1.

Consider the following reaction:

  N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) → 2 NH3 (g)

What is the rate expression for each substance in this equation?

a. Rate =  −Δ[ N 2] =  −3 Δ[H 2] =
2 Δ[ N H 3]
Δt Δt Δt

b. Rate =  −Δ[ N 2] =  −Δ[H 2] Δ[ N H 3 ]

=
Δt 3 Δt 2 Δt
c. Rate =   Δ[N 2] =  3 Δ[ H 2] = −2 Δ[ N H 3]
Δt Δt Δt
d. Rate =   Δ[N 2] Δ[H 2] Δ[ N H 3]
Δt
=  3 Δt
=
2 Δt
e. Rate =  Δ[N 2] =  Δ[H 2] = Δ[ N H 3 ]
Δt Δt Δt

2. Use the data set below for the reaction of C4H9Cl with water to answer the
following question(s).

  C4H9Cl (aq) + H2O (l) → C4H9OH (aq) + HCl (aq)

   

Time, t (s) [C4H9Cl], (M)

    0.0 0.1000
  50.0 0.0905
100.0 0.0820
150.0 0.0741
200.0 0.0671
300.0 0.0549
400.0 0.0448
500.0 0.0368
800.0 0.0200

What is the average rate of reaction over the time interval from 50.0 seconds to
500.0 seconds?
a. 0.800 × 10-4 M/s
b. 0.560 × 10-4 M/s
 c. 1.13 × 10-4 M/s
d. 1.19 × 10-4 M/s
e. 1.70 × 10-4 M/s
3. Consider the gas phase reaction and data below to answer the following
question(s).

  BF3 (g) + NH3 (g) → F3BNH3 (g)

   

Experiment Initial [BF3] (M) Initial [NH3] (M) Initial Rate (M/s)
1 0.250 0.250 0.2130
2 0.250 0.125 0.1065
3 0.200 0.100 0.0682
4 0.350 0.100 0.1193
5 0.175 0.100 0.0596

What is the rate law for this reaction?

a. Rate = k[F3BNH3]
b. Rate = k[BF3][NH3]
c. Rate = k[BF3]2
d. Rate = k[BF3]2[NH3]
e. Rate = k[BF3]2[NH3]2

4. Consider the gas phase reaction below to answer the following question(s).

  F2 (g) + 2 ClO2 (g) → 2 FClO2 (g) rate = k[F2][ClO2]

What is the overall order of the reaction above?

a. fourth order
b. zero order
c. third order
d. first order
e. second order
5. Consider the gas phase reaction and data below to answer the following
question(s).

 2 NO (g) + H2 (g) → N2 (g) + 2 H2O (g) rate = k[NO]2[H2]

Experiment Initial [NO] (M) Initial [H2] (M) Initial Rate (M/s)
1 0.00570 0.140 7.01 x 10-5

What is the numerical value for the rate constant, k, of the reaction above?
a. 0.852
b. 13.6
c. 109
d. 15.4
e. 54.5

6. Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s).

A+B→C rate = k[A][B]

Which units listed below is the best choice for the rate constant, k, of the
reaction above?
a. M/s
b. M-2s-1
c. 1/s
d. M-1s-1
e. M2/s2

7. Consider the gas phase reaction and data below to answer the following
question(s).

  2 NO (g) + O2 (g) → 2 NO2 (g) rate = 1.1 M-2s-1[NO]2[O2]

 What is the initial rate of this reaction when the concentration of the two
reactants are [NO] = 0.30 M and [O2] = 0.20 M?
a. 0.020 M/s
b. 0.25 M/s
c. 0.21 M/s
d. 3.4 M/s
e. 1.43 M/s

8. Consider the reaction below to answer the following question.

A → Products rate = k[A]1

When [A] = 0.10 M, the rate of the reaction is 1.0 M/s. What is the rate
when [A] is increased to 0.20 M?
10 M/s
0.40 M/s
0.10 M/s
0.15 M/s
2.0M/s
9. Graphical analysis can be used to determine the rate law for a general
reaction as shown.

  A → B + C
   
Which of the Time-Concentration plots shown below confirms that a
particular reaction follows a first order rate law?
10. At 25 °C, hydrogen iodide decomposes very slowly to hydrogen and iodine
as shown.

2 HI (g) → H2 (g) + I2 (g) rate = 2.40 × 10 −21 L/mol ⋅s [HI]2

If the initial concentration of HI is 0.0100 M, how long will it take for the
concentration of HI to reduce to 0.00500 M?
a. 2.89 × 1020 seconds
b. 1.21 × 10-21 seconds
c. 4.17 × 1022 seconds
d. 2.40 × 10-23 seconds
e. 2.8 × 1018 seconds

11. Tritium is radioactive and decays by a first order process with a half-life of
12.5 yr. If an experiment starts with 1.00 × 10-6 mol of tritium, how much is
left after 4.5 yr.?
a. 1.0 × 10-9 mol
b. 3.6 × 10-7 mol
c. 7.8 × 10-7 mol
d. 4.8 × 10-6 mol
e. 1.1× 10-7 mol

12. A certain first-order reaction has a rate constant of 2.75 × 10 -2 s -1 at 293 K.

What is the value of k at 333 K if the energy of activation equals 75.5
kJ/mol?
a. k = 1.14 s-1
b. k = 0.131 s-1
c. k = 3.72 × 10-2 s-1
d. k = 1.51 × 103 s-1
e. k = 146 s-1
13. What can be stated about the two potential energy diagrams shown below
with respect to their relative rates of reaction and heat exchange?

 
a. Reaction 2 proceeds faster than reaction 1. Reaction 1
is endothermic and reaction 2 is exothermic.
b. Reaction 1 proceeds faster than reaction 2. Reaction 1
is exothermic and reaction 2 is endothermic.
c. Reaction 2 proceeds faster than reaction 1. Reaction 1
is exothermic and reaction 2 is endothermic.
d. Reaction 1 proceeds faster than reaction 2. Reaction 1
is endothermic and reaction 2 is exothermic.
e. Reaction 1 proceeds faster than reaction 2. Both reactions
are exothermic.

14. Consider the two-step mechanism below that has been proposed for the gas
phase reaction of H2 with ICl to produce I2 and HCl.

Step 1: H2 (g) + ICl (g) → HI (g) + HCl (g) (slow step)

Step 2: HI (g) + ICl (g) → I2 (g) + HCl (g) (fast step)

Net reaction: H2 (g) + 2 ICl (g) → I2 (g) + 2 HCl  

What intermediate(s) is(are) present in this mechanism?

a. HI and HCl
b. I2 and HCl
 c. I2
d. HCl
e. HI

15. Calculate the work done by 1.00 mol of an ideal gas when it expands from a
volume of 14.00 L to a volume of 18.00 L against a constant external
pressure of 2.00 atm.
a. 0 J
b. -810 J
c. -2.84 kJ
d. +2.84 kJ 
e. -3.65 J

16. A sample of an ideal gas at 275 K occupies a volume of 42 L. The sample

contracts to a volume of 15 L at a constant pressure of 1.50 atm, while heat
of 2400 J is lost to the surroundings. What is ΔE for this process?
a. -6.5 kJ
b. -4.1 kJ
c. +1.7 kJ
d. +4.1 kJ
e. -1.7 kJ

17. From the ΔE given for 25 °C, calculate ΔH at the same temperature for the
reaction:

  2 N2O (g) → 2 N2 (g) + O2 (g) ΔE = -161.62 kJ

a. -159.14 kJ
b. -161.62 kJ
c. -164.10 kJ
d. -166.58 kJ
e. + 159.14
 18. Which of the following reactions would be expected to have a positive
entropy change, Δ S > 0?

I. 3 O2 (g) → 2 O3 (g)

II. CaCO3 (s) → CaO (s) + CO2 (g)
III. C3H8 (g) + 5 O2 (g) → 3 CO2 (g) + 4 H2O (g)
   
a. I only
b. II only
c. III only
d. I and II
e. II and III

19. Given the table for standard molar entropy values of each substance in the
reaction below, what is the standard change in entropy, ΔS°rxn, for the
following reaction?

 
C6H12O6 (s) + 6 O2 (g) → 6 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (g)
 
 

 
Substance
S° (Jmol-1K-1)

 
C6H12O6 (s)
212.1

 
O2 (g)
205.0

 
CO2 (g)
213.7

 
H2O (g)
188.7

a.
3856.5 J/K

b.
972.3 J/K

c.
1396.5 J/K

d.
-14.7 J/K

e.
3432.3 J/K

20. Which of the following is NOT true for ΔG°rxn under standard conditions?

If ΔG°rxn > 0, the reaction is spontaneous in the forward direction.

If ΔG°rxn = 0, the reaction is at equilibrium.
If ΔG°rxn < 0, the reaction is spontaneous in the forward direction.
If ΔG°rxn > 0, the reaction is spontaneous in the reverse direction.
If the reaction quotient, Q = 1, then △Grxn = ΔG°rxn.
21. Consider a reaction that has a negative ΔH and a positive ΔS. Which of the
following statements is TRUE?
This reaction will be spontaneous only at high temperatures.
This reaction will be spontaneous at all temperatures.
This reaction will be nonspontaneous at all temperatures.
This reaction will be nonspontaneous only at high temperatures.
It is not possible to determine without more information.

22. Consider the reaction below and its corresponding thermodynamic data to
answer the following question.

 3 O2 (g) → 2 O3 (g) ΔH° = 284.6 kJ/mol and ΔS° = -139.8 Jmol-1K-1
    
What is the standard Gibbs Free Energy change, ΔGº, for this reaction at
25 °C?
a. 326.3 kJ/mol
b. 242.9 kJ/mol
c. 281.1 kJ/mol
d. 288.1 kJ/mol
e. 4.195 × 104 kJ/mol

23.Above what temperature does the following reaction cross over from being
considered spontaneous to non-spontaneous?

FeO(s) + CO(g) → CO2(g) + Fe(s) ΔH = -11.0 kJ and ΔS = -17.4 J/K

a. 298 K
b. 191 K
c. 632 K
d. This reaction is non-spontaneous
at all temperatures
e. This reaction is spontaneous at
all temperatures
24. Consider the following reaction and the corresponding standard molar
Gibbs Free Energy:

  2 HI (g)   H2 (g) + I2 (g) ΔG° = 16.8 KJ/mol

If the partial pressures of the three gases are PHI = 2.50 atm, PH2 = 3.5 atm
and PI2 = 4.5 atm at 400 K, what is ΔG under these non-standard conditions?
a. 21.8 KJ/mol
b. 13.7 KJ/mol
c. 17.4 KJ/mol
d. 19.9 KJ/mol
e. 18.1 KJ/mol

25. Determine the equilibrium constant for the following reaction at 298 K.

Cl(g) + O3(g) → ClO(g) + O2(g) ΔG° = - 34.5 kJ

1.12 × 106
0.986
8.96 × 10-7
4.98 × 10-4
5.66 × 105