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Computational Thinking: Slide-1

This document provides an overview of computational thinking including: - Definitions of computational thinking from various sources. - Core and peripheral concepts of computational thinking. - Examples of applying computational thinking concepts to diploma ceremonies, climate change modeling, and organizing a music album collection. - An overview of how computers work at a basic level. - Limitations of computational thinking. - An assignment for students to discuss examples of computational thinking in daily activities and from different study programs.

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Ahmad Zuhdi
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136 views21 pages

Computational Thinking: Slide-1

This document provides an overview of computational thinking including: - Definitions of computational thinking from various sources. - Core and peripheral concepts of computational thinking. - Examples of applying computational thinking concepts to diploma ceremonies, climate change modeling, and organizing a music album collection. - An overview of how computers work at a basic level. - Limitations of computational thinking. - An assignment for students to discuss examples of computational thinking in daily activities and from different study programs.

Uploaded by

Ahmad Zuhdi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UIC 201

Class: F11
GCR code jchovda
Lecturer: Dr. Ahmad Zuhdi, MKom
zuhdi@trisakti.ac.id
0818 0870 3125
OBJECTIVES

- Mendefinisikan Computational
Thinking
- Menunjukkan penerapan CT
dalam berbagai bidang
kehidupan
- Menjelaskan kekurangan /
batasan dari CT
REFERENCES
1. Karl Beecher, Computational Thinking, A Beginner's guide to
problem-solving and programming", 2017
2. Jan Cuny, Larry Snyder, and Jeannette M. Wing, “Demystifying
Computational Thinking for Non-Computer Scientists,” work in progress,
2010
3. Jeannette M. Wing, "Computational Thinking: What and Why?",
https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~CompThink/resources/TheLinkWing.pdf, 2010
4. J. M. Wing, “Computational thinking and thinking about computing,”
https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~wing/publications/Wing08a.pdf, 2008
RESOURCES
• Since 2007, Microsoft Research has funded the
Carnegie Mellon Center for Computational
Thinking: http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~CompThink/
• In October 2010, Google launched the Exploring
Computational Thinking website
(http://www.google.com/edu/computational-thinki
ng/index.html)
• Computer Science Unplugged,
http://csunplugged.org/, created by Tim Bell, Mike
Fellows, and Ian Witten, teaches computer science
without the use of a computer
• Computer Science,
http://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spri
ng08/cos116/syllabus.php
LATAR BELAKANG

- Kebutuhan
keterampilan berpikir
komputasi
- Revolusi Industri 4.0
- Big Data
- Artificial Intelligence
Background
Computational thinking is
the thought processes involved
in formulating a problem and
expressing its solution(s) in
such a way that a computer—
human or machine—can
effectively carry out.

[Wikipedia, Wing 2014]


BACKGROUND
What
• Computational Thinking is the thought processes involved in formulating problems and their
solutions so that the solutions are represented in a form that can be effectively carried out by an
information-processing agent [CunySnyderWing10]

Why
• Computational thinking is the new literacy of the 21st Century.
• Understand what aspects of a problem are amenable to computation
• Evaluate the match between computational tools and techniques and a problem o Understand the
limitations and power of computational tools and techniques
• Apply or adapt a computational tool or technique to a new use
• Recognize an opportunity to use computation in a new way
• Apply computational strategies such divide and conquer in any domain

How
COMPUTATIONAL THINKING EXPLAINED
DEFINISI CT

- ‘Computational thinking is the thought processes involved in formulating


a problem and expressing its solution(s) in such a way that a computer—
human or machine—can effectively carry out.’ (Wing, 2014)
- ‘The mental activity for abstracting problems and formulating solutions
that can be automated. (Yadav et.al. 2014)
- ‘The process of recognising aspects of computation in the world that
surrounds us, and applying tools and techniques from Computer Science
to understand and reason about both natural and artificial systems and
processes. (Furber, 2012)
DEFINISI CT
- A mental orientation to formulating problems as conversions of some
input to an output and looking for algorithms to perform the
conversions. Today the term has been expanded to include thinking with
many levels of abstractions, use of mathematics to develop algorithms,
and examining how well a solution scales across different sizes of
problems. (Denning, 2009)
- ‘[Teaching CT is teaching] how to think like an economist, a physicist, an
artist, and to understand how to use computation to solve their
problems, to create, and to discover new questions that can fruitfully be
explored. (Hemmendinger, 2010)
CORE CONCEPTS OF CT

- logical thinking;
- algorithmic thinking;
- decomposition;
- generalisation and pattern
recognition;
- modelling;
- abstraction;
- evaluation.
PERIPHERAL CONCEPTS OF CT

- data representation;
- critical thinking;
- computer science;
- automation;
- simulation/visualisation.
CONTOH KASUS: SEREMONI WISUDA

Dean Randy Bryant was pondering how to make the diploma ceremony at
commencement go faster. By careful placement of where individuals stood, he designed
an efficient pipeline so that upon the reading of each graduate’s name and honors by
Assistant Dean Mark Stehlik, each person could receive his or her diploma, then get a
handshake or hug from Mark, and then get his or her picture taken. This pipeline allowed
a steady stream of students to march across the stage (though a pipeline stall occurred
whenever the graduate’s cap would topple while getting hug from Mark).

(Wing, 2011)
CONTOH KASUS: PERUBAHAN IKLIM

Predicting global climate change is only possible because of advanced computer models.
According to the UK Met Office, ‘The only way to predict the day-to-day weather and
changes to the climate over longer timescales is to use computer models.’

(Furber, 2012)
CONTOH KASUS: MENGURUTKAN ALBUM MUSIK

I showed up to a big band gig, and the band leader passed out books with maybe 200
unordered charts and a set list with about 40 titles we were supposed to get out and
place in order, ready to play. Everyone else started searching through the stack, pulling
out charts one-at-a-time. I decided to sort the 200 charts alphabetically O(N log N) and
then pull the charts O(M log(N)). I was still sorting when other band members were
halfway through their charts, and I started to get some funny looks, but in the end, I
finished first. That’s computational thinking.

(Roger Dannenberg in Wing, 2011)


CONTOH KASUS: BIDANG HUKUM

Computational Thinking has a long tradition in influencing the law, especially in the
dream of providing a set of logical rules that can automate the process of reaching a
verdict, [underpinning] its desire to minimise human discretion and maximise
predictability of outcome… legal reasoning systems have been making inroads where
they merely try to assist those making legal decisions. For instance, researchers at the
Joseph Bell Centre have built a system that constructs a space of hypotheses to explain
the evidence in a crime scene. This has been used to remind detectives of hypotheses
they might otherwise have missed.

(Bundy, 2007)
CONTOH KASUS DI INDONESIA?

- Prediksi kemacetan arus mudik lebaran


- Mengatasi keterbatasan/kesulitan akibat pandemi Covid-19
- Rekomendasi makanan favorit di GoFood / GrabFood
- Tilang Elektronik
CARA KERJA KOMPUTER
- Tiga bagian utama komputer (von Neumann architecture)
- CPU
- Memory / RAM
- Perangkat masukan/luaran (I/O device)
- Instruksi dan data disimpan dalam RAM
- CPU melakukan siklus Fetch-Decode-Execute
- Data dapat diambil dari I/O ke dalam RAM
- Data dapat ditampilkan dari RAM ke I/O
- Siklus Fetch-Decode-Execute dilakukan berulang kali (1 Hz)
- CPU 2 GHz: Dalam satu detik melakukan siklus FDE 2 milyar kali
- Video: https://youtu.be/Z5JC9Ve1sfI
BATASAN CT

- Susunan algoritme yang ambigu


- Tergantung bagaimana manusia yang menggunakannya
PR

Tugas Kelompok (2 org 1 kelompok)


- Diskusikan aktifitas sehari-hari yang melibatkan Computational Thinking.
- Berikan contoh aktifitas dari masing-masing mahasiswa Program Studi di
FTI yang dapat dipecahkan menggunakan cara berpikir komputasional.

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