acidic radical ( order will be

Cl- SO42- PO43- NO3-

CH3COO-

5. Confirmatory test for

basic radical

Write up of salt analysis NH4Cl

Experiment Observation Inference
1. Preliminary examination
a. Note the colour of salt white Zn2+ , NH4+ , Al3+ Pb2+ may
pr
b. Note the odour of salt smell of ammonia NH4+ may pr
c. Note the smell of the salt Soluble in water
2. Dry heating test
a. Take a pinch of salt in dry Smell of ammonia and white NH4+ may present
test tube and heat. sublimate
Colourless gas with pungent Cl-may present
smell
b. Perform flame test . No specific flsame Pb2+ Ca2+ absent
c. Perform charcoal cavity test No specific bead Pb2+ Zn2+ absent

3. Wet Test for acidic radical

a. salt + dil. H2SO4 No rx in hot and cold CO32- ab
b. salt + conc. H2SO4 Colourless gas with pungent Cl-may present
smell

4. Confirmatory test for

acidic radical
a. Saly solution + AgNO3 White ppt Cl- pr
b. salt MnO2 + conc H2SO4 + Greenish yellow gas evolved Cl- conf
Heat
c. Bring moist starch iodide Violet spot on paper Cl- conf
paper near the mouth of test
tube
d. Bring rod dipped in NH4OH Dense white fumes Cl- conf
near the mouth of test tube
5. Confirmatory test for
basic radical
* Salt solution + NaOH + heat smell of ammonia NH4+ prZero grp present
* bring rod dipped in dil.HCl Dense white fumes NH4+ conf
near the mouth of test tube
* bring a filter paper with few Brown spot on paper NH4+ conf
drops of Nesseler’s reagent

Result : The given salt is

NH4Cl with NH4+ as acidic
radical and Cl- as basic radical
Write up of salt analysis CuSO4
Experiment Observation Inference
1. Preliminary examination
a. Note the colour of salt blue Cu2+ may pr
b. Note the odour of salt No odour NH4+ , CH3COO- ab
c. Note the smell of the salt Soluble in water
2. Dry heating test
a. Take a pinch of salt in dry Colour of salt changes from Cu2+ may present
test tube and heat. blue to white,

b. Perform flame test . Bluish green flame Cu2+ present

c. Perform charcoal cavity test Red bead Cu2+ present

3. Wet Test for acidic radical

a. salt + dil. H2SO4 No rx in hot and cold CO32- ab
b. salt + conc. H2SO4 No rx Cl- , NO3- and CH3COO- ab

4. Confirmatory test for

acidic radical
a. Salt solution + AgNO3 No White ppt Cl- ab
b. Salt solution + BaCl2 White ppt SO42- pr
c. Add dil HCl or HNO3 White ppt remains SO42- conf
undissolved
d. salt solution
+lead acetate + acetic acid White ppt SO42- conf

5. Confirmatory test for

basic radical
* Salt solution + NaOH + heat no smell of ammonia NH4+ ab Zero grp ab
* Salt solution + Dil HCl no white ppt Pb2+ ab 1st grp absent.
* Salt solution + dil. HCl + black ppt 2nd grp present , Cu2+ pre
Na2S
* dissolve the ppt in dil HNO3
and divide in two parts
* To 1st part + NH4OH deep blue colour Cu2+ conf
* To 2nd part+ K4[Fe(CN)6] Chocolate brown ppt Cu2+ conf

Result :
Write up of salt analysis FeCl3
Experiment Observation Inference
1. Preliminary examination
a. Note the colour of salt Black / brown Fe3+ may pr
b. Note the odour of salt No odour NH4+ , CH3COO- ab
c. Note the smell of the salt Soluble in water
2. Dry heating test
a. Take a pinch of salt in dry Black residue or colour of salt Al3+ may present
test tube and heat. changes brown to red /yellow, Cl- may present
colourless gas with pungent
smell
b. Perform flame test . No specific flame Pb2+ ab
c. Perform charcoal cavity test No specific bead Zn2+ Pb 2+ absent

3. Wet Test for acidic radical

a. salt + dil. H2SO4 No rx in hot and cold CO32- ab
b. salt + conc. H2SO4 colourless gas with pungent Cl- may pr
smell

4. Confirmatory test for

acidic radical
a. Saly solution + AgNO3 White ppt Cl- pr
b. salt MnO2 + conc H2SO4 + Greenish yellow gas evolved Cl- conf
Heat
c. Bring moist starch iodide Violet spot on paper Cl- conf
paper near the mouth of test
tube
d. Bring rod dipped in Dense white fumes Cl- conf
NH4OH near the mouth of test
tube
5. Confirmatory test for
basic radical
* Salt solution + NaOH + heat no smell of ammonia NH4+ ab Zero grp ab
* Salt solution + Dil HCl no white ppt Pb2+ ab 1st grp absent.
* Salt solution + dil. HCl + no black ppt 2nd grp absent , Cu2+ ab
Na2S
* Salt solution + NH4Cl + brown ppt 3rd grp present +, Fe3+ present
NH4OH
* dissolve the ppt in HCl and
divide in 2 parts
* To 1st part + KSCN blood red Fe3+ confirmed
* To 2nd part+ K4[Fe(CN)6] Prussian blue Fe3+ confirmed

Result :
Write up of salt analysis ZnSO4
Experiment Observation Inference
1. Preliminary examination
a. Note the colour of salt White NH4+ , Zn2+ Al3+ Mg2+ may pr
b. Note the odour of salt No odour NH4+ , CH3COO- ab
c. Note the smell of the salt Soluble in water
2. Dry heating test
a. Take a pinch of salt in dry Colour of salt yellow when Zn2+ may present
test tube and heat. hot and white when cold,

b. Perform flame test . No specific flame Pb2+ ab

c. Perform charcoal cavity test White incrustations Zn2+ may present

3. Wet Test for acidic radical

a. salt + dil. H2SO4 No rx in hot and cold CO32- ab
b. salt + conc. H2SO4 No rx Cl- , NO3- and CH3COO- ab

4. Confirmatory test for

acidic radical
a. Saly solution + AgNO3 No White ppt Cl- ab
b. Salt solution + BaCl2 White ppt SO42- pr
c. Add dil HCl or HNO3 White ppt remains SO42- conf
undissolved
d. salt solution
+lead acetate + acetic acid White ppt SO42- conf

5. Confirmatory test for

basic radical
* Salt solution + NaOH + heat no smell of ammonia NH4+ ab Zero grp ab
* Salt solution + Dil HCl no white ppt Pb2+ ab 1st grp absent.
* Salt solution + dil. HCl + no black ppt 2nd grp absent , Cu2+ ab
Na2S
* Salt solution + NH4Cl +
NH4OH no ppt 3rd grp absent Fe3+, Al3+ absen
* Salt solution + NH4Cl +
NH4OH+Na2S dirty white ppt 4th grp pr, Zn2+ may pr
* dissolve the ppt in dil.HCl
and
Divide in 2 parts
* To 1st part + NaOH white ppt Zn2+ confirmed
* To 2nd part + K4[Fe(CN)6 sky blue ppt Zn2+ confirmed

Result :