of a function at a given point. Are you ready?
Look at the figures below.

The Tangent line to the graph of f at (x0, f(x0))

The tangent line to a graph is a line intersecting the graph at exactly
one point. It is found by constructing the line, through a point that is
perpendicular to the segment.

Tangent Line

Wow! So by illustrating, a tangent line to a graph is a line

intersecting the graph at exactly one point. It is found by constructing
the line, through a point that is perpendicular to the segment.

What if the line intersects at two points?

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The line that intersects at two point is called secant line.

Ok sir!
Sir, what do you mean by

Well, m means the slope of the derivatives dy/dx.

Remember that x = x0.

means the original function.

means the function will add delta x.

For example, f(x) = 3x

To illustrate, f(x + Δx) = 3(x + Δx).

Sir, can you give an example?

Yes, of course! Let’s now have Example #1.

Ok! Thank you, sir!

So, the slope of the tangent line to the graph of g(x) = x2 + 2 at x =2 is 4.
Wow!

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Yeah, sure! Let’s now have Example #2.

∴Tangent Line: y−1 = −(x−1)

mTL = −1, so the slope of the normal line is 1.
∴Normal Line: y−1 = (x−1)

Ok Sir, can I apply the derivative using the definition of derivative or

slope m or dy/dx?
Please give me another example.

Yes, sure! Let’s have Example #3.

Find the derivatives of y = 4x2 + 15.
Solution:
Step 1. y+Δy = 4(x + Δx)2 + 15
y+Δy = 4[x2 + 2xΔx + (Δx)2]+ 15
y+Δy = 4x2 + 8xΔx + 4(Δx)2+ 15
Step 2. y = 4x2 + 15
2
Δy 8 xΔx+4 (Δx)
Step 3. =
Δx Δx
Δy
= 8x + 4Δx
Δx
dy Δ y lim (8 x +4 Δx) dy
Step 4. = lim = = 8x
dx Δx → 0 Δ x Δx → 0 dx
Yes, sir!

Example #4.
Find the derivative of y = x2 – 5x + 8.
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 Ok, here is my solution sir:
Step 1. y+Δy = (x + Δx)2 - 5(x + Δx) + 8
y+Δy = x2 + 2xΔx + (Δx)2 – 5x - 5Δx + 8
Step 2. y = x2 - 5x +8
2
Δy 2 xΔx+ ( Δx ) −5 Δx
Step 3. =
Δx Δx

Δy
= 2x + Δx – 5
Δx
dy Δ y lim (2 x+ Δx – 5)
Step 4. = lim =
dx Δx → 0 Δ x Δx → 0

Good Job! You are a fast learner!

C. GUIDED/PRACTICE ACTIVITIES

Hello there! Aren’t you happy you learned so much about

derivatives? Now, it’s time to apply what you have learned with
these fun and exciting activities with me.

Activity 1. Fill in the blanks. Use the words inside the box.

Tangent Line Equation Derivative

Secant Line Point Slope

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 _______________1. What do you call a line that intersects the graph at exactly one point.
________________2. What do you call this illustration: (2, 4)?
________________3. What do you call this illustration: y = 4x – 5?
_______________4. What do you call this illustration: dy/dx?
_______________5. What do you this illustration: m?
Activity 2. Solve the derivatives of the given functions. Encircle your
answer and let’s see if you got it correctly.
You can also go interactive, just open the link below.
https://create.kahoot.it/kahoots/my-kahoots

1. What is the derivative of f(x) = x2 – 8x + 12 when you illustrate using tangent?

dy/dx=2x+8 dy/dx=2x – 8 dy/dx = 2x +12 dy/dx=2x - 12

2. What is the derivative of y = 2x2 + 5x – 10

dy/dx=2x + 5 dy/dx=4x+5 dy/dx = 2x - 10 dy/dx=4x-10

3. What is the slope when you illustrate tangent line to the graph of the function
y=x3 – 4x + 6 at (2, 3)?

-6 6 8 -8

4. What is the slope when you illustrate tangent line to the graph of the equation
y = 2x2 – 3x + 5 at (2, 4)
a. 5 3 2 1
5. What is the slope when you illustrate tangent line to the graph of the equation
y = 4 + 2x – x2 at (2, 4)

-4 -3 -2 -1

Activity 3. Make Me Complete (Complete the steps on finding the derivatives).

1) Given: y = 3x2 + 4x – 10
Step 1. y+Δy = 3(__________)2 + 4(_________) – 10
y+Δy = _________________________________________________
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Step 2. y = ____________________________________________________
Δy ¿¿
Step 3. = ¿
Δx Δx
Day 2
D. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE ACTIVITY

After those fun- filled learning exercises, it’s

time for you to answer these activities by yourself.
Come on, I know you can do it.

DIRECTION: Underline the correct derivative inside the parenthesis.

Activity 1:
1) In illustrating, compute the derivative of y = 7x – 7. (7, - 7)
Activity 2:
2) In illustrating, compute the derivative of y = 4x2 – 8x + 12. (8x – 8, 8x + 8).

Activity 3:
3) The slope of the tangent line to the graph of f(x) = 3x2 – 4x + 10 at (1, 2) is
(-2, 2).

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4) The slope of the tangent line to the graph of y = 5x2 + 10x + 3 at (2, -2) is
(30, -10).
5) The slope of the tangent line to the graph of y = 3x3 - 4x + 4) at (1,2) is
(5, 10).

E. INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY SHEET

Here is another activity for you to do. This will

surely sharpen your mind. Think positive and make
yourself proud. Good luck!

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DIRECTIONS: Find the equations given the derivatives. Encircle the letter of your
answer.
1. Which of the illustrative equations that will give a derivative of 10?

A. y = 10x – 20 C. y = 2x5 – 10

B. y = x10 – 5 D. y= 5x2 – 5

2. Which of the illustrative equations that will give a derivative of 2x – 10?

A. y = 2x2 – 10x C. y = x2 - 10x

B. y = x2 + 10x D. y = 10x – 2x2

3. Which of the illustrative equations that will give a slope 10 of the tangent line to its
graph?

A. y = 2x2–2x at(2,3) C. y = 3x2–2x at(1,3)

B. y= 2x2 +2x at(2,3) D. y = 3x2 + 2x at(1,3)

4. Which of the illustrative equations that will give a slope 5 of the tangent line to its
graph?

A. y = 4x2 – 5x at (3, 1) C. y = 2x2 - 2x at (3,1)

B. y = 3x2 – 5x at (3,1) D. y = x2 – x at (3, 1)

5. Which of the illustrative equations that will give a slope 3 of the tangent line to its
graph?

A. y = 4x2 - 5x at (1,2) C. y = 5x2 -6x at (1,2)

B. y=2x2 -3x at (1,2) D. y = 3x2 – 4x at (1,2)

VI- EVALUATION ACTIVITY SHEET

Hi there! I’m sure you are still feeling great.

After so many activities, you are now ready to find the
derivative and the slope of the tangent line to the graph
of the given function. Come on, you can do it! 11
DIRECTIONS: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of your answer on
the space before the number.

______ 1. How many point/s do the tangent line intersect the graph by
illustrating?
A. Four
B. Three
C. Two
D. One

______ 2. What is the derivative of y = x2 – 5x + 8 when we illustrate using the

Tangent line?
A. dy/dx = 2x +8
B. dy/dx = 2x - 5
C. dy/dx = 2x + 5
D. dy/dx = 2x – 8

______ 3. What is the slope of the curve by illustrating the tangent line to the
graph of a function at a given point: y=3x2 – 5x (2, 4)?
A. 8
B. 7
C. 6
D. 5

______4. What is the slope by illustrating the tangent line to the graph of a function
at a given point: y=x3 – 4x + 6 at (1, 3)?
A.
B. -1
C. -3
D. 3
______5. What is the equation when we illustrate the slope of the tangent line to
the graph of the function defined by F(x) = 4 + 2x – x2 at (2, 4)?
A. y=-2x - 8
B. y= 2x – 8
C. y=-2x+8
D. y=2x+8
VII- ENRICHMENT ACTIVITIES

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 Congratulations! You‘ve come a long way.
Now, it’s time for an exciting game. Try your luck and
enjoy learning!

ACTIVITY 1.
DIRECTIONS: With a dice , let’s play by answering the
questions on the Adverb of Manner board game. Use the dice 3 times.
Write your answers below.
(Note : If you don’t have a dice , you can use roll of papers with numbers 1 up
to 6)
SOLVING THE
DERIVATIVES
1 4
What is the derivative of What is the derivative of
y =7x2+10? y =2x2+12x – 15?
‘ 2 5
What is the derivative of What is the derivative of
y =4x2+10x -3? y =7x2+10 – 3?

3 6
What is the derivative of What is the derivative of
y =10x2-5x + 7? y =7x2+ 8x – 13?

Write the number of the dice and the answer on the blanks.
#_____)_________________________________________________________________________
#_____)_________________________________________________________________________
#_____)_______________________________________________________________________
ACTIVITY 2. (Research Integration)
DIRECTIONS : Do some research. Give at least 3 importance of studying
Derivatives.
1.________________________________________________________
2.________________________________________________________
3.________________________________________________________

Rubrics
Criteria 5 points 4 points 3 point

Work is entirely correct Work is somewhat correct Work is significantly

or has only minor flaws, but has flaws that incorrect, or work is
such as rounding errors compromise the overall mostly correct but based
Correctness or other minor errors that integrity of the work. on a significant
do not undermine the misunderstanding of the
integrity of the solution. problem.

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 Solution is easy to It is possible to Solution is hard to
understand, and the flow understand the solution understand. The argument
is easy to follow. but with more effort than presented is disjointed.
Clearness Justifications are provided one would like. Justifications are
where appropriate Justifications are significantly lacking.
somewhat lacking.

Complete and concise Solution is complete and Solution is mostly Solution is less than 75%
concise. complete (at least 75%) complete. Solution is not
and reasonably concise. especially concise.

REFERENCES:
Meracado, J. & Orines, F. (2016). Next Century Mathematics - Basic Calculus. Published and
distributed by Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. pp. 2-44.
Licuanan, P. et al (2016). Teaching Guide For Senior High School - Basic Calculus. Published by
the Commission on Higher Education, pp. 90 – 107.

Answer Keys
BASIC CALCULUS:
A. Pretest
1. A
2. A
3. D
4. B
5. Y=-2x + 8

C. Guided/Practice Activities
Activity 1:
1. Tangent Line
2. Point
3. Equation
4. Derivative
5. Slope
Activity 2:
1. dy/dx=2x – 8
2. dy/dx=4x+5
3. 8
4. 5
5. -2
Activity 3:

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 Follow the steps in getting the derivatives.

D. Independent Practice Activity

1. 7
2. 8x – 8
3. 2
4. 30
5. 5
E. Independent Assessment Activity Sheet
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. D
5. A
Evaluation
1. D
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. C
Enrichment Activity
(The learners can choose at least three numbers only).
1. 14x
2. 8x + 10
3. 20x – 5
4. 4x + 12
5. 14x + 8

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