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Field-Based Maximal Tests of Cardiorespiratory Fitness: 2 Physiological and Performance Testing 23

The document discusses different approaches for assessing endurance capabilities in athletes, including testing physiological parameters and laboratory or field tests. Field tests are preferred for team sports since they are more practical and replicate the locomotion of a game. The most popular field test is the 20m multi-stage shuttle test, which has been shown to correspond well with laboratory VO2max tests for team sports players.

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20 views1 page

Field-Based Maximal Tests of Cardiorespiratory Fitness: 2 Physiological and Performance Testing 23

The document discusses different approaches for assessing endurance capabilities in athletes, including testing physiological parameters and laboratory or field tests. Field tests are preferred for team sports since they are more practical and replicate the locomotion of a game. The most popular field test is the 20m multi-stage shuttle test, which has been shown to correspond well with laboratory VO2max tests for team sports players.

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One approach used when assessing endurance capabilities of athletes is to test

the individual physiological parameters that underpin endurance performance


(Jones and Carter, 2000). Aerobic endurance is determined by both the athlete’s
aerobic fitness and their ability to sustain a high percentage of VO2max.
The latter component is in turn linked to the athlete’s propensity to clear
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PERFORMANCE TESTING 23
lactate and buffering capacity. The final factor in aerobic endurance is running
economy or work efficiency. In the context of team sports it follows that any
test should aim to replicate the type of locomotion that occurs during a game
in order to address this movement economy factor when assessing aerobic
endurance (Aziz et al., 2005). In the case of intermittent sports, such as team
sports, anaerobic capacity which underpins repeated sprint ability is another
critical factor that determines endurance performance.
Laboratory testing requires specialized equipment that is expensive and
requires trained personnel to operate it. Given these cost issues, as well as
the time demands of testing each player individually, laboratory testing is
not generally amenable to application with squads of players (Impellizzeri
et al., 2005). In the case of intermittent sports, and particularly team sports,
laboratory testing is typically restricted to a research setting. Field tests have
therefore been developed that offer a more practical alternative for use with
players who compete in intermittent sports. As the field test protocols are often
closer to what occurs in intermittent sports, these tests are also often considered
more relevant by players and coaches in these sports than laboratory tests
(Bosquet et al., 2002). Scores with these field tests exhibit high correlations with
laboratory test measurements (Bosquet et al., 2002) and regression equations
can be used to derive estimated scores for VO2max (Impellizzeri et al., 2005).
Field-based maximal tests of cardiorespiratory fitness
20m Multi-stage shuttle test
The most popular field tests of aerobic fitness for field sports players typically
involve variations of a shuttle run protocol (Castagna et al., 2006). The 20m
multi-stage fitness test has become a standard field test for aerobic endurance,
for both athletic and other populations (Flouris et al., 2005; Wilkinson et al.,
1999). Measured VO2max during the 20m multi-stage shuttle test (MST)
has shown to correspond well with laboratory measured VO2max during a
maximal treadmill test for team sports players (rugby players and field hockey
players) (Aziz et al., 2005). The fact that endurance athletes’ (triathletes and
runners) scores showed different VO2max scores between the field and treadmill
tests points to the greater familiarity and specificity of the shuttle run test mode
for team sports players as opposed to endurance athletes.
The 20m MST has been adapted for other sports: an on-ice version of
the test was devised and validated for ice hockey players (Leger et al., 1979).
Variations of the original 20m MST have also been proposed. These include a
modified incremental 20m shuttle test that increases running speed after each
shuttle (Wilkinson et al., 1999), as opposed to increasing velocity at 1-minute
intervals as occurs with the original version of the test. The authors of this study
argue that such an approach avoids the tendency of players to drop out at the
start of a given level, as can happen with the original test protocol (Wilkinson
et al., 1999). Such a scenario may make the original 20m MST less sensitive to
changes in training status as players may voluntarily drop out once they have
achieved their target level rather than continue to volitional fatigue.
24 PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PERFORMANCE TESTING

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