By :- Krishna Kumar Agrawalla

INDEX
1. Short introduction To C++
2. Introduction to Tic Tac Toe C++ Program
3. System Requirements
4. Coding
5. Output Result
6. Initialization Of Variables &explanatory statements
7. Game Loops
 Short Introduction To C++
C++ is a general-purpose programming language.
 It has imperative, object oriented and generic
 programming features, while also providing
 facilities for low-level memory manipulation.
                                                         

                                                            It was designed with a bias toward system programming and embedded,  
                                                                      resource-constrained and large systems, with performance, 
efficiency                                                               and flexibility of use as its design highlights. C++ 
has also been found                                                               useful in many other contexts, with key 
strengths being software                                                                                          infrastructure and resource-
constrained applications , including desktop            applications, servers (e.g. e-
commerce, web search or SQL servers), and                                             performance-critical 
applications (e.g. telephone switches or space                                                probes).C++ is 
a compiled language, with implementations of it available              on many platforms.
 Introduction to Tic Tac Toe
C++ Program

Tic-tac-toe (or Noughts and crosses, Xs and Os) is a pencil-
and-paper game for two players, X and O, who take turns 
marking the spaces in a 3×3 grid. The player who succeeds 
in placing three respective marks in a horizontal, vertical, or 
diagonal row wins the game.
This program is a game program, Tic Tac 
Toe. Most of us have played this game in 
our leisure time, and we have make a C+
+ program on it.
 Introduction to Tic Tac Toe
C++ Program

This game uses board to control players

In each turn players enter a number and
choose a move
Simplify programing assumes that player
one always moves first and uses X's
Player two moves at 2nd position and
uses O's

A Sample Screen Shot of a Game

 System Requirements

• Operating system: Windows XP, Vista 7 and 8 .

• Processor : Pantium III/1.4 GHz processor.

• RAM:512 MB

• Hard Disk:900 MB Space required

 Tic Tac Toe
C++ Program

How the program structured :

At the time when program start we initialize variables, and we run

the game loop until the game end or players choose to quit
The game consists of three steps

• Display board
• Get players move
• Check for game end
 CODING
    #   include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>

char square[10] = {'o','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9'};
int checkwin();
void board();

int main()
{
int player = 1,i,choice;
char mark;
clrscr();
do
{
board();
player=(player%2)?1:2;
cout << "Player " << player << ", enter a number:  ";
cin >> choice;
mark=(player == 1) ? 'X' : 'O';
if (choice == 1 && square[1] == '1')
 square[1] = mark;
else if (choice == 2 && square[2] == '2')
square[2] = mark;
else if (choice == 3 && square[3] == '3')
square[3] = mark;
else if (choice == 4 && square[4] == '4')
square[4] = mark;
else if (choice == 5 && square[5] == '5')
square[5] = mark;
else if (choice == 6 && square[6] == '6')
square[6] = mark;
else if (choice == 7 && square[7] == '7')
square[7] = mark;
else if (choice == 8 && square[8] == '8')
square[8] = mark;
else if (choice == 9 && square[9] == '9')
square[9] = mark;
else
{
cout<<"Invalid move ";
player--;
getch();
}
 i=checkwin();
player++;
}
while(i==-1);
board();
if(i==1)
cout<<"==>\aPlayer "<<--player<<" win ";
Else
cout<<"==>\aGame draw";
getch();
return 0;
} /*********************************************
FUNCTION TO RETURN GAME STATUS
1 FOR GAME IS OVER WITH RESULT
-1 FOR GAME IS IN PROGRESS
O GAME IS OVER AND NO RESULT
**********************************************/
int checkwin()
{
if (square[1] == square[2] && square[2] == square[3])
return 1;
else if (square[4] == square[5] && square[5] == square[6])
return 1;
 else if (square[7] == square[8] && square[8] == square[9])
return 1;
else if (square[1] == square[4] && square[4] == square[7])
return 1;
else if (square[2] == square[5] && square[5] == square[8])
return 1;
else if (square[3] == square[6] && square[6] == square[9])
return 1;
else if (square[1] == square[5] && square[5] == square[9])
return 1;
else if (square[3] == square[5] && square[5] == square[7])
return 1;
else if (square[1] != '1' && square[2] != '2' && square[3] != '3' &&
square[4] != '4' && square[5] != '5' && square[6] != '6' && square[7] != '7'
&& square[8]!=‘8’&&square[9]!=‘9’)
return 0;
else
return -1;
}
 /*******************************************************************
FUNCTION TO DRAW BOARD OF TIC TAC TOE WITH PLAYERS MARK
********************************************************************/
void board()
{
clrscr();
cout << "\n\n\tTic Tac Toe\n\n";
cout << "Player 1 (X) - Player 2 (O)" << endl << endl;
cout << endl;
cout << " | | " << endl;
cout << " " << square[1] << " | " << square[2] << " | " << square[3] << endl;
cout << "_____|_____|_____" << endl;
cout << " | | " << endl;
cout << " " << square[4] << " | " << square[5] << " | " << square[6] << endl;
cout << "_____|_____|_____" << endl;
cout << " | | " << endl;
cout << " " << square[7] << " | " << square[8] << " | " << square[9] << endl;
cout << " | | " << endl << endl;
}

/*******************************************************************
END OF PROJECT
OUTPUT
Initialization Of Variables &
explanatory statements

This portion of code is for initialization of variables,

the variables of squares are initializing with the
characters from 1 to 9.
The player turn will be initializing to 1 because since
the player 1 makes the first turn
Game over is initialize to true but that does not really
matter for this program because after game loop
game check itself for winner.
 Initialization Of Variables &
explanatory statements

Program comments are explanatory statements that we can include in the C++ code
that we write and helps anyone reading its source code. All programming languages
allow for some form of comments.
C++ supports single line and multi-line comments. All characters available inside any
comment are ignored by C++ compiler.
C++ comments start with /* and end with */. For example:

// This is a comment

/* C++ comments can also

span multiple lines
*/
 Game Loops

After initialization game began to move forward for main game

loop these loops are while and do while loop which are
encapsulated in statements that what to do or not to do.
Once we enter the game loop
The first thing will be done is print
the game board which displays the
tic tac toe game board in console
window
Remember we initialize these
squares with characters from 1 to 9
for basic console input and output.
 Game Loops

!!Notice that the console window

prompts the player for move
The player's moves are handled by

the next portion of code !!

When we run the program the board looks like this
 Game Loops
( player's moves )

cPlayerMark determines that first player has X and second has 0

This portion of statements check for player turn if it's not the first
player move its promoted the move to next player
Then the next line gets the valid move of the player
 Game Loops
( player's moves )

If players input an invalid move it's prompted for another

move and says try again like this ..

A Screen Shot of an Invalid Move

 Game Loops
( player's moves )

The cin statement gets the valid

move for the player
Notice that it's begin with another
loop it has pretty much statements to
check the conditions.

The check for valid move is pretty

large branch of square check.
 Game Loops
( player's moves )

Each branch of the if statement makes two check, the first input
check that the input is valid digit from 1 to 9 and second check is for
make sure of the input is digit not an character, second check also
make sure that the number which is entered not entered
Previously
 Game Loops
( player's moves )

After the valid move the series of checks perform to check

the games conditions.

Note there are the nine ways to end the game, 8 conditions
to win the game and 1 condition for draw the game.

The first conditions check the ending game condition

through
the walls of 1st square.
 Game Loops
( player's moves )

The second if statement handles the 4 cases from

the middle 5th square .
 Game Loops
( player's moves )

The third if statement handles the 2 cases from the 9th square

In each of these cases we check that the squares not equals to its number
character.
This check ensures that we have an extra O and the other two checks make
sure that the other two squares have the same O in the series like this one
Those cases cover the win condition however game will be ended and draw like
this.
 Game Loops
( player's moves )

Screen Shot “ Game Draw”

 Game Loops
(Final Check)

After that we print the ending board of the game and tells
whose win and ask the user to play another game or quit
If the user want play again the looping is continue and the
board will be reset and the player turn also set back to 1

On the other hand the game will be quit .

 Game Loops
(Final Check)

The final check takes cover of the case that game will be draw
and all the squares will be marked.
When we determine that the game is over we run through over
final condition
If the game is over we check for the game that someone is win
the game Boolean which we set at the last part, if some has
won then it will be last one or last player which is moved.
Thank You