MIC

Digital TV Broadcasting in Japan

12th. Mar. 2008

Koji TODA
Broadcasting Technology Division,
Ministry of Internal Affairs and
Communications Japan
 Today’s Topics MIC

➢ Digitization of Terrestrial TV broadcasting.

➢ Advanced Features of Japans’ Digital Terrestrial TV

Broadcasting System (named ISDB-T).

➢ Implementing Schemes for Expanding Digital Terrestrial TV

in Japan.

➢ Special Advantages of Japan’s System for Mobile Reception.

➢Summaries.

1
 MIC

Digitization of Terrestrial
TV broadcasting
 Need for digitization of Terrestrial TV Broadcasting １ MIC

1. High information capacity broadcasting

・・・・

Multi-channel SDTV

Analog TV

HDTV

3
 Need for digitization of Terrestrial TV Broadcasting ２ MIC

2. Robustness

Analog TV Digital TV

Ghost and Noise High quality image and sound

4
 Need for digitization of Terrestrial TV Broadcasting ３ MIC

3. High functionality
Interactive TV,
Data Broadcasting
e.g. interactive shopping

Weather forecast

News

Information linked You can see the products

to on-air program
and you can buy them directly.
5
 Need for digitization of Terrestrial TV Broadcasting ４ MIC

4. Efficient use of radio frequencies

Frequency（UHF）
600 606 612 618 624 630 636(MHz)

Analog TV CH １ CH ２ CH ３

Digital TV CH １ CH ２ CH ３

Another system can use this bandwidth.

6
 Need for digitization of Terrestrial TV Broadcasting ５ MIC

5. Affinities with other ICTs

Camera Mobile phone

TV

PDA
Personal computer
Recorder

All other ICT products are digitized. 7

 MIC

Advanced Features of Japans’ Digital

Terrestrial TV Broadcasting
System (named ISDB-T)
 ISDB-T is a Suitable System for Next Generation Broadcasting
MIC
HDTV, Mobile Reception, and Data (Multimedia) Broadcasting are necessary for Next
Generation Broadcasting.

For Large-screen Television

Broadcaster Sports High-Definition Image

High-Quality Sound

Multiplexing to One Channel

News
HDTV Mobile HDTV At home
Disasters
12 Segments 1 Segment
Compressed Compressed
by by Anytime In the bus
MPEG2 H.264
Anywhere

While In the train

Original Image walking
For Portable Terminals
9
 Features of ISDB-T MIC

HDTV Multi-Channel Service Interactive TV

High quality image Realization of multi-SDTV program Communication linked

and sound service service on 1ch bandwidth (6MHz) services with TV

High quality image Data Broadcasting Mobile Reception

High Robustness to Simple retrieval of program and TV service to In-car DTTB

ghost image interference information at any time Receiver and cell-phone
10
 Technical Features of ISDB-T ① & ②MIC
①Robustness to Radio Interference by Multi Path. OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex
Because of OFDM system is adopted .
Reflected Wave

Frequency
Direct Wave
Ordinary system

Frequency

Stability of reception for mobile HDTV reception !

②Frequency and Time Interleaving
TV Station Transmission Path Receivers

11
 [Reference]
Comparison of Interleaving and No-Interleaving MIC

TV Station Transmission Path Receivers

No-Interleaving

Errors occur as a result Difficult to correct continuous errors.

of radio interference

Original date

Interleaving

Sort data in accordance with set rules Errors occur as a result Reconstruction of data Dispersed errors
of radio interference can be corrected.

12
 Technical Features of ISDB-T ③ MIC
③Guard Interval

X station Reception Point Y station

Broadcast wave from X station (Required)

Broadcast wave from Y station (Not required) Delay at Reception Point Time

Time
Reception Time
Same Time
: Digital Data such as Video and Audio
Realization of Single Frequency Network : Guard Interval
Effective Utilization of Radio Frequency
Over 10,000 stations can be set up using 40 Ch in Japan
Reference
A Ch A Ch Multi Frequency Network
A Ch B Ch C Ch
A Ch

X station
X station Z station Z station

Y station

Y station
13
 Technical Features of ISDB-T ④ MIC
④Segmented Frequency
1 TV channel

Frequency

Ex.1 One HDTV and Mobile Reception.

1 TV channel

Frequency

・・・・

8 programs or less Ex.2 3 SDTV and Mobile Reception.

The segmented frequency structure is unique system of ISDB-T. 14

 Comparison of Three DTTB Systems MIC
System Japan EU U.S.
Features (ISDB-T) (DVB-T) (ATSC)
6MHz 7 or 8MHz 6MHz
bandwidth
Transmission system
bandwidth bandwidth
For mobile reception

Frequency
For fixed reception
It is possible to designate the Improved system based on
modulation system of the analog TV broadcasting
segment group unit according
system.
to the service purpose.

HDTV reception impossible

possible impossible
while moving (only SDTV)

Portable reception
using the same possible impossible impossible
system as fixed
reception

Emergency Warning possible impossible impossible

Broadcasting System
15
 The Result of Comparison Test Carried out in Peru
MIC

This table shows that ISDB-T is only system enables to watch TV in place
where radio wave is weak such as fringe of service area or behind buildings.

Measurement Distance & Reception Surroundings

Place
22 km, weak field strength, Middle traffic
Behind mountains,
Reflection & diffraction

System ISDB-T DVB-T ATSC

Yagi antenna 5 3+ 2+
Impulse noise 5 1 1
Vehicle noise 5 1 1

16
 The Result of Comparison Test Carried out in Peru in Chile
MIC
In the case of ISDB-T, the ratio of the points having value of “5” within 12 km of the
transmitter is more than 70%, but the other two systems do not have this ratio of 70%
even within 3km of the transmitter.
This fact shows that ISDB-T is definitely superior to the other two systems as a terrestrial
digital broadcasting system.

(“5”means “Excellent Performance”)

17
 MIC

Implementing Schemes for

Expanding DTTB in Japan
 Schedule for Digitalization of Broadcasting in Japan MIC
1950-70s 1980s 1990s 2000-2003 2004-2010 2011

Digital Terrestrial Television

▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
1953 1960 2003 2006 July 24, 2011
Started black- Started color Started digital TV Start digital broadcasting
and-white TV TV broadcasting broadcasting nationwide Completion of
broadcasting in three metropolitan Relay station will be Digitalization !!
areas (Key Stations) established sequentially
Termination of
Broadcasters: analog broadcasting
NHK (General, Education),
The University of the Air Foundation,
127 commercial broadcasters
Subscribers:
All households (48 million households)

Satellite Broadcasting
▲ ▲ ▲
1996 2000 2011
Started CS digital Started BS digital Completion of
broadcasting broadcasting Digitalization
CATV

▲ ▲ ▲
1955 1998 2011
Started Started digital broadcasting Digital terrestrial broadcasting can be
broadcasting in some regions Received in all subscribed households

19
 Expansion Schedule for DTTB in Japan
MIC
already started by Dec. 2004
started in Jun. 2005
started in Dec. 2005
started in Oct. 2006
started in Dec. 2006
Over 40 million households (90%) have access to DTTB

20
 Diffusion of Digital Broadcasting Receivers MIC
Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting Access to Digital
Receiver Shipments Satellite Broadcasting
31,425,100 Jan. 2008 34,320,000
Source: Japan Electronics and Information Technology association (JEITA), Japan Cable Laboratory Jan. 2008 Source: NHK

Digital Satellite Broadcasting

(Unit: thousand)
① CRT 720 （± 0）
Receiver Shipments
15,876
② LCD （＋430）
32,830,000
③ PDP 2,623 （＋ 44）
CRT 1,860 （± 0）
④ Tuner 430 （＋ 9）
PDP & LCD 18,990 （＋470）
⑤ Digital Recorder 5,702 （＋211）
Tuner 6,910 （＋240）
⑥ Personal Computer 975 （＋ 37） (including Digital Recorder)

⑦ CATV STB 5,099 （＋118） CATV STB 5,070 （＋120）

(Unit: thousand)
35,000
*STB figures for 2004 are the statistical values for each quarter
Access to Digital Satellite
30,000
① Broadcasting using CATV
25,000
②
1,490,000 households
20,000

15,000 ③ One-Seg Mobile Phone Shipments

10,000
④
⑤ 20,473,000 Dec. 2007
5,000 ⑥ In-car DTTB Receiver Shipments
⑦
0
1,085,000 Jan. 2008
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Source: Japan Electronics and Information Technology association (JEITA)
21
 Distribution of LCD Price MIC
Price (U.S.$)
16,000
Sep 2007
14,000 Sep 2006
Sep 2005
12,000 Sep 2004

10,000

Prices are going down!

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Inch 22
Varied LCD Digital Receivers MIC

PHOTO TYPE PRICE URL

ORION 44,850 JPY http://www.orion-

LD15V-TD1 (≒388 U.S.$ ) electric.co.jp/jp/produc
(15-inch) ts/index.html

Victor-JVC 59,800 JPY http://www.jvc-

LT-20LC8-S (≒517 U.S.$ ) victor.co.jp/tv/lt-
(20-inch) 20lc8/index.html

TOSHIBA 135,800 JPY http://www.regza.jp/pr

37C3500 (≒1,175 U.S.$ ) oduct/tv/lineup/c3500/
(37-inch) concept.html

SHARP 225,800 JPY http://www.sharp.co.jp

LC-46GX2W (≒1,953 U.S.$ ) /aquos/lineup/gx2/inde
(46-inch) x.html

23
 Distribution of PDP Price MIC
Price (U.S.$)
20,000
Sep 2007
Sep 2006
Sep 2005
16,000 Sep 2004

12,000

Prices are going down!

8,000

4,000

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Inch 24
Varied PDP Digital Receivers MIC

PHOTO TYPE PRICE URL

HITACHI 123,900 JPY http://av.hitachi.co.jp/tv

P37-H01 (≒1,072 U.S.$ ) /plasma/01/index.html
(37-inch)

bydsign 239,800 JPY http://www.bydsign.jp/

PH-5000DFK (≒2,074 U.S.$ ) Form/Product/Product
(50-inch) Detail.aspx?shop=0&ca
t=101&swrd=&pid=PH
-5000DFK&vid=

Panasonic 719,800 JPY http://panasonic.jp/vier

TH-65PZ750SK (≒6,227 U.S.$ ) a/products/pz750/index
(65-inch) .html

25
 Change in Price of Major Flat Panel Displays (FPD) MIC

Launched digital terrestrial television

7,000
6,203 U.S.$ LCD 37-inch
6,000 PDP 42-inch
CRT 32-inch
5,000
5,743 U.S.$
Price (US$)

4,000

3,000
1,565 U.S.$
2,000

1,000
1,113 U.S.$
0
Dec. Mar. Sep. Mar. Sep. Mar. Sep. Mar. Sep.

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

26
 High-Performance Set Top Box MIC

PHOTO TYPE PRICE URL

Panasonic 45,800 JPY http://ctlg.panasonic.jp

TU-MHD600 (≒396 U.S.$ ) /product/info.do?pg=0
4&hb=TU-MHD600
SONY 42,987 JPY http://www.ecat.sony.c
VGF-DT1 (≒372 U.S.$ ) o.jp/vaio/acc/acc.cfm?
PD=26654
SHARP 28,489 JPY http://www.uniden.jp/s
TU-HD200 (≒246 U.S.$ ) upport/manualdl.html

MASPRO 27,842 JPY http://www.maspro.co.

DT400 (≒241 U.S.$ ) jp/new_prod/dt400/dt4
00.html

These products also correspond to BS and CS digital broadcasting services.

27
Low-Price Set Top Box MIC

PHOTO TYPE PRICE URL

AVOX 15,213 JPY http://www.c-

YDIT-10 (≒132 U.S.$ ) mex.co.jp/tuner.html

YAGI 16,097 JPY http://www.yagi-

DTC10 (≒139 U.S.$ ) antenna.co.jp/products/
home/tuner/index.html
MASPRO 17,444 JPY http://www.maspro.co.
DT610 (≒151 U.S.$ ) jp/products/dt610/toku
tyo.html
I-O DATA 19,300 JPY http://www.iodata.jp/pr
HVT-ST200 (≒167 U.S.$ ) od/multimedia/tuner/2
006/hvt-st200/

28
 Implementing Scheme for Expanding Digital TV
MIC
¾The National Council for Promotion of Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting
（Broadcasters and MIC）
- Studying challenges (both institutional and technical) involved in the transition to
digital television broadcasting

¾The National Conference for Promotion of Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting

（broadcasters, manufactures, electrical appliance shops, consumer
organizations, local governments, MIC, etc.）
- Updating/revising “Action Plan for Promotion of Digital Broadcasting,” describing
items to be implemented by its members and the schedule thereof
- Developing/updating and publicizing “Roadmap of Construction of Broadcasting
Stations” with the cooperation of the above mentioned Council
- Driving forward the activities for promoting digital broadcasting by announcing
December 1st as “Digital Broadcasting Day”

¾The Association for Promotion of Digital Broadcasting (Dpa)

（broadcasters, Manufactures, etc.）
- Publicizing broadcasting areas
- Responding to questions and inquiries from viewers
29
 Outline of Seventh Action Plan to Promote Digital Broadcasting MIC
○ All parties concerned work together based on this action plan. “National Conference on Promoting Terrestrial
Digital Broadcasting” (Established in May 2003) promotes this plan. The Conference finalized the “ Seventh
Action Plan for Promotion of Digital Broadcasting” on December 2006.

Specific efforts by concerned organizations

■Terrestrial TV Broadcasters
○Development of a road map for DTTB Stations.
① This road map indicates a schedule for the construction of as many DTTB stations as possible , including small scale stations.
This road map shows when access becomes possible and in which areas.
② TV broadcasters make sure they can meet this schedule
○Diffusion and promotion of the unique DTTB service
① TV Broadcasters try to increase the ratio of HDTV programs.
② Clarification of plans to provide enhanced services, such as a DTTB service for mobile reception.

■Receiver Manufactures and Shops ..etc

○Promotion of development and diffusion of cheaper, more varied DTTB receivers.
○Response to enhanced services such as DTTB for mobile reception and server-type broadcasting.
○Promotion of development of easy-to-use DTTB receivers for all users.
○Training for shop clerks ..etc
■ Government
○Clarification and publication of specific policy to ensure realization of the road map for DTTB Station and
establishment of technical standards that enable swift and easy building of broadcasting stations.
○Publication of accurate information and schedule about DTTB in a way ordinary people can easily understand.
30
 Official Supports for Broadcasters MIC

Support by the “Extraordinary Law for Measures to Promote

the Construction of Advanced TV Broadcasting Facilities” etc.

¾ Preference for the national tax (corporate tax)

¾ Preference for the local tax (fixed property tax, real-

estate acquisition tax)

¾ Supply of low- or super-low-interest funds by the

Development Bank of Japan

Financial support for the implementation of broadcasting

stations in disadvantaged areas

31
 MIC

Special Advantages of Japan’s

System for Mobile Reception
 Demand Expansion for One-Seg Mobile Phones MIC
・ One-Seg service started in April 2006.
・ One-Seg Mobile Phone Shipments have been expanded and reached 1,000,000
for the first time in Jul 2007.
(Unit: thousand)

20,000
20 million One-Seg Mobile Phones were
Shipped (by the end of Dec. 2007).
15,000

10,000

5,000

0
by Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2006 2007
33
One-Seg Broadcasting Receivers Introduced to the Market (1/3)
MIC
Mobile Phones

W33SA W41H W33SA Ⅱ W43H W43SA W44S W43H Ⅱ

（Dec 2005） （Feb 2006） （Jun 2006） （Sep 2006） （Oct 2006） （Dec 2006） （Jan 2007）
Usable also as digital radio

MEDIA SKIN W51CA W51K W51SA W51SH W51T W52T

（Jan 2007） （Jan 2007） （Jan 2007） （Jan 2007） （Jan 2007） （Jan 2007） （Jan 2007）
Usable also as digital radio Usable also as digital radio Usable also as digital radio
ＫＤＤＩ

P901iTV D903iTV
（Mar 2006） （Jun 2007）

905SH 911SH
（May 2006） （Nov 2006）

D903iTV P903iTV SH903iTV

（2007） （2007） （2007）

NTTDoCoMo SoftBank

Each company’s press released merchandise in Japan 34

 One-Seg Broadcasting Receivers Introduced to the Market (2/3)
MIC
Personal Computers

LesanceNB PC Card USB connective Tuner PC Card

VGN-TX91PS, etc. CL206GW-GT/TV etc （Mar 2006 OEM Supply） （DH-ONE/U2） MonsterTV 1D
（from Jan 2006） （from Jul 2006） （Oct 2006） （Nov 2006）
Sony Aro System PIXERA BUFFALO SKnet

T70S/V, etc. LavieA (LA700/GD) USB connective Tuner SDIO Tuner Express Card
（from Apr 2006） （Sep 2006） （LDT-1S100U） （2007 OEM supplied） MonsterTV 1D for DELL
（Sep 2006） （Nov 2006）
Fujitsu ＮＥＣ Logitec ZENTEK DELL

USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner
PCTV-hiwasa（LOG-J100） VGA-TV1S SEG CLIP（GV-1SG/USB） DigiTVe （LC-1SEGU） QOT-W100
（Dec 2006） （Dec 2006） （Dec 2006） （Dec 2006） （Dec 2006）
LOGFARM SanwaSupply I.O.Data Live Creator Quick Sun

USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner USB connective Tuner
DT-007 K-ONESEG/U2 W-one（GH-1ST-U2K） ON TIME TV（IM-1ST0001U/S）
（Dec 2006） （2007） （Dec 2006） （Dec 2006）
TRYWIN KEIAN GREEN HOUSE IMJ

Each company’s press released merchandise in Japan 35

 One-Seg Broadcasting Receivers Introduced to the Market (3/3)
MIC
Portable DVD Players Electronic Game Terminal
※ One-Seg tuner
only for portable DVD player
Dictionary

DVD-LX97 SD-P90DT SD-P50DT

SD-PDT1
（Mar 2006） （Dec 2006） （Dec 2006） （Jul 2006）
Panasonic TOSHIBA TOSHIBA

Papyrus
PW-TC900 Nintendo DS
ROSSINI RPD7100SN-SV axion DVF-DTV100 （Dec 2006） （Nov 2007）
（Nov 2006） AXN6709TD （Aug 2006）
NAGASE （Dec 2006） SANYO SHARP Nintendo

Digital Audio Player Exclusive Terminals, etc. Others

※Usable also as
digital radio Radio
XDV-100
gigabeat V30T （Apr 2007）
(Jul 2006） SONY

gigabeat V30E & V60E

One-segment unit
（Nov 2006） BTV-400K
Produced by Wilcom Prodia
（Feb 2007） （Sep 2006）
（Dec 2006） Super One-seg TV Watch Original One-seg TV
（campaign prize） （GⅠChallenge campaign prize）
TOSHIBA BLUEDOT PIXERA Asahi Beer Georgia

Each company’s press released merchandise in Japan 36

 Utilization of Broadcasting for Disaster Prevention MIC

Text Image
Possibility of ●● river
Activation Control by Broadcasting
flooding has increased.
Non-congested communication
Residents in the surrounding
Power-saving feature is necessary
areas should evacuate. Areas
affected are as follows. Evacuate from this area !

(Cell Base Station)

Activation control signal
&
Activate !
Meteorological Agency TV Station Text and image

Emergency
Evacuation
Instructions

Master Room
(on-air button)

Both in and outside the home. 37

 Summaries MIC

¾ Digitizing broadcasting consists of not only upgrading

existing analog TV systems but also achieving attractive
broadcasting service is the key to expand digital terrestrial TV
for viewers.

¾ ISDB-T makes it possible to receive SDTV or HDTV while

moving and provides the chance for enjoying new
broadcasting service to users.

¾ ISDB-T can provide a “free” mobile TV reception service

like ordinary TV broadcasting.

→ ISDB-T can be the most suitable system for expanding

digital terrestrial TV .
38
 Thank you ! MIC

¾Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications

(MIC) :
http://www.soumu.go.jp/joho_tsusin/eng/index.html

¾Presenter:
Koji TODA
Deputy Director, Broadcasting Technology Division,
Information and Communications Policy Bureau, MIC

¾Contact us:
btd_i@ml.soumu.go.jp
39