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Tezpur Litchi

The document discusses litchi cultivation in Tezpur, Assam. It describes litchi as a sub-tropical fruit tree known for its red fruit with pleasant flavor and juicy pulp. It grows best in areas with abundant rainfall and humidity between 21-38 degrees Celsius. Well-drained loamy soil rich in organic matter is ideal for litchi cultivation. The document then outlines several measures to improve litchi production, packaging, quality control, value addition, strengthening the supply chain, and increasing the digital presence of Tezpur litchi. These include implementing good agricultural practices, developing processed litchi products, improving post-harvest infrastructure, collective action among farmers, and promoting the brand on social media platforms.

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Madhusudhan Kms
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227 views5 pages

Tezpur Litchi

The document discusses litchi cultivation in Tezpur, Assam. It describes litchi as a sub-tropical fruit tree known for its red fruit with pleasant flavor and juicy pulp. It grows best in areas with abundant rainfall and humidity between 21-38 degrees Celsius. Well-drained loamy soil rich in organic matter is ideal for litchi cultivation. The document then outlines several measures to improve litchi production, packaging, quality control, value addition, strengthening the supply chain, and increasing the digital presence of Tezpur litchi. These include implementing good agricultural practices, developing processed litchi products, improving post-harvest infrastructure, collective action among farmers, and promoting the brand on social media platforms.

Uploaded by

Madhusudhan Kms
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TEZPUR LITCHI

Litchi is a sub- tropical evergreen, fruit tree. Litchi is known for its excellent quality pleasant
flavour, juicy pulp with attractive red colour. A highly flavoured squash is prepared from its
fruit. The fruit consist of juice, rag, seed and skin varying upon variety and climate. Litchi is
also a source of vitamin C but it contains insignificant amount of protein, fat, pectin and
minerals specially Calcium, Phosphorus and Iron.
Litchi flourishes best in a moist atmosphere having abundant rainfall and free from frost. The
plant grows luxuriantly at 30 degree centigrade. The maximum temperature during flowering
and fruit development, varies from 21 degree centigrade in February to 38 degree in June.
Humidity is another important factor for Litchi. The dry hot winds in summer cause fruit
cracking and subsequently damages the pulp.

Wet spring, dry summer and light winter are desirable conditions for fruiting in Litchi. It grows
in a variety of soil types, however fairly deep well drained loam, soil rich in organic matter is
best suited for its cultivation. A sandy loam or clay loam with pH of 5.5 to 7.0 and sufficient
soil depth is ideal for litchi cultivation.
Measures for product improvement/ packaging/ quality control

 Pre and Postharvest Management Practices:


Integrated Pest Management, ultra-density plantation, Better orchard management and
micro irrigation, Drainage systems management, Nutritional Management, Propagation
techniques, Weed Control, Postharvest treatment need to work out the specific dose of
sulphur for fumigation of litchi.
Studies on mycorrhizal fungi and litchi host interaction have shown that litchi plant could
allocate up to 30% of their manufactured carbohydrate to AM fungi, whereas the fungi in
return provide 80% of plant phosphate and nitrogen.

 Information, communication and Education:


Litchi cultivators need to be senisitized with Awareness programmes on technological
developments. The farmers may also be trained on proper harvesting methods including
cutting, sorting fruits without soiling or damage, etc.,.
 Vietnamese Good Agricultural Practices to boost litchi production and exports:
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development introduced VietGAP in Luc Ngandistrict,
which provided a major boost to district’s litchi production and export value. VietGAP was
developed based on Global Good Agricultural Practices (Global GAP) but with a
lenientcriteria. The program guided farmers on 12 different standards which resulted in
increasing of yield from 3.33 to 7.22 tons per hectare.
 ICAR-NRCL:
Encourage the cultivators to experiment with the high yielding varieties developed by ICAR-
National Research Centre on Litchi.
 Packaging:
Indian Institute of Packaging can help in better packaging of litchi fruits in-order to
minimize the losses during packaging, transport, handling and distribution losses.
Packaging serves as a symbol of value-addition and assurance of quality.

Active Packaging concerns with the substances that adsorb/absorb CO2, O2, flavour/
odours, moisture, ethylene and those microbes that release CO2, antimicrobial agents and
antioxidants. The O2, CO2, ethylene scavengers and microbial agents are placed inside the
packaging system, so as to effectively improve the packaging environment. Plasticized
protein coating on polypropylene films works as antimicrobial agent when incorporated
with nisin and whey protein isolate, the films with bacteriocins absorber can be used as an
active packaging film.
Intelligent packaging is a system that provides reliable and correct information regarding
the condition of the contained food product, the environment, or the integrity of packaging.
Intelligent packaging contains a component that enables the monitoring of the condition of
packaged food or the environment surrounding the food during storage and transport.
Thus, intelligent packaging is an extension of the communication function of packaging, and
communicates to the user useful information based on ability to sense, record, or detect
changes (desirable and/or undesirable) in the product or environment. These facilitate
decision making to extend shelf-life, enhance safety, improve quality, provide information
and warn about possible problems

Value Added Products


Litchi is a highly perishable fruit. Farmers are bound to sell harvested litchi immediately before the
fruit turns brown and becomes unmarketable. Also, there is no staggered harvesting in litchi, and
the whole tree is normally harvested at one go. This, coupled with the highly perishable nature of
the fruit, results in glut and even distress sale among growers. Besides, litchi is available only for a
short period during the summer months. These problems can be overcome by processing the fruit
into various products.

Litchi growers can easily prepare different processed products of litchi by adopting simple food
safety and processing guidelines using locally available resources. Processed products can be
preserved for a longer time; thereby, processing not only extends the period of availability of the
fruit but also allows for realising good income commensurate to market demand. Compliance with
FPO and PFA Act is necessary, if processing is done for the market. ICAR-NRC on Litchi has
developed technical knowhow for preparation of different value-added products mentioned below:

Litchi Pulp Litchi Squash Litchi wine Litchi RTS Beverage


Canned Litchi Litchi Honey Dehydrated Litchi Pulp Litchi Nut
Measures to improve supply chain/value chain

Activity Agent Output


Input Supply Planting Material: Planting Material
Private /Govt Nurseries
Self
Farm Yard Farm Yard
Manure/Fertilizer/Pesticides Private Manure/Fertilizer/Pesticides
Traders
Self
Training Department of Horticulture, National Training on litchi orchard
Litchi Resource Center development and maintenance, post
harvest management
Production/ Litchi Orchard owners Litchi
supply
Secondary Secondary processors Sorted, graded sulphited
Processing litchi Pulp
Ready to serve products
Trading Traders (within and outside the Fresh litchi (sorted, graded and packed)
cluster) Retailers

Mapping a value chain facilitates a clear understanding of the sequence of activities and the key
actors and relationships involved in the value chain.
1.Postharvest Infrastructure:
 Development of farm level mobile pre-cooling centres (in close proximity to litchi orchards)
 Development of pack houses having sorting, grading and packing facilities
 Training of farmers on various aspects of postharvest management
2.Supply Chain/ Cold Chain Logistics:
Development of private markets
 Provision of reefer vans
3.Collective Action and Breeding:
Development of Farmer Interest groups/Producer Groups
 Promote organic nature of the produce through sustained campaigns

4.Brand Building:
Brand building is an integral part of marketing strategy for making the supply chain of the
targeted product sustainable and profitable. Brand can be built around certain unique aspects of
a commodity which can result in either premium for the produce or high demand or both.
In case of Tezpur Litchi, its flavour and sweetness may be highlighted and a brand synonymous
with the same may be developed through sustained campaigns.
To bring transparency in the value chain, GeoTag the orchards which will help in
connecting between farmers and buyers.

Measures to increase presence on digital platforms


1.Tieing up with existing players like Big Basket, Amazon, Flipkart etc.,.
2.Promotion on social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter to make the customers aware
of the product (social media handling skills required).
3.Farmer Interest groups can develop a dedicated e-commerce portal/app.
4.Litchi fruit can be promoted in association with celebrities and corporates (as part of their CSR
programs)
5. Litchi festival: PR events like Litchi Music and Sports Adventure Festival could bring
in visibility for the region.

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